JPS6311636Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention irradiates a measured object with two types of radiation with different characteristics, detects the radiation that interacts with the measured object, and performs a predetermined calculation using each detection signal. The present invention relates to a radiation applied measurement device that obtains signals corresponding to components of a measured object.

One such device is a petroleum calorimeter that continuously measures the high calorific value of petroleum products. The principle of a petroleum calorie meter is that petroleum products are composed of carbon C, hydrogen H, and sulfur S.
Using 60KeV gamma rays, measure the absorption of carbon C, hydrogen H, and sulfur S, and calculate the amounts of carbon C, hydrogen H, and sulfur S individually by calculating the total amount with the sulfur concentration determined from the 20KeV absorption. The high calorific value is calculated by multiplying these by the high calorific value coefficient.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a known petroleum calorie meter.

In the petroleum calorie meter, after a sample is prepared under certain conditions using a sampling device 1, the sample is sequentially passed through a vibrating density detector 3, a sulfur detector 4, and a composition detector 5, which are connected through a pipe 2. There is. Each detector has the function of outputting the following signals. That is, the density detector 3 outputs a frequency signal Fx and a sample temperature signal T _D based on equation (1).

ρ={A(T _D )} ² −Fx／Fx ²・B(T _D ) (1) However, ρ...sample density Fx...oscillator frequency A(T _D ), B(T _D )...sample Also, the sulfur detector 4 detects γ emitted by the radiation source 41.
The liquid tank 44 is irradiated with characteristic X-rays of about 20 KeV obtained by applying the rays to a hemispherical target 42 made of a special metal, and the transmitted X-rays are detected by the ionization chamber 43. Outputs an ionization current signal Is and a sample temperature signal Ts.

Is＝Iso e ^- 〓 ^t( 〓 ^hCh+ 〓 ^cCc+ 〓 ^sCs) (2) However, Iso... Ionization current of the sulfur detector 4 when the liquid tank 44 is empty ρ... Sample density t... Effective length of the liquid tank 44 μ _h ′μ _c ′μ _s ... Mass absorption coefficient of hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur in 20KeV X-ray (μ _h = μ _c ) C _h , C _c , C _s ... Weight composition ratio of hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur in petroleum products ( Furthermore, the composition detector 5 irradiates the liquid tank 54 with gamma rays _of approximately 60 KeV emitted by the radiation source 51 _, and detects the transmitted gamma rays with the ionization chamber 53 _. Then, an ionization current signal Ic and a sample temperature signal Tc based on equation (3) are output.

Ic＝Ico e ^- 〓 ^t ′ ⁽ 〓 ^h ′ ^Ch+ 〓 ^c ′ ^Cc+ 〓 ^s ′ ^Cs) (3) However, Ico...Ionization current of the composition detector 5 when the liquid tank 54 is empty ρ...Sample density t' ...Effective length of the liquid tank 54 μ _h ′, μ _c ′, μ _s ′…Mass absorption coefficient of hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur of 60KeVγ rays C _h , C _c , C _s …Hydrogen, carbon, and sulfur in petroleum products Weight composition ratio (C _h + C _c + C _s = 1 holds.) The sulfur converter 6 receives the output signal Fx of the density detector 3.
and T _D and the output signals Is and Ts of the sulfur detector 4
As input, perform the prescribed calculation to obtain the sulfur concentration signal Cs
The density signal ρ converted to the reference temperature is output to the calorie converter 7, and the normalized current signal ρ is output to the calorie converter 7.
It has a function to output i _s and i _d to the outside. The calorie converter 7 inputs the output signals Ic and Tc of the composition detector 5 and the output signals Cs and ρ of the sulfur converter 6, performs predetermined calculations, and generates a standardized current signal i corresponding to a high calorific value. _x and theoretical air volume (or C/H
It has the function of outputting a current signal i _y corresponding to the ratio).

In this way, the conventional petroleum calorie meter is configured to have a sulfur detector and a composition detector individually, that is, two radiation sources and two ionization chambers (sensor parts), which reduces the cost. I was getting high. Furthermore, as the number of detectors increases, the number of pipes connecting them also increases, and these pipes usually require steam tracing, which has the disadvantage of complicating the flow path configuration.

The present invention was developed in view of these points, and in order to reduce costs and simplify the configuration, the present invention has a target installed opposite to the object to be measured and one irradiation window. A radiation source storage part that is a box and is installed between the object to be measured and the target;
a drive source that rotates the radiation source storage unit, directs the irradiation window toward the object to be measured or the target, and irradiates the object to be measured with the primary radiation of the source or the characteristic X-rays of the target;
It has a sensor section that detects primary radiation and characteristic X-rays that interact with the object to be measured.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the configuration of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figures 2A and 2B, the sample flow path of the petroleum calorie meter is the same as in Figure 1, after passing the sample through a sampling device and a vibrating density detector (none of which are shown). Composition detector 8
The structure is such that it flows to Then, the frequency signal Fx and sample temperature signal T _D based on equation (1) are sent from the density detector, and the ionization current signal Is or Ic and sample temperature signal based on equation (2) or (3) are sent from the sulfur/composition detector 8. Input the temperature signal To to the signal calculation/control section 9,
A standardized current signal corresponding to high calorific value, theoretical air amount, sulfur concentration, and density is obtained by performing predetermined calculations.
It is designed to output i _x , i _y , i _s and i _d .

