JPS6254280B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6254280B2 JPS6254280B2 JP8140182A JP8140182A JPS6254280B2 JP S6254280 B2 JPS6254280 B2 JP S6254280B2 JP 8140182 A JP8140182 A JP 8140182A JP 8140182 A JP8140182 A JP 8140182A JP S6254280 B2 JPS6254280 B2 JP S6254280B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ear
- external auditory
- auditory canal
- artificial ear
- pseudo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000032041 Hearing impaired Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は難聴者等が使用する補聴器の校正を
速かに行うための人工耳に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an artificial ear for quickly calibrating a hearing aid used by a hearing-impaired person.
従来の人工耳は、第1図の(a)〜(d)に示す4つの
形がある。 There are four types of conventional artificial ears shown in FIG. 1 (a) to (d).
(a) 外耳道2の奥の鼓膜の位置にマイクロホン3
を埋設したもの。(a) Microphone 3 is placed at the eardrum at the back of the ear canal 2.
buried.
(b) 外耳道2の奥を吸音材4等で無反射端にした
もの。(b) The back of the ear canal 2 is made into a non-reflective end with sound absorbing material 4, etc.
(c) 外耳道2の奥の鼓膜の位置に不織布等による
膜形音響抵抗体5を設けたもの。(c) A membrane-shaped acoustic resistor 5 made of nonwoven fabric or the like is provided at the eardrum position at the back of the ear canal 2.
(d) 外耳道2の奥に鼓膜インピーダンスに相当す
るいわゆるツイスロツキ(Zwislocki)形音響
インピーダンス素子7を設けたもの。(d) A so-called Zwislocki type acoustic impedance element 7 corresponding to the eardrum impedance is provided at the back of the ear canal 2.
上記第1図aの例では、耳介1に連結の外耳道
2の奥の鼓膜の位置にマイクロホン3を配置した
ものであるが、マイクロホン3の(振動板を含め
て)音響インピーダンスを人間の鼓膜の音響イン
ピーダンスと同じにすることは現状技術では達成
できない。 In the example shown in Figure 1a above, the microphone 3 is placed at the position of the eardrum at the back of the external auditory canal 2 connected to the pinna 1. It is not possible to achieve the same acoustic impedance with the current technology.
第1図bの例では、外耳道2の奥に吸音材4
を、側面にマイクロホン3を配置したものである
が、外耳道2内部が進行波音場を成形し、外耳道
2の固有共振が無くなつてしまう。 In the example shown in FIG. 1b, the sound absorbing material 4
Although the microphone 3 is placed on the side, the inside of the ear canal 2 forms a traveling wave sound field, and the natural resonance of the ear canal 2 is eliminated.
ここで耳の音響特性を表わす量として、鼓膜上
の音圧(人工耳においてはマイクロホン部での音
圧)と外耳道入口の音圧の比をとり、これを伝達
関数と呼ぶ。 Here, as a quantity representing the acoustic characteristics of the ear, we take the ratio of the sound pressure on the eardrum (the sound pressure at the microphone part in the case of an artificial ear) and the sound pressure at the entrance of the ear canal, and this is called the transfer function.
この従来例の第1図a,bの構成による伝達関
数は、第2図a,bに示すように実耳の伝達関数
(斜線内)と著しく異なり、補聴器の校正用人工
耳としては別の校正手段、補正手段を併用しない
と使用できない不適当なものであつた。 The transfer function of this conventional example with the configuration shown in Fig. 1 a, b is significantly different from the transfer function of the real ear (indicated by diagonal lines) as shown in Fig. 2 a, b, and is not suitable for use as an artificial ear for calibrating hearing aids. It was an inappropriate method that could not be used unless a calibration means and a correction means were used together.
