JPH06173763A - Hot gas engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance the cooling performance coefficient and the heating performance coefficient by purposely making the scavenging volume of a intermediate temperature chamber in a low temperature part larger than a low temperature chamber so as to decrease the value of heat absorption in a high temperature part. CONSTITUTION:A high temperature side displacer 3 and a low temperature side displacer 6 are reciprocated in association with the rotation of a crank mechanism 31 with a predetermined phase difference, and working gas charged in cylinders 1, 2 is expanded in high and low temperature chambers 4, 7, but is compressed in intermediate temperature chambers 5, 8 on the high and low temperature sides so as to radiate heat which is used for heating by means of heat-exchangers 12, 16, and heat absorption during expansion of the low temperature chamber 7 is used for cooling. In this case, an auxiliary cylinder 19 and an auxiliary cylinder 18 are provided between the intermediate temperature chamber 8 and a crank 32 in the low temperature side cylinder 2, and accordingly, a working chamber 20 defined underneath the auxiliary piston 18 increases the volumetric change of the intermediate temperature chamber 8 in the low temperature part so that the degree of heat absorption in the high temperature chamber 4 is decreased. However, the value of heat-exchange in the low and intermediate temperature chambers 7, 8 do not vary, and thereby it is possible to enhance the cooling and heating performance coefficients.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hot gas engine using a VM (Bulmier) cycle used in air conditioners, refrigerators and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, an engine that operates between a low temperature heat source, a medium temperature heat source and a high temperature heat source absorbs heat from the low temperature heat source by heat energy (thermal work) obtained from the high temperature heat source and radiates heat to the medium temperature heat source. The VM organization is the most basic organization. This VM engine has two hot and cold displacers (which move the working gas), and is divided into a hot part and a cold part by a region in which each displacer is involved. In the high temperature part and the low temperature part, the scavenging of the working gas occurs due to the movement of the displacer, and if the part corresponding to the volume change due to this scavenging is defined as the working chamber, there are two working chambers in each part. One of the working chambers is at the same temperature level as the medium temperature heat source and is called the medium greenhouse. Similarly, a working chamber at the same temperature level as the high temperature heat source is called a high temperature chamber, and a working chamber at the same temperature level as the low temperature heat source is called a low temperature chamber.

The work of these working chambers, which is geometrically required, is expanded work in the high temperature chamber and compressed in the middle temperature chamber on the high temperature side due to the respective volume changes and uniform pressure fluctuations in the working space (entire engine). The work is expansion work in the low temperature room, and compression work in the middle temperature room on the low temperature side. In the case of this VM engine, since it is an engine that only causes heat transfer between the three heat sources, the two scavenging volumes in the high temperature part and the low temperature part are the same, and the expansion work and compression work of the high temperature part Also, the absolute amounts of expansion work and compression work in the low temperature part are equal to each other.

[0004]

However, in an actual engine, a rod for driving the displacer is mounted, and the volume change caused by this causes a difference in the scavenging volumes of both parts. In addition to the change in the working chamber volume, the scavenging volumes of both parts are the same as described above. The phases of the low temperature and high temperature displacers are not limited to 90 °, and the inner diameters of both cylinders need not be the same.

In view of the above situation, the present invention focuses on the scavenging volume of the low temperature part, intentionally increases the scavenging volume of the greenhouse in the low temperature part rather than the low temperature part, and reduces the heat absorption amount in the high temperature part. It is an object of the present invention to provide a hot gas engine capable of improving a cooling performance coefficient and a heating performance coefficient.

[0006]

According to the present invention, a high temperature side cylinder and a low temperature side cylinder in which a working gas is filled, a high temperature side displacer for partitioning the high temperature side cylinder into a high temperature chamber and a high temperature side medium greenhouse, A low temperature side displacer for partitioning the inside of the low temperature side cylinder into a low temperature chamber and a low temperature side medium greenhouse,
This high-temperature side displacer and the low-temperature side displacer are connected to each other via a rod and a link mechanism, respectively, and a high-temperature side heat for heating the working gas arranged in a gas flow path connecting the high-temperature chamber and the high-temperature middle greenhouse. An exchanger, a high temperature side regenerator and a medium temperature side heat exchanger, and a low temperature side heat exchanger, a low temperature side regenerator and a medium temperature side heat exchanger arranged in a gas flow path connecting the low temperature chamber and the low temperature side medium greenhouse. In the hot gas engine, the auxiliary cylinder and the auxiliary piston are provided for making the volume change amount of the low temperature side medium greenhouse larger than that of the low temperature chamber.

