JPS6272864A - Method for covering wall surface - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Field) The present invention relates to excavated walls in the construction of tunnels for roads, waterways, sewers, pipes, etc.; excavated walls in the excavation of mountains, hills, general ground, etc.; This invention relates to a method of lining walls such as exterior walls with concrete or cement mortar.

(Prior Art) As one of the lining methods for providing a lining wall by covering a wall surface such as an excavated wall or an external wall with a lining material containing cement, a quick-setting agent is used to rapidly set the cement. There is a so-called spraying method in which water and the above-mentioned lining material are mixed and the mixture is sprayed onto the wall surface.

This type of spraying method is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 58-27992, Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 57-2093F18, and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 58-143.
As described in publications such as No. 098, a liquid mixture, ie, slurry, made of cement and aggregate mixed with covering material water, and the quick-setting agent are combined with a spray nozzle, and the slurry and the quick-setting agent are sprayed together. A wet method in which a binder mixture is sprayed onto the wall surface from the nozzle; There is a dry method in which a mixture of slurry and the quick-setting agent is sprayed onto the wall surface from the nozzle.

The quick-setting agents used in this type of spraying method are those whose main components are aluminates such as calcium aluminate, alkali aluminate, alkali carbonate, and the like.

However, with the conventional spraying method, it is possible to install a lining wall on a wall surface with no free water, such as spring water or running water, which is M away from the wall surface to be lined, but it is possible to install a lining wall on a wall surface with a lot of free water. It is difficult to put up walls.

For this reason, in the conventional spraying method, when installing a lining wall on a wall surface where there is an alternation of walls with little free water and walls with a lot of free water, it is difficult to install a lining wall on a wall surface with a lot of free water. In this case, treatment must be taken to temporarily cut off free water.
The work is complicated and the work efficiency is low.

(Object of the invention) The present invention is! ! To provide a method for lining a wall surface which can provide a lining wall without treating water and has high work efficiency.

(Structure of the Invention) What is not yet invented is a lining material containing cement, water, a first quick-setting agent selected from acrylates and methacrylates,
a first lining material containing a polymerization catalyst for the first quick-setting agent, or a first lining material selected from the lining material, the water, and a quick-setting agent other than the first quick-setting agent; and a second accelerating agent.
A method for lining a wall surface by selecting a lining material according to the amount of M6 water on the wall surface and supplying it to a nozzle, and spraying the lining material from the nozzle onto the wall surface to form a lining wall on the wall surface. when there is little free water on the wall surface, stopping the supply of the first quick-setting agent and polymerization catalyst to the nozzle;
The second quick-setting agent is supplied to the nozzle in place of the first quick-setting agent and the polymerization catalyst, and when there is a large amount of free water on the wall surface, the second quick-setting agent is not supplied to the nozzle. Then, instead of the second quick-setting agent, the first quick-setting agent and the polymerization catalyst are supplied to the nozzle.

(Effect of the invention) According to the present invention, when there is little free water on the wall surface to be lined, the spraying stops the supply of the first quick-setting agent and the polymerization catalyst to the nozzle, and the first quick-setting agent and a second substitute for the polymerization catalyst.
However, when there is a large amount of free water on the wall surface, the supply of the second quick-setting agent to the nozzle is stopped, and instead of the second quick-setting agent, the second quick-setting agent is supplied to the nozzle. to supply the first quick-setting agent and the polymerization catalyst to the nozzle,
When the amount of free water on the wall surface changes during lining, the lining wall can be installed simply by switching the chemical supplied to the nozzle. Especially, even if the amount of free water on the wall surface increases, it is possible to install a lining wall. A strong and stable lining wall can be provided without any treatment, thus improving work efficiency and reducing costs.

(Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below.

Cement Various types of cement can be used, such as Portland cement, alumina cement, blast furnace cement, and white cement, but common Portland cement is preferred because of its ease of availability.

Lining materials Lining materials containing cement often contain aggregates such as sand and gravel in addition to cement. In view of the strength of the wall and the strength of adhesion to the wall surface, it is preferable to use it in the form of a powder mixture.

First Accelerating Agent The first accelerating agent is either an acrylate or a methacrylate that polymerizes to form a polyacrylate or a polymethacrylate upon mixing with an oxidizing agent. Salts in these drugs include alkali metal salts, alkali metal salts, aluminum salts, etc., and magnesium salts are most preferred in the present invention.

