JPS6259692A - Door for coke oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare a coke oven door which has an excellent heat insulating property, is light in weight and easy to operate, by joining a sealing plate covered with a heat-insulating material and a heat-resistant shield obtained by covering an inside light-weight heat-insulating material with a heat-resistant steel sheet, with the distance of a gas channel being secured between them. CONSTITUTION:A sealing plate 1 supported on a supporting frame 2 for free thermal expansion and reciprocal motion and covered on the outer surface with a heat insulating material 12 which extends to the outside of a sealing strip 11 and a heat resistant shield 3 prepared by covering a light-weight heat- insulating material 35 obtained by one-piece molding of a refractory material 31 and an insulating material 32, with a heat-resistant steel sheet 36 are joined together for free thermal expansion, with the distance of a gas channel 4 being secured between them by means of a spacer 41. A soft packing material supported by the sealing strip 11 of the sealing plate 1 and an L-shaped member 18 is abutted to a door frame 6 and the temperatures of the outer surface of the shield 3 in a closed state, the door frame 6 and the sealing plate 1 are raised to the temperature of a gas passing through the gas channel 4 to control heat released from heated parts of coking.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a coke oven door that has high heat insulation properties, is lightweight, and has excellent operability.

[Conventional technology]

Horizontal coke ovens usually have openings on both sides of the oven chamber.

As shown in Fig. 6, a cast iron two-door body with a plug-shaped refractory lining a of approximately 400 mm in thickness is locked to a cast iron door frame C fixed to the head of the furnace chamber, and the coke is heated. It is closed so that it can be opened each time it is taken out. Since a material with high thermal conductivity is used to block the strong heat of coking in a small area, the temperature of the outer surface of the door body and door frame C can range from 150 degrees to 300 degrees. A large amount of heat is dissipated to the outside. Because there is also heat dissipation loss from other parts of the side of the furnace body, the coking of the charge at both ends near the door is slower than that in the middle, and excess heat is supplied to the charge in the middle, which has finished coking first. In addition, the processing time of the charge is sometimes controlled by the coking rate at the end, and there is a need to improve the thermal insulation properties of the coke oven group in terms of thermal efficiency and coal processing capacity. For example, the surface area of the door and door frame of a coke oven with a height of 6 m is approximately 1105 q, and if this average surface temperature is lowered from 170 degrees to below 100 degrees, it is estimated that 8 to 12 Kcal of heat will be saved per gram of coal. In the case of a coke oven group with a daily coal throughput of 4000 tons, it is possible to save about 15 Xl and O' Kcal of heat per year.

[Problems with conventional technology]

Attempts have been made to change the refractory lining to a material with low thermal conductivity, but no suitable fireproof material has been found that is resistant to large temperature changes and damage caused by carbon intrusion each time it is opened, and can withstand long-term use. It has not been. Strong carbon adheres to the refractory lining, making it difficult to remove and damaging the refractory if removed forcibly. Tar condenses on the surface of cast iron materials, releases harmful vapors when the door is opened, and generates a large amount of soot when it comes into contact with red-hot coke, polluting the environment. The formation of this carbon and tar is difficult to control, and if left untreated, it can damage the seal and cause gas leaks and air intrusion. By increasing the heat shielding power of the refractory lining of the door and lowering the temperature of the cast iron material,
Tar condensate increases. These formations are even more prevalent in coke oven banks that are operated by adding tar pitch or petroleum-based binders to the raw material coal.

In recent years, coke ovens have gradually become larger, with the furnace chamber height reaching 7.5 mm.
m coke oven banks are in operation. The door of such a large furnace is heavy, and the amount of thermal warpage, which is caused by the temperature difference between the internal and external surfaces and increases in proportion to the square of the furnace height, increases. It is difficult to maintain a sealed state because the restraining force cannot completely reverse this thermal warping.

During operation, a considerable amount of labor and expense is required to remove deposits, adjust seals, and operate hazardous gas suction purification equipment.

[Means for solving problems]

The object of the present invention is to provide a coke oven door which eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional coke oven door and is highly heat insulating, lightweight, and easy to operate.

That is, the gist of the present invention is to provide a seal plate supported by a separate support frame and covered with a heat insulating material whose outer surface extends to the outside of the sealing portion.

It consists of a heat-resistant shield formed by covering an inner lightweight insulating material with a heat-resistant steel plate, which is attached to a seal plate with the gas channels spaced apart by spacers, and a charge is released into this gas channel during the coking process. The coke oven door is adapted to guide the gas passing through the coke oven door and raise the outer surface of the shield and the sealing frame to the temperature of this passing gas to reduce the heat flowing outside from the heating part of coking.

[Structure and operation of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings are each a schematic illustration of a coke oven door of the present invention. In the door according to the present invention, the door body consists of a separate seal plate 1 and a separate support frame 2, and the seal plate has a steel seal strip 11 around a flat steel plate 1.
The sealing strip 11, which is formed by airtight welding, and the soft packing material 17 with suitable heat resistance such as ceramic fiber held therein are brought into contact with the door frame 6 to release the gas filling the furnace chamber. It is supposed to be sealed. As shown in the enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, this packing material 17 is surrounded and held by a U-shaped sealing strip 11 and a filler material 18 therein. The packing material 17 is adjusted by means of the push bolts 19 to a suitable pushing force, in particular so as not to apply an excessive pushing force. The gas is sealed in two stages by the leg of the previous seal strip 11 and the next packing material 17. The packing material 17 also ensures that the door frame 6 is free of tar condensate in the seal.
Good sealing can be achieved even if there are slight scratches or deposits on the sealing surface. The U-shaped seal strip 11 and the L-shaped material 18 can be easily processed and advantageously formed into a desired cross-sectional shape by hot extrusion or pultrusion.

The sealing method is not limited to the illustrated example,
Other suitable soft packing materials known in the art may also be used.

The outside of the sealing plate 1 is coated with one or more suitable lightweight insulating materials 12, which are protected by a suitable thin plate 13, such as a steel plate or an aluminum plate.

The size of this heat insulating material layer 12 is such that at least the sealing strip 1
It is preferably sized to cover the outside of the door frame 6 with a separate heat insulating material 63 which is replaceably attached to the door frame 6 by means of a retainer 64 and a pole 1-65. The thickness is set to have an appropriate thermal resistance so that the surface temperature during use is lower than that of a conventional door body, thereby providing a favorable working environment.

The seal plate l is maintained at a distance from the support frame 2 by a sliding mechanism consisting of a guide plate 53 extending in the height direction of the furnace chamber and groove members 52 on both sides having one end fixed to the seal plate l. The six guide plates 53, which are supported to be freely expandable and contractible by heat and to be movable back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the furnace chamber, are maintained at predetermined intervals by push bolts 23 and tension bolts 24 with play. The amount of the forward and backward movement stroke of the seal plate 1 is determined to be an appropriate amount each time depending on the bending state of the door frame 6 at the end face of the furnace chamber and the amount of deflection of the support frame 2. The coupling method may be any known suitable method, for example, a combination of a guide elongated hole and a guide shaft as shown in FIG. 3, and is not limited to the illustrated example.

The support frame 2 is made of deformed steel. It is also possible to use the cast iron door body of a conventional door. Use of deformed steel is advantageous because it can be made lightweight.

The heat-resistant shield is made by integrally molding a molded refractory material 31 and a molded heat insulating material 32 on a heat-resistant steel holder 33 as shown in FIG. A plurality of blocks formed by covering a lightweight heat insulating material 35 with a heat-resistant steel plate 36 are connected so as to be thermally expandable and movable to form the height of the furnace chamber, and spacers 41 are used to control the distance between the gas channels 4 for collecting and discharging the gas. It is connected to the sealing plate 1 so that it can be freely expanded and contracted by heat. For example, a ceramic fiber board and a blanket are covered with two channel steel materials, and a ceramic fiber bulk material is filled into a square steel tube.
Alternatively, it is advantageous to integrally mold a ceramic fiber molded mass in a square steel tube, since it has a greater thermal flow resistance and can be made lighter than conventional refractory plugs even if the layer thickness is thinner. Note that details such as the materials used and the shape are not limited to the illustrated examples.

The support frame 2, the seal plate 1, and the heat-resistant shield 3 are fixedly connected to each other at one location preferably on the line of action of the upper lifting shaft 26, and are thermally expanded at multiple other locations preferably on the line of action of the lifting shaft 26. The members are movably connected so that axial compressive forces due to their own weight do not adversely act on each member. Furthermore, the force of the charge acting on the heat-resistant shield 3 is transmitted to the support frame 2 through the shortest route by the spacers 41, 5 and the push bolt 23 of the joint, so that it does not adversely affect the seal plate 1. It is locked to the door frame 6 by a known suitable locking device 22 attached to the frame 2 and the sealing material is applied to the door by a known suitable pressing spring 1G arranged around the support frame 2 in the closed position. It is pressed against the frame 6. The force created by the suppression spring 16 is divided by the one distribution plate 15 and transmitted to the seal strip 11 via two adjacent transmission bodies 14. In this way, the number of suppression springs and thus the sealing adjustment points are reduced.

The gas released from the charge near the door during the coking process collects in gas channel 4, passes through it, passes through the horizontal gas space above the connected charge layer, and exits the furnace chamber from the riser pipe at the top of the furnace. is pulled out.

Throughout the coking process, the temperature of the outer surfaces of the door frame 4 and heat shield 3 facing the gas channel 4 is raised to the temperature of the gas passing therethrough. This reduces the temperature difference between the heating part of coking, which is one of the proportional factors of heat transfer, and allows the flow from the charge to the heat-resistant shield 3 and the end heating flue 7 to flow through the door frame 6 and dissipate to the outside. It reduces heat. The temperature of the closed area can be maintained at an acceptable temperature by adjusting the heat-resistant shield 3 with a high thermal resistance, the gas layer 4 with a poor thermal conductor, the heat carrier effect of the passing gas, and the amount of protrusion of the heat-resistant shield. .

As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the covering plate 9 at the head of the furnace chamber
The heat insulating material 81 provided behind the door frame, the door frame surface heat insulating material 63, and the heat insulating material 12 on the surface of the seal plate form a continuous surface heat insulating material layer on the side surface of the furnace chamber, further reducing heat from the top of the furnace chamber. It becomes possible to reduce dissipation loss, reduce thermal deformation of the backstay that holds the furnace body, and further lower the working environment temperature.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The coke oven door of the present invention is constructed as described above, and the advantages of this coke oven door in which the support frame, the seal plate, and the heat-resistant shield are made separately are as follows.

1) The support frame, which is connected to the back of the door plate with a surface insulation layer covering the door frame surface with a small thermal bridge at a distance, is subject to only a small amount of adverse thermal effects, so thermal stress is reduced. It is extremely small and stable in shape, and can be made of deformed steel to make it lightweight.

2) A sealing plate that has a shape close to a flat plate, is held by a support frame so that it can move through thermal expansion and can move back and forth, can be bent in the longitudinal direction, and does not suffer from the thermal expansion force of the heat-resistant shield. It is highly flexible even when made from a steel plate with a thickness of several meters to more than ten meters, and can be reliably aligned with the door frame surface with a small amount of pressure, making it even stronger than conventional door sealing frames. Suitable for the harsh work of coke factories.

3) A sealing plate formed close to a flat plate in shape allows a gas channel to be provided at the top of the furnace chamber, and can be made thick enough to provide heat resistance as a heat shield.

4) The seal plate whose entire surface is in contact with the passing gas is
The temperature of each part is more even, and disadvantageous thermal deformation due to temperature differences can be reduced.

5) A shield formed by covering a lightweight heat insulating material with a heat-resistant steel plate has high heat insulation properties and can be made lightweight. The weight of the door is 50% to 70% of the conventional mW door.
can also be reduced.

The operational advantages of the door of the invention are as follows. Namely.

l) In order to increase the thermal resistance of the heat-resistant shield and reduce the heat flow from the heating part of the coking process, and to make part of the heat dissipated from the door surface be borne by the heat retained in the passing gas, a 2A flue with an end Heat can be used even more efficiently.

2) Since the temperature drop of the gas passing through the gas channel is small and the temperature of the closing equipment is raised, there is less condensation of resin and the formation of carbon on the gas surface of the door and door frame, and the coking process is now at its final stage. There is no liquid tar, and the carbon deposits are soft and can be easily removed.

3) Since there is no obstacle to the door attachment/detachment operation due to adhered carbon, it is possible to make the gap between the shield and the furnace chamber wall even narrower than with conventional doors, and the amount of charge that enters the closed area is small, preventing unwanted half-finishing. Coke production can be reduced.

4) Repair costs can be saved because the heat-resistant shield no longer suffers losses due to large temperature changes and carbon intrusion each time the furnace chamber is opened.

