JPS6311415A - Cooling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To avoid the need of a compressor driven by an engine by generating steam by heating the compound consisting of water and zeolite and allowing said steam to condense and liquefy and then cooling a cooled substance by the evaporation heat in the case when water changes to steam. CONSTITUTION:A rotor 1 in which the compound consisting of water and zeolite is accommodated is revolved to execute heat exchange. In the rotor 1, a plurality of sealed containers 2 are arranged radially around the center shaft of the rotor 1. The sectional surface of each sealed container 2 is divided into an outer peripheral part 2a which serves as an absorption and desorption part and a center part 2b which serves as a condensation and evaporation part. A shaped body 3 consisting of water and zeolite is arranged on the outer peripheral part 2a, and a water supplying member 4 is arranged in the center part 2b. Therefore, steam is generated by heating the shaped body 3, and said steam is condensed and liquefied by the water supplying member 4, and the condensation heat is discharged outside. Further, the water in the water supplying member 4 is evaporated, and the steam is adsorbed again into the shaped member 3.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention utilizes the properties of a compound of water and zeolite as a heat source, for example in a car, by using waste heat generated by an automobile engine as a heat source without using a compressor. The present invention relates to a cooling method that can cool the room.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the following method is known as a method for cooling the inside of an automobile (see Introduction to Automotive Thermal Management, edited by Tsumezo, published by Sankaido).

■First, a compressor driven by a V-belt attached to the engine highly compresses the refrigerant coming in from the evaporator, and the thus compressed refrigerant is sent to the condenser (radiator).

(2) Next, in the condenser, the refrigerant sent from the compressor is cooled and liquefied.

■Furthermore, the liquefied refrigerant is sent to the evaporator, which absorbs the heat of vaporization from the air inside the car, turning the refrigerant itself into a gas and cooling the inside of the car.

(2) Then, the refrigerant thus turned into a gas is sent to the compressor, and the steps from (1) to (2) are repeated again.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in these conventional methods of cooling automobiles, the compressor is driven by engine power, which increases the engine load during cooling, increases fuel consumption, and impairs acceleration performance. Deteriorate.

■There was a problem in that air conditioning was not possible when the engine was running at low speed or when it was stopped.

[Means for solving problems]

In view of these points, the present invention focuses on the fact that an exothermic reaction when water is adsorbed to zeolite and an endothermic reaction when water is desorbed from zeolite occur reversibly, and utilizes this reaction. It has been completed.

Zeolite contains significantly more water of crystallization than other minerals, and as it is also called zeolite, it continuously emits water vapor when heated, and its crystal structure is destroyed even after dehydration. It becomes porous without being heated, and when it stops heating and its temperature drops, it adsorbs water vapor from the outside.

The unit cell of crystalline zeolite has the unit cell formula % (metal ion, n is the number of crystal water molecules), and the m value is approximately 2.
When the m value is about 2.5, it is called an X type synthetic zeolite, and when the m value is about 3.5 to 6, it is called a Y type synthetic zeolite.

In addition to synthetic zeolites, various natural zeolites are also known.

The basic structure of zeolite is the SiO4 tetrahedron of methane, which is the basic structure of silicates.

The oxygen molecules at the vertices of the tetrahedron share each other and undergo sequential condensation. In addition, zeolite belongs to tectosilicates with a high degree of condensation with methane-type structures 5in4 and AQO4.
It has a three-dimensional network structure in which tetrahedrons are connected. In this structure, the O/(Si+AQ) atomic ratio of the zeolite is 2, and the overall charge is 5i44'
Alkali or alkaline earth metal ions are bound to compensate for the lack of charge on the AΩ04 tetrahedron caused by + substitution.

Some of the pores in the network 11 of this three-dimensional network 1''-like structure have pores that are significantly larger than those of other minerals, and the pores have a constant diameter in which oxygen atoms are arranged in a ring. exists. Crystal water is contained within these cavities or pores, and can be freely desorbed by heating or depressurizing without destroying the crystal lattice structure. Moreover, when the dehydrated zeolite is kept in a high humidity state again, it adsorbs water and returns to its original form. The state will return to normal.

Among the more than 40 commercially available zeolites that can be used, 3A
, 4A, 5A, 13X are preferred. For example, in the case of 4A, the diameter of the pores is 4, and the amount of crystal water adsorbed differs depending on the diameter of the pores, and the amount of crystal water differs depending on the crystal structure. Furthermore, since thermal structural stability differs depending on the crystal structure of various zeolites, the most advantageous zeolite can be selected in consideration of price and other factors.

That is, the present invention supplies heat to a compound of water and zeolite to evaporate water from the compound, and after condensing and liquefying the evaporated water, the liquid water becomes gaseous water vapor. It is characterized by cooling the object to be cooled using the heat of vaporization.

[Effect]

In this way, there is no need for a compressor that must be driven by engine power, so it is possible to eliminate the negative effects of the engine, and it also eliminates the need for a compressor that must be driven by engine power. That will no longer be the case.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the cooling method according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the case where 4A type synthetic zeolite is used as zeolite 1- will be explained. FIG. 4 shows the temperature and pressure changes with respect to the water adsorption amount (wt% relative to 100 g of zeolite) of the 4A type synthetic zeolite.

