JPS6260923B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6260923B2 JPS6260923B2 JP56094525A JP9452581A JPS6260923B2 JP S6260923 B2 JPS6260923 B2 JP S6260923B2 JP 56094525 A JP56094525 A JP 56094525A JP 9452581 A JP9452581 A JP 9452581A JP S6260923 B2 JPS6260923 B2 JP S6260923B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- membrane element
- ribs
- header
- perforated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/501—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by diffusion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
- A61M1/1656—Apparatus for preparing dialysates
- A61M1/1658—Degasification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
- B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes
- B01D63/084—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes at least one flow duct intersecting the membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/14—Specific spacers
- B01D2313/146—Specific spacers on the permeate side
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0405—Purification by membrane separation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は重合体で作られた選択性の膜によつて
達成される液体及び気体の混合物の拡散分離法の
分野に係り、特に、気体及び液体混合物の分離に
役立つ膜要素と、該膜要素を用いる膜装置とに係
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of diffusive separation of liquid and gas mixtures achieved by selective membranes made of polymers, and is particularly useful for the separation of gas and liquid mixtures. The present invention relates to a membrane element and a membrane device using the membrane element.
本発明は化学、ガス、石油、医薬及びその他の
諸工業で特に有利に使用され、空気中の酸素成分
の濃化、気体混合物からヘリウムと水素との抽
出、水の脱塩、及び各種の気体及び液体の混合物
の分離のごとき諸工程に応用することができる。 The present invention is particularly advantageously used in the chemical, gas, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and other industries to enrich the oxygen component in the air, extract helium and hydrogen from gas mixtures, desalinate water, and extract various gases. It can be applied to processes such as separation of mixtures of liquids and liquids.
膜装置によつて酸素濃度を増加された空気は、
例えば医療及び化学反応を促進するための工程に
広く使用される。 The air whose oxygen concentration has been increased by the membrane device is
It is widely used, for example, in medicine and in processes to accelerate chemical reactions.
現在、膜装置は、前記の諸工程を達成するため
に広く応用されている。膜装置の製造は、今日、
混合物の分離効率の改善、膜装置並びにそれに用
いる要素の製造方法の簡易化及び使用可能期間の
延長についての問題に直面している。 At present, membrane devices are widely applied to accomplish the above steps. Today, the production of membrane equipment is
Problems are faced with improving the separation efficiency of mixtures, simplifying the manufacturing process of membrane devices and their components, and extending their useful life.
当業界においては、気体及び液体の混合物を分
離するための膜要素であつてそれらの技術的性質
においてここに提案された発明に似ているものが
多数知られている。 A number of membrane elements for separating gas and liquid mixtures are known in the art which are similar in their technical properties to the invention proposed herein.
ロール型の膜要素（1975年、モスクワ、化学出
版社、デイトネルスキー“液体混合物の分離にお
ける膜プロセス”第64頁及び第65頁参照）が知ら
れている。 Roll-type membrane elements (see Deitnersky, Membrane Processes in the Separation of Liquid Mixtures, pp. 64 and 65, Kagaku Publishing House, Moscow, 1975) are known.
前記先行技術の膜要素は、可撓性の多孔板と波
形にされた薄板とによつて仕切られた２枚の膜を
有し、諸要素は長手方向のスロツトを設けられた
管の周囲にコイル巻きにされている。 The prior art membrane element has two membranes separated by a flexible perforated plate and a corrugated lamina, the elements being arranged around a longitudinally slotted tube. It is wrapped in a coil.
前記要素の本質的欠点は、透過する混合物の流
れに及ぼす高い液圧抵抗による媒体の低い分離効
率と、製造工程が複雑であることである。 The essential disadvantages of said elements are the low separation efficiency of the media due to the high hydraulic resistance on the flow of the permeating mixture and the complexity of the manufacturing process.
膜要素が板・枠プレス形フイルタの形式にされ
ている膜装置は気体及び液体の混合物を分離する
ために工業的に広く使用されている。 Membrane devices in which the membrane elements are in the form of plate-and-frame pressed filters are widely used in industry for separating mixtures of gases and liquids.
また、圧力によつて作用される膜の支持体とし
て働らき、かつ透過する気体が流通可能の繊維質
材料または多孔材料（例えば、濾過紙）から製作
された分離板によつて隔てられた２枚の平らな膜
から作られた膜要素も当業界に知られている
（1972年）、トロント、R.E.レイシー及びS.ジヨー
ブ“膜を用いる工業的処理”参照）。 It also serves as a support for the pressure-actuated membrane and is separated by a separator plate made of a fibrous or porous material (e.g., filter paper) through which the permeating gas can flow. Membrane elements made from sheets of flat membranes are also known in the art (see ``Industrial Processing with Membranes'', Toronto, RE Lacey and S. Giob (1972)).
前記先行技術の膜要素は、多孔層の高い液圧抵
抗のために混合物の分離効率が低いので不利であ
る。前記要素の構造は膜のしわ寄りとその過度の
緊張状態とを防止できず、その結果として、要素
の耐用期間は、特に膜がガラス質の重合体から作
られる場合はかなり短かい。 Said prior art membrane elements are disadvantageous because of the low separation efficiency of the mixture due to the high hydraulic resistance of the porous layer. The structure of the element does not prevent the membrane from wrinkling and its overstressing, and as a result the service life of the element is rather short, especially if the membrane is made from a vitreous polymer.
本発明に最も近いのは、本願の発明者が原形と
見なしている多孔基板を中間に配した２枚の半透
膜を有する気体及び液体の混合物を分離する膜要
素である（1967年７月25日付けの米国特許第
3332216号、クラス55−158参照）。 The closest thing to the present invention is a membrane element for separating gas and liquid mixtures comprising two semipermeable membranes with a porous substrate in between, which the inventors of the present application consider to be original (July 1967). U.S. Patent No. 25
3332216, class 55-158).
前記要素の多孔基板は、方形にされた金属スク
リーンであつてその全長にわたつて、その中心軸
線に沿つて密着された薄い金属細長片を両側に有
するものとして形づくられている。前記２枚の金
属細長片と組立てられたスクリーンは、濾過紙の
ごとき繊維質材料から作られた殻即ちシエル内に
包囲されている。即ち要素を密閉するため、膜は
その端面において締付けられている。 The perforated substrate of the element is shaped as a rectangular metal screen flanked by thin metal strips adhered along its central axis along its entire length. The screen, assembled with the two metal strips, is enclosed within a shell made of a fibrous material such as filter paper. That is, the membrane is clamped at its end faces in order to seal the element.
前記膜要素は、多孔基板によつて生ずる高い液
圧抵抗により分離効率が低く、さらに異なる圧力
が膜に加えられるため膜に作用する荷重は均等で
ないので不利である。 Said membrane elements have the disadvantage of low separation efficiency due to the high hydraulic resistance created by the porous substrate, and also because different pressures are applied to the membrane so that the loads acting on the membrane are not uniform.
前記膜要素は金属スクリーンを使用するから、
膜に作用する異なつた圧力は膜を曲げ、その結果
として膜の引張りとその亀裂とを招き、微細な亀
裂は分離効果に大きな影響を及ぼし、膜要素の早
期破損の原因となつている。 Since the membrane element uses a metal screen,
The different pressures acting on the membrane bend the membrane, resulting in the tension of the membrane and its cracking, and the microscopic cracks have a great influence on the separation effect and cause premature failure of the membrane elements.
前記多孔基板を組込まれた膜要素の製造は多く
の労力と費用を要し、そしてそれを用いた装置
は、構造が複雑化し、費用が増加していた。 Manufacturing a membrane element incorporating the porous substrate requires a lot of labor and cost, and devices using the same have complicated structures and increased costs.
本発明の目的は、膜装置における膜要素の使用
が、高い装入密度で装置内に配設される膜内に組
込まれた多孔基板によつて生ずる流体圧を減じる
ことによつて気体及び液体の混合物の分離効率を
向上させ、微細亀裂を生じさせる膜の引張りを防
止するものであり、膜要素そのものの構造と膜装
置全体の構造とをともに簡易化するようにした多
孔基板を有する膜要素を提供することである。 It is an object of the present invention that the use of a membrane element in a membrane device allows the gas and liquid A membrane element with a porous substrate that improves the separation efficiency of the mixture and prevents membrane tension that would cause microcracks, and that simplifies both the structure of the membrane element itself and the structure of the entire membrane device. The goal is to provide the following.
以上の、及びその他の諸目的に鑑み、気体及び
液体の混合物の分離のための膜要素であつて、一
方の側面が平らで他方の側面がリブを形成され、
互いにそのリブ付きの側面を接して向かい合いか
つ一方のリブが他方のリブとほぼ90゜の角度で重
ねて設けられた２枚の多孔板の形式に構成された
多孔基板を間に配置された２枚の半透膜を有する
ものが本発明によつて提案される。 In view of the above and other objects, there is provided a membrane element for the separation of gas and liquid mixtures, one side of which is flat and the other side formed with ribs,
Two perforated substrates arranged in the form of two perforated plates facing each other with their ribbed sides touching and having one rib overlapping the other at an angle of approximately 90° are arranged between them. A device having two semipermeable membranes is proposed according to the invention.
膜要素の前記構造は多孔板間に通路を形成さ
せ、その結果として、流れる混合物に対する流体
圧抵抗は最小厚さの膜要素（0.7〜2.0mm）におい
てすら著しく減じられる。堅い多孔板の平坦側に
膜を取付けることは、膜の引張りとしわ寄りとを
防止するので、膜要素の耐用期間はかなり延長さ
れる。 Said structure of the membrane element allows passages to be formed between the perforated plates, so that the hydraulic resistance to the flowing mixture is significantly reduced even in the smallest thickness of the membrane element (0.7-2.0 mm). Mounting the membrane on the flat side of a rigid perforated plate prevents the membrane from stretching and wrinkling, so the service life of the membrane element is considerably extended.
膜要素の基板である多孔板は安価なプラスチツ
クから製造され、それによつて、膜要素の製造は
簡易化されかつその原価は低くなる。 The perforated plate, which is the substrate of the membrane element, is manufactured from inexpensive plastic, which simplifies the manufacture of the membrane element and reduces its cost.
前記膜要素は気体及び液体の混合物の分離のた
めの膜装置に使用することができる。 Said membrane element can be used in a membrane device for the separation of mixtures of gases and liquids.
本発明の膜要素を組込まれてた膜装置は、ケー
スと、カバーと、分離される混合物の供給と排出
のためのそれぞれの連結部と、前記ケース内に配
置されかつ平らな膜要素が装架されるヘツダとを
有し、前記ヘツダ上に、穴と止めとを形成されか
つ軸方向に一直線に設けられたブシユを介して、
前記膜要素を弾性を有するシエル内に包囲された
集積体の形式に組立てられるもので、前記シエル
は前記膜要素の端面と、前記カバーに形成され前
記集積体の周囲長さと同じ周囲長さを有する突出
部とに密着結合されているものである。 A membrane device incorporating a membrane element according to the invention comprises a case, a cover, respective connections for supplying and discharging the mixture to be separated, and a flat membrane element arranged in the case and equipped with a flat membrane element. a bushing having a header to be suspended, and having a hole and a stop formed on the header and provided in a straight line in the axial direction,
The membrane elements are assembled in the form of an assembly surrounded by an elastic shell, and the shell is formed on the end face of the membrane element and the cover and has a circumference that is the same as the perimeter of the assembly. It is tightly coupled to the protruding portion having the same shape.
前記膜装置内のヘツダの構造は、引張力が膜要
素に対して均一に分配されるから膜要素の信頼で
きる密閉状態を可能にし、要素端面とカバーの突
出部とに密着結合された前記弾性のシエルは、膜
の全面にわたつて、分離された混合物の均一の分
配を許し、混合物の高直線流量を保証し、それに
よつて、膜装置による混合物の分離効率と信頼性
とを最終的に向上させるとともに、製造時におい
て必要とされる労力を減じる。 The structure of the header in the membrane device allows a reliable sealing of the membrane element since the tensile forces are evenly distributed over the membrane element, and the elasticity is tightly coupled to the end face of the element and the protrusion of the cover. The shell allows uniform distribution of the separated mixture over the entire surface of the membrane and ensures a high linear flow rate of the mixture, thereby ultimately improving the separation efficiency and reliability of the mixture by the membrane device. improves performance and reduces the labor required during manufacturing.
膜装置の弾性シエルは、自己硬化性の重合化合
物（例えばエポキシ樹脂）を以て含浸された布か
ら作られる。 The elastic shell of the membrane device is made from a cloth impregnated with a self-curing polymeric compound (eg, an epoxy resin).
つぎに、添付図面と共に一特定実施例を参照し
てさらに詳細に本発明を説明する。 The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to one specific embodiment and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
図面の理解を容易にするため、前記膜装置は２
個の図面（第２図、第３図）に図示されている。 To facilitate understanding of the drawings, the membrane device is
It is illustrated in the following drawings (FIGS. 2 and 3).
第１図を参照すると、膜要素は例えばポリビニ
ルトリメチルシランから作られた多孔基板を中間
に配置した２枚の膜１から構成されている。 Referring to FIG. 1, the membrane element consists of two membranes 1 with a porous substrate 1 made of, for example, polyvinyltrimethylsilane placed in between.
膜要素の多孔基板は、片側が平らで反対側にリ
ブが形成された２枚の多孔の板２であつてそのリ
ブ付き側を接して互いに対面して一方のリブが他
方のリブとほぼ90゜の角度で設けられたものであ
る。 The perforated substrate of the membrane element consists of two perforated plates 2, flat on one side and ribbed on the opposite side, with their ribbed sides facing each other so that the ribs on one side are approximately 90° in contact with the ribs on the other side. It is set at an angle of .
板２の平坦側に前記膜１が取付けられ、他方の
リブ付き側は、濃化混合物を排出するための通路
を形成している。 Said membrane 1 is attached to the flat side of the plate 2, the other ribbed side forming a passage for draining the thickened mixture.
半透過性の膜１と多孔基板は膜要素の全周囲に
わたつて端縁３において密閉されている。 The semipermeable membrane 1 and the porous substrate are sealed at the edge 3 around the entire circumference of the membrane element.
膜要素はつぎのごとく作用する。 The membrane element functions as follows.
分離される混合物（例えば、大気）は圧縮され
て半透過性の膜１の表面に供給される。酸素と窒
素の透過度は異なるから、膜１は酸素を濃化され
た空気を通過させるとともに、板２の小孔を通つ
て、板２のリブ付き側に形成された通路を通る。
これらの通路は濃化された空気を穴４へ導き、穴
４から空気は膜装置のヘツダ９へ排出される。ヘ
ツダ９は、すぐ製品とされる生成物を提供する。 The mixture to be separated (eg atmospheric air) is compressed and fed to the surface of the semi-permeable membrane 1. Since the permeability of oxygen and nitrogen is different, the membrane 1 allows the oxygen-enriched air to pass through the passages formed in the ribbed side of the plate 2, through small holes in the plate 2.
These passages lead the enriched air to the holes 4, from which the air is discharged into the header 9 of the membrane device. Header 9 provides the ready-to-use product.
多孔性の板２のリブ付き側によつて形成される
通路は、流体圧抵抗を著しく減じられるととも
に、最高42％まで空気の酸素濃度を効率的に増す
ことを可能にし、しかも膜要素の厚さは最小
（0.7〜2.0mm）に保たれ、膜装置内の膜装入能力
は高く（最高600m2／m3）保たれる。 The passages formed by the ribbed side of the porous plate 2 make it possible to significantly reduce the hydraulic resistance and to efficiently increase the oxygen concentration of the air up to 42%, while reducing the thickness of the membrane element. The height is kept to a minimum (0.7-2.0 mm) and the membrane loading capacity in the membrane device is kept high (up to 600 m 2 /m 3 ).
膜１は堅い多孔の板２の平坦側に配置されるか
ら、膜の引張り、微小ひび割れ及びしわ寄りが防
止され、そして膜要素の使用可能期間は実質的に
増加される。 Since the membrane 1 is placed on the flat side of the rigid porous plate 2, tensioning, microcracking and wrinkling of the membrane is prevented and the service life of the membrane element is substantially increased.
多孔基板の板２は低価格の板、例えば、ポリ塩
化ビニル、から製造することができる。したがつ
て、膜要素製造工程は簡易化され、そのコストは
低減される。 The porous substrate plate 2 can be manufactured from a low cost plate, for example polyvinyl chloride. Therefore, the membrane element manufacturing process is simplified and its cost is reduced.
本発明の膜要素は特殊な製造上の特徴により、
その厚さは最小かつ不変に保たれ、そして高能率
の自動化された大量生産を確立するための準備が
為される。前記膜要素は、気体及び液体の混合物
の分離において主たる作用を果たし、空気の酸素
濃度の増加、気体混合物からのヘリウム及び水素
の抽出及び水の脱塩のために使用されうる。本発
明の膜要素は第２図と第３図とに示される膜装置
において最も有利に使用される。 Due to special manufacturing features, the membrane element of the present invention:
Its thickness is kept minimal and constant, and provision is made for establishing highly efficient automated mass production. Said membrane element plays a major role in the separation of gas and liquid mixtures and can be used for increasing the oxygen concentration of air, extracting helium and hydrogen from gas mixtures and desalinating water. The membrane element of the invention is most advantageously used in the membrane apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
第２図と第３図とに示される気体及び液体の混
合物の分離のための膜装置は、シリンダとして構
成されたケース５と、カバー６と、分離中の混合
物を供給しそして排出するのに役立つ連結部７，
８と、膜１と多孔基板を有する膜要素のスタツク
即ち集積体により構成され、前記多孔基板はおの
おの２枚の多孔板２を以て構成され、該多孔板２
は、その片側を平坦にされ、反対側にリブを形成
され、互いにそのリブ付き側を接して向かい合つ
ている。 The membrane device for the separation of mixtures of gases and liquids shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises a case 5 configured as a cylinder, a cover 6, and a cover 6 for supplying and discharging the mixture being separated. Useful connection 7,
8, a stack of membrane elements having a membrane 1 and a porous substrate, each of which is constituted by two perforated plates 2;
are flattened on one side and ribbed on the opposite side, facing each other with their ribbed sides touching.
各膜要素１，２は、扇形切除部を有する円板と
して形成され得る。前記膜要素が組立てられて集
積体にされるとき、これら円板は、扇形切除部が
ヘツダ９の長手方向軸線の反対両側に位置され、
その結果、濃化混合物が一方の膜要素から他方の
膜要素へ連続的に流れるように相対的に位置され
る。 Each membrane element 1, 2 may be formed as a disc with a sector cutout. When the membrane elements are assembled into an assembly, the discs are arranged such that the sector cutouts are located on opposite sides of the longitudinal axis of the header 9;
As a result, they are relatively positioned such that the concentrated mixture flows continuously from one membrane element to the other.
膜要素１，２はヘツダ９を中心にして配列さ
れ、密閉ガスケツト１０を配設される。膜要素と
ガスケツトとの集積体は、弾性のシエル１１内に
包囲される。シエル１１は要素の端面１２に密着
結合され、そしてカバー６に設けられた、膜要素
の集積体の周長と同じ周長を有する突出部１３に
密着結合されている。弾性のシエル１１はポリエ
チレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレートまたはその
他の重合体であつて接着性を有するもの、または
有しないもの、熱硬化性重合体、または自己硬化
性の重合体化合物、例えばエポキシ樹脂、を含浸
された織物から製作されうる。 The membrane elements 1, 2 are arranged around a header 9 and are provided with a sealing gasket 10. The membrane element and gasket assembly is enclosed within an elastic shell 11. The shell 11 is tightly connected to the end face 12 of the element and to a projection 13 provided on the cover 6 and having a circumference that is the same as the circumference of the stack of membrane elements. The elastic shell 11 is impregnated with polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate or other polymers with or without adhesive properties, thermosetting polymers, or self-curing polymeric compounds, such as epoxy resins. It can be made from woven fabric.
濃化された混合物を排出するのに役立つヘツダ
９は、穴と止め１５とを設けられた軸線方向に整
合されたブシユ１４を取付けられている。ブシユ
１４は膜要素１，２をガスケツト１０と共に支持
している。ヘツダ９の自由端部に螺合された連接
ナツト１６は、濃化された混合物を排出するため
の穴１７が設けられている。装置において接合部
を密閉するため、連結ナツト１６は密閉ガスケツ
ト１８を圧着固定している。連結ナツト１６が螺
合されるとき、ブシユ１４は容易にヘツダ９に沿
つて動かされ、全緊張力は止め１５によつて全て
の膜要素間に均等に分配され、それによつて接合
部は長い耐用期間にわたつて確実に密閉される。 The header 9, which serves to discharge the thickened mixture, is fitted with an axially aligned bushing 14 provided with holes and stops 15. The bushing 14 supports the membrane elements 1, 2 together with the gasket 10. A connecting nut 16 screwed onto the free end of the header 9 is provided with a hole 17 for draining the thickened mixture. In order to seal the joint in the device, the connecting nut 16 crimps and fixes a sealing gasket 18. When the connecting nut 16 is screwed on, the bushing 14 is easily moved along the header 9 and the total tension is distributed evenly between all membrane elements by the stops 15, so that the joint is long Reliably sealed for lifetime.
前記膜装置はつぎのごとく作用する。 The membrane device operates as follows.