5) In a 1-A frame whose outer surface is covered with a heat insulating material, the temperature difference between each part of the cross section is further reduced, and the thermal warpage which increases in proportion to this temperature difference is reduced. Furthermore, fluctuations in thermal warpage due to rain, wind, temperature changes, etc. are avoided. Therefore, this thermal warping can be restrained with a small force, and the furnace chamber wall can be restrained in a more uniform or stable state.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the door of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views, and Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the door of the present invention. Enlarged cross-sectional diagram,
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional coke oven door with a refractory lining. In the figure, 1 Seal plate 2 Support frame 3 Heat-resistant shield 4 Gas channel 5.111 Spacer 6 Door frame 7 End heating flute 8 Furnace chamber head refractory brick 11 U-shaped seal strip 12 Heat insulating material 16 Pressure spring 17 Packing material 63 Door Frame Surface Heating Materials (Figure 2, Figure 4, Procedural Amendment Cap) 1985, 1 Yamakawa 5 \ = 3, Director General of the Patent Office, Michibe Uga 1, Indication of the Case, 1985 Patent Application No. 198381 2. Benefits of the invention; Coke oven door 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Name of patent applicant Haruo Noda 4, Agent (6. Contents of amendment) ■) Scope of patent claims (page 1 Line 5 to page 2, number 13
line) has been corrected as follows: ``1) In a door for sealing and heat insulation of the picture-side opening of the oven chamber of a coke oven, the door is supported by a separate support frame (2) so that it can freely expand thermally and move back and forth. , the outer surface has a sealing strip (
The seal plate (1) is covered with a heat insulating material (12) that extends to the outside of the gas channel (11), and the spacer (41) maintains the distance between the gas channels (4) and the seal plate (1) receives thermal expansion. freely bonded and formed by a lightweight insulating material (35) sheathed with a heat-resistant steel plate (3G) or by a molded refractory material (31, 32) and a holder (33) of P8 steel a heat-resistant shield (3), and a heat-resistant soft packing material (17) around the seal plate (1).
in the closed state, check the temperature of the outer surface of the shield (3), the door frame (6) and the seal plate (1) through the gas channel (4).
) A coke oven door characterized in that the temperature of the gas passing through the coke oven is raised to suppress the heat released to the outside from the heating part for coking. 2) It is characterized by sealing by a sealing strip (11) with a U-shaped cross section formed by hot extrusion or pultrusion and a packing material (17) surrounding and holding the sealing strip (11) so as to be replaceable and capable of adjusting the surface movement. A coke oven door according to claim 1. 3) A coke oven door according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the door frame (6) fixed to the head of the furnace chamber is covered with a replaceable heat-insulating material (63). 2) Delete "Furnace" in line 9 of page 3, 3) Add the following between line 9 and line 10 of the same page, and add "[Problems with the prior art]" 4) Add the following to line 9 of page 3: In line 10, before “body side”, add “furnace” as follows. 5) In line 18 of the same page, rsqm” is corrected as follows and “i”. 6) In line 4, page 4, “[Prior art] 7) Corrected “by” in line 8 of page 5 as follows and changed it to “due to” 8) Corrected “sticker” in line 7 of page 6 to read “door” 9 ) On page 7, line 3, “Figure 4 J has been corrected as follows”
Figure j 10) Add the following between “cover” and “ceramic” on page 10, line 3. 11) Add the following “, and” on page 12, lines 8 to 9. 12) Correct the "view of the arrow" on page 16, line 13 as follows: "Main part"

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A door for sealing and heat insulation of openings on both sides of an oven chamber of a coke oven, which is supported by a separate support frame (2) so as to be able to freely expand thermally and move back and forth, and whose outer surface is Seal strip (1
The seal plate (1) is covered with a heat insulating material 12 extending to the outside of the seal plate (1), and the spacer (41) maintains the distance between the gas channels (4) and the seal plate (1) receives thermal expansion. Freely bonded, the lightweight insulation material (35) is bonded to the heat-resistant steel plate (3
6) or molded refractory material (3).
1, 32) and a heat-resistant shield (3) formed by a heat-resistant steel holder (33), the seal plate (1)
A heat-resistant soft packing material (17) is placed around the
In the closed state, the temperature of the outer surface of the shield (3), the door frame (6) and the sealing plate (1) is increased to the temperature of the gas passing through the gas channel (4), and the gas is discharged to the outside from the heated part of coking. A coke oven door characterized in that it is adapted to suppress heat produced by the coke oven. 2) Sealing is performed by a seal strip (11) with a U-shaped cross section formed by hot extrusion or pultrusion, and a packing material (17) that surrounds and holds the strip so that it can be replaced and can be moved back and forth. A coke oven door according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3) The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the door frame (6) fixed to the head of the furnace chamber is covered with a replaceable heat insulating material (63). door.