Fig. 2 shows the actual cooling operation temperature and pressure with respect to these characteristics. As is clear from Fig. 5, at point A in the figure, zeolite that has adsorbed a large amount of water (approximately 16.5 vt% water in 100 g of zeolite 1-) is heated by a heat source until it reaches point B in the figure. The water vapor is expelled and condensed at a temperature of 80°C at point E in the figure. At point B in the figure, the zeolite with a water vapor content of 5.9 vt% is cooled by the outside air.
At point C in the figure, the water condensed and liquefied at point E is adsorbed, and on the other hand, the water evaporates at point F in the figure, that is, about 5° C., and the object to be cooled is cooled by the latent heat of evaporation. The zeolite, which adsorbs water vapor and has a water content of 16.5 wt% (dotted point in the figure), is heated by a heat source and returns to point A in the figure, then heated again by the heat source, desorbs water vapor, and returns to point B in the figure. The going cycle continues.

Therefore, in the case of type 4A synthetic zeolite, if there is a heat source of about 280° C. or higher and outside air that discards the heat, cooling can be achieved by a compound of water and zeolite.

Note that the cycle shown in FIG. 5 is an example, and the cycles shown in FIG.
A similar effect can be obtained by changing the interval between points, that is, the operating width of the water refrigerant.

Next, the above-mentioned cooling method will be specifically explained.

Similar to the principle of commercially available rotary dehumidifiers, by rotating the rotor using a driving device, a desorption/regeneration section containing a compound of water and zeolite is created, and water vapor is spatially connected to the desorption/regeneration section. The desorption reaction and condensation reaction of water occur respectively. In addition, by rotating the rotor, a reverse process of adsorption and evaporation reaction occurs, returning the water and zeolite compound to the original state.The rotor is then rotated again to cause desorption and condensation at the position of the initial desorption and condensation process. cause a reaction. In this way, the rotor can be rotated for continuous operation.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the flow of heat in the rotating rotor. A rotor 1 containing a compound of water and zeolite rotates, and heat input from a heat source, discharge to the outside air, and heat input from an object to be cooled are exchanged directly through an air medium. When the rotor is in the position shown in FIG. 3, heat is supplied from the heat source to the outer periphery of a portion of the upper half of the rotor.

Other heat inputs and outputs also take place at locations as shown in FIG. Inside of rotor 1.

As its structure is shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of independent closed containers 2 shown by diagonal lines in the figure are arranged radially around the central axis of the rotor. An air medium to be heat exchanged is allowed to pass through the gap between each of the closed containers 2, and heat is exchanged with the water and the compound of water and zeolite in the closed container 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cross section of each sealed container 2 is divided into an outer peripheral part 2a which becomes a desorption/adsorption part and a central part 2b which becomes a condensation/evaporation part when placed inside the rotor 1. has been done. In the outer peripheral part 2a, the molded body 3 of water and zeolite is brought into close contact with the container wall for easy heat exchange, and a space is provided between each wall through which water vapor can pass, and the center A water-absorbing agent 4 such as cloth or sponge that retains water is housed in the portion 2b.

By doing this, the molded body 3 of water and zeolite is heated by the heat source, water vapor is generated from the molded body 3, and is condensed and liquefied by the water-absorbing agent 4, which serves as a condensing agent. Heat is radiated to And rotor 1
As the water absorbing agent 4 rotates, the water in the water absorbing agent 4 removes heat from the object to be cooled and evaporates, and the water vapor is adsorbed again by the water and the biolite molded body 3, and the heat of adsorption is released to the outside air. Therefore, continuous operation can be achieved by repeating this operation.

In the above example, a continuous cycle can be constructed by rotating the container containing the water and zeolite compound. 8- The same effect can be obtained even if it is made as follows.

In the embodiments described above, the container containing the water and zeolite compound was vacuum degassed, and only water vapor was enclosed as a gas. Therefore, the rate of adsorption and desorption of water vapor to zeolite can be increased.

Further, in the above example, the heat of desorption of water from the compound of water and zeolite is approximately 1,050 kcal/kg.

The latent heat of vaporization of water is approximately 600 kcal/kg, and the coefficient of performance excluding the sensible heat component, that is, the latent heat of vaporization/desorption heat of water, is approximately 0.57, so it is especially recommended to be installed in a car to cool the inside of the car. It has an advantageous effect. in this case,
It becomes possible to effectively use engine waste heat as a heat source.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above explanation, according to the cooling method of the present invention, there is no need for a compressor that must be driven by engine power. The state of the air conditioner will no longer change depending on the state of the air conditioner.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a graph showing temperature and pressure changes with respect to the water adsorption amount of zeolite used in an embodiment of the cooling method according to the present invention, and Figure 5 is a graph showing the actual characteristics shown in Figure 10. It is a graph showing the cooling operation temperature and pressure of. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rotor, 2... Airtight container, 3... Zeolite molded body, 4... Water absorbing agent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Heat is supplied to a compound of water and zeolite to evaporate water from the compound, the evaporated water is condensed and liquefied, and then the vaporization required when the liquid water becomes gaseous water vapor A cooling method characterized by cooling an object to be cooled using heat.