The sulfur/composition detector 8 has a hemispherical target 82 made of a special metal, a liquid tank 84 connected to the pipe line 2 and through which the sample flows continuously, an ionization chamber 83, and an irradiation window 86 on the side wall. It has a radiation source storage section 85 that stores a 241Am radiation source 81, and a drive section 87 that is controlled by a signal from the signal calculation/control section 9 and rotates the radiation source storage section 85. Then, the radiation source storage section 85 is rotated by the driving section 87, and the irradiation window 86 is moved into the liquid tank 8.
4 and target 82 alternately. That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, the irradiation window 86
facing the liquid tank 84, irradiates the liquid tank with gamma rays with an energy level of 60 KeV, which is the primary radiation of the radiation source 81, and rotates the radiation source storage part 85 by 180 degrees as shown in FIG. 2B. Target 82 at irradiation window 86
The liquid tank 84 is irradiated with X-rays having an energy level of 20 KeV, which are the characteristic X-rays of the target. Although not shown,
The sulfur/composition detector 8 has a sensor in the liquid tank 84 that detects the temperature of the sample.

The signal calculation/control unit 9 has a circuit configuration centered around a microcomputer, and a multiplexer 91 and each signal given through the multiplexer 91 is held in the first stage circuit, performs a predetermined calculation, and outputs the signal. It has a calculation unit 92 that outputs i _x , i _y , i _s and i _d , and a control unit 93 that controls the multiplexer 91, calculation unit 92, drive unit 87, etc.

Next, the operation of the petroleum calorie meter will be explained.

Now, while the sample that has passed through the density detector is continuously flowing into the liquid tank 84, the controller 93
The drive section 87 is turned on by a signal from the source, and the radiation source storage section 85 is rotated at a constant speed. Due to this constant speed rotation,
The gamma rays from the irradiation window 86 irradiate the liquid tank 84 and the target 82 alternately. For this reason, the ionization chamber 83
The detection signal is the ionization current signal Is based on equation (2) due to 20KeV characteristic X-rays and (3) due to 60KeV γ-rays.
This is a time-series signal consisting of an ionizing current signal Ic based on the formula. Therefore, the sulfur/composition detector 8 outputs the time series signal consisting of the ionization current signals Is and Ic and the sample temperature signal To in parallel.

On the other hand, the control unit 93 of the signal calculation/control unit 9 generates a signal synchronized with the rotation of the radiation source storage unit 85, that is, (i) when the liquid tank 84 is irradiated with characteristic X-rays of 20 KeV (at Ts and (ii) When 60 KeV gamma rays are irradiating the liquid tank 84 (referred to as Tc time), (iii) When no radiation is irradiating the liquid tank 84 (referred to as To time) giving the signal to multiplexer 91;
Signal Is when Ts, signal Ic when Tc, signal To when To,
Fx and T _D are each input to the calculation unit 92 and held in the first stage circuit. Based on these signals, the calculation unit 92 performs predetermined calculations and outputs signals i _x , i _y , i _s and i _d .

In addition, although the said Example demonstrated the petroleum calorie meter, this invention is not limited to this, and may be another radiation application measurement apparatus.

Further, although the sensor section is an ionization chamber, it may be another sensor, for example, a semiconductor element.

As explained above, according to the radiation applied measurement device of the present invention, two types of radiation with different characteristics are obtained from a single radiation source, and are irradiated onto an object to be measured to interact with the object. Since radiation is detected by the same sensor section, the cost of the apparatus can be reduced, and the structure around the detector, for example, the sample flow path, can be simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a conventional petroleum calorie meter.
FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are explanatory diagrams of the configuration of a petroleum calorie meter according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Sampling device, 3... Density detector,
4...Sulfur detector, 5...Composition detector, 8...Sulfur/composition detector, 81...Radiation source, 82...Target, 83...Ionization chamber, 84...Liquid tank, 85...
Radiation source storage unit, 86...irradiation window, 87...drive unit,
9...Signal calculation/control unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] Two types of radiation with different characteristics are irradiated onto a measured object, the radiation that interacts with the measured object is detected, and a predetermined calculation is performed based on the detected signal. A radiation applied measurement device that measures the components of an object to be measured, the box having a target installed opposite to the object to be measured, and one irradiation window, and a box between the object to be measured and the target. A radiation source storage section is installed in the radiation source storage section, and the radiation source storage section is rotated to direct the irradiation window toward the object to be measured or the target, and the object to be measured is irradiated with the primary radiation of the source or the characteristic X-rays of the target. What is claimed is: 1. A radiation-applied measurement device comprising: a drive source that causes the object to be measured; and a sensor section that detects primary radiation and characteristic X-rays that interact with the object to be measured.