JPS6299012A - Processing machine for rail - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a time for arrangements of a work and its machining time, by using a mounting fixture to mount a rail, being the work, to a pallet and mounting the rail together with the pallet to a table by an automatic pallet exchanger to be machined by a numerical control (NC). CONSTITUTION:A work rail, being mounted to a pallet 6a, is fixed to a predetermined position on a table 4 by a mounting fixture of automatic lamp or the like. Further the pallet is exchanged by an automatic exchanger 8a. The rail on the pallet performs predetermined machining by a face milling cutter 23, formed cutter 24 and a drill unit or the like through a numerical control (NC). A machine exchanges a tool by automatic tool exchangers 25a, 25b while the machined rail by exchanging the pallet 6a. Accordingly, a machining time is reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a machine for processing rails, and more specifically to a machine for cutting the upper surface, side surface, end surface, etc. of a D-twisting rail.

(Prior Art) As shown in FIG. 4, in the crossing rail used in a conventional track turnout, the upper surface (tread) 51 and the outlook (side surface) 52 of the rail 7 are arranged in a horizontal and vertical plane. Since the nose 5 is tilted to one side, it is necessary to provide facing portions 53 and 54 at the ends as shown with diagonal lines in order to match the top and side surfaces of the general rails connected to both ends.
Nose machining to lower the suspension of the guide 56, guide machining to machining the side surface of the guide 56, joint machining to form the batten mounting surface 57 for rail connection, hole drilling to form the connection hole 58, etc. , complicated processing must be applied to various parts. Conventionally, this rail machining was done using a milling machine for top surface machining, prospect machining, and joint machining, and a planer for guide machining.
Drilling of holes was performed using a polling machine, and processing of the top surface, perspective surface, and nose was performed using a hand grinder.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, according to the above-mentioned conventional processing method, it is necessary to change the setting of the rail to each processing machine, which takes time for setup.
Not only can each machining process not be performed simultaneously, but many of the rails are made of high manganese steel, which is particularly difficult to process, so the grinding process using a hand grinder required a great deal of time and effort, up to 5 hours, and there were many variations in machined dimensions.

This invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and aims to provide a rail processing machine that reduces setup time and machining time and improves machining accuracy.

(Means for Solving the Problems) However, the rail processing machine of the present invention includes: a bed having a guide path extending in the horizontal direction; a table attached to the bed so as to be able to reciprocate along the guide path; A pallet for mounting a rail that can be detachably attached to a table, an automatic pallet exchange device for exchanging the pallet, and a first guide disposed above the guide path and extending in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. a horizontal rail having a guideway and a second guideway;
a first spindle head that is reciprocating in the vertical direction and pivotable around a horizontal axis, and has a main shaft that extends in the vertical direction;
The second guideway is mounted reciprocably along the second guide path, is reciprocatable in the vertical direction, is rotatable around a horizontal axis and a vertical axis, and has a main shaft extending in the vertical direction.
A spindle head, an automatic tool changer for attaching and detaching a tool to the spindle of the first spindle head, and an automatic attachment changer for attaching and detaching an angle head tool to the spindle of the second spindle head, N Cai for each of the above components
This is a rail processing machine driven by l+170.

(Function) In the rail processing 11ffi machine of the present invention, the rail as a workpiece is attached to a pallet mainly manually using a fixture, and then the whole pallet is attached to a table by an automatic pallet exchange device. , N C1t
Automatically machined by II III.

Machining is performed by the first spindle head and the second spindle head, and the first spindle head moves in the second horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction of the bed, in the vertical direction, and around the horizontal axis. Since it is rotatable, a face milling cutter is used to process the upper surface of the rail, the upper surface is attached, and the nose is processed, and a full-form milling cutter is used to process the joints.

In addition, the second spindle head can move and rotate in the same directions as the first spindle head, and can also rotate around the vertical axis, so it is possible to see the rail using an angle head tool with a horizontal spindle. Through processing, through processing, guide processing,
End face processing and hole drilling can be performed. The tools are attached to and removed from each spindle by an automatic tool changer and an automatic attachment changer, and the pallet after processing is moved and delivered from the table by an automatic pallet changer.

(Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.

In the figure, 1 is the bed, with guide path 2 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction)
A desk is fixedly installed on the foundation 3 towards. A table 4 is mounted on the bed 1 so that it can be moved back and forth along a guide path 2 by a DC motor 5.

6a and 6b are pallets on which the rail 7, which is the workpiece, is attached, and the table 4 is attached by means of attachments such as automatic clamps.
It is fixed at a predetermined position on the table 4, and is supported so that it can move laterally on the table 4 when the fixation is released. Reference numerals 8a and 8b are automatic pallet changing devices, which are installed on each side of the bed 1 on both sides of the horizontal pallet 9, and are used to transfer pallets 6a and 6b between the platforms 10a and 10b and the bed 4. 11.
A and 11b are cylinders for driving during this transfer.

12 is a column erected and fixed on the foundation 3, and the horizontal 9 fixed on this column is in the second horizontal direction (
A first guideway 13 and a second guideway 1 extending in the Y-axis direction)
4 on the front side J3 and the rear side. Reference numerals 15a and 15b are carriages that are reciprocably attached along the first guide path 13, and these carriages include swivel tables 16a and 16.
b is supported so that it can pivot (tilt) around the X-axis, and first spindle heads 17a and 17b are attached to this swivel table so that they can freely reciprocate in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). 18 is a DC motor for driving the carriage, 19 is for driving the swivel table, 20 is a DC motor for driving the main shaft overhead and below, and 21 is a motor for rotating the main shafts t* 22 a j 5 and 22 b extending in the X-axis direction. It is. Automatic tool changers 25a and 25b are installed below both ends of the first guide path 13 for attaching and detaching milling tools such as the face milling cutter 23 and the desperation milling cutter 24 to and from the main shafts 22a and 22b.

On the other hand, on the rear side of the horizontal 9, carriages 30a and 30b are attached to be able to reciprocate along the second guide path 14, and these carriages have swivel stands 31a and 31b that rotate (tilt) around the X axis. It is freely supported, and this swivel table has an elevating table 32.
a and 32b are installed so as to be able to reciprocate in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and second spindle heads 33a and 32b are mounted on this lifting platform.
3b is a mounting that can be rotated freely around the vertical axis (Z axis). 34 is for driving the carriage, 35 is for driving the swivel, 3
6 is a DC motor for driving the lifting table, 37 is a DC motor for driving the spindle head rotation, and 38 is a motor for rotating the main shafts 39a and 39b extending in the X-axis direction. 2nd guide route 1
Automatic attachment exchange devices 42a and 42b for attaching and detaching angle head tools such as a side milling cutter 40 and a drill unit 41 to and from the main spindles 39a and 39b are installed below both ends of the spindles 4. The DC motors in each of the above components are controlled by a control device (
(not shown).

Next, the procedure for machining the rail 7 using the device having the above configuration will be described in the fourth section.
To explain with reference to the figures and Fig. 5, first, the mount 1
The pallet 6a on which the two rails 7 are attached on the pallet 0a is transferred onto the table 4 by the cylinder 11a of the automatic pallet exchange device 8a, positioned and fixed on the table, and machining 114 begins.

A face milling cutter 23 is attached to the main shaft 22 of the first spindle head 17 (general term for 17a and 17b. The same applies to other parts hereinafter).
A side milling cutter 40 is attached to the main spindle 39 of the second spindle head 33, and after simultaneously machining the upper surface 51 and the facing 52 of the rail 7, the first spindle head 33 is used to cut the surface part with the face milling cutter 23. Then, using the second spindle head 33, the side milling cutter 40 performs a line-of-sight surface processing on the surface portion 54, and a guide load is applied to process the side surface of the guide 56. Next, a small diameter face milling cutter (not shown) is attached to the main spindle 22 of the first spindle head 17.
Perform nose processing to cut the tip of the nose 55,
An end mill type angle head tool (not shown) is attached to the main shaft 39 of the second main shaft head 33, and each end face of the rail is
Perform processing in step 9. Next, the despair milling cutter 24 is attached to the main spindle 22 and a joint process is performed to cut the batten mounting surface 57, and the three main spindles are subjected to drilling process to attach a drill unit]-41 and drill a G-hole 58. After finishing the machining, the pallet 6a is moved onto the stand 10a by the cylinder 11a. On the other hand, in parallel with the above process, on the pallet 6b on the pedestal 10b, the processed rail 7 is removed, chips are removed, and then a new workpiece, the rail 7, is attached to the pallet 6b. After the processing using the pallet 6a is completed, the pallet 1 is transferred onto the table 4 by the automatic pallet changing device 8b, and processing is repeated in the same procedure as described above, and the attachment and detachment of the rails to and from each pallet are repeated.