また第1図cの例では、外耳道2の奥を空洞6
にした外耳道2との境に膜形音響抵抗体5を配置
したもの、第1図dの例では、外耳道2の奥にツ
イスロツキ形音響インピーダンス素子7を介して
マイクロホン3を配置したものであるが、この第
1図c,dの構成による伝達関数は第2図c,d
に示すように、実耳の伝達関数(斜線内)に実用
上問題ない程度に合わせることができる。しか
し、第1図cの例では、実耳の鼓膜の位置に鼓膜
を模した膜形音響抵抗体5を設け、この疑似鼓膜
より奥の空洞6のステイフネスとのバランスによ
つて実耳の伝達関数に合わせるので、音響抵抗体
5の材質と空洞6の大きさが特性を決める重要な
要素になる。この膜形音響抵抗体5は、不織布等
の微細な通気孔を有する膜であり特性をそろえた
物を作ることが難かしく、さらに音波により音響
抵抗体5を振動する時に、空気中に漂うちりがこ
の音響抵抗体5に付着して通気孔の目詰りを生ず
るために、使用と共に伝達関数が変化してしまい
実用性のないものであつた。 Furthermore, in the example shown in FIG. 1c, the inner part of the external auditory canal 2
In the example shown in FIG. 1d, a microphone 3 is placed deep inside the ear canal 2 via a twist-type acoustic impedance element 7. , the transfer function with the configuration shown in Fig. 1 c, d is shown in Fig. 2 c, d
As shown in , it is possible to match the transfer function of the real ear (indicated by diagonal lines) to an extent that causes no practical problems. However, in the example shown in FIG. 1c, a membrane-shaped acoustic resistor 5 imitating the eardrum is provided at the position of the eardrum of the real ear, and the transmission in the real ear is achieved by balancing the stiffness of the cavity 6 deeper than the pseudo eardrum. Since the characteristics are matched to a function, the material of the acoustic resistor 5 and the size of the cavity 6 are important factors in determining the characteristics. This membrane-type acoustic resistor 5 is made of a non-woven fabric or the like with fine ventilation holes, and it is difficult to make one with uniform characteristics.Furthermore, when the acoustic resistor 5 is vibrated by sound waves, it is difficult to create a membrane with fine ventilation holes. is attached to the acoustic resistor 5 and causes clogging of the ventilation holes, so that the transfer function changes with use, making it impractical.
第1図dの例では、音響インピーダンス素子7
が複数の空洞と、これと外耳道2を結ぶ直径0.4
〜0.7mmの細管から構成されているので、構成が
複雑である上に、第1図cの例と同様にこの細管
内に侵入、付着したごみによる伝達関数の劣化を
生じやすく、これを防止するために使用のつど分
解、掃除、調整の作業を実施しなければならず実
用不向きなものであつた。 In the example of FIG. 1d, the acoustic impedance element 7
is a diameter of 0.4 that connects multiple cavities and external auditory canal 2.
Since it is composed of ~0.7 mm thin tubes, the structure is complex, and as in the example in Figure 1 c, the transfer function is likely to deteriorate due to dirt entering and adhering to the thin tubes, so this can be prevented. In order to do so, it required disassembly, cleaning, and adjustment each time it was used, making it unsuitable for practical use.
この発明の目的は、上記従来技術の欠点を除去
し、構成が簡単で安定した伝達関数を与え、簡便
に使用できるようにした補聴器校正用人工耳を提
供するものである。 An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial ear for hearing aid calibration which eliminates the drawbacks of the prior art described above, has a simple structure, provides a stable transfer function, and is easy to use.
このため発明は、外耳道の終端に外耳道の直径
と異なる直径の音響管を接続して実耳の伝達関数
に合うように構成した人工耳で、目詰りを起こし
やすい膜形音響抵抗体や複雑な音響インピーダン
ス素子を用いることなく、無調整、無保守で使用
できる。 For this reason, the invention is an artificial ear that is configured to match the transfer function of a real ear by connecting an acoustic tube with a diameter different from the diameter of the ear canal to the end of the ear canal. It can be used without adjustment or maintenance without using an acoustic impedance element.
以下この発明を実施例と共に説明する。 This invention will be explained below along with examples.
第3図において、11は疑似頭であり、この疑
似頭11の外周部には耳介1が一体に形成されて
いる。2は耳介1を介して疑似頭11内に形成さ
れた外耳道、3は外耳道2の終端近傍側面に取付
けられたマイクロホンであり、外耳道2の終端に
は終端インピーダンスを与えるために、外耳道2
の直径より小さい直径の音響管8が接続してあ
る。音響管8の外耳道2と接続していない端部9
は開放端になつている。 In FIG. 3, reference numeral 11 denotes a pseudo-head, and the auricle 1 is integrally formed on the outer circumference of this pseudo-head 11. 2 is an external auditory canal formed in the pseudo head 11 via the auricle 1; 3 is a microphone attached to the side surface near the end of the external auditory canal 2;
An acoustic tube 8 having a diameter smaller than the diameter of is connected. End portion 9 of acoustic tube 8 that is not connected to external auditory canal 2
is an open end.
この構成では、外耳道2の直径は7〜8mm、長
さは20〜25mmで、音響管8の直径は3〜5mm、長
さは約4mである。音響管8には、いわゆるビニ
ール管を用い、これをうず巻き状に巻いて疑似頭
11の内部を収納した。 In this configuration, the ear canal 2 has a diameter of 7 to 8 mm and a length of 20 to 25 mm, and the acoustic tube 8 has a diameter of 3 to 5 mm and a length of about 4 m. A so-called vinyl tube was used as the acoustic tube 8, and the inside of the pseudo head 11 was housed by winding it into a spiral shape.
このように構成した人工耳の伝達関数は、第2
図eに示すように実耳の特性の人によるバラツキ
の範囲内(斜線内)に入つている。 The transfer function of the artificial ear configured in this way is
As shown in Figure e, the actual ear characteristics fall within the range of variation among people (within the diagonal lines).
上記のように、この発明の構成は、直径の異つ
た2つの管が直列に接続した簡単なものであり、
従来品で目詰りを起こすようなちりに対して何の
悪影響を受けることなく安定した伝達関数を得る
ことができる。また、振動膜がない堅牢な構造体
であるため、従来品に比べて取扱いが容易であ
る。 As mentioned above, the structure of the present invention is a simple one in which two pipes of different diameters are connected in series.
A stable transfer function can be obtained without being adversely affected by dust that causes clogging in conventional products. Additionally, since it has a robust structure without a vibrating membrane, it is easier to handle than conventional products.
第4図に示す他の実施例は、外耳道2と音響管
8の接合に、断面積が徐々に変化する接合管10
を用いたもので、この構成においても前述の効果
は同じであつた。 In another embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a joint tube 10 whose cross-sectional area gradually changes is used to connect the external auditory canal 2 and the acoustic tube 8.
The above-mentioned effects were the same in this configuration as well.
さらに、外耳道2と音響管8の接合部を第5図
に示すような嵌合構造にしても実質的な特性変化
はなかつた。 Furthermore, even when the joint between the external auditory canal 2 and the acoustic tube 8 was made into a fitting structure as shown in FIG. 5, there was no substantial change in the characteristics.
また、音響管8の端部9は音響管8の長さが3
m以上の場合には開放端としても閉端としても特
性に差異は認められなかつた。音響管8の長さが
3m未満の場合には特性に差が生じてくるが、実
耳の特性のバラツキの範囲内であれば実用上問題
はない。 Further, the length of the sound tube 8 is 3 at the end 9 of the sound tube 8.
In the case of m or more, no difference was observed in the characteristics between open end and closed end. If the length of the sound tube 8 is less than 3 m, there will be a difference in the characteristics, but there is no problem in practical use as long as it is within the range of variations in the characteristics of the real ear.
したがつて、この発明によれば微細な通気孔を
有する振動膜や細孔と空洞の組合せから成る音響
インピーダンス回路といつたものを何も必要とせ
ず、単に二つの管を直列に接合した簡単な構成で
使用に簡便な人工耳が得られる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no need for anything such as a diaphragm having minute ventilation holes or an acoustic impedance circuit consisting of a combination of pores and cavities, but a simple structure consisting of two tubes connected in series. With this configuration, an easy-to-use artificial ear can be obtained.
さて、この人工耳は疑似頭11に装着されてい
るが、疑似頭11が無ければ従来の音響カプラと
呼ばれている耳部だけの人工耳と同様の効果を得
られることは明白である。疑似頭11があること
により、耳かけ形補聴器、めがね形補聴器、耳介
部そう入形補聴器等の人頭の回折効果、両耳効果
等が問題になる補聴器の校正が可能になる。耳介
1を交換可能な構造にしておけば、耳介1による
個人差の補正も可能になる。さらに、この人工耳
を装備した疑似頭11を人間の身体の外形と同様
な形状を持つた疑似胴に装着すれば、補聴器のマ
イクロホン部を洋服の胸ポケツト等に装着して使
用する形の補聴器に対しても、人体の回折効果、
バツフル効果等による補正校正用に適用できる。 Now, this artificial ear is attached to a pseudo head 11, but it is clear that without the pseudo head 11, the same effect as a conventional artificial ear with only an ear part called an acoustic coupler can be obtained. The presence of the pseudo head 11 makes it possible to calibrate hearing aids such as behind-the-ear hearing aids, glasses-type hearing aids, pinna-in-the-auricular hearing aids, etc., in which the diffraction effect of the human head, the binaural effect, etc. are problematic. If the auricle 1 has a replaceable structure, it becomes possible to correct individual differences in the auricle 1. Furthermore, if the pseudo head 11 equipped with the artificial ears is attached to a pseudo torso having a shape similar to the external shape of the human body, a hearing aid that can be used by attaching the microphone part of the hearing aid to a chest pocket of clothes, etc. Also, due to the diffraction effect of the human body,
It can be applied to correction calibration due to the buff-full effect, etc.
第1図a〜dは従来の構造図、第2図は伝達関
数特性図、第3図はこの発明の一実施例の構造
図、第4図はこの発明の他実施例の構造図、第5
図はこの発明のさらに他の実施例の構造図であ
る。
符号の説明 1…耳介、2…外耳道、3…マイ
クロホン、8…音響管、9…音響管の端部、10
…接続管、11…疑似頭。
Figures 1 a to d are structural diagrams of the conventional structure, Figure 2 is a transfer function characteristic diagram, Figure 3 is a structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, 5
The figure is a structural diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols 1...Auricle, 2...Earth canal, 3...Microphone, 8...Acoustic tube, 9...End of acoustic tube, 10
...Connecting tube, 11...Pseudo head.
Claims (1)
て、この外耳道の終端に外耳道の径より小さい径
の音響管を接続し、かつこの外耳道の側面にマイ
クロホンを設けたことを特徴とする人工耳。 2 前記外耳道と前記音響管の接合部の断面積を
徐々に変化させた特許請求の範囲第1項記載の人
工耳。 3 前記人工耳が人間の頭と同等の疑似頭の外周
部に形成された耳介を介して前記疑似頭内部に形
成された特許請求の範囲第1項又は第2項記載の
人工耳。 4 前記疑似頭が人間の身体の外形と同等の疑似
胴体に装着された特許請求の範囲第3項記載の人
工耳。[Claims] 1. An artificial ear having a tube corresponding to the external auditory canal, characterized in that an acoustic tube having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the external auditory canal is connected to the end of the external auditory canal, and a microphone is provided on the side of the external auditory canal. artificial ear. 2. The artificial ear according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the joint between the external auditory canal and the acoustic tube is gradually changed. 3. The artificial ear according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the artificial ear is formed inside the pseudo head via an auricle formed on the outer periphery of the pseudo head, which is equivalent to a human head. 4. The artificial ear according to claim 3, wherein the pseudo head is attached to a pseudo torso having an outer shape equivalent to that of a human body.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8140182A JPS58198338A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1982-05-17 | Artificial ear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8140182A JPS58198338A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1982-05-17 | Artificial ear |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS58198338A JPS58198338A (en) | 1983-11-18 |
JPS6254280B2 true JPS6254280B2 (en) | 1987-11-13 |
Family
ID=13745288
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8140182A Granted JPS58198338A (en) | 1982-05-17 | 1982-05-17 | Artificial ear |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS58198338A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
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---|---|---|---|---|
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JP5762505B2 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2015-08-12 | 京セラ株式会社 | Ear mold part, artificial head, measurement system using these, and measurement method |
JP6243223B2 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2017-12-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | Measuring system and measuring method |
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JP2015165717A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-09-17 | 京セラ株式会社 | Measurement system and measurement method |
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-
1982
- 1982-05-17 JP JP8140182A patent/JPS58198338A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016071297A (en) * | 2014-10-01 | 2016-05-09 | 有限会社サンラボ | Training tool |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS58198338A (en) | 1983-11-18 |
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