JPS628478B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS628478B2 JPS628478B2 JP57098140A JP9814082A JPS628478B2 JP S628478 B2 JPS628478 B2 JP S628478B2 JP 57098140 A JP57098140 A JP 57098140A JP 9814082 A JP9814082 A JP 9814082A JP S628478 B2 JPS628478 B2 JP S628478B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- water
- slurry
- amount
- fly ash
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は流動性の良好な高濃度石炭−水スラリ
ーの製法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a highly concentrated coal-water slurry having good fluidity.
近年、エネルギー源として石炭を利用すべく、
大規模な石炭使用プロジエクトが数多く計画され
ているが、一般に、石炭は石油に比べて単位重量
当りの発熱量が50〜80％と小さいのでその取扱い
高が多くなると共に、固体であり、炭塵の発生を
伴い、かつ空気中で酸化が進行するなどその搬送
や取扱いがやつかいで、石油と同程度のエネルギ
ー量を石炭で得るには、わが国が過去において経
験したことのないような規模での、船舶、港湾、
荷役などの諸設備並びに環境・防災対策上の設備
などにおいて、高効率化とクリーン化及び安全化
を達成する取扱い技術の確立が望まれ、石炭入手
の信頼性を確保し、かつ燃料費に上乗せされる関
連経費をできるだけ節減すると共に、立地に際し
て地域社会に受け入れられる諸条件を満たすこと
が大きな課題となつている。 In recent years, in order to use coal as an energy source,
Many large-scale projects using coal are being planned, but in general, coal has a lower calorific value per unit weight than petroleum, 50 to 80%, so the amount of coal handled is large, and it is solid and coal dust. The transportation and handling of coal is difficult, as it involves the generation of carbon dioxide and progresses in oxidation in the air, so obtaining the same amount of energy from coal as oil would require a process on a scale that Japan has never experienced in the past. , ships, ports,
It is desired to establish handling technology that achieves high efficiency, cleanliness, and safety in various equipment such as cargo handling equipment, and equipment for environmental and disaster prevention measures, ensuring reliability of coal procurement and adding to fuel costs. The major challenges are to reduce the associated costs as much as possible, and to satisfy various conditions that will be accepted by the local community when it comes to location.
これに答えるものの一つとして、固体である石
炭を破砕し、これを流体と均一に混合してスラリ
ー状となし、石油に準じて流体物として取扱う提
案がなされている。なかでも、石炭と水のスラリ
ーは大量かつ確実な石炭搬送方式として米国にお
いて実用例があるほか、これによる巨大計画が世
界各地で立案されているなど、有望な手段である
と考えられている。 As one solution to this problem, a proposal has been made to crush solid coal, mix it uniformly with a fluid to form a slurry, and treat it as a fluid in the same way as petroleum. Among these, slurry of coal and water is considered to be a promising method, as it has been put to practical use in the United States as a method for transporting large amounts of coal reliably, and large-scale projects using this method are being planned around the world.
しかし、この石炭−水スラリーには多量の原水
の確保と搬送終点もしくは燃焼前での大規模な脱
水と排水の処理が前提となる。このために、地域
によつてはその計画路線の隘路となる場合が多
い。したがつて、混合水量をできるだけ少なくし
た高濃度スラリーを作ることが望まれる。（混合
水量を充分に少なくした高濃度スラリーは、石油
に替わる流体燃料として直接炉内に吹込むことが
できるよう炉側からの研究も進められている。）
だが、混合水量を少なくすればスラリーの流動性
が低下し、取扱い面でも、燃料としてもその機能
を喪失する。 However, this coal-water slurry requires securing a large amount of raw water and large-scale dewatering and wastewater treatment at the end of transportation or before combustion. For this reason, it often becomes a bottleneck for planned routes in some areas. Therefore, it is desirable to create a highly concentrated slurry with as little amount of mixed water as possible. (Research from the furnace side is also progressing so that highly concentrated slurry with a sufficiently reduced amount of mixed water can be directly injected into the furnace as a fluid fuel instead of oil.)
However, if the amount of mixed water is reduced, the fluidity of the slurry will decrease, and it will lose its functionality both in terms of handling and as a fuel.
