JPS63100217A - Lubricating-cooling device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder and an oil tank, from which oil is pumped by means of a pump into the oil reservoir. It is.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In an oil-cooled internal combustion engine known from DE 35 09 095, cooling oil and lubricating oil from an oil tank are passed through several oil pumps into the cooling circuit and then through further pumps. The lubricant oil is then pumped to the lubricating oil circulation path of the internal combustion engine. In this case, the entire amount of oil is present in an oil line and an auxiliary oil cooler with a large capacity corresponding to the amount of oil mentioned above, which serves as an oil reservoir. The disadvantage of this arrangement is that the entire volume of oil must be accommodated by oil supply piping and holding components such as heat exchangers and filters. Therefore, the piping and other parts must be structurally larger than the values specified for normal flow rates, and the pump that pumps the oil must also have dimensions that correspond to the diameter of the piping.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide an oil reservoir in an internal combustion engine that is structurally simple and space-saving.

Means for Solving the Problem This object is achieved according to the invention by integrating the oil reservoir into the outer wall of the internal combustion engine and arranging it in the area between the crankshaft surface and the cylinder head surface.

This eliminates the need for an oil reservoir, which is normally located outside the internal combustion engine, and eliminates the need to change the dimensions of oil piping, pumps, and other components from values dictated by normal oil flow rates. By arranging the oil reservoir in the area of the cylinder surface, no extra structural space is required to increase the volume of the internal combustion engine. This is because the cylinder has an elongated structure and the cylinder cooling section is arranged with respect to the crank housing so that there is no unused space. Further, this configuration is preferable because the noise of the internal combustion engine is reduced.

Additionally, cold start characteristics are improved and rapid warming of the lubricant and/or coolant is possible since they are located in close proximity to the cylinder.

According to a variant embodiment of the invention, the oil reservoir is arranged on one side of the internal combustion engine, parallel to the axis of the crankshaft. This makes it possible to increase or decrease the amount of oil in response to the oil demand by simply extending the side walls of the oil reservoir, regardless of the number of cylinders in the internal combustion engine.

For example, if a relatively large amount of oil is required for a particular purpose of use of the internal combustion engine, oil reservoirs are arranged on both sides of the internal combustion engine parallel to the crankshaft. Moreover, according to this configuration, the noise of the entire internal combustion engine can be attenuated.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the oil reservoir is cast in one piece with the crankshaft housing as a housing closed on all sides.

In this case, a suitable through hole is provided in the outer wall of the oil reservoir for removing the core after the casting process. These through holes can be used, for example, as oil inflow and outflow holes required for oil exchange, or for mounting an oil level detector or a hydraulic control device.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the oil reservoir is cast in one piece with the crank housing as a housing that is open on at least one side. In this case, the core or outer mold can be removed very easily after the casting process via the open wall, and the corresponding through holes can be covered by a simple lid. Depending on casting technology or other factors, it is also possible in this case for the mold to omit the side walls and/or the roof wall and to close these parts by means of a separate lid.

By closing not only the side walls but also the roof wall with simple lids, the weight of the internal combustion engine can be reduced. That is, since the lid does not require any supporting function, it can be made of a lightweight material with a thin wall thickness.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the oil reservoir is constructed as a separate housing, at least on one side of the internal combustion engine, at least in a partial area independent of the crank housing.

According to this configuration, in addition to the oil reservoir disposed on one side of the internal combustion engine and cast integrally with the crankhousing, an auxiliary oil reservoir can be installed later on the opposite longitudinal side of the internal combustion engine, if necessary. It also becomes possible. This allows molds for internal combustion engines to be
No modifications are necessary, and a separate oil reservoir housing can be fixed on the opposite side of the internal combustion engine.

Advantageously, the oil reservoir side facing towards the cylinder side forms, at least in subsections, the outer wall of at least one cylinder.

According to this arrangement, the cylinder cylinder, - is cooled by oil located in the oil reservoir. In this case, in the areas of the cylinders which are not provided with an oil reservoir, a corresponding cooling chamber, which is connected to the oil reservoir, is provided surrounding the cylinder.

If the internal combustion engine is cooled, for example by means of an extra-oil cooler, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the side of the oil reservoir pointing towards the cylinder side has at least one forming a coolant chamber surrounding two cylinders. This makes it possible, for example, to water-cool the cylinder and possibly one or more cylinder heads. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the side of the oil reservoir facing towards the cylinder side is
Openings are provided to the coolant chambers of one or more cylinder banks, through which an exchange of coolant between the two chambers takes place. According to this embodiment, the inner wall of the cooling chamber directly forms a cylinder sleeve or
A dry cylinder liner is inserted into this inner wall.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the side of the oil reservoir facing the cylinder side forms, at least in a partial section, a holder for at least one cylinder. This embodiment is compatible with oil-cooled, wet and pluggable cylinders.