Further, a high temperature side cylinder and a low temperature side cylinder filled with working gas, a high temperature side displacer for partitioning the inside of the high temperature side cylinder into a high temperature chamber and a high temperature side middle greenhouse, and a low temperature chamber inside the low temperature side cylinder. And a low temperature side displacer that divides the high temperature side displacer into a low temperature side medium greenhouse, a rotary shaft to which the high temperature side displacer and the low temperature side displacer are connected via a rod and a link mechanism, respectively, and a gas that connects the high temperature chamber and the high temperature side medium greenhouse. High temperature side heat exchanger for heating working gas, high temperature side regenerator and medium temperature side heat exchanger arranged in the flow path, and low temperature side heat arranged in the gas flow path connecting the low temperature room and the low temperature side middle greenhouse In a hot gas engine consisting of an exchanger, a low temperature side regenerator and a medium temperature side heat exchanger, the low temperature side cylinder is a low temperature side medium greenhouse part having a larger diameter cylinder than the low temperature chamber side part. Has a stepped shape, the cold side displacer are those having a stepped shape in which the portion that reciprocates in the large-diameter cylinder and the large-diameter displacer.

[0008]

With the above-described structure, the high temperature side displacer and the low temperature side displacer reciprocate with a predetermined phase difference through the link mechanism due to the rotation of the rotary shaft, and the working gas enclosed in the cylinder is stored in the high temperature chamber. In the low temperature room, expansion is performed, and in the high temperature side mid greenhouse and the low temperature side mid greenhouse, compression is performed, and heat is released during gas compression in the high temperature side mid greenhouse and the low temperature side mid greenhouse. It is used for heating via a heat exchanger that communicates with, and the heat absorption during expansion of the cold room is used for cooling. In this case, an auxiliary cylinder and an auxiliary piston are provided between the middle greenhouse in the low temperature side cylinder and the crank chamber,
The working chamber (the same phase as the greenhouse in the low temperature part) formed below the auxiliary piston increases the volume change amount of the greenhouse in the low temperature part, and the heat absorption amount in the high temperature part decreases.

[0009]

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a hot gas engine equipped with an auxiliary cylinder and an auxiliary piston on the lower side of the middle greenhouse in the low temperature side cylinder, 1 is a high temperature side cylinder and 2 is a low temperature side cylinder. It is arranged so as to form a right angle. A high temperature side displacer 3 serving as a piston mechanism is arranged in the high temperature side cylinder 1 to divide the cylinder into a high temperature chamber 4 and a high temperature side medium greenhouse 5, and a low temperature side displacer 6 is arranged in the low temperature side cylinder 2. The cylinder is divided into a low temperature room 7 and a low temperature side middle greenhouse 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes a high temperature side gas passage that connects the high temperature chamber 4 and the high temperature side middle greenhouse 5, and the high temperature side gas passage 9 has a high temperature side heat exchanger 10, a high temperature side regenerator 11, and a high temperature side medium temperature for working gas heating. The side heat exchanger 12 is provided. Reference numeral 13 denotes a low temperature side gas passage that connects the low temperature chamber 7 and the low temperature side medium greenhouse 8 to the low temperature side gas exchanger 13.
A low temperature side regenerator 15 and a low temperature part medium temperature side heat exchanger 16 are provided. Further, the high temperature side middle greenhouse 5 and the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 communicate with each other through a communication passage 17. 18 is a low temperature side middle greenhouse 8
Is an auxiliary piston provided in an auxiliary cylinder 19 provided below the auxiliary cylinder 18, and the piston rod of the auxiliary piston 18 has a structure in which the low temperature side piston rod 26 of the low temperature side displacer 6 is shared, and the auxiliary chamber 20 is divided by the auxiliary piston 18.
The scavenging volume of the middle greenhouse 8 is made substantially larger than the scavenging volume of the low temperature chamber 7 in such a manner that it communicates with the middle greenhouse 8 of the low temperature side displacer 6 through the communication passage 17. Reference numeral 21 is a crank chamber communication passage that communicates with the crank chamber 32 from the space above the auxiliary piston 18. Reference numeral 22 denotes a high temperature side piston seal that shuts off the high temperature chamber 4 and the middle greenhouse 5. Reference numeral 23 denotes a low temperature side piston seal which shuts off the low temperature chamber 7 and the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8. Two
An auxiliary piston seal 4 is attached to the outer circumference of the auxiliary piston 18. Reference numeral 25 denotes a high temperature side piston rod projecting from the lower end of the high temperature side displacer 3, the front end of which is connected to a crank mechanism 31 at the end of a rotary shaft disposed in a crank chamber 32 via a link. 28 is a rod seal on the high temperature side, and 29
Is a low temperature side rod seal, and 30 is an auxiliary rod seal.

That is, in this embodiment, the auxiliary cylinder 19 and the auxiliary piston 18 are provided between the inside greenhouse 8 in the low temperature side cylinder and the crank chamber 32.
8 is used to increase the volume change amount of the greenhouse 8 in the low temperature section. Here, the auxiliary cylinder inner diameter, the auxiliary piston outer diameter, and the outer diameter of the piston rod in the working chamber are set to appropriate values. The space above the auxiliary piston 18 communicates with the crank chamber or is open to the atmosphere so as not to affect the engine cycle.

Explaining this operation, first, when the crank mechanism 31 rotated by a motor or the like makes a crank motion, the high temperature side displacer 3 and the low temperature side displacer 6 connected to the crank mechanism 31 are shifted by 90 °. It reciprocates with respect to the high temperature side cylinder 1 and the low temperature side cylinder 2.

Here, in the first step of FIG. 2, for example, the operation of both displacers 3 and 6 fills the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 with the working gas, and the movement of the working gas in the high temperature side middle greenhouse 5 occurs. . Along with this, the pressure of the working gas in the engine rises, and the working gas from the high temperature side middle greenhouse 5 whose temperature has risen releases heat contributing to heating to the outside when passing through the high temperature part middle temperature side heat exchanger 12. To do.

In the second step, the operation of both displacers 3 and 6 causes the high temperature chamber 4 to be filled with the working gas, and at the same time, the working gas in the middle greenhouse 8 on the low temperature side moves. Along with this, the working gas pressure in the engine further rises, and the working gas from the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 whose temperature has risen transfers the heat contributing to heating to the outside when passing through the low temperature part medium temperature side heat exchanger 16. discharge.

In the third step, the operation of both displacers 3 and 6 causes the low temperature chamber 7 to be filled with the working gas and the working gas in the high temperature chamber 4 to move. Along with this, the pressure of the working gas in the engine decreases, and the working gas from the high temperature chamber 4 whose temperature has dropped absorbs heat for driving the engine from the outside when passing through the high temperature side heat exchanger 10.

In the fourth step, the operation of both displacers 3 and 6 causes the hot middle greenhouse 5 to be filled with working gas, and the working gas in the cold room 7 to move. Along with this, the pressure of the working gas in the engine is further lowered, and the working gas from the low temperature chamber 7 whose temperature has dropped is cooled by the heat exchanger 1 on the low temperature side.
Heat that contributes to cooling when passing through 4 is absorbed from the outside.

Explaining in detail based on the relationship between the volume V of the working space and the pressure P in FIG. 2, since the scavenging volume of the low temperature side medium greenhouse 8 is increasing, the pressure at the time of heat absorption in the high temperature chamber 4 is increased. The amount of drop decreases (solid line in stroke 3, the dotted line shows the amount of change of the conventional type), and the heat absorption amount QH decreases. Correspondingly, when the heat is dissipated in the high temperature side middle greenhouse 5 as indicated by the solid line in the process 1, the amount of pressure increase decreases and the amount of heat dissipation QMh also decreases. However, since the amount of heat exchanged in the low temperature room 7 and the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 does not change, the cooling and heating performance coefficient is improved.

Another embodiment shown in FIG. 3 has an auxiliary cylinder and an auxiliary piston provided separately from the high temperature side and low temperature side cylinders. This is provided with an auxiliary cylinder 19 having an auxiliary piston 18 separately from the high temperature side cylinder 1 and the low temperature side cylinder 2 arranged at right angles, and the auxiliary piston rod 27 of the auxiliary cylinder 19 is transmitted separately from the high temperature side piston rod 25. It moves by a mechanism (not shown), and the auxiliary chamber 20 above the auxiliary cylinder 19 is connected to the communication passage 1
It is configured to communicate with 7. Reference numeral 24 is an auxiliary piston seal. In the case of the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the auxiliary cylinder inner diameter and the auxiliary piston outer diameter are selected to appropriate values, and the piston is arranged to increase the volume change amount of the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8. The phase difference is set.

In the other embodiment of FIG. 4, the middle greenhouse portion of the low temperature side cylinder and the low temperature side displacer is made larger than the low temperature chamber portion, and the volume of the middle greenhouse is made larger than that of the low temperature chamber. That is, the low temperature side cylinder 2 has a stepped shape in which the low temperature side medium greenhouse portion has a larger diameter cylinder 2a than the low temperature chamber portion, and the low temperature side displacer 6 also has a large portion that reciprocates in the large diameter cylinder. Diameter displacer 6a
It has a stepped shape. At this time, the low temperature side piston seal 23a is also added to the low temperature chamber portion, and the space formed between both piston seals is communicated with the crank chamber 32 through the crank communication passage 21 or is open to the atmosphere. In the case of the present embodiment, it is possible not only to increase the volume change amount of the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 but also to reduce the volume change amount of the low temperature chamber 7, and both can be expected to have substantially the same effect.

