JPS6299308A - Controlling of pine blight - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To control pine blight, by injecting methyl and/or ethyl 2- benzimidazolecarbamate or a salt thereof into live trees of pine and oak to exterminate fungi of the genuses Haplosporella, etc., causing the pine blight or prevent the invasion thereof. CONSTITUTION:Pine blight is controlled by injecting methyl and/or ethyl 2- benzimidazolecarbamate, expressed by the formula (R is methyl or ethyl) or a salt thereof and generally used as an antifungal agent for various industrial products or germicide for specific crops into live trees of pine and oak, preferably at 0.1-100g/m<3>, particularly 1-50g/m<3> injection ratio. The agent is capable of exterminating fungi of the genuses Haplosporella, etc., causing the pine blight in a very low concentration without giving phytotoxicity to pine and oak even in a very high concentration.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (b) Industrial application fields The present invention relates to a method for controlling pine blight.

(b) Conventional technology In Japan, pine damping-off disease is widespread. Pine damping-off is a type of epidemic wilt disease that affects all pine and oak species, but it is generally called pine blight because the damage to so-called pine species is conspicuous. This disease is said to be caused by pine trees being attacked by the pine nematode. Injecting insecticides into the trunks of pine trees has been practiced.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention However, insecticides and nematicides were used. The F method has a major problem in that it is difficult to completely control pine blight and kills many insects and destroys the environment.

The present invention has been made to solve these problems.

In this regard, the present inventors first investigated Hablos borella (H.
at) lost) Orella) V4, homosis (P
hoa+opsiS)rtlt1flictainer(P
hlycteana) B, Macroho v (Mac
rophoma) R, Diplopuia (DiρIo)
dia) ji et al., ``Some molds J have the ability to wither pine trees (g, below, ``molds'' of these genera
Among them, those that have the ability to wilt pine trees are collectively called pine blight bacteria), and since these are found in pine blight-afflicted pines, they are thought to be the main cause of pine blight rather than pine blight nematode. We focused on the theory that

In particular, the pine blight nematode feeds on fungi that are parasitic inside the pine tree, and has a habit of eating the above-mentioned pine blight fungus. Whether it is caused by pine blight or caused by pine blight, controlling pine blight will lead to controlling pine blight.

From this point of view, the present inventor conducted various studies.

Conventionally, it has been known that various fungicides are used to control molds such as the above-mentioned fungi.For example, plasticidin-8 is a drug that is highly effective against these molds at low concentrations.
(trade name), etc., but even if it is simply a fungicide that is effective in a table test or an agent that is effective for preserving wood, if it is injected into the inside of a live tree, it may cause damage to the live tree itself. It is difficult to efficiently control pine blight without causing negative effects;
In particular, even if the plasticidin-8 was injected into an actual pine tree, as will be described later, at an effective concentration, the pine tree would wither after 2m3 months due to side effects of the drug.

The present inventors conducted extensive research and studies and found that although 2-benzimidazole carbamine ester or ethyl ester can inhibit the growth of pine blight at low concentrations, The present invention was achieved by discovering that no chemical damage occurs even when injected at a temperature of 811 degrees.

(2) Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, the pine blight disease is characterized by injecting 2=benzimidazole carbamine and/or ethyl ester or salts thereof into living trees of pine trees. A pest control method is provided.

The methyl ester or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazolecarbamic acid used in the present invention is a compound having the chemical structure shown in formula (I).

(In the formula, R is a methyl group or an ethyl group.) This compound is generally used as a fungicide for various industrial products, and also as a fungicide for certain agricultural crops. The target crops are identified because when sprayed on the leaves, most of this compound stays on the leaves and only controls molds that propagate on the leaves, and even if you try to absorb it through the roots, it will only be effective. This is because only some agricultural crops (for example, cucumbers) are capable of absorption through the roots.

Pine blight bacteria invades the branches and tree trunks of pine oaks, but it is completely unknown whether this compound can be introduced into pine trees to control pine blight bacteria.