一般に、破砕された石炭粉は粒度分布を適正に
調整した場合においても、石炭／スラリー比を重
量で約55％より高くすると、スラリーは粘土状と
なつて固形化し、管路輸送は困難となる。これ
は、破砕された石炭は粒子形状が角ばつているこ
と、また石炭は疎水性であり、粒子表面が水に対
する濡れ性に欠けることなどの理由により、所定
の水量に満たないとその流動性が著しく低下する
ようになると考えられている。そこで、界面活性
剤などの化学薬剤を添加して石炭粒子表面の水に
対する性質を改善し、粒子間の相互移動を容易に
することによつて、少ない水量で流動性を良好に
する方法などが既に提案されている。しかし、こ
のような化学薬剤を主体とするものを燃料物質に
添加することは、燃料設備や排煙性状に影響を及
ぼすおそれがあると共に、巨大量のスラリー量を
取扱う関係上、その副次作用が累積することも覚
悟せねばならず、またこのような化学薬剤は、一
般に高価であり大量消費には適さない。 In general, even if the particle size distribution of crushed coal powder is properly adjusted, if the coal/slurry ratio is higher than about 55% by weight, the slurry becomes clay-like and solidifies, making it difficult to transport through pipes. . This is because the particle shape of crushed coal is angular, and coal is hydrophobic, so the particle surface lacks wettability with water. It is believed that this will result in a significant decline in Therefore, there are methods to improve fluidity with a small amount of water by adding chemical agents such as surfactants to improve the properties of the surface of coal particles against water and facilitating mutual movement between particles. Already proposed. However, adding such chemical-based substances to fuel materials may affect fuel equipment and smoke exhaust properties, and since a huge amount of slurry is handled, it may cause side effects. One must also be prepared for the accumulation of chemicals, and such chemical agents are generally expensive and unsuitable for mass consumption.
本発明は、このような問題の付随する化学薬剤
の使用による石炭粒子の水に対する濡れ性改善処
法によらずとも、石炭−水スラリーの流動性を高
め、ひいては添加水量の低減を図ることを目的と
してなされたものである。 The present invention aims to improve the fluidity of a coal-water slurry and reduce the amount of water added, without using chemical agents that are associated with such problems to improve the wettability of coal particles with water. It was done for a purpose.
粉砕された石炭を水に分散させた石炭−水スラ
リーを得るにさいし、平均粒径が0.5mm以下のフ
ライアツシユを石炭と水の合計重量に対して10重
量％以下の量で該スラリーに配合することを特徴
とする流動性のよい高濃度石炭−水スラリーの製
法を提供するものである。このフライアツシユ
は、微粉炭燃焼ボイラーの煙道ガスから採取され
るが、これは石炭中に含まれている灰分が燃焼時
に溶融し、これが燃焼ガスに同伴して煙道に達
し、温度降下時にその表面張力によつて球形とな
つて凝固したものであり、極く微量の未燃焼炭素
等の非球形粒子を含むが、直径が0.1mm以下の実
質上球形の微粒子からなつている。その成分は
SiO2が多く、通常は45重量％以上がSiO2であ
る。（このフライアツシユは他の類似粉末に比べ
て、品質・量ともに安定入手が可能で、かつ廉価
でもある。）
一方においてこのフライアツシユは、石炭を石
油代替エネルギー源として活用する場合に不可避
的に大量発生することが予想され、その利用を少
しでも多く図ることが石炭使用プロジエクトの大
きな課題とされており、したがつて本発明によれ
ば、この課題にも答え得るものであつて、フライ
アツシユの新しい用途を見い出した点においても
非常に有益である。加えて、このフライアツシユ
の新しい用途が石炭活用プロジエクトの中で見い
出されたことは、その回収と一部の再利用が一元
的になされ得ることになり、一石二鳥の効果があ
る。 When obtaining a coal-water slurry in which pulverized coal is dispersed in water, fly ash with an average particle size of 0.5 mm or less is added to the slurry in an amount of 10% by weight or less based on the total weight of coal and water. The present invention provides a method for producing a highly concentrated coal-water slurry with good fluidity. This fly ash is collected from the flue gas of a pulverized coal-fired boiler.The ash contained in the coal is melted during combustion, and it reaches the flue along with the combustion gas, and when the temperature drops, it melts. It solidifies into a spherical shape due to surface tension, and although it contains a very small amount of non-spherical particles such as unburned carbon, it is made up of essentially spherical fine particles with a diameter of 0.1 mm or less. Its ingredients are
It is high in SiO2 , usually 45% by weight or more of SiO2 . (Compared to other similar powders, this fly ash is stably available in both quality and quantity, and is also inexpensive.) On the other hand, this fly ash is unavoidably produced in large quantities when coal is used as an energy source to replace oil. It is expected that coal will be used as much as possible, and it is a major challenge for coal-using projects to increase its utilization as much as possible.Therefore, the present invention can solve this problem and create new uses for fly ash. It is also very useful in that it has been discovered. In addition, the discovery of a new use for fly ash in a coal utilization project means that its recovery and partial reuse can be done centrally, which has the effect of killing two birds with one stone.