Preferably, the acrylate or methacrylate is used in the form of an aqueous solution. The concentration of acrylate or methacrylate in the composition for lining walls is preferably 10 to 50% by weight, particularly 15 to 50% by weight of the solution excluding water accompanying the aggregate. More preferably, the content is 45% by weight.

If the concentration of acrylate or methacrylate in the solution is less than 10%, the adhesion to the wall surface will be insufficient and the initial strength after curing will be weak, so that the resulting wall lining will not function properly. does not have If the concentration exceeds 50%, the viscosity increases and acrylate or methacrylate crystals precipitate, making it difficult to use, which is not preferable.

Polymerization Catalyst The catalyst for the polymerization of the first quick-setting agent, ie, acrylate or methacrylate, generally consists of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent.

The oxidizing agent is an initiator for the polymerization reaction of the acrylate or methacrylate, and is preferably water-soluble. Such an oxidizing agent includes hydrogen peroxide or a water-soluble hydrogen peroxide-forming oxidizing agent. There are sexual compounds. Water-soluble compounds that generate hydrogen peroxide include persulfates such as sodium percarbonate, sodium percarbonate, ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, and sodium persulfate. However, over 8m
Since ammonium produces ammonia as a by-product in the presence of cement, it is preferable to avoid using it in poorly ventilated areas.

The oxidizing agent may be added to the aqueous solution of acrylate or methacrylate, or the aqueous solution of the oxidizing agent may be combined with the aqueous solution of the first quick setting agent or the water supplied to the nozzle and then supplied to the nozzle. You can also.

A reducing agent is used in combination with an oxidizing agent in the polymerization of acrylates or methacrylates, and since cement has the same function, it is preferable, although not necessarily required, to be used in combination with an oxidizing agent.

In other words, an oxidizing agent alone can polymerize acrylate or methacrylate when cement is present, but if you want to shorten the curing time, the curing time may be longer depending on the temperature of the work site, etc. In some cases, it is used in combination with a reducing agent. It is desirable that the reducing agent is also water soluble.

When using an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent in combination, it is preferable that the aqueous solution of the oxidizing agent be combined with the aqueous solution of the acrylate or methacrylate, and the aqueous solution of the reducing agent be combined with the water to be combined with the lining material.

Reducing agents used in conjunction with oxidizing agents include jetanolamine, triethanolamine, hydrazine, hydroxylamine, diethylaminopropionitrile, dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylamine propatool, piperazine,
Examples include amines such as morpholine and their salts, ferrous salts, alkali sulfites, thiosulfates, thiourea, sodium erythorbate, Rongalite, and the like. The combination of oxidizing agent and reducing agent and the amount used will affect the curing time of the lining wall, the adhesive strength of the lining wall to the wall surface, the strength of the lining wall, etc., so the geology, environment, and temperature of the work site will be affected. Select based on the following conditions.

Second quick-setting agent The second quick-setting agent is a quick-setting agent other than acrylate or methacrylate, and is used in conventional dry spraying such as calcium aluminate, alkali aluminate, or alkali carbonate. An quick-setting agent containing as a main component can be used.

The second quick-setting agent is also preferably a water-soluble drug.

The second quick-setting agent is preferably supplied to the nozzle by spraying an aqueous solution containing the second quick-setting agent and combining it with the water supplied to the nozzle.

Mixing ratio The first lining material is a lining material containing cement, water, and fj51 selected from acrylate and methacrylate.
and a polymerization catalyst for the first quick-setting agent. Further, the second lining material includes the lining material, the water,
and a second quick-setting agent selected from quick-setting agents other than the first quick-setting agent.

In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use the lining material consisting of cement and aggregate in the form of a powder, since the cement-containing lining material and the first quick-setting agent are sprayed together in a nozzle. If the cement-containing lining material is used in powder form, the flowability of the mixture of cement-containing lining material and quick setting agent is not a problem. Therefore, the ratio of the solution of the first quick setting agent to the powder of the lining material excluding the adhering water, the sum of the solution of the polymerization catalyst and the adhering water to the aggregate may be small, and the volume ratio is 0.05~ 7, preferably 0.1-5, more preferably 0.1-3. If the volume ratio is less than 0.05, the surface of the cement or aggregate cannot be wetted, making it impossible to obtain a strong lining wall, and the resulting lining wall will have many voids, resulting in poor water-stopping properties. Furthermore, there is a risk that the adhesion to bedrock and ground may be weakened. The volume ratio is 7
If the temperature exceeds 100%, there will be no problems with water stopping or adhesion, but the gel properties of the polymerized first quick-setting agent (polyacrylate or polymethacrylate) will become noticeable, making it difficult to use a highly elastic coating. Although it is possible to obtain a construction wall, there is a risk that a strong lining wall cannot be obtained.