In the present invention, a drug containing methyl ester and/or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazolecarbamic acid is injected into the interior of a tree where pine blight is to be prevented or treated. The injection ratio of 2-benzimidazole carbamyl ester is 0.1 to 100 g, especially 1 to 100 g per tree size V (volume of fresh wood, 2 units ml).
50Q, J is preferable. The tree size V (volume of a live tree) is the circumference of the trunk at a height of 1.5 m from the ground (unit: m) and the tree height 1'' (unit: l).
This is the value calculated from equation (2) from (1).

4π (Formula ■) The value of (■) corresponds to the volume of a cylinder having a circumference equal to the circumference of the trunk at a height of 1.5 m from the ground surface and a height equal to the height of the tree.

Methyl ester or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazole carbamic acid is a solid at room temperature and is usually used for injection after being diluted to an appropriate concentration. When used as a solid, the injection method is to mix it with an appropriate polymeric substance to form a paste or stick, and then push it into a hole of an appropriate size drilled in the trunk or branch of a tree. be able to. Examples of polymeric substances used here include styrene-butadiene copolymer, kneaded rice, starch paste, and the like.

When used as a liquid, the methyl ester or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazo-/recarbamic acid is sparingly soluble in water and various organic solvents. Alternatively, a method can be adopted in which the material is injected into a hole drilled in a branch using gravity or pressure. Acids used here include inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid, as well as acetic acid, formic acid, and
-1M such as toluenesulfonic acid is exemplified.

When injecting chemicals into the trunk or branches of a tree, there are no particular restrictions on the location of the injection port as long as the trunk or branches do not break after the hole is made, but the medicine will be injected from the trunk of the tree as close to the ground as possible. This is preferable because it quickly spreads throughout the tree.

Further, the direction of the hole does not necessarily have to be perpendicular to the surface of the trunk or branch of the tree, and the hole may be bored diagonally. Although drilling and injection of chemicals can be carried out regardless of the season, it is preferable to perform the drilling in the winter because less "yani" will be ejected from the hole.

Pine oaks are susceptible to so-called pine blight. Some of these tree species are susceptible to damage if they are artificially moved to warmer areas, even if their native habitat is cold and they do not cause much damage. Therefore, the method of the present invention is intended for all types of pine trees. Typical tree species include fir, hemlock, spruce, larch, red pine, black pine, squirrel pine, Japanese pine, rainbow pine, Sakhalin pine, and cedar.

Since the method of the present invention is applied to individual trees, it is more valuable to apply it preferentially to mature trees that have grown to a size larger than small seedlings. It is preferable to give priority to trees that are 5 years old or older, especially trees that are 10 years old or older.

Methyl ester or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazolecarbamic acid and its salts can kill pine blight fungi at extremely low concentrations, and do not cause any phytotoxicity to pine pine trees even at extremely high concentrations. Incidentally, in an experiment to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of pine blight fungus using an agar medium, the concentration of 2-benzimidazole carbamic acid methyl ester was 0.
05μg/l! can prevent the growth of pine blight. On the other hand, in a toxicity test on cultured MMU cells (callus) of Japanese red pine, no damage to the callus was observed even when a salt'M acidic solution of 2-benzimidazole carbamine ester at a concentration of 3000 μg/11 was sprinkled on the callus. PJ8
It was then discovered that 2-benzimidazolecarbamate methyl ester is a substance that does not cause any damage to pinecones at a concentration 60,000 times the minimum inhibitory concentration for Pinus blight, has excellent medicinal efficacy, and is less likely to cause drug damage. .

On the other hand, Plasticidin S, which is known as an agricultural fungicide, has only a few μg/l of pine blight! Although it inhibits growth to a certain degree, it is highly toxic to pine trees, with a concentration of 20 μg/11
It has been experimentally confirmed that chemical damage occurs at a certain level, causing pine trees to wither and die.

To detect whether pine blight has already invaded a pine tree, cut the trunk or branches of the target tree into large pieces (
A sample with a cross section of 1 cm and a length of about 5 am was washed briefly with 1000 times the water, left to stand in a refrigerator for 2 to 3 hours, and then cut into pieces with pruning shears to a thickness of about 1 mm. Peptone and M mother extraction It is preferable to place 5 pieces each on a Czapek medium containing the following ingredients and culture at 25 to 30°C. According to this method, bacteria distributed inside trees can also be detected.

