JPS62659B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a fish bone selection method and apparatus for removing various foreign substances from fish bones to leave only the bones.

Fish bones originally contain a large amount of calcium, so if foreign substances such as meat pieces, dorsal vertebral muscles, kidneys, and gelatin can be removed, they can be processed into powder and used as a calcium supplement. Yes, but
Since no method has yet been developed to remove the above-mentioned foreign substances, fish bones have been used only as feed and fertilizer with low added value.

The present invention was developed in consideration of this current situation, and involves separating the inner bones of fish into individual balls, cutting and releasing the dorsal vertebrae muscles, kidneys, meat pieces, etc. Next, the separated jade bones are sieved while pouring water to remove foreign substances, and the foreign substances removed are crushed to a particle size suitable for subsequent processing, and the jade bones are crushed. The foreign matter remaining attached to the bone is released, and the crushed bone is rinsed with a swirling flow to remove the foreign matter, leaving only the crushed bone. When this is dried and powdered, it can be used as calcium for medicines, nutrients, foods, etc. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for selecting fish bones, which can be used as a reinforcing agent and therefore have a significantly higher added value than feed or fertilizer.

Next, the configuration of an apparatus for carrying out the method related to the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

The backbone 1 to be processed by this device is shown in Figure 9.
The ball bones A as shown in Figures 1 and 10 are connected as shown in Figure 8 of the drawing, and small bones L protrude above and below each ball bone A, and at the base of the upper ossicle B, As shown in Figure 8, the dorsal vertebrae muscles C are attached, the kidneys D are held between the lower ossicles L and the crotch, and pieces of meat are attached here and there to the upper and lower ossicles L. As shown in Figure 9, there is a gelatinous layer between each ball bone. Therefore, processing of this backbone 1 is performed by first separating the ball bones A, and the ball bone separator A used for this process is installed inside the drum 2 at the center as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. Backbone support rods 3 projecting centripetally toward the drum 2 are attached at predetermined intervals, and a rotating shaft 4 is passed through the center of the drum 2, and is positioned between the center support rods 3 on this rotational shaft 4. Crushing blades 5 are installed radially, and the crushing blades 5 are twisted to send the fish bones toward the outlet 6 of the drum 2, and on the opposite side of the drum 2 from the outlet 6,
A feed tube 8 with a hopper 7 through which the rotary shaft 4 passes is arranged in series, a feed screw 9 attached to the rotary shaft 4 is disposed therein, and the chain 1 is connected to the rotary shaft 4.
0 transmits the rotation of the motor 11 to rotate the feed screw 9 and the crushing blade 5. 12
A chute provided below the outlet 6 of the drum 2 sends the balls sent out from the outlet 6 to a relay conveyor 13. The sieving washing machine that performs the next processing is provided with a rotating sieve barrel 15 supported by a shaft 16 in a cover case 14, as shown in FIG. A spiral 18 is attached to the outer periphery to send the small bones collected in the cover case 14 to the outlet 19. A hopper 21 is provided to receive the separated beads and feed them into the rotating sieve tube 15, and a motor 2 is connected to the shaft 16 by a chain 22.
3 is transmitted to rotate the rotating sieve barrel 15.
Reference numeral 24 denotes a water injection means provided above the rotary sieve tube 15 to pour washing water through the rotary sieve tube 15 onto the inner beads. Reference numeral 25 designates an overflow port provided on the rear wall of the cover casing 14, through which water accumulated in the cover casing 14 is discharged into the drain gutter 26 by water injection, and a constant level of washing water is maintained within the cover casing 14 to perform this washing. The rotary sieve barrel 15 is made to rotate by immersing its lower part in water. 27 is the outlet 1 in the rotating sieve tube 15
A chute provided below 7 transfers the balls sent out from the outlet 17 to a relay conveyor 28. 29
is a screw-type pick-up conveyor connected to the above-mentioned small bone outlet 19, and is installed inside the inclined case 30 to carry up the small bone and send it out from the outlet 31 provided at the upper end of the case 30.