The curing time of the lining wall is generally 30 seconds or less, preferably 10 seconds or less, especially when spraying on walls with free water.
Since it is desired that the time is less than one second, by adjusting the types of oxidizing agent and reducing agent and their concentrations, it is possible to freely set and supply up to about one second. The curing time also depends on the temperature at the work site.

The second quick-setting agent can be used in the same manner as in the conventional dry spraying method. Construction method When there is a lot of free water on the wall surface to be lined, the spraying increases the supply of the second quick-setting agent to the nozzle for medium + hours, and thoroughly mixes the lining material.
The aqueous solution containing the first quick setting agent and the oxidizing agent is combined with water at the nozzle, and these are simultaneously sprayed from the nozzle toward the wall surface. When a reducing agent is used in combination, the reducing agent may be included in the water.

When the amount of 1M water present on the wall surface to be lined is small, the spraying is carried out to reduce the supply of the first quick setting agent and polymerization catalyst to the nozzle.
First, the thoroughly kneaded lining material, the aqueous solution containing the second quick-setting agent, and water are combined in the nozzle and simultaneously sprayed from the nozzle toward the wall surface. It is preferable that the aqueous solution containing the second quick-setting agent be combined with the water before the nozzle.

In the present invention, the lining material and water are supplied to the nozzle regardless of whether there is much or little free water on the wall surface to be lined. On the other hand, the quick-setting agent is selected depending on the amount of the '1lra water. Therefore, if the first and second quick setting agents and the polymerization catalyst are supplied to the nozzle in the form of an aqueous solution containing them, the supply of the aqueous solution to the nozzle can be controlled by /help, and the The medicine supplied to the nozzle can be easily switched.

As an apparatus for carrying out the present invention, NATM (N
ew Au5trian Tunneling Met
Dry spraying, which is used in the tunnel construction method called hod, can be used with improved machinery.

The thickness of the spraying, that is, the thickness of the lining wall, varies depending on the purpose of the construction. When the thickness exceeds 2 to 3 cm, it is preferable to perform so-called overlapping spraying, in which spraying is performed in multiple steps.

A lining device 10 shown in the drawings includes a mixer 14 for dry kneading the lining material 12, and a spray nozzle 16. Lining material 1
2 consists of cement and aggregate, which are mixed by a mixer 14 and transferred to the machine 20 by a belt conveyor 18.

Compressed air is sent to the spraying machine 20 from a compressor 22 through a pipe 24, and the lining material 12 transferred to the spraying machine 2o is sent to the nozzle 16 via the pipe 26 by the spraying machine 20. .

The nozzle 16 is sprayed with water 30 in a tank 28, a second quick-setting agent 34 in a tank 32, and a reducing agent 38 in a tank 36.
are sent through pipes 46, 48° 50 by booster pumps 40, 42, 44, respectively, and are also sent to tank 52.
The quick setting agent 54 in the tank 56 and the oxidizing agent 58 in the tank 56 are sent through the vibros 2, 64, 66 by the booster pump 60, and compressed air is further sent from the compressor 22 through the vibro 8. pipes 24, 46,
48, 50, 66. 68 has valves 70, 72, 74
, 76.78.80 are provided.

During operation of the lining device 10, when there is a large amount of water flowing on the wall surface 82 to be lined, the valve 74 is closed while all other valves are opened. For this reason, lining material 12, water 28.
The reducing agent 38, quick setting agent 54, and oxidizing agent 58 are sprayed together at the nozzle 16, and then sprayed simultaneously from the nozzle 16 toward the wall surface 82, thereby forming a lining wall 84 on the wall surface 82. Ru.

On the other hand, when there is little water flowing on the wall surface 82, the valve 7
6.78 is closed and all other valves are opened. Therefore, instead of the reducing agent 38, the quick setting agent 54, and the oxidizing agent 58, a second quick setting agent 34 is supplied to the spray nozzle 16 together with the lining material 12 and water 28, and these are combined in the nozzle 16. After that, the spray is simultaneously applied from the nozzle 16 toward the wall surface 82, thereby forming a lining wall 84 on the wall surface 82.

