JPS63110291A - Extraction of essential oil component of plant - Google Patents
Extraction of essential oil component of plantInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63110291A JPS63110291A JP25362686A JP25362686A JPS63110291A JP S63110291 A JPS63110291 A JP S63110291A JP 25362686 A JP25362686 A JP 25362686A JP 25362686 A JP25362686 A JP 25362686A JP S63110291 A JPS63110291 A JP S63110291A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- essential oil
- carbon dioxide
- plant
- supercritical carbon
- oil components
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000721662 Juniperus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194019 Streptococcus mutans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218636 Thuja Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008109 Thuja occidentalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009920 food preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明はヒノキ科植物から精油成分を得る方法に関する
ものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for obtaining essential oil components from plants of the Cupressaceae family.
更に詳しくは、ヒノキ科植物に超臨界二酸化炭素を接触
させ、ヒノキ科植物に含まれる精油成分を抽出分層して
得る方法に関するものである。More specifically, it relates to a method of contacting a plant of the Cupressaceae family with supercritical carbon dioxide to extract and separate the essential oil components contained in the plant of the Cupressaceae family.
ヒノキ科植物の精油成分は、天然香料、芳香剤として用
いられる他、抗苗剤としての利用が知られている。たと
えば、
木材学会誌３０巻３号ｐ２４０〜ｐ２４３ （１９８４
年）ｒｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｍｕｔａｎｓに
活性なヒノキ埋れ木の成分」に、「虫歯を起こす原因の
一つと考えられている細菌５ｔｒｅｐｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ
ｍｕｔａｎｓの生育を阻害するヒノキ属樹稲埋れ木
の精油成分が検討され、５７成分が同定されたが、その
うち活性物質はＩ −ｄ−ｃａｄ ｉ ｎｏ ｌ″！：
″あることが判明した。」
と記載されている。The essential oil components of plants of the Cupressaceae family are used as natural fragrances and aromatics, and are also known to be used as anti-seedling agents. For example, Journal of the Japan Society of Wood Science, Vol. 30, No. 3, p.240-p.243 (1984
(2013) Ingredients of Japanese cypress wood that are active against Rstreptococcus mutans, the bacterium 5treptococcus, which is thought to be one of the causes of tooth decay.
The essential oil components of the Cypress tree, which inhibits the growth of S. mutans, were investigated and 57 components were identified, among which the active substance is I-d-cad ino l''!:
``It has been found that there is.''
また、特開昭６０−１３９６４０号公報明細書には、
「ヒノキチオールは、台７ｖ檜、ヒバ等の精油成分中に
存在する七員環化合物で、古くから抗菌・抗力と作用を
有することが知られており、それを利用して食品の保存
等の研究もなされておりその有効性が認められている。In addition, the specification of JP-A-60-139640 states, ``Hinokitiol is a seven-membered ring compound present in essential oil components of Japanese cypress, cypress, etc., and has been known for a long time to have antibacterial and antibacterial effects. It has been used in research on food preservation, and its effectiveness has been recognized.
」 と記載されている。” It is stated that.
（従来の技術）
植物体から精油成分等を得る方法としては、圧搾法、溶
剤抽出法、水蒸気蒸溜法等が挙げられるが、精油成分を
得る方法としては専ら水蒸気蒸溜法が用いられている。(Prior Art) Methods for obtaining essential oil components from plants include compression methods, solvent extraction methods, steam distillation methods, etc., but steam distillation is exclusively used as a method for obtaining essential oil components.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
水蒸気蒸溜法では原料の植物体が水の沸点近くの温度に
長時間さらされ、得ようとする精油成分が熱によって変
性を受は易く、また得られる精油留分に多星の水分が混
在し、例え精油成分が水と二層に分れても精油成分が水
分を含み、あるいは水層に精油成分が一部溶解するなど
、二次稍製工程を必要とし、品質、収率、経済性に問題
がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the steam distillation method, the raw material plant is exposed to a temperature close to the boiling point of water for a long time, and the essential oil components to be obtained are easily denatured by heat, and the essential oil to be obtained is easily denatured by heat. If the distillate contains a lot of moisture, even if the essential oil component is separated into two layers with water, the essential oil component will still contain water, or some of the essential oil component will dissolve in the water layer, resulting in a secondary refinement process. There are problems with quality, yield, and economic efficiency.
