JPS6298977A - Solid state image pickup device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the degree of resolution in vertical and horizontal directions by disposing a piezoelectric displacement element on a two-dimensional solid state image pickup element so that the two-dimensional solid state image pickup element can be displaced in two directions in parallel with the light receiving surface. CONSTITUTION:The solid state image pickup elements (NXN picture elements) 1 are equipped with X and Y directional piezoelectric displacement elements 2 and 3 and displaced in two distances (X and Y) in parallel with the light receiving surface with the aid of a drive voltage waveform from a piezoelectric displacement element driver 4. The solid state image pickup element 1 is driven by the solid state image pickup element driver 5. A signal out of the solid state image pickup element 1 enters a scan conversion circuit including frame memories 6 and 7 through an amplifier and an A/D converter, and is displayed on a television set through a D/A converter as a picture made into high resolution. A data selector 8 in the scan conversion circuit alternately uses reading and writing in the frame memories 6 and 7. Thus the degree of resolution can be improved in two directions X and Y without increasing the number of picture elements in a solid state image pickup element and the performance of a solid state image pickup device can be improved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] A two-dimensional solid-state image sensor in which the light-receiving part of each pixel is two-dimensionally separated by a light-insensitive part is divided into two light-receiving surfaces by a piezoelectric element.
We propose a solid-state imaging device that can obtain high-resolution images with a simple configuration by dimensional displacement.

[Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a high-resolution solid-state imaging device in which the number of display pixels is increased using piezoelectric displacement elements.

Increasing the resolution of images is an issue in the development of solid-state imaging devices. To this end, countermeasures such as (1) increasing the number of pixels in the solid-state image sensor (2) scanning using displacement of the solid-state image sensor using a piezoelectric element are being taken.

Countermeasure (2) requires higher integration of solid-state image sensors, and there are restrictions on wafer size and process.

As for countermeasure (2), the number of pixels can be increased by a simple method, but the conventional solid-state image sensor can only be displaced in one direction, so the resolution (number of pixels) can only be increased in one direction. Therefore, it is desired to use this method to achieve even higher resolution.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a conventional two-dimensional interbody image sensor.

Generally, in a solid-state image sensor, the light receiving portions of each pixel are not adjacent to each other without any gaps. If there is a transfer section next to the light receiving section as shown in the figure, there will inevitably be a gap between the light receiving sections.
Generally, the gap is in only one direction.

If such a solid-state image sensing device is subjected to the above-mentioned measure (2), it can only be displaced in one direction, and therefore the resolution can only be increased in one direction.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional two-dimensional interbody imaging devices have been unable to improve resolution in two directions, vertical and horizontal.

[Means for solving problems]

The solution to the above problem is to make the two-dimensional body image sensor, in which the light-receiving part of each pixel is two-dimensionally separated by a light-insensitive part, movable in two directions parallel to the light-receiving surface. The solid-state imaging device according to the present invention includes a piezoelectric displacement element disposed in a two-dimensional interbody imaging element, furthermore, by shifting the phase of the waveform of the drive voltage of the piezoelectric displacement element, the light receiving section can detect the light before displacement. This is achieved by the solid-state imaging device according to the present invention, which sequentially moves within the dead area of the image sensor and displays the output at each moved position as the output of one pixel.

[Effect]

FIG. 1+11 (2) is a plan view of a solid-state imaging device and a perspective view of a solid-state imaging device according to the present invention.

In the solid-state image sensor shown in FIG. 1 (1), the light receiving section of each pixel is x,
There is a gap in the two directions of Y, and the gap is larger than the light receiving section of one pixel.

The solid-state imaging device in FIG. 1(2) uses the above-mentioned solid-state imaging device l.
It is constructed by arranging x- and Y-direction piezoelectric displacement elements 2.3 so that it can be displaced in two directions, x and y. One aspect of the present invention is
, by applying X and Y direction drive voltages to the Y direction piezoelectric displacement elements 2.3, respectively, and by shifting the phase of the X and Y direction drive voltage waveforms, the gap between the light receiving parts (light blind area) is filled. By displacing each light receiving part and displaying the output at each position during the displacement as one pixel, X, Y 2
This is to improve the directional resolution.