Construction example As lining material 12, unit cement) i360Kg/m3.
Fine aggregate ratio 70%, fine aggregate 1180Kg (surface water ratio 4%)
and a dry mixture obtained by dry kneading 510 kg/m3 of coarse aggregate, a 35% aqueous solution of magnesium acrylate as an accelerating agent 54, 56 n/m3, and an oxidizing agent 58
20% aqueous solution of sodium persulfate 1441/m3
, a 10% aqueous solution of sodium erythorbate (15Q/m3) as the reducing agent 38, and a 45% aqueous solution of aluminate as the second quick-setting agent.First, open the valves other than the valve 74, and remove the lining material. 12. A rapid setting agent 54, an oxidizing agent 58, and a reducing agent 38 are supplied together with compressed air to the nozzle 16, from which they are delivered at a rate of 1/m2.
00Q/min of spring water is sprayed onto the first wall surface, and the first
The walls of the building were lined. Valve 76.78 is then closed;
Instead, the valve 74 is opened and the lining material 12 is fed to the nozzle.
, water 28 and a second quick-setting agent are passed through the nozzle 1 along with compressed air.
6 and feed them from the nozzle at 10u per m2.
There was a spring water of 1/2 min and it was sprayed onto the second wall following the first wall to line the wall.

As a result, strong lining walls could be provided on the first and second wall surfaces.

As comparative example lining material 12, unit cement was 1360 kg/m3,
Fine aggregate ratio 70%, fine aggregate 1180Kg (surface water ratio 4%)
Using a dry mixture obtained by dry kneading 510 kg/m3 of coarse aggregate and a 45% aqueous solution of potassium aluminate as a quick-setting agent, valves other than valve 76 and 78 were opened, lining material 12, water 28 and A second quick-setting agent is supplied together with compressed air to the nozzle 16, from which they are
First, spray on the first wall where there is spring water of 1 oon/min per 1 m2, then spray on the second wall where there is spring water of 10 oon/min per 1 m2 and which follows the first wall to cover both walls. It was lined.

As a result, a strong lining wall could be provided on the second wall surface, but a lining wall could not be provided on the first wall surface.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The accompanying drawings are diagrams schematically showing a suitable lining device for use in carrying out the present invention. 1O: Lining device, 12: Lining material, 14: Mixer, 16: Nozzle for spraying. 20: Spraying machine, 22: Compressor, 30: Water,
34: Second rapid setting agent, 38: Reducing agent, 54:
First quick setting agent, 58 dioxide agent.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A first material containing a lining material containing cement, water, a first quick-setting agent selected from acrylates and methacrylates, and a polymerization catalyst for the first quick-setting agent. lining material,
Alternatively, a second lining material containing the lining material, the water, and a second quick-setting agent selected from quick-setting agents other than the first quick-setting agent is applied to the amount of free water on the wall surface. A method for lining a wall surface in which a lining material is selectively supplied to a spray nozzle and a lining material is sprayed from the nozzle onto the wall surface to form a lining wall on the wall surface, when there is little free water on the wall surface. stops supplying the first quick-setting agent and polymerization catalyst to the nozzle, supplies the second quick-setting agent to the nozzle in place of the first quick-setting agent and polymerization catalyst, and When there is a large amount of free water in the
A method for lining a wall surface, characterized in that the first quick-setting agent and the polymerization catalyst are supplied to the nozzle instead of the quick-setting agent. (2) After the water is added to the lining material, the first
The method for lining a wall surface according to claim 1, wherein an aqueous solution of an accelerating agent and an aqueous solution of a polymerization catalyst are combined. (3) The polymerization catalyst is a polymerization initiator, and after the aqueous solution of the polymerization initiator is combined with the aqueous solution of the first quick-setting agent,
The wall surface lining method according to claim (2), which supplies the wall surface to the nozzle. (4) The polymerization catalyst is composed of an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent or an aqueous solution and a reducing agent, and the aqueous solution of the oxidizing agent is
After combining with an aqueous solution of an accelerating agent, supplying it to the nozzle,
The method for lining a wall surface according to claim 2, wherein the aqueous solution of the reducing agent is supplied to the nozzle after being combined with the water. (5) the second quick-setting agent is a water-soluble aluminate;
The method for lining a wall surface according to claim 1, wherein the aqueous solution is mixed with the water and then supplied to the nozzle.