本発明者は上記問題点を解決するため、鋭意検討した結
果、超臨界二酸化炭素がヒノキ科４ｉ！！物の精油成分
をよく溶解し、しかも精油成分としては不要の水分、樹
脂分、塩類をほとんど溶解しないことに着目し、そのた
めヒノキ科植物に超臨界二酸化炭素を接触させることに
より、ヒノキ科植物から主として精油成分を超臨界二酸
化炭素に溶解させ、その精油成分の溶解度が温度または
／および圧力を低下させることによって著しく低下する
ことを利用して、良質の精油成分を分離回収できること
を見い出し、本発明を完成した。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention conducted extensive studies and found that supercritical carbon dioxide has been found in Cypressaceae 4i! ! We focused on the fact that it dissolves the essential oil components of plants well, while hardly dissolving water, resin, and salts that are unnecessary for essential oil components.Therefore, by contacting the Cupressaceae plant with supercritical carbon dioxide, we extracted it from the Cupressaceae plant by contacting it with supercritical carbon dioxide. It has been discovered that high-quality essential oil components can be separated and recovered by mainly dissolving essential oil components in supercritical carbon dioxide and utilizing the fact that the solubility of the essential oil components is significantly reduced by lowering temperature and/or pressure, and the present invention completed.
（間趙を解決するための手段）
本発明はヒノキ科植物に超臨界二酸化炭素を接触させ、
該植物の精油成分を溶解せしめた超臨界二酸化炭素から
、精油成分を分離回収することを特徴とするヒノキ科植
物から精油成分を抽出する方法に関するものである。(Means for solving the problem) The present invention involves contacting a plant of the Cupressaceae family with supercritical carbon dioxide,
The present invention relates to a method for extracting essential oil components from a plant of the Cupressaceae family, characterized by separating and recovering the essential oil component from supercritical carbon dioxide in which the essential oil component of the plant is dissolved.
本発明の超臨界二酸化炭素は、温度範囲が３１゜１〜１
２０℃、圧力範囲が７４．２〜う０Ｏｋｒ／ａ１Ｇ、好
ましくは温度範囲が３１．１〜８０°Ｃ１圧力範囲が７
４．２〜３００ ｋ＋ｒ／ ａｊＧ ′？：″あること
が抽出条件として採用できる。The supercritical carbon dioxide of the present invention has a temperature range of 31°1 to 1
20°C, pressure range 74.2~00Kr/a1G, preferably temperature range 31.1~80°C1 pressure range 7
4.2~300 k+r/ajG'? ：″Something can be adopted as an extraction condition.
本発明の抽出条件は、温度、圧力が共に高い方が精油成
分の溶解度が大きく、抽出効率を向上させることができ
る。Regarding the extraction conditions of the present invention, the higher the temperature and pressure, the greater the solubility of essential oil components, and the higher the extraction efficiency.
しかし抽出温度を上げることは、抽出目的である精油成
分の酸化、分解等の変質を促進させるものである。また
、抽出圧力を高めることは一方で高圧設備の費用の増大
を招き、経済性の問題を生じる。However, raising the extraction temperature promotes alterations such as oxidation and decomposition of the essential oil components that are the purpose of extraction. In addition, increasing the extraction pressure also increases the cost of high-pressure equipment, creating an economical problem.
本発明が対象とするヒノキ科植物としては、たとえば、
コノテガシワ属 コノテガシワクロベ属
クロベ、ネズコアスナロ属 ア
スナロ、ヒバヒノキ属 ヒノキ、サワラ
ビャクシン属 ネズ、イブキなどが挙げら
れ、葉、枝、幹、根のいずれの部位を用いても本発明の
目的を達成することができる。抽出効率を上げるために
は原料を砕いた方が良く、一般的には製材時に生ずるお
がくずを有効利用する。The plants of the Cupressaceae family targeted by the present invention include, for example, the genus Cypress
Examples include arborvitae, cypress (Japanese cypress), juniper (Japanese cypress), juniper tree, and the like, and the purpose of the present invention can be achieved using any of the leaves, branches, trunks, and roots. In order to increase extraction efficiency, it is better to crush the raw material, and generally the sawdust produced during sawing is effectively used.
（作 用）
本発明によれば、超臨界二酸化炭素は植物の精油成分に
対して高い溶解能を有する。(Function) According to the present invention, supercritical carbon dioxide has a high ability to dissolve essential oil components of plants.
そのため、精油成分を植物体から比較的低い温度で溶解
し、抽出することができる。そうすることによって、化
学的に不安定な精油成分が酸化、分解等による変質を受
けることを防ぐことができる。Therefore, essential oil components can be dissolved and extracted from plants at relatively low temperatures. By doing so, chemically unstable essential oil components can be prevented from undergoing deterioration due to oxidation, decomposition, etc.
また、超臨界二酸化炭素は植物体を構成するセルロース
や含有される糖類、樹脂分、塩類をほとんど溶解しない
。In addition, supercritical carbon dioxide hardly dissolves the cellulose constituting the plant body, the sugars, resins, and salts contained therein.
