JPS63119637A - Drain structure of dew condensation water in culture greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a water structure of condensed water in a cultivation room for growing and cultivating plants such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] In general, greenhouses for cultivating this type of cultivation, in cold seasons such as winter,
Open field cultivation is not possible, or plants can be grown quickly through forced cultivation.

The greenhouse is surrounded by translucent materials such as translucent films and boards, allowing the greenhouse to maintain a temperature higher than the outside temperature. However, conventionally, translucent members were made of a single layer, so they inevitably lacked sufficient insulation, and as a result, as the outside temperature dropped significantly at night, the temperature inside the greenhouse continued to drop, which had a negative impact on plants. Sometimes I put it away.

To deal with this, it is necessary to increase the indoor temperature by heating the room, but this also increases the cost burden for heating. Therefore, in order to increase heat retention at night, the translucent material is doubled, but in this case, sunlight must pass through the double translucent material. As a result, another drawback arises: the amount of sunlight is significantly reduced.

Therefore, we first proposed installing shutters inside the greenhouse that could be opened and closed to ensure sunlight during the day and heat retention at night, and we were able to achieve considerable results. .

This is a problem because the interior surfaces of the slats that make up the shutter curtain, the guide rails, etc. are prone to condensation due to temperature differences, and in that case, the condensed water falls as water droplets, which has a negative impact on plants. Become.

[Means for solving the problem] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention was devised for the purpose of providing a drainage structure for condensed water in a cultivation greenhouse that can eliminate these drawbacks. A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by transparent members is equipped with a shutter that can be opened and closed, and the cultivation greenhouse can be divided into a single layer greenhouse made of translucent materials and a double layer greenhouse made of fully closed shutters and translucent materials. The shutter can be switched to a greenhouse, and the shutter is provided with a gutter on the inside of the greenhouse of the guide rail that guides the shutter curtain to receive and drain the dripping of condensed water adhering to the inner surface of the shutter curtain. That is.

With this configuration, the present invention makes it possible to reliably prevent condensed water adhering to the indoor surface of the shutter slats, guide rails, etc. from dripping onto the upper floor of a greenhouse provided with a shutter that can be freely opened and closed. This is what I did.

[Embodiment] Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the drawing, 1 is a greenhouse, and the U room 1 is built long in the east-west direction with the gable side facing substantially east-west, and vertical supports 2. A framework is formed using the pillars 3 on the north side whose upper ends are inclined so as to be displaced towards the south side, and the roof pillars 4 which are supported in a sloped manner between the upper ends of both branches 2.3 so that the south side is lower. has been done.

And these pillars 2, 3, 4. In addition, a greenhouse 1 is formed by covering an auxiliary frame material (not shown) with a translucent resin film 5 stretched over its entire surface.

On the other hand, 6 is a reflective plate that also serves as a heat insulating material, and the reflective plate 6
has a reflective surface formed from a member such as aluminum foil on its surface. 3 and 3 are erected in an inclined manner with the 1 reflective surface facing south at a predetermined interval to reflect the sun's rays.

The reflected light is reflected towards the upper surface of the floor inside the greenhouse.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a shutter to be assembled into the greenhouse, and guide rails 8 constituting the shutter 7 are integrally attached to the pillars on both end sides of the greenhouse 1 either directly or via support frames. . In the embodiment, the guide rail 8
is composed of an outer circumference side rail body 8a and an inner circumference side rail body 8b which are arranged in parallel inside and outside, but on the south side it faces in a vertical direction substantially parallel to the south side support column 2, and on the ceiling side Although it has a gentler slope than the roof support 4, it is laid so that the south side is lower. Furthermore, on the north side, the outer rail body 8a is arranged in a storage space formed in the gap between the reflector 6 and the north side support column 3, and the outer circumference side rail body 8a is parallel to the support column 3, and the inner circumference side rail body 8b is arranged in parallel with the support column 3. It is laid out so that it has a steeper slope.

On the other hand, the shutter curtain is constituted by plate-shaped slats 9 made of a heat insulating material such as rigid polyurethane foam made into a plate by an appropriate method such as injection method or lamination method. Although it is a thing,
A frame 20 is incorporated into the four edges of the slat 9. And when the shutter curtain is in the fully closed state, which will be described later.

The upper stile 20a side of the slat 9 is located downward, and a water receiving groove 21 in the shape of a round gutter is formed on the indoor side of the upper stile 20a, parallel to the upper stile 20a, with open left and right edges. There is.

Further, reflective surfaces similar to those of the reflective plate 6 are formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the slats 9, and.

Running rollers 1O111 are mounted on both the left and right edges of the slat 9 in solid form on both the inside and outside surfaces.

The inner running roller 10 has an inner circumferential rail 8b.

The outer surface running rollers 11 are assembled so as to run on the outer peripheral side rail bodies 8a, respectively.

