JPS625314Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

The present invention relates to a lightweight construction board with excellent heat insulation and flame retardancy. In general, synthetic resin foams such as polyurethane foams are lightweight and have excellent heat insulation properties, workability, and corrosion resistance, so they are widely used as core materials for building materials. However, since this seed core material is easily flammable, it has been necessary to apply some kind of flame retardant method to it. There are two main methods for achieving this: additive type or introduction of a heat-resistant structure. but,
The former has the disadvantage that if a large amount of borax is mixed in to obtain the desired flame retardancy for reactive and foamable raw materials such as polyurethane resins, the foam structure will be disturbed, the insulation properties will be reduced, and the cost will increase. In addition, in the latter case, the foam carbonizes, but it cannot follow the volume shrinkage and deformation of other parts during carbonization, and since this type of foam itself is brittle, cracks are severe throughout the entire thickness of the foam, and as a result, the cracked part becomes a space. Therefore, it is flame retardant class 3 (JIS-A-1321
No.) also had some flaws that made it impossible to pass. Another disadvantage of this type of foam is that it is brittle even under normal conditions, has poor mechanical strength (bending, compression, impact), and easily breaks. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention uses a synthetic resin foam as a core material that is flammable but has elasticity, resistance to bending and impact, and has excellent adhesive properties, and adds non-combustible heat insulation under high heat. By interposing a foam sheet layer that functions as a layer, an isolation layer, and a cooling layer, and integrally laminating a waterproof sheet on top of it, it has flame retardancy that can pass grade 3 flame retardancy, and is usually lightweight. We propose a construction board that is easy to produce and has high thermal insulation properties and mechanical strength. An embodiment of the construction board according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing a basic example of a construction board according to the present invention. In the figures, 1 is a construction board with a combustible synthetic resin foam 2 and a foam noncombustible sheet layer 3. , waterproof sheet 4 are integrally laminated in this order. That is,
The synthetic resin foam 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as foam 2) mainly functions as a core material, heat insulation, adhesive, and waterproof material, and is specifically made of polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam, and polyethylene foam. There are two methods for forming the foam 2: using a molded body and injecting raw materials and foaming and curing. When using the former, the foam 2 is integrated with other members via an adhesive. Also, when using the latter, adhesive is not required and instead the foam 2
Utilizes the self-adhesive properties that occur when raw materials react and foam. Furthermore, the foamable noncombustible sheet layer 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as sheet 3) prevents or significantly suppresses combustion of the foam 2. That is, the sheet 3 is a non-combustible sheet 3a that functions as a core material and a reinforcing material, and releases crystal water under high temperature.
It is composed of a sodium borate compound 3b that gradually expands and expands to form an inorganic foam layer with a high melting point.
This specific structure is one in which a nonflammable sheet 3a is impregnated or coated with a sodium borate compound 3b. Therefore, when the sheet 3 is exposed to high heat, the noncombustible sheet 3a functions as a planar noncombustible reinforcing material and a core material, and the sodium borate compound impregnated therein acts as a fireproof and noncombustible heat insulation layer, an isolation layer, The inorganic foam layer that acts as a cooling layer is used as a waterproof sheet 4
and form 2. Specific examples of the noncombustible sheet 3a include glass fiber cloth, asbestos paper, rock wool paper, and other nonwoven fabrics, and its thickness is selected depending on the application and degree of heat resistance. Furthermore, as sodium borate compound 3b (2, 4, 5, 6,
8) When expressed by sodium borate, sodium metaborate and the general formula xNa ₂ O・yB ₂ O ₃・zH ₂ O,
0.25x/y1.50, 0.8(x+y)≦z<5(x
+y) and one or more other boron compounds. Note that when a sodium borate compound is used, impregnation or coating is easy. ○There is sufficient crystallized water, and a large amount of non-flammable gas (steam) is released when exposed to heat, making it fireproof, fireproof,
Improves heat resistance. ○ As crystal water gradually decreases and reaches a certain viscosity, an inorganic foam layer is formed. In addition, in order to easily obtain the composition represented by the general formula, for example, the mixing ratio is 380 parts by weight of borax (decahydrate), 70 parts by weight of caustic soda, and 80 parts by weight of water, and the mixture is placed in a container. Mix and heat, dry with cold air, etc., and crush the lumps. Note that other inorganic powders may be added when dissolving, impregnating, and coating the sodium borate. Examples of the powder include perlite powder, talc, bentonite, zeolite, aluminum hydroxide powder, calcium powder, gypsum powder, phosphate powder, and the like. Further, the waterproof sheet 4 described above protects the sheet 3 from water, rainwater, outside air, etc., and also functions as a reinforcing material and a facing material. Specific examples include kraft paper laminated with aluminum foil and polyethylene sheet, terfelt laminated with polystyrene sheet, other plastic sheets laminated with paper, cloth, metal foil, etc., metal foil, and metal. These include boards, asphalt roofing, etc. Furthermore, 5 is used when pasting the sheet 3 and the waterproof sheet 4 with adhesive, or when forming the form 2 and the sheet 3.
It is used when adhering these materials together, and its material is generally made of commonly used synthetic resin materials, for example. A hard metal plate 6 is attached to the back surface of the form 2 (as shown in FIG. 3) to give rigidity to the architectural board 1. of course,
In terms of flame retardancy, there is no cracking or destruction on the back side. Next, the fire resistance (JIS-A
The results of the flame retardant grade 3 surface test according to No. 1321 are shown in the table below.