The crusher C that performs the following processing is shown in its entirety as shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, and as shown in an enlarged vertical cross-section of the main part in Figure 5 of the drawings, it is installed in an annular shape inside the upper opening/closing part 33 of the casing 32. A fixed receiving blade 35 with a hopper 34 visible in the center thereof and a motor 3 are formed.
The rotary crushing blades 38 attached to the rotor 37 rotated by the rotor 6 are meshed with each other as shown in FIG. Fixed receiving blade 35
The gap between the double-edged blades 35 and 38 becomes smaller as the blades are brought closer to the casing 32, so that the bones are finely crushed. 39 to a receiving tank 40, and sent to the next step by a feed pipe 42 equipped with a pump 41. As shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, the sorting machine D that performs the following processing has a circular tank 43 mounted on a support frame 45 so as to be tiltable by means of pivots 44, 44 provided oppositely on both sides of the lower part of the circular tank 43. An impeller 47 rotated by a motor 46 is attached, and the rotation of this impeller 47 stirs the crushed bone with water to separate foreign substances that may be mixed in. After separation, the rotation of the impeller 47 is stopped to remove heavy substances. The light substances were allowed to settle to the bottom, and the light substances were allowed to float.The circular tank 43 was tilted by the handle 48, and only the floating light substances were attached to the circular tank 43 in the direction of inclination using the swirling flow inside the circular tank 43. The water is drained from the rectangular overflow part 49, leaving only the crushed bones, and the crushed bones are also subjected to enzyme treatment and bactericidal treatment.

To the hopper 7 of the ball bone separator A in the fish bone sorting device configured as described above, Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings are
As shown in the figure, boiled backbones 1 with back vertebrae muscles, kidneys, meat pieces, gelatin, etc. attached are put in as shown in FIG. Inside the drum 2, the crushing blades 5 repeatedly catch the backbone 1 and slam it against the backbone support rod 4, while twisting the backbone 1 to move it toward the outlet 6. 1 is broken from the joint of the ball bone A, separated into individual ball bones A, and removed to the gelatinous substance that existed between the ball bones A and A, and the kidneys that were connected along the middle bone 1 are removed. D. The back vertebrae muscles were torn off, and the pieces of meat were released from the small bones and shot from exit 6 to chute 12.
It is then sent to the relay conveyor 13.

The separated balls A and the attached materials, that is, dorsal vertebrae muscles, kidneys, pieces of meat, gelatin, etc., sent to the bucket conveyor 13 are covered up to the overflow port 25 by water injection from the water injection means 24. When the water accumulated in the casing 14 is fed into the rotating rotating sieve tube 15 and stirred by the rotation of the rotating sieve tube 15, the beads are mixed with each other and the rotating sieve tube 15. The attached materials C, D, E, and F are separated in the water, cleaned by washing with water, and sent toward the outlet 17 by the spiral 18 installed in the rotary sieve tube 15, which reaches the outlet 17. are sent to the bucket conveyor via the chute 27, while the attached materials separated into the water are
E and F pass through the mesh of the rotary sieve tube 15 to the cover case 14 while being sent to the outlet 17 by the spiral 18, and are sent to the overflow port 25 together with water by the spiral 20 installed externally to the rotary sieve tube 15. sent,
The small bones that are discharged from the overflow port 25 to the discharge gutter 26 and pass through the mesh of the rotating sieve tube 15 fall on the bottom surface of the cover case 14 and are sent to the outlet 19 by the external screw 20 of the rotating sieve tube 15. It is sent out from the outlet 19 to the screw conveyor 29. The small bones sent to the bucket conveyor 28 are directly fed into the hopper 34 in the crusher C, and the small bones sent to the screw conveyor 29 are fed to the hopper 34 by a relay conveyor (not shown in the drawing). When the balls are fed in, the balls A and B are fed between the fixed receiving blade 35 and the rotating crushing blade 38 in the casing 32, and are pinched by the double blades 35 and 38.
The particles are crushed to a particle size of ~5 mm, and the remaining adhesion materials are completely separated, and the resulting particles are sent to the receiving tank 40 through the outlet 39 provided at the lower part of the casing 32. This crushing operation needs to be carried out in a mixed manner in which water is present between the fixed receiving blade 35 and the rotating crushing blade 38, but the balls are transported to the bucket conveyor 28.
If the bucket is supplied with water, the bucket will supply an appropriate amount of water together with the ball bone, and wet crushing will be performed without any special water supply.