このようにして本発明は、フライアツシユのよ
うな硝子状の実質的に球形の微粒子群を主体とし
てなる化学的および物理的に不活性な微粉末を、
石炭−水スラリーに添加して少ない添加水量で良
好な流動性を得るものであるが、その添加量は石
炭と水の合計量に対して10重量％以下の量でよ
く、フライアツシユの場合、５重量％程度の添加
量でも、後記実施例に示すように、無添加の場合
と同等の流動特性が約10％程度水の添加量を少な
くしても得ることができる。このような化学的、
物理的に安定な微粉末の添加によつて、石炭−水
スラリーの流動特性が改善される理由は、この微
粒子が石炭粒子間に水と共に介在してベアリング
材として作用し、これによつて石炭粒子の相互移
動が容易となり、少ない水量でも所要の流動性を
有するスラリーとなるものと考えられる。この
点、従来の化学薬剤によるものが、石炭粒子の水
に対する濡れ性改善を行なうのとは、その流動性
改善機構が基本的に異なるものであると推察され
ると共に、本発明による添加剤は、スラリー中も
しくは大気中でその効果が変化することがなく、
長期貯蔵や長期使用に耐えると同時に、使い易さ
の点において化学薬剤では得られない利点を有
し、かつ価格的にも格段に有利である。また、石
炭燃焼時にも、硝子状粉の成分は、もともと石炭
に含有される灰分と同質のものであるので、ボイ
ラー設備や排ガス設備に別段の影響を与えること
がない点でも有利であり、既存の設備で対応が可
能で、かつ特別な排煙対策も不要であるなど、非
常に数多くの利益が享受できる。 In this way, the present invention provides a chemically and physically inert fine powder consisting mainly of glass-like, substantially spherical fine particles such as fly ash.
It is added to coal-water slurry to obtain good fluidity with a small amount of added water, but the amount added can be 10% by weight or less based on the total amount of coal and water. Even when the amount of water added is on the order of 10% by weight, as shown in the examples below, the same flow characteristics as in the case without the addition can be obtained even if the amount of water added is reduced by about 10%. Such chemical,
The reason why the flow characteristics of the coal-water slurry are improved by adding physically stable fine powder is that these fine particles interpose together with water between the coal particles and act as a bearing material, thereby increasing the It is thought that mutual movement of particles becomes easier, and a slurry having the required fluidity can be obtained even with a small amount of water. In this respect, it is presumed that the fluidity improvement mechanism is fundamentally different from that of conventional chemical agents that improve the water wettability of coal particles, and the additive according to the present invention , its effect does not change in slurry or atmosphere,
It can withstand long-term storage and long-term use, has advantages that chemical agents cannot provide in terms of ease of use, and is significantly advantageous in terms of price. In addition, even during coal combustion, the components of the glassy powder are of the same quality as the ash originally contained in the coal, so it is advantageous in that it does not have any particular impact on boiler equipment or exhaust gas equipment. It can be handled with the same equipment as in the past, and there are many benefits such as no special smoke exhaust measures required.
以下に本発明の実施例を挙げる。 Examples of the present invention are listed below.
粒径３mm以下に破砕された微粉炭と、粒径20〜
30μｍのフライアツシユと、水とからなる混合物
を、その混合比率を適当に変えて第１図に示す容
器１に入れ、その流動特性を測定した。測定は、
容器１内の混合物２を撹拌するための撹拌翼３を
モーター４で回転させるさいに、その回転軸に取
付けた反射板５と反射式回転数計測機６とによつ
て、その回転数を計測すると同時に、モーター４
への電流量を電流計７によつて測定し、次式によ
つて撹拌必要トルク（Ｔ）を算出した。 Pulverized coal crushed to a particle size of 3 mm or less, and pulverized coal with a particle size of 20~
A mixture consisting of 30 μm fly ash and water was placed in a container 1 shown in FIG. 1 at an appropriate mixing ratio, and its flow characteristics were measured. The measurement is
When the stirring blade 3 for stirring the mixture 2 in the container 1 is rotated by the motor 4, the number of rotations is measured by the reflection plate 5 attached to the rotating shaft and the reflection type rotation speed measuring device 6. At the same time, motor 4
The amount of current flowing into the agitator was measured using an ammeter 7, and the required stirring torque (T) was calculated using the following formula.