The method of the present invention can not only be applied to pine oaks that have already been invaded by pine blight bacteria to exterminate the pine blight bacteria and restore the tree to a healthy state, but also can be applied to pine oaks that have not yet been invaded by pine blight bacteria. It can also be applied to species to prevent the invasion of pine blight bacteria.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.

(E) Examples Example 1 The following formulation was prepared as a drug (preparation Δ) (ω
2-benzimidazolecarbamic acid methyl ester) 1N hydrochloric acid 30 parts (
C) Diethylene glycol 67 parts First, it was added to (ω is a mountain) and dissolved by stirring, and then (C) was added to form a transparent aqueous preparation.

Branches were collected from a group of red pines with a tree height of approximately 511 cm and a trunk circumference of approximately 303 cm at a height of 1.5 m from the ground and examined for the presence of pine blight.

Based on the test results, 5 trees in which pine blight was detected from this group
A book was selected, and the above preparation A was used as a drug and injected into the tree trunk near the ground surface.

The injection method is to place the polyethylene bottle containing Preparation A approximately 1.51 times above the injection hole, connect the aluminum vibrator inserted into the hole with a vinyl hose, and inject by gravity. Adopted. Two holes were made in one tree trunk to inject the drug, and the total amount of the drug in the two containers was 1,001,114 2-benzimidazole carbamic acid methyl ester relative to the tree size V.

After observing the progress of the tree for 12 months after injecting the drug, no chemical damage was observed in the tree. Twelve months after the chemical injection, some branches were cut and examined for the presence of pine blight, and it was found that pine blight was extinct on all trees.

Example 2 Branches were collected from a group of Japanese black pines with a trunk circumference of approximately 30 aa at a height of approximately 1.5 m from the ground and examined for the presence of pine blight.

Based on the test results, 5 trees in which pine blight was detected from this group
A tree was selected and a 10% aqueous solution of Preparation A was used as a chemical and injected into the trunk near the ground surface.

The same small force injection method as in Example 1 was used as the injection method, and the injection was carried out by drilling two holes in each tree trunk.

The injection amount was such that the amount of 2-benzimidazole carbamic acid methyl ester was 5Q with respect to the tree size V.

After observing the progress for 12 months after injecting the chemical, no chemical damage was observed on the tree. Twelve months after the chemical injection, some branches were cut and examined for the presence of pine blight, and it was found that pine blight was extinct on all trees.

Example 3 The following formulation was prepared as a drug (Preparation B) (a)
2-benzimidazole carbamic acid methyl ester +b+ Cooked rice 10 parts by weight First, +b+ is thoroughly ground, and then the previously finely ground kuta is added little by little and mixed uniformly.

Store the product in an airtight container to prevent moisture from drying out.

Branches were collected from a group of Japanese black pines with a trunk circumference of approximately 50C11 at a height of approximately 1011 cm from the ground and examined for the presence of pine blight.

Based on the test results, trees where pine blight was detected from this group2
A book was selected and the above preparation B was injected into it.

Injection of Preparation B was carried out by drilling four holes with a diameter of 1Q1% and a depth of 6.5Qm at a height of approximately 303 cm from the ground in each tree trunk, and filling the holes with Preparation B 5Q. . For the tree size V at this time. The proportion of 2-benzimidazole carbamic acid methyl ester added was approximately 20 (74).

After observing the progress for 12 months after injecting the chemical, no chemical damage was observed on the tree. Twelve months after the chemical injection, some of the branches were cut and examined for the presence of pine blight, and it was found that pine blight was extinct on both trees.

(f) Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to control pine blight of the common species without causing any adverse effects from drugs.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for controlling pinecone blight, which comprises injecting methyl ester and/or ethyl ester of 2-benzimidazolecarbamic acid or a salt thereof into a living tree of pine trees. 2. The pest control method according to claim 1, wherein the injection rate is 0.1 to 100 g/m^3 (volume of live wood). 3. The pest control method according to claim 1, wherein the injection rate is 1 to 50 g/m^3 (volume of live wood).