The crushed bone sent to the receiving tank 40 is transferred to the pump 41
The circular tank 43 of the sorting machine D is
When the impeller 47 is rotated at high speed after filling with water to an appropriate water level, a strong overflow is generated in the circular tank 47, and the oil mixed in the crushed bones is removed.
At this time, the light substances such as dorsal vertebrae muscles and pieces of meat are brought to the surface of the water, the medium substances such as kidney fragments and gelatin are suspended in the water, and the heavy substances of crushed bones are allowed to settle to the bottom, and the three types are differentiated. When the rotation of the impeller 47 is stopped, the vortex gradually weakens, and as a result, the heavy fish bones quickly accumulate at the bottom of the circular tank 43, while the medium and light substances continue to swirl on the vortex. Then, holding the handle 48 and tilting the circular tank 43 so that the overflowing part 49 is lowered, light and medium substances will be removed from the overflowing part 49.
Because it flows out with water from the circular tank 43
The impeller 47 is rotated and the crushed bone is stirred again by the vortex, and when the foreign matter mixed with the balls is discriminated as described above, the impeller 47 is stopped and the circular tank 43 is tilted to discharge the attached matter. By repeating this operation, crushed bone that is visually free of foreign substances can be obtained.

However, impurities that cannot be seen with the naked eye remain in the ball bone, and it is preferable to remove these as well.

Therefore, an enzyme agent of 02 to 1% WB and an appropriate amount of water were added to the crushed bones selected using the selection machine D, and 45
When heated to ~75°C and stirred occasionally, the protein is broken down by enzymes.

Once the protein has been decomposed, the treated water is drained, new water is added, and the process is repeated to stir and stop to remove the enzyme.
Furthermore, residual enzymes can easily cause decomposition, so after washing with water, the crushed bones are boiled to eliminate the enzymes.

Next, the treated bone was washed with water in the same manner as described above, and after washing with water,
Either add a food-grade disinfectant to sterilize the food, or
The bones are sterilized by boiling and then washed with water to obtain selected fish bones that do not contain any impurities.

The selected fish bones obtained in this way are dehydrated using a known centrifugal dehydrator using a dehydrating bag, and after dehydration, they are dried using a known multi-shelf dryer, and the crushed bones after drying are crushed using a known crusher. By performing the primary coarse grinding and the secondary grinding into a fine powder, a fine fish bone powder that can be used as a calcium supplement for medicines, nutrients, foods, etc. can be obtained.

Next, an example of a method related to the present invention will be described.

Example 1 600 kg of boiled bonito bones with the tail removed
The balls were sequentially sent to a ball bone separator to separate them into individual balls, and the attached dorsal vertebrae muscles, kidneys, etc. were cut and released, and the gelatinous material was removed.

Next, the separated tamakotsu and attached kimono were sent to a sieving and washing machine, and while the tamakotsu was washed, the attached kimono was sieved out to obtain a tamakotsu from which the attached kimono had been removed. The weight of this ball bone was 300 kg.

Next, the bones from which the appendages were removed were placed in a crusher, and while being crushed to an appropriate particle size, the dorsal vertebrae muscles and residual gelatin remaining in the bones were removed to obtain crushed bones.

Next, the crushed bones are put into a sorting machine, and the accretions are separated from the crushed bones by a vortex flow, and then drained out with the waste water. Selected fish bones with no visually observed accretions are obtained, and the weight of the bones is approx. The weight was 130Kg, and the recycling yield was approximately 21.7%.

The selected fish bones were dehydrated, dried to a moisture content of 5% or less, and processed into a powder product of 300 mesh using primary and secondary pulverization. The results of the component analysis of the powdered product were as shown below.