したがって超臨界二酸化炭素を使用することによって植
物体から、はとんど精油成分のみを選択的に抽出するこ
とができる。Therefore, by using supercritical carbon dioxide, only essential oil components can be selectively extracted from plants.
さらには、超臨界抽出操作によって得られる精油成分を
含有する二酸化炭素から精油成分を分離するには、単に
温度または／および圧力を下げるだけで良く、酸化、分
解等の起る危険性のある加熱操作を必要としない。Furthermore, in order to separate essential oil components from carbon dioxide containing essential oil components obtained by supercritical extraction, it is sufficient to simply lower the temperature and/or pressure; No operation required.
したがって、本発明によれば植物体に超臨界二酸化炭素
を作用させることによって、品質の良好な精油成分をし
かも収率よく得ることができる作用を有する。Therefore, according to the present invention, essential oil components of good quality can be obtained in good yield by applying supercritical carbon dioxide to the plant body.
（実 施 例）
以下、本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明はこれらに限定
されるものではない。(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例１
ひのきのおがくず１０５ｇを内容積１ｇのステンレス製
耐圧容器に仕込み、ガス吹き込み口より、温度５０℃の
二酸化炭素を供給し、容器内を温度５０℃、圧力２００
ｋｇ／ｃｊＧに保ちながら、一方のガス抜き出し口から
連続的に精油を含有する二酸化炭素を抜き出し、セパレ
ーターで常温、大気圧とし、二酸化炭素と抽出物５．１
ｆとに分離した。Example 1 105g of Hinoki sawdust was placed in a stainless steel pressure-resistant container with an internal volume of 1g, and carbon dioxide at a temperature of 50°C was supplied from the gas inlet, and the inside of the container was heated to a temperature of 50°C and a pressure of 200°C.
While maintaining the temperature at kg/cjG, carbon dioxide containing essential oil is continuously extracted from one gas outlet, brought to room temperature and atmospheric pressure with a separator, and the carbon dioxide and extract 5.1
It was separated into f.
得られた抽出物は精油分３．１ｇと水分２．０ｇの二層
に分離した液体であった。The obtained extract was a liquid separated into two layers, 3.1 g of essential oil and 2.0 g of water.
精油分は淡黄色透明であり、１１１維質、樹脂、塩類等
の不要成分は、はとんど検出されず、強いひのき奥を有
した。The essential oil content was pale yellow and transparent, and unnecessary components such as 111 fibers, resins, and salts were hardly detected, and it had a strong cypress depth.
Claims (3)
該植物の精油成分を超臨界二酸化炭素に溶解せしめ、次
いで精油成分を含有する超臨界二酸化炭素の温度または
／および圧力を下げることによつて、二酸化炭素と精油
成分とに分離することを特徴とする植物の精油成分の抽
出方法。(1) Contacting the Cupressaceae plant with supercritical carbon dioxide,
It is characterized by dissolving the essential oil component of the plant in supercritical carbon dioxide, and then lowering the temperature and/or pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide containing the essential oil component to separate it into carbon dioxide and the essential oil component. A method for extracting essential oil components from plants.
あることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の方
法。(2) The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide is 31.1 to 120°C.
／ｃｍ＾２であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項に記載の方法。(3) The pressure of supercritical carbon dioxide is 74.2 to 500 kg
/cm^2
The method described in section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362686A JPS63110291A (en) | 1986-10-27 | 1986-10-27 | Extraction of essential oil component of plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362686A JPS63110291A (en) | 1986-10-27 | 1986-10-27 | Extraction of essential oil component of plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63110291A true JPS63110291A (en) | 1988-05-14 |
Family
ID=17253962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25362686A Pending JPS63110291A (en) | 1986-10-27 | 1986-10-27 | Extraction of essential oil component of plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63110291A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07156207A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-06-20 | Nec Corp | Resin sealing mold |
| WO1996005849A1 (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1996-02-29 | Mepat Ltd. | Means for treating immunobiological cell stress weaknesses and a process for manufacturing the same |
| CN107287035A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-24 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of preparation method for dropping the essential oil that smells good |
-
1986
- 1986-10-27 JP JP25362686A patent/JPS63110291A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07156207A (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-06-20 | Nec Corp | Resin sealing mold |
| WO1996005849A1 (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 1996-02-29 | Mepat Ltd. | Means for treating immunobiological cell stress weaknesses and a process for manufacturing the same |
| CN107287035A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-10-24 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | A kind of preparation method for dropping the essential oil that smells good |
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