According to different embodiments, the oil reservoir according to the invention comprises:
For example, it is suitable for the following cooling form.

a) The internal combustion engine is entirely oil cooled.

b) The cylinder of an internal combustion engine is oil cooled and the cylinder head is air cooled.

C) The cylinder is oil cooled and the cylinder head is water cooled.

d) The cylinder is water cooled and the cylinder head is oil cooled.

e) The cylinder is water cooled and the cylinder head is water cooled.

f) The cylinder is water cooled and the cylinder head is air cooled.

In the internal combustion engine of the present invention, since it is possible to use the cooler in various cooling configurations, it is possible to prepare a cooling configuration that is most suitable for each purpose and field of use of the internal combustion engine.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the oil reservoir comprises:
Configured as an overpressure vessel. This also makes it possible to eliminate separate pumps or distribution lines for pumping the oil in the oil reservoir into the lubricant circuit of the internal combustion engine and, if necessary, into its cooling circuit. If necessary, use two suction pumps in areas with large slopes.

Without the pump mentioned above (if not, the oil reservoir is
Formed as a container open to ambient or suction combustion air.

In both embodiments, the outlet of the oil line leading from the dry sump pump is located at a high level in the oil reservoir. By doing so, the oil in the oil reservoir is prevented from flowing back into the oil tank of the internal combustion engine through this connecting pipe, and the foaming of the oil in the oil reservoir is also prevented or reduced.

The outlet for refueling the lubrication point of the internal combustion engine is arranged at a relatively low level, below the lowest oil level in the container of the oil reservoir. By doing so, it is possible to supply oil to the lubrication points of the internal combustion engine even when the internal combustion engine is tilted significantly.

An oil filter is arranged in the outlet pipe connected to the outlet of the oil reservoir, so that only purified oil is guided to the lubrication point of the internal combustion engine.

If the oil reservoir is not designed as an overpressure vessel, an oil pump is additionally arranged in the outlet pipe connected to the outlet of the oil reservoir, and from this oil pump the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine is connected. Pump oil. If the internal combustion engine is oil-cooled, the pump is preferably designed as a double pump, which supplies oil not only to the lubricating oil but also to the cooling oil circulation of the internal combustion engine.

Preferred embodiments of the internal combustion engine according to the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment In the sectional view of the internal combustion engine according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1.3.4 with details omitted, the left half side shows that a dry or wet cylinder liner is housed in the crank housing of the internal combustion engine. The example and right half side respectively show that the cylinder is cast in one piece with the crankhousing.

According to the embodiment shown in the left half of FIG. 1, the oil reservoir 1 is formed by a housing 2, which is closed on all sides and is cast in one piece with the crank housing 3 of the internal combustion engine.

The housing 2 forming the oil reservoir 1 extends along one side of the internal combustion engine, parallel to the axis of the crankshaft, and its upper end extends up to the cylinder head surface 5 . The lower end of the housing 2 is approximately halfway between the lower end of the cylinder 6 and the crankshaft surface 7. The lower end of the internal combustion engine forms a flat oil tank 8 . The upper end of the internal combustion engine formed by the cylinder head is not shown in the figure. The housing 2 is provided with a through hole 9 in its outer wall, which is drilled in the lower region of the side wall. The inner contour of the core for forming the oil reservoir 1 is retained through this through hole 9 during casting. After casting, the core is removed via the through-hole 9, which is optionally covered with a stopper or used for connecting connecting pipes. Furthermore, L or more through holes 9 are formed in the side wall of the housing 2 as required. The cylinder 6 is inserted into the crankhousing 3 as a wet cylinder liner and is supported at a shoulder of the crankhousing 3. Between the cylinder 6 and the crank housing 3 there are L or more cooling chambers 10, through which a coolant flows. In this example, the coolant is water or oil. Since the upper cooling chamber 10 is open to the cylinder head, it can be directly communicated with the corresponding cooling chamber in the cylinder head by forming a corresponding through hole in the backing of the cylinder head.

According to the embodiment shown in the right half of FIG. 1, the cylinder 6a is cast integrally with the crankhousing 3a. The cooling chamber 10 is open to the cylinder head and can receive water or oil as a coolant. The housing 2a forming the oil reservoir is formed in such a way that the area of the side walls of the internal combustion engine is open and the lid 1
covered by 1. This lid 11 is connected to a housing part 2a, which is cast in one piece with the internal combustion engine, by suitable connection means, for example a screw connection. A through hole 9 for connecting a connecting pipe is formed in the lower region of the lid 11.