〔Example〕

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the solid-state imaging device of the present invention.

In the figure, solid-state image sensor (NXN pixels) 1 has X, Y
When the directional piezoelectric displacement element 2.3 is attached, the drive voltage waveform from the piezoelectric displacement element driver 4 causes the directional piezoelectric displacement element 2.3 to move in parallel to the light receiving surface.
It is configured to be displaced in the direction (χ, Y direction).

The solid-state image sensor l is driven by a solid-state image sensor driver 5.

The signal output from the solid-state image sensor passes through an amplifier and an A/D converter, enters a scan conversion circuit including a frame memory 6.7, and from there is displayed on a TV as a high-resolution image via a D/A converter. Ru.

A data selector 8 in the scan conversion circuit is used for alternately writing and reading the frame memory 6.7.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing the phases of the X and Y direction drive voltage waveforms.

As shown, the phase of the X and Y direction drive voltage waveforms is 1/2
Because of the deviation, the solid-state image sensor 1 moves two-dimensionally as shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view chronologically showing the movement of the light receiving section of the solid-state image sensor.

In the figure, the light receiving section is moved in the order of 1 to 4 every frame time of the solid-state image sensor by the above drive voltage. If each frame is called the first to fourth frames, the display frame time is represented by the sum of the first to fourth frame times, as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the solid-state image sensor 1 is stored in the frame memory 6.7 of FIG. 2 by accumulating, transferring, and sequentially outputting it within each period of the first to fourth frames in FIG. It is displayed as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 5(1) and 5(2) are plan views illustrating the element arrangement and the pixel arrangement during display.

In the figure, the first frame output of the (i, j) pixel is (2
i4, 2j-1), the second frame output is (2112J-
1) The output of the third frame is displayed as (2i, 2j) and the output of the fourth frame is displayed as (2i-1, 2j) pixels.

As a result of the above, the output image is 2N x 2N, and X, Y
The resolution is doubled in both directions.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the resolution can be increased in the two directions of X and Y without increasing the number of pixels of the solid-state imaging device, which is effective in improving the performance of the solid-state imaging device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 (1) and (2) are a plan view and a perspective view of a solid-state imaging device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the solid-state imaging device according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a , a waveform diagram showing the phase of the Y-direction driving voltage waveform, Figure 4 is a plan view showing the movement of the light receiving part of the solid-state image element in time series, and Figures 5 (1) and (2) are the element arrangement and A plan view illustrating the pixel arrangement during display. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a conventional two-dimensional solid-state image sensor. In the figure, 1 is a solid-state image sensor, 2 is an X-direction piezoelectric displacement element, 3 is a Y-direction piezoelectric displacement element, 4 is a piezoelectric displacement element driver, 5 is a solid-state image sensor driver, 6.7 is a frame memory, and 8 is data. Selector U, tXq, Flood (2) solid a dawn resistance f wear l, heart , $J6 The heart of the old shouting device in Hamate of Le Town 1/Change 1
Diagram Y direction n ant movement hito waveform, cane 1h mo pressure 7Wπ shi figure rod 31 view ○ one

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The two-dimensional solid-state image sensor, in which the light-receiving portion of each pixel is two-dimensionally separated by a light-insensitive portion, is configured such that the two-dimensional solid-state image sensor is movable in two directions parallel to the light-receiving surface. A solid-state imaging device characterized in that a piezoelectric displacement element is disposed in the solid-state imaging device. (2) By shifting the phase of the waveform of the drive voltage of the piezoelectric displacement element, the light receiving section sequentially moves within the light insensitive area before displacement, and the output at each moved position is displayed as the output of one pixel. A solid-state imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: