JPS6256419B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention is directed to gases such as freon, helium, hydrogen, air, neon, etc., or a mixture thereof, for closed cycle gas engines used in air conditioners, dehumidifiers, refrigerators, heat pump prime movers, etc. This invention relates to the structure of a cylinder that compresses or expands working fluid by the action of a piston.

A typical Starling cycle as a closed cycle gas engine will be explained with reference to FIG.

A compression chamber 3 formed by a compression cylinder 1 and a compression piston 2, an expansion cylinder 4, and an expansion piston 5
A first heat exchanger 7 for discharging the compression heat of the working fluid through the actuated fluid such as water or polyvinyl alcohol, and a large number of metal balls with high specific heat are installed between the expansion chamber 6 formed by the A heat storage device 8 containing a heat storage body such as a net or ceramics, and a second heat exchanger 9 that cools a working fluid such as water or polyvinyl alcohol using the heat storage device 8 are sequentially arranged outside the cylinders 1 and 4. Therefore, both chambers 3 and 6 are in communication. The reciprocating motion of both pistons 2 and 5 is performed by a crankshaft, a rotating swash plate, etc. connected to a motor (not shown), and the expansion piston 5 is advanced (phase difference) from the compression piston 2 by 20 to A lower temperature can be obtained if the temperature is 130 degrees earlier, but a range of 55 to 100 degrees is efficient at any cooling temperature generated.

The operation for generating cooling is to place the expansion piston 5 almost at the top dead center, and when the compression piston 2 is moved toward the top dead center by a mechanism that reciprocates with a 90 degree delay if the phase difference occurs, the compression chamber 3 is activated. The fluid is compressed
The heat of compression is released to the outside by the compression cylinder 1 and the first heat exchanger 7, and the pressure of the working fluid increases while keeping the temperature constant. That is, an isothermal stroke is performed, and then when the expansion piston 5 is moved to the lower part and the compression piston 2 is further moved to the top dead center, the working fluid in the compression chamber 3 is gradually cooled by the heat storage body in the heat storage device 8 and becomes a second heat source. The so-called volume that passes through the exchanger 9 and enters the expansion chamber 6 is a constant isovolume stroke. Next, when the expansion piston 5 is moved further downward, the working fluid that has entered the expansion chamber 6 is transferred to the second heat exchanger 21.
It becomes an isothermal process that expands while absorbing more heat,
Cooling is generated and the working fluid is cooled by the second heat exchanger 21. By moving the expansion piston 5 upward and the compression piston 2 downward, the working fluid, which has finally reached a low temperature, passes from the expansion chamber 6 to the second heat exchanger 9 and gives cold heat to the heat storage body in the heat storage device 8. The temperature gradually rises, and an isovolumic process returns to the compression chamber 3 through the first heat exchanger 9, completing one cycle. Cooling can be achieved by repeating this process.
The sealed working fluid always flows in and out between the compression chamber 3 and the expansion chamber 6 via the first heat exchanger 7, heat storage device 8, and second heat exchanger 9, and does not exit to the outside of the cycle, which is a so-called closed cycle. It is. To explain the case where this closed cycle gas engine is used as an air conditioner for cooling, the first switching valve 10 of the 4-port valve is connected to the port 11.
is switched to communicate with port 12, port 13 is communicated with port 14, and the second switching valve 15 of the 4-port valve is switched so that port 16 communicates with port 17 and port 18 communicates with port 19. 20 is an indoor unit, 21
indicates an outdoor unit. Reference numerals 22 and 23 indicate pumps that circulate the fluid to be operated.
At 23, the working fluid at atmospheric temperature is sent to each heat exchanger 7, 9, and is cooled by the second heat exchanger 9, passes through ports 16, 17, and cools the room in the indoor unit 20. The fluid to be worked, which has been warmed by the atmosphere, returns to the second heat exchanger 9 via the ports 12, 11 and the pump 22. Further, the working fluid that has received compression heat in the first heat exchanger 7 passes through ports 18 and 19 and releases the compression heat outdoors in the outdoor unit, so that the working fluid that has reached atmospheric temperature passes through ports 18 and 19.
3, port 14, and pump 23 to reach the first heat exchanger 7 again. When this system is used for heating, the first switching valve 10 switches port 11 to port 13 and port 12 to port 14, and the second switching valve 15 switches port 16 to port 19 and port 14. 18 may be switched to communicate with port 17. The working fluid, which has reached the ambient temperature in outdoor unit 21, passes through ports 13, 11 and pump 22 and radiates heat in working fluid 9 in second heat exchanger 9. , the heated fluid is transferred to port 16,
19 and reaches the outdoor unit 21. On the other hand, the working fluid, which has received compression heat in the first heat exchanger 7 and is warmed above the atmospheric temperature, radiates heat in the indoor unit 20 through ports 18 and 17 to heat the room. The actuated fluid, which has been cooled to ambient temperature, passes through the ports 12, 14 and the pump 23 to the first
The heat exchanger 7 is reached. Further, in this case, if the operating fluid absorbs the heat generated from the motor and reaches the first heat exchanger 7, the heating efficiency can be further improved. In this way, the room can be cooled and air-conditioned. Note that if both the second heat exchanger or the expansion cylinder 4 of this closed cycle gas engine are heated with flame, high temperature fluid (200 to 1000° C.), etc., it becomes a prime mover that can obtain power from the crankshaft.

However, in the conventionally known closed cycle gas engines, the heat exchanger was composed of many separate pipes arranged outside the cylinder, so the structure was complicated and the device was large, making it difficult to manufacture it at low cost. It had drawbacks such as the inability to

Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention forms a large number of fins on both the inner and outer walls of the cylinder, and a sleeve for airtightly guiding the piston is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder. By using the space formed by the sleeve and the cylinder as a passage for the working fluid, and by giving the cylinder itself the function of a heat exchanger, there is no need to install a separate heat exchanger, resulting in a simple structure and low cost. The first objective is to provide a cylinder structure for a hot gas engine that can be manufactured. Furthermore, a second object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder structure for a hot gas engine that can be easily downsized by incorporating a heat storage device, which was previously arranged outside the cylinder, into the cylinder.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 2 to 6.

Reference numeral 30 is a hollow, substantially truncated cone-shaped, thin-walled metal cylinder, and a large number of spiral-shaped fins 3 of the same width are provided on both sides of the inner and outer walls of the cylindrical portion.
All of the fins 1 and 32 are arranged continuously from the bottom to the top of the cylindrical part, and the spacing between adjacent fins 31 and 32 is approximately the same as each width of the fins, and the fin 31 on the inner wall side and the outer wall It is shifted by one pitch from the side fins 32. A metal sleeve 34 is disposed on the inner wall side of the cylinder 30 to airtightly guide a truncated conical piston 33 corresponding to the cylinder 30, and in order to lubricate the reciprocating movement of the piston 33,
The inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 34 is coated with resin. Note that there are fins 3 on the outer wall of the sleeve 34.
The fins may be formed so as not to intersect with each other, and the space between them may be used as a working fluid passage. A working fluid connection port 35 is provided in the lower part of the cylinder 30 , and the connection port 35 communicates with the entire lower circumference of the cylindrical portion of the cylinder 30 . The space formed by the sleeve 34 communicates with a working chamber 37 formed by the inner wall of the conical portion of the piston 33 and the cylinder 30 for compression or expansion. The surface of the outer wall of the cylinder 30 is covered with a heat insulating cover 40 having an inlet connection port 38 and an outlet connection port 39 for the operated fluid.
communicates with the entire circumference of the lower part of the cylinder 30, and the outlet side connection port 39 communicates with the entire circumference of the upper part of the cylinder part of the cylinder 30, and the operated fluid flows from the inlet connection port 38 to the outer wall side of the cylinder 30. The space formed by the fins 32 and the heat insulating cover 40 communicates with the outlet connection port 39 through a number of actuated fluid passages 41 . Therefore, heat can be exchanged between the working fluid and the outer wall of the cylinder 30 or the operated fluid through the cylinder 30, especially through the fins 31 and 32. Both fins 31 and 32 are as shown in the sixth figure.
The fins 31 and 32 can function in the spiral direction as the fins on one side. It should be noted that even if the conical portion of the cylinder 30 is formed with its surface area in the opposite direction, the strength can be maintained even if the cylinder is made thin like the cylinder shown in FIG. 3. Since it is larger than a flat plate, it can advantageously transfer heat from the working fluid. 43
is a seal that prevents leakage of working fluid. Note that the cylinder 30 can act as both a compression cylinder and an expansion cylinder; however, when acting as an expansion cylinder, the cylinder 30
Between the inside of the connection port 35 and the lower end of the inner wall side fin 31, between the inner wall surface of the cylinder 30 and the outer periphery of the sleeve 34, a large number of metal balls or steel balls with high specific heat are
If the configuration is such that an annular heat storage device 42 containing a heat storage body such as ceramics is interposed, the cylinder 30
There is no need to separately arrange a heat storage device outside of the structure, and the structure can be made simple and compact.