On the other hand, reference numeral 12 denotes a working chino attached to the roller shaft 10a of the inner traveling roller 10, and the working chino 12 is arranged so that the edges of adjacent slats 9 face each other with a predetermined gap. 6, which continuously connects the slats 9; and 13, an opening/closing device provided at the north corner of the guide rail 8;

A driving sprocket 14 that is chain-transmitted to the opening/closing machine 13
is designed to mesh with the operating chino 12, so that it can be opened and closed! The shutter curtain can be opened and closed by the forced transfer operation of the drive sprocket 14 in conjunction with the forward and reverse drive of the &13. That is, in the fully open state, the shutter curtains are stored in a stacked manner on the guide rail 8 of the storage section formed on the north side, but are connected to move the operating chino 12 to the south side by driving the opening/closing v113. The slats 9 are fed out in order from the upper slat 9, and the leading thread 9 reaches the tip of the guide rail 8, and when the gap between each slat 9 disappears, it is fully closed, and this state is detected by a lower limit switch (not shown). Then, the drive of the opening/closing machine 13 is stopped. Conversely, by driving the switch 13 in the opposite direction to the above, the slats 9 are sequentially fed into the storage section on the north side and are fully opened.This is detected by an upper limit switch different from the above, and the switch 13 is driven. The drive is stopped, and in this way the opening and closing of the shutter 7 can be controlled.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a gutter provided on the indoor side of the guide rail 8. On the ceiling side, the chain gutter 15 is arranged along the guide rail 8 so that it becomes gradually lower from the north side to the south side. On the side, the upper end side is laid so as to be inclined slightly toward the indoor side with respect to the vertical guide rail. The gutter 15 has a roughly cross-sectional shape, and its left and right width W is as follows:
It is formed wide to extend from the guide rail 8 to the side edge of the slat 9, and as described later, when the shutter is fully opened, condensation collects in the water receiving groove 21 of the slat 9 and drips from the left and right edges of the water receiving groove 21. It receives water and condensed water that adheres to the operating cheno 12 and the guide rail 8 and drips.

In an embodiment of the invention constructed as described.

In the daytime when sunlight is shining, the shutter 7 is kept fully open, and by doing so, the sunlight can enter through the single layer resin film 5 very efficiently to ensure the necessary sunlight. On the other hand, when the outside temperature drops at night and the indoor temperature is used to drop abnormally, the opening/closing machine 13 is driven to fully open the shutter 7. By doing this, the greenhouse 1 becomes a double insulation layer consisting of the outer resin film 5 and the inner fully opened shutter curtain, and therefore, a drop in the room temperature inside the shutter 7 can be reliably prevented. , heat retention can be greatly improved.

On the other hand, in this case, when the shutter 7 is fully closed, if there is a temperature difference between the room A surrounded by the shutter 7 and the intermediate room B between the shutter 7 and the outer resin film 5, the shutter 7 Condensation is likely to form on the interior surfaces of the slats 9, the interior surfaces of the guide rails 8, the operating chino 12, etc.

There is a possibility that the generated dew condensation becomes water droplets and falls on the plants. However, in the present invention, when the shutter is fully closed, each slat 9 is guided by the guide rail 8 which has a downward slope at the front, and the direction of closing is downward. The vehicle will stop in a forward downward slope with the upper stile 20a facing downward. Therefore, the condensed water adhering to the interior surface of the slat 9 is collected into the water receiving groove 21 along the inclined interior surface of the slat 9. The collected dew water drips from the left and right edges of the water receiving groove 21 and is received by the gutter 15. The gutter 15 also receives condensed water that drips down from adhering to the interior side surface of the guide rail 8 and the operating chino 12 that hangs down when the shutter is fully opened. The received condensed water then flows through the gutter 15 to the south side of the greenhouse 1, and is drained into a drainage ditch or the like.

In this way, in the present invention, even if condensed water adheres to the interior surface of the slat 9, the guide rail 8, and the operating chino 12 when the shutter 7 is fully opened, all of the condensed water is received by the gutter 15 and drained away. It has become so. Therefore, it is possible to reliably avoid condensed water turning into water and falling directly onto the upper surface of the floor, hitting the plants and having a negative impact on their growth.
It is possible to achieve healthy growth of plants. Moreover, gutter 15.

It is convenient because it is disposed below the guide rail 8 so that it has almost no effect on sunlight.

In addition, the inclination angle of the slat 9 when the shutter is fully open must be such that water drops do not fall and flow into the water receiving groove 21, but a droplet agent made of a surfactant or the like is applied to the inner surface of the slat interior. If the condensed water does not become water droplets but spreads over the interior surface of the slat interior, the condensed water will easily flow downward along the surface slope.

Therefore, the inclination angle can be lowered, and there is no need to increase the height of the entire greenhouse.

[Operations and Effects] In summary, 1. Since the present invention is constructed as described above, sunlight can be efficiently incident as a single layer of translucent material during daylighting, and it can be opened and closed in a fully open state at night. Although the shutter and translucent material are double-layered and can greatly improve heat retention, even if the temperature difference when the shutter is fully closed causes condensation to form on the guide rails, the inside of the greenhouse on the slats, and on the operating chest. All of the condensed water is collected by the gutter and drained away, so the attached dew water does not fall down as it is, and therefore the condensed water does not have a negative effect on the plants, and the plants can be grown in a healthy manner. It is something that can be cultivated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a drainage structure for condensed water in a cultivation greenhouse according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the greenhouse with the shutters fully open, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the greenhouse with the shutters fully closed. Fig. 3 is a drawing of the shutter curtain, l is the greenhouse, 7 is the shutter,
8 is a guide rail, 9 is a slat, and 15 is a gutter. Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A cultivation greenhouse surrounded by translucent materials is equipped with a shutter that can be opened and closed, and the cultivation greenhouse can be divided into a single-layer greenhouse made of translucent materials and a double-layer greenhouse made of fully closed shutters and translucent materials. In addition, the shutter is provided with a gutter on the inside of the greenhouse of the guide rail that guides the shutter curtain to receive and drain the dripping of condensed water adhering to the inner surface of the shutter curtain. Features a drainage structure for condensed water in cultivation greenhouses.