分離さるべき混合物は圧縮され、装置のケース
５と弾性のシエル１１とによつて形成される室
へ、連結部７を通じて送られ、そして膜要素１，
２の端面と弾性のシエル１１と間のギヤツプを通
じて膜要素の表面間の空間へ送られ、混合物は膜
要素に沿つて連続的に流れ、そして連結部８を通
つて排出される。 The mixture to be separated is compressed and conveyed through the connection 7 into the chamber formed by the case 5 and the elastic shell 11 of the device and the membrane element 1,
2 and the elastic shell 11 into the space between the surfaces of the membrane element, the mixture flows continuously along the membrane element and is discharged through the connection 8.
濃化された混合物の流れの方向は第２図と第３
図とにおいて矢印Ａを以て示されている。 The direction of flow of the concentrated mixture is shown in Figures 2 and 3.
It is indicated by arrow A in the figures.
他方、分離された混合物の他の流れは、膜１を
通じて選択的に拡散され、それによつて早い速度
で透過成分により濃化される。 On the other hand, the other stream of the separated mixture is selectively diffused through the membrane 1 and is thereby enriched by the permeate components at a faster rate.
板２のリブ付き側面によつて形成された通路を
通つて流れる濃化された混合物の他の流れは、ブ
シユ１４の穴を通過してヘツダ９内に入り、つい
で連結ナツト１６の穴１７を通り、そこから膜装
置の外部へ排出される。 Another stream of the thickened mixture flowing through the passage formed by the ribbed sides of the plate 2 enters the header 9 through the hole in the bushing 14 and then through the hole 17 in the connecting nut 16. from there to the outside of the membrane device.
本発明の構造の膜装置は、膜１の全表面に対す
る分離混合物の均一な分配を実現し、これによつ
て、混合物の直線流量を増大するとともに、停滞
区域の発生を防ぐ。これらの特色は混合物の分離
効率を実質的に向上させ、すぐに製品とされる生
成物の抽出率を増し、成分の濃化率をかなり大き
くする。弾性のシエルは、最少の作業によつてシ
エルと膜要素端面との間に信頼できる密閉状態を
提供する。本発明の膜要素は全耐用期間を通して
信頼できる働らきを可能にするとともに、本発明
による膜装置の性能は高い安定性を保証する。 The membrane device of the structure of the invention achieves a uniform distribution of the separation mixture over the entire surface of the membrane 1, thereby increasing the linear flow rate of the mixture and preventing the occurrence of stagnation zones. These features substantially improve the separation efficiency of the mixture, increase the extraction rate of the ready-to-product product, and significantly increase the concentration of the components. The resilient shell provides a reliable seal between the shell and the membrane element end face with minimal effort. The membrane element according to the invention allows reliable operation throughout its entire service life, and the performance of the membrane device according to the invention guarantees high stability.
第１図は本発明による気体及び液体の混合物の
分離のための膜要素の概略全般図；第２図は、穴
と止めとを形成されかつ軸方向に整列されたブシ
ユを支持するヘツダに配置された膜要素を設けた
膜装置を示す全般図；第３図は弾性のシエル内に
組込まれた膜装置を示す全般図である。
図面上、１は膜；２は多孔板；５はケース；６
はカバー；７，８は連結部；９はヘツダ；１０は
密閉ガスケツト；１１はシエル；１２は端面；１
３は突出部；１４はブシユ；１５は止め；１７は
穴；１８は密閉ガスケツトを示す。
FIG. 1 is a schematic general view of a membrane element for the separation of gas and liquid mixtures according to the invention; FIG. 2 is arranged in a header supporting an axially aligned bushing formed with holes and stops; FIG. 3 is a general view showing a membrane device with a membrane element incorporated into the elastic shell; FIG. In the drawing, 1 is the membrane; 2 is the perforated plate; 5 is the case; 6
is a cover; 7 and 8 are connecting parts; 9 is a header; 10 is a sealing gasket; 11 is a shell; 12 is an end face; 1
3 is a protrusion; 14 is a bush; 15 is a stop; 17 is a hole; 18 is a sealing gasket.