The effect of the present invention is shown in FIG. This is the engine performance obtained by a simple calculation, assuming that the working gas temperature in each part is constant during the cycle and the volume of each working chamber changes sinusoidally. As a result, the cooling and heating performance coefficient is improved by making the volume change amount of the low temperature side middle greenhouse 8 larger than that of the low temperature chamber 7.

In the figure, QC: Endothermic amount of low greenhouse, QM
1: Heat dissipation in the low-temperature side medium greenhouse QH: High-greenhouse heat absorption amount, QMh: Heat dissipation in the high-temperature side medium greenhouse COPC: Cooling performance coefficient, COPH: Heating performance coefficient VMl: Scavenging volume of the low-temperature middle greenhouse, ΔV: Increment volume

[0022]

As described above, the present invention focuses on the scavenging volume of the low temperature portion, intentionally increases the scavenging volume of the medium greenhouse at the lower temperature side than the low temperature chamber, and reduces the heat absorption amount in the high temperature portion. As a result, it is possible to provide a heat cycle engine capable of improving the cooling performance coefficient and the heating performance coefficient.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hot gas engine showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cycle basic stroke diagram of the hot gas engine.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hot gas engine according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hot gas engine according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an engine performance diagram showing the effect of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 high temperature side cylinder 2 low temperature side cylinder 3 high temperature side displacer 4 high greenhouse 5 high temperature side medium greenhouse 6 low temperature side displacer 7 low greenhouse 8 low temperature side medium greenhouse 9 high temperature side gas flow path 10 high temperature side heat exchanger 11 high temperature side regenerator 12 High temperature part middle temperature side heat exchanger side 13 Low temperature side gas flow path 14 Low temperature side heat exchanger 15 Low temperature side regenerator 16 Low temperature part medium temperature side heat exchanger 17 Communication passage 18 Auxiliary piston 19 Auxiliary cylinder 20 Auxiliary chamber 21 Crank chamber communication passage 31 crank mechanism 32 crank chamber

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A high temperature side cylinder and a low temperature side cylinder filled with working gas, a high temperature side displacer for partitioning the inside of the high temperature side cylinder into a high temperature chamber and a high temperature side middle greenhouse, and a low temperature chamber inside the low temperature side cylinder. And a low temperature side displacer that divides the high temperature side displacer into a low temperature side medium greenhouse, a rotary shaft to which the high temperature side displacer and the low temperature side displacer are connected via a rod and a link mechanism, respectively, and a gas that connects the high temperature chamber and the high temperature side medium greenhouse. High temperature side heat exchanger for heating working gas, high temperature side regenerator and medium temperature side heat exchanger arranged in the flow path, and low temperature side heat arranged in the gas flow path connecting the low temperature room and the low temperature side middle greenhouse In a hot gas engine consisting of an exchanger, a low temperature side regenerator and a medium temperature side heat exchanger, an auxiliary cylinder and an auxiliary pit for making the volume change amount of the low temperature side medium greenhouse larger than that of the low temperature chamber. A hot gas engine characterized by the provision of an engine. 2. A high temperature side cylinder and a low temperature side cylinder filled with a working gas, a high temperature side displacer for partitioning the inside of the high temperature side cylinder into a high temperature chamber and a high temperature side middle greenhouse, and a low temperature chamber inside the low temperature side cylinder. And a low temperature side displacer that divides the high temperature side displacer into a low temperature side medium greenhouse, a rotary shaft to which the high temperature side displacer and the low temperature side displacer are connected via a rod and a link mechanism, respectively, and a gas that connects the high temperature chamber and the high temperature side medium greenhouse. High temperature side heat exchanger for heating working gas, high temperature side regenerator and medium temperature side heat exchanger arranged in the flow path, and low temperature side heat arranged in the gas flow path connecting the low temperature room and the low temperature side middle greenhouse In a hot gas engine including an exchanger, a low temperature side regenerator and a medium temperature side heat exchanger, the low temperature side cylinder is a stepped structure in which the low temperature side medium greenhouse part is a cylinder having a larger diameter than the low temperature chamber side part. The hot gas engine has a cylindrical shape, and the low temperature side displacer has a stepped shape in which a portion that reciprocates in the large diameter cylinder is a large diameter displacer.