JPS63119631A - Heat insulating structure and method of culture greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating method for a greenhouse for growing and cultivating plants such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers.

[Problems to be solved by the prior art and the invention] In general, greenhouses for cultivating this type of cultivation, in cold seasons such as winter,
If outdoor cultivation is not possible, or if plants can be grown quickly through forced cultivation, the surrounding area is surrounded by translucent materials such as translucent films or boards, and the room temperature can now be maintained higher than the outside temperature. There is. However, conventionally, translucent members are single-layered, so they inevitably lack heat insulation, and as a result, when the outside temperature drops significantly at night, the temperature inside the greenhouse drops significantly, which has a negative impact on plants. To deal with this, it is necessary to raise the indoor temperature by heating, but this also increases the cost burden for heating. Therefore, in order to increase heat retention, the light-transmitting member is doubled, but in this case.

The sunlight irradiates the plants in the greenhouse in a state where the light transmittance of the translucent member has been reduced by the square of the light transmittance, resulting in another disadvantage of significantly reducing the amount of sunlight, which is a problem. becomes.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention was devised for the purpose of providing a heat insulating structure and a heat insulating method for a cultivation greenhouse that can eliminate these drawbacks. According to the first invention, a cultivation greenhouse surrounded by a translucent member is equipped with a shutter that can be freely opened and closed.
The second invention is characterized in that it is configured to be switchable between a greenhouse using only translucent members and a double-layer heat-insulating greenhouse using fully closed opening/closing shutters and translucent members. A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by translucent materials is equipped with shutters that can be opened and closed at will, and during the day, the shutters are fully opened to create a daylight greenhouse that receives sunlight from the sunlight that passes through the translucent materials, and at night, when outside air is removed. When the temperature inside the greenhouse decreases due to cooling, the opening/closing shutter is closed to create a double-insulated greenhouse.

With this configuration, the present invention provides that even though the translucent member is a single layer that can secure the maximum amount of sunlight, when the temperature drops at night etc., a double heat insulating layer is used inside the greenhouse. This makes it possible to significantly improve heat retention.

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a greenhouse, and the greenhouse 1 is built long in the east-west direction with the gable side facing approximately east-west. A framework is formed using a pillar 3 on the north side that is inclined so as to be displaced to the side, and a roof support 4 that is supported in an inclined manner so that the south side is lowered between the upper ends of both pillars 2.3.

The greenhouse 1 is formed by covering the entire surfaces of these supports 2, 3, 4, and auxiliary frame members (not shown) with a translucent resin film 5.

On the other hand, 6 is a reflective plate that also serves as a heat insulating material, and the reflective plate 6
has a reflective surface formed from a member such as aluminum foil on its surface. 3. They are erected at a predetermined interval with their reflective surfaces facing south, and are erected in an inclined manner to reflect sunlight and reflect the reflected light towards the upper surface of the floor within the greenhouse. It looks like this.

Reference numeral 7 denotes an opening/closing shutter that is assembled into the greenhouse, and guide rails 8 constituting the opening/closing shutter 7 are integrally attached to the pillars on both end sides of the greenhouse 1 either directly or via support frames. There is.

In the embodiment, the guide rail 8 is composed of two rail bodies 8a and 8b arranged in parallel inside and outside, and on the south side faces in a vertical direction substantially parallel to the south side support 2, On the ceiling side, the slope is gentler than that of the roof support 4, but it is laid so that the south side is lower. Furthermore, on the north side, the reflector 6 and the north side support 3
The outer rail body 8a is arranged in a storage space formed in a gap between the pillars 3 and the inner rail body 8b.
is laid out so that it has a steeper slope than that.

On the other hand, the shutter curtain is composed of plate-shaped slats 9 made of a heat insulating material such as rigid polyurethane foam made into a plate by an appropriate method such as injection method or lamination method. On both left and right edges of the slat 9, running rollers 10 and 11 are installed on both the inner and outer surfaces in a lattice shape. The inner side running rollers 10 and the outer side running rollers 11 are assembled so as to run on the inner circumference side rail body 8b and the outer circumference side rail body 8a, respectively.

On the other hand, reference numeral 12 denotes a working chino attached to the roller shaft 10a of the inner traveling roller 10, and the working chino 12 is arranged so that the edges of adjacent slats 9 face each other with a predetermined gap. The slats 9 are connected continuously. Reference numeral 13 denotes a switch provided at a part of the north corner of the guide rail 8. A drive sprocket 14, which is chain-transmitted to the switch 13, meshes with the operating chain 12. The shutter curtain can be opened and closed by the forced transfer operation of the drive sprocket 14 in conjunction with the forward and reverse drive of the sprocket 13. That is, when the shutter curtains are fully open, they are stored in a stacked manner on the guide rail 8 of the storage section formed on the north side, but when the operating chino 12 is moved to the south side by the drive of the opening/closing machine 13. The slats 9 are connected and sent out in order starting from the upper slat 9, and the leading slat 9 reaches the tip of the guide rail 8, and when the gap between each slat 9 disappears, it is fully opened, and this state is detected by a lower limit switch (not shown). Then, the drive of the opening/closing machine 13 is stopped. Conversely, by driving the switch 13 in the opposite direction to the above, the slats 9 are sequentially fed into the storage section on the north side and become fully open, which is detected by an upper limit switch different from the above, and the switch 1
In this way, the opening and closing of the opening/closing shutter 7 can be controlled.