Claims (1)
板２の２枚を重ねた形式の多孔基板を２枚の半透
過性の膜１の間に挿入した膜要素にして、前記２
枚の多孔板はリブ付きの側面が相互に向き合いか
つ一方の板のリブが他方の板のリブとほぼ90゜の
角度に設けられたことを特徴とする気体及び液体
の混合物を分離するための膜要素。 ２ 特許請求の範囲第１項記載の膜要素におい
て、多孔板２が多孔プラスチツクスから作られて
いることを特徴とする膜要素。 ３ ケース５と、カバー６と、分離される混合物
を導入及び排出するための連結部７，８と、ケー
ス内で平らな複数の膜要素が実質的にその中心で
取付けられるヘツダ９と、密封ガスケツト１０と
を有し、前記膜要素は２枚の半透過膜の間に２枚
の多孔板の形式の多孔基板を挿入したものであ
り、該多孔板は一方の側面が平坦で他の側面にリ
ブを有する膜装置において、前記膜要素の一方の
多孔板のリブは他方の多孔板のリブに対して実質
的に90゜の角度で設けられ、リブの間の空間は最
短の通路に沿う周囲からヘツダ９に至る媒体の流
れの通路を画定しており、前記膜要素１，２は、
穴と止め１５とに設けられた同軸のブツシユ１４
と共にヘツダ９に１つの集積体に組立てられ、か
つ膜要素１，２の端面１２と前記集積体の周長と
同一の周長を有するカバー６の突出物１３とに密
着した弾性のシエル１１内に包囲されていること
を特徴とする膜要素を使つた気体及び液体の混合
物の分離のための膜装置。 ４ 特許請求の範囲第３項記載の装置において、
前記シエル１１が自己硬化性の重合化合物を含浸
された布から作られていることを特徴とする膜装
置。[Claims] 1. A membrane element in which a porous substrate in the form of a stack of two porous plates 2 with one side flat and the other side ribbed is inserted between two semi-permeable membranes 1. Then, the above 2
for separating mixtures of gases and liquids, characterized in that the ribbed sides face each other and the ribs on one plate are arranged at an angle of approximately 90° with the ribs on the other plate. Membrane element. 2. Membrane element according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated plate 2 is made of porous plastic. 3 a case 5, a cover 6, connections 7, 8 for introducing and discharging the mixture to be separated, a header 9 in which the flat membrane elements are mounted substantially centrally in the case, and a sealing The membrane element has a gasket 10, and the membrane element has a perforated substrate in the form of two perforated plates inserted between two semi-permeable membranes, the perforated plates being flat on one side and flat on the other side. in a membrane device having ribs on the membrane element, the ribs of one perforated plate of said membrane element being at an angle of substantially 90° to the ribs of the other perforated plate, the spaces between the ribs being along the shortest path; Defining a path for the flow of the medium from the surroundings to the header 9, said membrane elements 1, 2:
Coaxial bush 14 provided in the hole and stop 15
In an elastic shell 11 which is assembled into a single assembly on the header 9 and is in close contact with the end faces 12 of the membrane elements 1, 2 and the protrusion 13 of the cover 6 having the same circumference as that of the assembly. Membrane device for the separation of mixtures of gases and liquids using a membrane element characterized in that it is surrounded by a membrane element. 4. In the device according to claim 3,
A membrane device characterized in that said shell 11 is made from a cloth impregnated with a self-curing polymeric compound.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813125222 DE3125222A1 (en) | 1981-06-26 | 1981-06-26 | Membrane element for separating gas mixtures and liquid mixtures and apparatus containing the said element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS57209603A JPS57209603A (en) | 1982-12-23 |
| JPS6260923B2 true JPS6260923B2 (en) | 1987-12-18 |
Family
ID=6135477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56094525A Granted JPS57209603A (en) | 1981-06-26 | 1981-06-18 | Membrane element and apparatus for separating mixture of gas and liquid phases |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS57209603A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3125222A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2511260B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6038003A (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1985-02-27 | Toray Ind Inc | Liquid separation apparatus |
| DE3332348A1 (en) * | 1983-09-08 | 1985-04-04 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | HYDROGEN PERMEATION WALL |
| AT379520B (en) * | 1984-03-01 | 1986-01-27 | Vogelbusch Gmbh | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING LIQUID OR GASEOUS MIXTURES |
| DE3424208A1 (en) * | 1984-06-30 | 1986-01-16 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE SALES OF GAS REACTIONS PROCESSING WITH HYDROGEN PRODUCTION |
| DE3507908A1 (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1986-09-11 | Gkss - Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh, 2054 Geesthacht | DEVICE WITH MEMBRANES |
| DE4303936C1 (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-08-18 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Device for removing gaseous substances from a gas stream |
| DE4342485C1 (en) * | 1993-12-13 | 1995-03-30 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Apparatus for removing gaseous substances from a gas stream |