According to the embodiment shown in the left half of FIG. 2, the housing 2b forming the oil reservoir 1b is divided horizontally. The separation line extends along the side of the internal combustion engine at approximately half the height of the oil reservoir 1b. The cooling chamber 10b located between the cylinder 6b and the crank housing 3b or the upper part 2b of the housing is closed on the cylinder head side. This makes it possible to cool the cylinder head by circulating coolants separated from each other. This also allows the cylinder head to be air-cooled. Upper part of the housing 2
At appropriate locations on the wall of the upper part of b, there is a combination type oil supply.
An open branch pipe 12 is installed.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the oil reservoir I in the left half part is
The housing 2c forming C is open toward the cylinder head. This opening may be closed by a suitable lid or covered by a correspondingly shaped cylinder head.

The oil level measuring device in the form of an oil level plunger 13 is
It passes into the oil reservoir lc through the side wall of the housing 2C. Since the cooling chamber 10c is separated from the oil reservoir 10 by the wall of the crank housing, a coolant other than the amount of oil can be supplied to the cooling chamber 10C.

The embodiment shown in Figure 3.4 is an oil reservoir ld.

leS If, cylinder 6d by oil in 1 g.

This differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1.2 in that 6e, 6f, and 6g are directly cooled. Appropriate through holes are formed in the walls of the housings 2d, 2f facing the wet cylinders 5d, 5f, and the oil reaches the cooling chambers 10d, 10f through these through holes. Cylinder 5 integrally cast with crank housings 3e and 3f
e, 6g in the compartment to be cooled, oil reservoir 1
It directly forms the inner wall of 051g.

In the embodiment shown schematically in FIG. 5, the dry sump pump 14 sucks oil from the oil tank 8a of the internal combustion engine via a suction funnel 15. A check valve 17 is disposed in the oil pipe 16 drawn out from the dry sump pump 14, and this check valve prevents oil from being supplied to the reservoir 1h through the oil pipe 16 when the dry sump pump 14 is in a stationary state. This prevents the oil from flowing back into the oil tank 8a. The oil reservoir 1h is designed as an overpressure vessel. housing 2
An overpressure valve 18 is disposed on the wall of the roof of h.
It is connected to via piping. An electrically operated oil level measuring device 13a is provided on the roof wall of the housing 2h. A check valve is arranged in the branch pipe 12a, which serves to prevent an outward pressure drop through the branch pipe 12a. housing 2
An outflow hole 9b is formed in the outer wall of the oil reservoir 1h, and the oil in the oil reservoir 1h passes through this outflow hole, passes through a guide pipe, enters the oil filter 20, and from there passes through another outflow hole 19 to the internal combustion engine. Guided to the circulation point of the engine bearing. Oil as a coolant is further injected from the extraction pipe onto the side of the piston opposite to the combustion chamber side. Outflow pipe 26 is generally provided with an oil cooler. Oil flows from the funnel 22 through the oil pump 21 and from the reservoir 1h through the connecting pipe 23 to the upper cooling chamber 10h.
is pumped to. The coolant chamber 10h is in direct communication with a corresponding cooling chamber in the cylinder head 24 of the internal combustion engine. Oil is led from the cylinder head 24 to a flow control valve 25. The oil discharged from the cylinder head 24 can be led from the flow control valve 25 to a high-temperature circulation path (not shown), for example, a high-temperature circulation path for heating the passenger compartment, or to a return pipe 26.

A thermostatic valve 27 is disposed in the return pipe 26, and when the returned oil is below a preset temperature, it is sent to the bypass pipe 28, and when the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, it is sent to the oil cooler 29. be guided. The bypass pipe 28 is connected again to the return pipe 26 behind the oil cooler 29, and the return pipe 26 is connected again to the housing 2h through the opening. Air for oil cooling flows through the oil cooler 29 . In order to make the internal combustion engine compact, the oil cooler 29 is preferably mounted directly on the outer wall of the housing 2h.