In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes an airtight sheet provided on the final slat 9, which comes into contact with the reflecting plate 6 during full viewing to ensure airtightness.

In an embodiment of the invention configured as a mix-up.

During the day when the sun rays shine, the opening/closing shutter 7
is fully opened, and by doing so, sunlight can enter through the single-layer resin film 5 very efficiently and the necessary sunlight can be secured. On the other hand, when the outside temperature drops at night and there is a risk that the indoor temperature will drop abnormally, the opening/closing machine 13 is driven to fully open the opening/closing shutter 7. By doing this, the greenhouse 1 becomes a double heat insulating layer consisting of the transparent film 5 on the outside and the fully closed shutter curtain on the inside, thus ensuring that the room temperature inside the opening/closing shutter 7 decreases. This can be prevented and heat retention can be greatly improved.

As described above, in the present invention, sunlight can efficiently enter the greenhouse during the daytime through a single layer of light-transmitting film with excellent light transmittance, and plants can be grown well. However, if you are accustomed to the indoor temperature dropping more than necessary in this state, such as at night, you can close the opening/closing shutter 7 to close the double layer of the translucent member (film) and shutter curtain. This creates a greenhouse with extremely good heat retention. As a result, it is possible to eliminate the damage caused to plants by low temperatures, allowing ideal greenhouse cultivation, and when using heating,
Heating costs can also be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the shutter curtain is constructed using the slats 9 made of a heat insulating material with excellent heat insulation properties, the heat insulation performance can be significantly improved.

Furthermore, as in the embodiment, since the storage part of the opening/closing shutter 7 is formed on the north side, when the shutter curtain is stored, the transmission of sunlight into the greenhouse is not obstructed by the storage part. Therefore, no support is required by providing the opening/closing shutter 7 inside the greenhouse.

It should be noted that the present invention is of course not limited to the above embodiments, but the opening/closing shutter is not limited to that of the above embodiments, and the shutter curtain may be a sheet shutter formed of sheet material. Alternatively, it may be made of a material with excellent heat insulation properties such as a flexible foam sheet material. Furthermore, if the shutter curtain is in the form of a sheet, it can also be configured to be stored by winding up the sheet.

In addition, in the case where the plate is constructed as a slat as in the example, the guide rail is not arranged in two rows in parallel,
It can also be composed of a series of things.

Furthermore, when carrying out the present invention, the insulation of the gable side of the greenhouse is a problem, but this side often faces east and west, so it is less affected by the incidence of sunlight.
Therefore, by doubling the light-transmitting member on this surface, it is possible to ensure that the heat insulation properties can be improved. Of course, a separate opening/closing shutter may be provided on the surface.

[Operations and Effects] In short, since the present invention is constructed as described above, by keeping the opening/closing shutter fully open during the day, sunlight can be filtered out while only the transparent member has excellent light transmittance. Although it is possible to efficiently secure sufficient sunlight to enter the greenhouse and ensure good plant growth, when the indoor temperature drops, such as at night, the shutters cannot be fully opened. By doing so, insulation is achieved through a double layer of inner and outer layers between the light-transmitting member and the shutter curtain, resulting in a greenhouse with extremely good heat retention.

As a result, it is possible to eliminate the damage caused to plants by low temperatures, allowing ideal greenhouse cultivation, and when heating is required, heating costs can be greatly reduced, productivity is significantly improved, and high quality products can be produced. This will result in a large harvest.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an example of the insulation structure and insulation method for a cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the greenhouse showing the opening/closing shutter fully open, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the greenhouse showing the opening/closing shutter. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the greenhouse showing the fully closed state, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the main parts of the shutter curtain. In the figure, 1 is a greenhouse, 7 is an opening/closing shutter, 8 is a guide rail, and 9 is a slat.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by a translucent member is equipped with an opening/closing shutter that can be freely opened and closed, and the cultivation greenhouse is divided into a greenhouse made only of translucent members and a fully closed opening/closing shutter. An insulating structure for a cultivation greenhouse characterized by being configured to be switchable between a double-layer insulating greenhouse made of a translucent material and a double-layer insulating greenhouse made of translucent members. 2) The heat insulating structure for a cultivation greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing shutter is attached so that its storage portion is disposed on the north side of the greenhouse. 3) A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by translucent members is equipped with a shutter that can be opened and closed at will, and the shutter is fully opened during the day to create a daylight greenhouse that receives sunlight from the sunlight transmitted through the translucent member. A method for insulating a greenhouse for cultivation, characterized in that when the outside air cools down at night and the temperature inside the greenhouse drops, an opening/closing shutter is closed to create a double-insulated greenhouse.