Next, a modified example of the cylinder according to the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 7. In this modified example, the conical shape of the top of the cylinder 30 and piston 33 in the above-mentioned embodiment is deformed into a concave shape at the center as shown in the figure. With this configuration, the axial length of the cylinder can be further shortened and the cylinder can be made smaller. The fins 32 formed on the outer wall of the recessed cylinder 30 are also formed continuously in a straight line at the top above the cylindrical portion.

As explained above, according to the device of the present invention, the heat exchanger function is provided to the cylinder itself, so that the heat exchanger formed of a large number of pipes or the like is placed outside the cylinder, unlike in the conventional case. This eliminates the need for installation, has a simple structure, and can be manufactured at low cost, resulting in excellent practical effects. Further, by providing a heat insulating cover around the outer periphery of the cylinder, the function of the heat exchanger can be further improved. Furthermore, since the heat storage device can also be disposed inside the cylinder, the structure is simpler and can be manufactured at a lower cost.

The fins formed on both the inner and outer walls of the cylinder have approximately the same width, and the spacing between adjacent fins on both the inner and outer walls is approximately the same as the width of the fins, and the inner and outer walls are shifted by one pitch. Even if the cylinder itself that receives the pressure of the working fluid is made thinner, it has sufficient strength, the thermal resistance can be reduced, and the efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, in the device of the present invention, by forming the heat exchanger in the cylinder itself and installing the heat storage device in the cylinder, heat intrusion is reduced, making heat absorption and heat radiation efficient, and pressure loss of the working fluid is also reduced. Can be done.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which a closed cycle gas engine is applied to an air conditioner, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows only the cylindrical portion of the cylinder in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the cylindrical portion of the cylinder according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the cylinder, sleeve, and heat insulating cover according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a partially omitted perspective view showing another example of the fin structure of the cylinder according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view showing a modification of the apparatus according to the present invention. 33...Piston, 37...Working chamber, 30...
Cylinder, 31...Fin (inner wall side), 32...
Fin (outer wall side), 34...Sleeve, 36...
Working fluid passage, 40...insulation case, 42...regenerator, 41...operated fluid passage.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A plurality of fins are formed on both the inner and outer walls of at least either a compression cylinder or an expansion cylinder, which has a working chamber that compresses or expands working fluid by the action of a built-in piston. At the same time, a sleeve for airtightly guiding the piston is attached to the inner wall of the cylinder, and the space formed by the fins on the inner wall and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve is used as a passage for working fluid, and the outer wall and the A cylinder structure for a closed cycle gas engine, characterized in that heat is exchanged between working fluids through the cylinder. 2. A compression cylinder or an expansion cylinder having a working chamber that compresses or expands working fluid by the action of a built-in piston, at least one of which has a plurality of fins formed on both the inner and outer walls of the cylinder, and the inner wall of the cylinder. A sleeve that airtightly guides the piston is attached to the side, and a space formed between the fins on the inner wall side and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve is used as a passage for working fluid, and a heat insulating case is provided outside the outer wall. When installed, the space formed by the fins on the outer wall side and the inner surface of the heat insulating case is used as a passage for the actuated fluid, and heat is exchanged between the working fluid and the actuated fluid via the cylinder. A closed cycle gas engine cylinder structure characterized by: 3. An expansion cylinder having a working chamber that expands working fluid by the action of a built-in piston has a large number of fins formed on both the inner and outer walls thereof, and a sleeve that airtightly guides the piston on the inner wall side of the cylinder. When installed, the space formed by the fins on the inner wall side and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve is used as a passage for the working fluid, and a heat storage device is interposed in the passage, so that the operation between the heat storage device and the working chamber is A cylinder structure for a closed cycle gas engine, characterized in that heat is exchanged between a fluid and the outer wall via the cylinder. 4. The cylinder structure for a closed cycle gas engine according to claim 1, wherein the multiple fins have a spiral shape. 5. The multiple fins have substantially the same width, and the spacing between adjacent fins on both the inner and outer walls is substantially the same as the width of the fins, and the inner and outer walls are shifted by one pitch. Cylinder structure of the closed cycle gas engine described in Range 1. 6. The closed cycle gas according to claim 1, wherein the central portion of the top of the cylinder is formed in a depressed shape, and the top surface of the piston is also formed in a depressed shape corresponding to the shape of the cylinder. Engine cylinder structure. 7. The cylinder structure for a closed cycle gas engine according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of fins are formed with spiral directions opposite to each other on the inner wall side and the outer wall side.