The camshaft 30 is disposed at the end region of the cylinder 6h on the crank housing side. A valve arranged in the cylinder head 24 is actuated by a tappet led through the oil reservoir 1h via a corresponding tilting lever for controlling the gas exchange of the internal combustion engine. The camshaft 30 can also be disposed at the cylinder head 24 or at any other suitable location in the internal combustion engine, depending on the shape of the internal combustion engine.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the discharge hole 3X of the oil pipe 16a drawn out from the dry sump pump 14 is provided at a high level position of the oil reservoir 11. An auxiliary oil pump for supplying oil to one or both of the cooling circuit and the lubricating circuit of the correspondingly configured internal combustion engine is omitted in this embodiment. The oil in the oil reservoir 11 is pumped into the cooling and lubricating circuits of the internal combustion engine solely by the overpressure in the oil reservoir 11 generated by the dry coral pump 14 .

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the oil reservoir 1k is designed as a container communicating with the outside air. For this purpose, there are corresponding ventilation holes 3 in the roof wall of the housing 2h.
2 is formed. The oil pump 21a is designed as a double pump and supplies oil to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine via a connecting pipe 23a. Oil is supplied to the lubricating circuit of the internal combustion engine via another discharge pipe 19a and a filter 20.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, only the lubricating circuit of the internal combustion engine receives oil from the oil pump 21h. The internal combustion engine is cooled via another cooling circuit 33, and the cylinder head 24a and the coolant chamber 10i are provided with this cooling circuit 33.
Water is supplied through the

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1-4 are longitudinal sectional views showing mutually different embodiments of the shape and arrangement of the oil reservoir of an internal combustion engine, and FIGS. 5-8 are
FIG. 4 is a side view showing different methods of supplying and discharging oil from an oil reservoir. (Main reference numbers) 1.1a to 1k: Oil reservoir, 5: Cylinder head surface, 7: Crankshaft surface, 8.8a: Oil tank Patent applicant Tareckner Humboldt Deutsche Aktz Jungesellschaft Agent People Patent Attorney Takashi Koshiba

Claims (16)

[Claims] (1) At least one cylinder and oil tank (8, 8a
), and the oil is pumped from the oil tank to the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) by a pump, and the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is located on the outer wall of the internal combustion engine. It is incorporated into the crankshaft surface (
7) and the cylinder head surface (5). (2) The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is arranged on a side of the internal combustion engine, parallel to the crankshaft (4). (3) The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the oil reservoirs (1, 1a to 1k) are arranged parallel to the crankshaft axis (4) on both sides thereof. (4) The oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is cast integrally with the crank housing (3, 3a to 3f) as a housing (2, 2a to 2k) whose entire surface is sealed. An internal combustion engine according to claim 2 or 3. (5) The oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is a housing (2, 2a to 2k) in which at least one side is open.
Claim 2, characterized in that it is cast integrally with the crank housing (3, 3a to 3f).
The internal combustion engine according to paragraph 3 or paragraph 3. (6) The oil reservoir (1, 1a, 1k) is located on at least one side of the internal combustion engine, and the crank housing (3, 3a to 3
6. Internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that it is provided with an independent housing (2, 2a to 2k) in at least some areas independent of f). (7) Oil reservoir (1, 1
Claim 1, characterized in that the side surfaces of a to 1k), at least in some sections thereof, form the outer wall of at least one cylinder (6, 6a to 6h).
The internal combustion engine according to any one of items 1 to 6. (8) Oil reservoir (1, 1
a to 1k) form an outer wall of a coolant chamber (10, 10a to 10i) surrounding at least one cylinder (6, 6a to 6k), at least in some sections thereof; An internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: (9) Oil reservoir (1, 1
Claims 1 to 1k) characterized in that the side surfaces of a to 1k), at least in some sections thereof, form a holder for at least one cylinder (6, 6a to 6h) The internal combustion engine according to any one of item 6. (10) An internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is formed as an overpressure container. (11) Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) is formed as a container vented to the outside air or to the intake system of the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine according to any one of paragraphs. (12) The discharge hole (31) of the oil pipe (16, 16a) drawn out from the dry sump pump (14) is located at a high level position of the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k). An internal combustion engine according to claim 10 or 11. (13) Claim 10 or 1, characterized in that the outflow holes (9, 9a, 9b) from the oil reservoir (1, 1a to 1k) are arranged at a low level position.
The internal combustion engine according to item 1. (14) Claim 13, characterized in that an oil filter (20) is disposed in the outflow path (19, 19a) connected to the outflow hole (9, 9a-9b). internal combustion engine. (15) Claim 13, characterized in that an oil pump (21, 21a) is disposed in the discharge pipe (19, 19a) connected to the outlet hole (9, 9a-9b). or the internal combustion engine according to paragraph 14. (16) Claim 15, characterized in that the oil pump (21, 21a) is formed as a dual pump.
Internal combustion engines as described in Section.