| EP0947237B1 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2004-05-26 | Rochem Ultrafiltrations Systeme Gesellschaft für Abwasserreinigung mbH | Apparatus for separating liquid media containing impurities |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5440450U (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1979-03-17 |
Family Cites Families (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2597907A (en) * | 1950-03-31 | 1952-05-27 | Waldo A Steiner | Apparatus for the separation of gases by fractional permeation through membranes |
| US2824620A (en) * | 1955-09-12 | 1958-02-25 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Purification of hydrogen utilizing hydrogen-permeable membranes |
| US2958391A (en) * | 1958-02-24 | 1960-11-01 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Purification of hydrogen utilizing hydrogen-permeable membranes |
| US3246449A (en) * | 1959-06-09 | 1966-04-19 | Union Carbide Corp | Recovery of helium |
| NL295120A (en) * | 1962-07-10 | |||
| US3332216A (en) * | 1964-03-16 | 1967-07-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Fluid permeation apparatus |
| US3367504A (en) * | 1964-12-21 | 1968-02-06 | Gulf General Atomic Inc | Spirally wrapped reverse osmosis membrane cell |
| US3401798A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1968-09-17 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Cylindrically stacked and spirally configured semi-permeable membrane laminate apparatus |
| US3344586A (en) * | 1965-06-22 | 1967-10-03 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Gas separation apparatus |
| FR1474929A (en) * | 1966-02-15 | 1967-03-31 | Rech S Tech Et Ind S R T I S A | Apparatus for the treatment of a solution by reverse osmosis |
| US3499265A (en) * | 1968-03-01 | 1970-03-10 | Engelhard Min & Chem | Apparatus for gas separation |
| DE1792446A1 (en) * | 1968-09-04 | 1971-04-29 | Josef Dr Med Hoeltzenbein | Dialyzer made of stacked membranes |
| DE1953223C3 (en) * | 1969-10-22 | 1981-07-02 | Engelhard Minerals & Chemicals Corp., Newark, N.J. | Device for separating hydrogen from a gas mixture |
| DE2050917B2 (en) * | 1970-10-16 | 1973-02-08 | Holstein & Kappert Maschinenfabrik Phoenix Gmbh | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR DEACUIFICATION |
| BE794634A (en) * | 1972-01-28 | 1973-07-26 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | DIAPHRAGM SEPARATOR |
| US3813334A (en) * | 1973-04-09 | 1974-05-28 | Desalination Systems | Porous backing material for semipermeable membrane cartridges |
| FR2236538B1 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1976-05-07 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | |
| US3993566A (en) * | 1975-01-08 | 1976-11-23 | Amerace Corporation | Reverse osmosis apparatus |
| DE2522102C3 (en) * | 1975-05-17 | 1978-05-03 | Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck | Breathing air humidifiers for respiratory devices |
| DE2529050C2 (en) * | 1975-06-30 | 1983-01-05 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Moisture exchanger in devices for breathing and anesthesia |
| DE2617985C3 (en) * | 1976-04-24 | 1979-02-22 | Draegerwerk Ag, 2400 Luebeck | Breathing air humidifiers for respiratory devices |
| DE2703892C2 (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1982-09-23 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Breathing air humidifiers for respiratory devices |
| FR2383694A1 (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-10-13 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | APPARATUS WITH FLAT MEMBRANES USABLE IN PARTICULAR IN GAS PERMEATION AND PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING IT |
| DE2964203D1 (en) * | 1978-07-12 | 1983-01-13 | Jackson Richard R | Nested hollow fiber humidifier |
| DE2900484B1 (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-08-07 | Draegerwerk Ag | Breathing air humidifier for breathing apparatus |
| DE2929584A1 (en) * | 1979-07-21 | 1981-02-05 | Draegerwerk Ag | MOISTURE EXCHANGER IN BREATHING DEVICES |
| DE2929706C2 (en) * | 1979-07-21 | 1982-09-30 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Breathing air humidifiers and warmers for ventilation systems |
| DE2929615C2 (en) * | 1979-07-21 | 1982-10-07 | Drägerwerk AG, 2400 Lübeck | Moisture exchangers in devices for breathing |
-
1981
- 1981-06-18 JP JP56094525A patent/JPS57209603A/en active Granted
- 1981-06-26 DE DE19813125222 patent/DE3125222A1/en active Granted
- 1981-08-17 FR FR8115810A patent/FR2511260B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5440450U (en) * | 1977-08-26 | 1979-03-17 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2511260A1 (en) | 1983-02-18 |
| JPS57209603A (en) | 1982-12-23 |
| DE3125222C2 (en) | 1987-11-19 |
| DE3125222A1 (en) | 1983-03-24 |
| FR2511260B1 (en) | 1988-05-06 |
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