【table】

[Table] The structure of the test specimens corresponds to Figure 1 for Example 1, Figure 2 for Example 2, and Figure 3 for Example 3.Form 2 in each case is polyurethane foam (density 49Kg). /m ² ), asbestos paper with a thickness of 0.3 mm as the noncombustible sheet 3a, and as the sodium borate compound 3b, sodium metaborate was applied by spraying at a rate of about 100 g/m ² in all Examples.
Impregnated and cured. In addition, as the waterproof sheet 4, in Example 1, an aluminum foil 4b with a thickness of 0.2 mm was used.
and a 0.1 mm thick polyethylene sheet 4a, in Example 2, a 0.2 mm thick vinyl chloride sheet 4 is formed on a 0.1 mm thick asbestos paper 4b.
In Example 3, the waterproof sheet 4 was the same as above, and the metal plate 6 was a 0.5 mm aluminum plate. In addition, as a comparative example, asbestos paper ( ^thickness
This is a construction board with 0.3mm) pasted on it. Note that the heating surfaces are all surfaces on which the sheet 3 is present. Further, the test specimens were subjected to a test to compare their thermal insulation properties at high temperatures as shown in FIG. First, the surface on which the sheet 3 of Example etc. is present was exposed perpendicularly to the tip (420° C.) of Bunsen burner A, and the temperature at point B on the extended line was measured 10 minutes later. The results were 156℃ for Example 1, 112℃ for Example 2, 140℃ for Example 3, and 140℃ for Comparative Example.
It was 370℃. As described above, the construction board according to the present invention has fire resistance and heat resistance that pass grade 3 flame retardancy due to the effects described above. In addition, it has the characteristics that it can be used effectively without sacrificing the heat insulation properties, light weight, and workability of synthetic resin foam.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are cross-sectional views showing an example of a building board according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a test method for measuring the heat insulation properties of the building board at high temperatures. 1... Architectural board, 2... Synthetic resin foam, 3...
... Foaming noncombustible sheet layer, 4... Waterproof sheet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A noncombustible sheet layer is applied to at least one side of a combustible synthetic resin foam by impregnating or coating the noncombustible sheet with a sodium borate compound that releases crystal water at high temperatures and gradually expands to form an inorganic foam layer. A construction board characterized in that a waterproof sheet is integrally laminated on the sheet layer.