Ｔ＝Ｋ・Ｉ／ｎ
ただし、Ｔ；トルク（Kg−cm）
Ｋ；撹拌機固有係数
Ｉ；電流(A)
ｎ；回転数（rpm）
第２図および第３図に測定結果の代表値を示
す。両図における縦軸は、水のみの場合のトルク
に対する混合物のトルクの比（トルク比）で表わ
してある。また、両図において破線イは、フライ
アツシユを添加しない場合の対照例、実線ロはフ
ライアツシユを混合物全量に対して５重量％添加
したときの値である。第２図は水量比（水量／全
重量）とトルク比の関係を、また第３図は石炭比
（石炭量／全重量）との関係を整理したものであ
るが、これらから明らかなように、フライアツシ
ユ無添加のスラリー（破線）に対してフライアツ
シユ添加スラリーは、同じレベルの流動特性が少
量の水添加量（約10％程度少ない）で得られ、ま
た石炭量の増加にも有効であることがわかる。し
たがつて、本発明によると、流動性のよい高濃度
の石炭−水スラリーが得られ、輸送効率の向上と
燃焼の前工程で脱水等の省力、省設備が達成でき
ることが明らかである。 T=K・I/n Where, T: Torque (Kg-cm) K: Stirrer specific coefficient I: Current (A) n: Rotational speed (rpm) Figures 2 and 3 show typical values of the measurement results. show. The vertical axes in both figures represent the ratio of the torque of the mixture to the torque of water alone (torque ratio). Furthermore, in both figures, the broken line A indicates a control example in which fly ash was not added, and the solid line B indicates the value when fly ash was added in an amount of 5% by weight based on the total amount of the mixture. Figure 2 shows the relationship between water volume ratio (water volume/total weight) and torque ratio, and Figure 3 organizes the relationship between coal ratio (coal volume/total weight).As is clear from these figures, , compared to the slurry without fly ash (dashed line), the same level of fluidity properties can be obtained with the addition of a small amount of water (approximately 10% less), and the slurry with fly ash added is also effective in increasing the amount of coal. I understand. Therefore, it is clear that according to the present invention, a highly concentrated coal-water slurry with good fluidity can be obtained, and it is possible to improve transportation efficiency and save labor and equipment such as dehydration in the pre-combustion process.
第１図は石炭−水スラリーの流動特性測定法を
説明するための機器配置図、第２図は水量比とト
ルク比との関係図、第３図は石炭比とトルク比と
の関係図である。
Figure 1 is an equipment layout diagram for explaining the method for measuring the flow characteristics of coal-water slurry, Figure 2 is a diagram of the relationship between water volume ratio and torque ratio, and Figure 3 is a diagram of the relationship between coal ratio and torque ratio. be.
Claims (1)
ラリーを得るにさいし、平均粒径が0.5mm以下の
フライアツシユを石炭と水の合計重量に対して10
重量％以下の量で該スラリーに配合することを特
徴とする流動性のよい高濃度石炭−水スラリーの
製法。1. When obtaining a coal-water slurry by dispersing pulverized coal in water, add fly ash with an average particle size of 0.5 mm or less to the total weight of coal and water.
A method for producing a highly concentrated coal-water slurry with good fluidity, characterized in that the amount of coal-water slurry is blended into the slurry in an amount of not more than % by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9814082A JPS58215492A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1982-06-08 | Preparation of concentrated coal/water slurry with good fluidity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9814082A JPS58215492A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1982-06-08 | Preparation of concentrated coal/water slurry with good fluidity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58215492A JPS58215492A (en) | 1983-12-14 |
| JPS628478B2 true JPS628478B2 (en) | 1987-02-23 |
Family
ID=14211913
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9814082A Granted JPS58215492A (en) | 1982-06-08 | 1982-06-08 | Preparation of concentrated coal/water slurry with good fluidity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58215492A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02281306A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-11-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Hot water supply device |
| JPH0868543A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1996-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Equipment for mixing hot water with water |
| JP2658876B2 (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1997-09-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Hot water mixing equipment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57174394A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-10-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Coal slurry composition |
-
1982
- 1982-06-08 JP JP9814082A patent/JPS58215492A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57174394A (en) * | 1981-04-22 | 1982-10-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Coal slurry composition |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02281306A (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1990-11-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Hot water supply device |
| JP2658876B2 (en) * | 1994-06-20 | 1997-09-30 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Hot water mixing equipment |
| JPH0868543A (en) * | 1995-09-25 | 1996-03-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Equipment for mixing hot water with water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58215492A (en) | 1983-12-14 |
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