Example 2 Boiled back bone of dragonfly tuna with tail removed
600Kg was treated in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, this fish bone has a large middle bone, thick ossicles, and no kidney attachment, so we separated the middle bone and found that
There are 150 kg of crushed bone made by crushing and carefully selecting this jade bone.
The recovery yield was 25%.

As mentioned above, the method according to the present invention involves separating the middle bones of large fish such as bonito and tuna into individual balls using a ball bone separator. The dorsal vertebrae that runs through the bones are torn off and released from the middle bone.The gelatinous material interposed between each ball bone is also separated from the ball bone, and the ball bone is sieved and sent to a washing machine where it is washed with water and the removed parts are removed. The kimono is sieved and a clean jade bone is taken out, and this is crushed into appropriate particle size using a crusher, the dorsal vertebrae muscles that are inside the jade bone and difficult to remove are removed, and the remaining gelatinous material is also thoroughly removed. The crushed bones are sent to a sorting machine, and the difference in specific gravity between bones and appendages is used to remove only the appendages to obtain selected bones that are free from foreign matter. If it is dehydrated and dried, and after drying is processed into a powder using a pulverizer and a pulverizer, a high quality fine fish bone powder that can be used as a calcium supplement in medicines, nutritional supplements, foods, etc. can be obtained, and it can also be used as an addition to fish bone products. It has a unique effect on increasing value.

In particular, this method uses a ball separator that has a fixed receiving rod and rotating crushing blades in a drum, and a sieve washer that rotates a rotary sieve barrel with spirals inside and outside inside a covered casing while pouring water. A crusher with a fixed receiving blade and a rotary crushing blade installed in a casing, and a sorting machine with an impeller at the bottom of a tiltable circular tank and an overflow part on one side of the opening are connected in series by a conveyor etc. Since it is connected to the system, fish bone selection operations are performed continuously and automatically, which not only has a great effect on labor saving and efficiency, but also reduces equipment and maintenance costs. It also has a great effect on reducing product costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a central vertical sectional front view of a ball bone separator used to carry out the method according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view taken along the line X--X shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a front view showing the sieving and washing machine, the crushing machine, and the sorting machine, with only the sieving and sorting machine being cut away. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the YY line of the sieving washing machine in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a front view showing the crusher in FIG. 3 with a part cut away and a part taken longitudinally at the center. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the Z-Z line of the sorting machine in FIG. 3. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the same as above. Figure 8 is a side view showing the middle bone of the fish. FIG. 9 is a front view of the separated midbone. FIG. 10 is a side view of the same as above. In the figure, A is a ball bone separator, 2 is a drum, 3 is a backbone support rod, 4 is a rotating shaft, 9 is a feed screw, B is a ball bone sieving and washing machine, 14 is a cover case, and 15 is a rotating sieve tube. ,
18, 20 are inner and outer spirals, 24 is a water injection means, C is a ball crusher, 32 is a casing, 35
is a receiving blade, 38 is a crushing blade, D is a crushed bone selection machine, 4
3 is a circular tank, 47 is an impeller, and 49 is an overflow part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first step of separating the inner bones of the fish into individual balls, a second step of separating appendages from the balls that have passed through the first step, and finely dividing the balls that have passed through the second step. A method for selecting fish bones, comprising a third step of crushing and separating residual appendages, and a fourth step of removing foreign substances from the crushed bones that have passed through the third step. 2 Protruding central ribs at intervals on the inside of the drum,
A ball separator has a rotary shaft passed through the center of the drum, and a raw material feed screw and a crushing blade passing between the core receiving rods are attached to the rotary shaft, and a rotary sieve cylinder is installed in a covered casing. A sieving washer is equipped with spirals on the inside and outside, and a water injection means injects water into the beads in a rotating sieve barrel, a receiving blade fixed with a small gap in the casing, and a crushing blade rotated by a rotor. A method for selecting fish bones characterized by being equipped with a fish bone crusher equipped with a ball bone crusher, and a selector with an impeller installed at the bottom of a tiltable circular tank and an overflowing part protruding from one side of the opening. Device.