In this way, each part can be machined automatically by simply attaching and detaching the rail to the pallet once, instead of the conventional method of changing the rail set and transferring it between processing machines for each processing process. In comparison, setup time is greatly shortened, and tedious and time-consuming manual grinding is no longer required.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, each of the first spindle head and the second spindle head is
Since the two rails are simultaneously machined by installing a base, machining can be carried out particularly efficiently, but it is also possible to install one spindle head for each spindle head. In addition, in the above example, two automatic pallet exchange devices were installed, so the unprocessed rail and the processed rail can be delivered to the table at the same time, making it more efficient. A pallet of finished rails may be picked up from the bed and sent back to the side, and a pallet of unprocessed rails from another setup station may be transferred onto the table via the exchange device. Further, the rail machining portion of the first spindle head and the second spindle head may be shared in a manner other than the above. For example, joint machining may be performed by attaching an end mill type angle head tool to the second spindle head. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the angle head tool is attached to and detached from the second spindle head, but the angle head portion is always attached to the spindle head, and a tool having a horizontal axis is attached to and detached from the head using an automatic tool changer. In this case, the automatic tool changer is included in the automatic attachment changer referred to in the present invention.

Further, the present invention can also be applied to processing machines for rails having shapes other than the rail 7, such as lodging rails with movable noses.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, the setup time for rail machining is shortened, and 1. manual grinding is no longer required, resulting in large labor savings and machining time. Provided is a useful rail processing machine that can achieve a reduction in the amount of steel and improve processing accuracy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a rail processing machine 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a side view taken along arrow B-B. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a rail showing an example of a workpiece using the machine of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the machining process. 1...Bed, 2...Guidance path, 4...Table,
6a. 6b... Pallet, Ba, Bb... Automatic pallet exchange device, 9... Horizontal, 13... First guide path, 14
...Second guideway, 15a, 15b-...Shipping platform, 1
6a, 16b...swivel base, 17a, 17b...first
Spindle head, 22a, 22b... Main spindle, 23... Face milling cutter, 24... Reduction milling cutter, 25a, 25b...
・Automatic tool changer, 30a, 30b-... carriage,
31a, 31b...swivel base, 32a, 32b...
・Elevating table, 33a, 33b...Second spindle head, 39
a, 39 b... main shaft, 40... side milling cutter,
41...Drill unit, 42a, 42b...Automatic attachment exchange device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A bed having a guide path extending in the horizontal direction, a table attached to the bed so as to be able to reciprocate along the guide path, a rail mounting pallet that is detachably attached to the table; an automatic pallet exchange device for exchanging pallets; a first guide path disposed above the guide path and extending in a second horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction;
a first spindle head that is reciprocably attached to a horizontal shaft having a guideway and reciprocally along the first guideway, is reciprocable in the vertical direction and pivotable around a horizontal axis, and has a main shaft that extends in the vertical direction; and a second spindle head that is reciprocably mounted along the second guide path, is reciprocable in the vertical direction, is pivotable around a horizontal axis and a vertical axis, and has a main axis that extends in the vertical direction; an automatic tool changer for attaching and detaching a tool to the spindle of the first spindle head;
A rail processing machine comprising an automatic attachment exchange device for attaching and detaching an angle head tool to and from a spindle head, and in which each of the above components is driven by NC control. 2. The rail processing machine according to claim 1, wherein two first spindle heads are attached to the first guide path, and two second spindle heads are attached to the second guide path.