JPS607164Y2 - architectural board - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a lightweight construction board with excellent heat insulation and fire resistance.

In general, synthetic resin foams are lightweight and have excellent heat insulation properties, workability, and corrosion resistance, so they are widely used as core materials for building materials.

However, since this seed core material is easily combustible, some argue that smoke, combustion gas, etc. generated in the event of a fire pose a danger to human life.

Therefore, due to this danger, flame retardant using raw material components as a method to improve so-called flammability, ■ Additive flame retardant, so-called organic type,
Addition of inorganic flame retardants, ■Low melting point method, ■Post-treatment method, ■
Proposals include the introduction of a heat-resistant structure (a typical example is polyisocyanurate foam), and flame-retardant methods using specific treatments.

In particular, improvement methods (■) and (2) are mainstream and have been put into practical use.

However, with these single methods, there are almost no materials that have flame retardancy that meets standards for quasi-incombustibility and fireproof construction.

Even if the messenger had existed, this product had the drawback of being impractical, as it ignored insulation and cost.

Also, members have been proposed that have improved flame retardancy by simply combining a plurality of these measures.

However, even in this case, the drawbacks of both methods were not completely eliminated.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention uses a synthetic resin foam with heat insulation and fire resistance as a core material, and also solves the weaknesses of these materials alone such as flammability, brittleness of the foam itself, and mechanical strength. Inorganic foam is a reinforcing material and core material that functions as a non-combustible insulation layer, isolation layer, and cooling layer under high heat. A foam sheet layer that also forms a layer is used to prevent deterioration of the waterproof and fireproof performance of the sodium borate compound by integrally laminating a waterproof sheet on top of the foam sheet layer. We propose a construction board that is heat resistant, usually lightweight, has high heat insulation properties, and is easy to produce.

An embodiment of the construction board according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Figures 1 to 3 are explanatory diagrams showing a basic example of a construction board according to the present invention. A noncombustible sheet 3 and a waterproof sheet 4 are laminated integrally in this order.

That is, the synthetic resin foam 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as foam 2) mainly functions as a core material, heat insulating material, heat resistant material, adhesive, and waterproof material, and specifically, it is made of polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, etc. , consisting of ureaform.

There are two methods for forming the foam 2: using a molded body and injecting raw materials and foaming and curing. When using the former, the foam 2 is integrated with other members via an adhesive.

Moreover, when the latter is used, an adhesive is not required, and instead, the self-adhesive property of the foam 2 that occurs when the raw materials react and foam is utilized.

Furthermore, the foamable noncombustible sheet layer 3 (hereinafter simply referred to as the sheet 3) is a noncombustible reinforcing material that prevents cracks that occur when the foam 2 is unable to follow the thermal deformation of other members and cracks that occur due to shrinkage of the foam 2 itself. The nonflammable sheet 3a is made of a nonflammable sheet 3a and a sodium borate compound 3b that releases crystal water at high temperatures and gradually expands to form an inorganic foam layer with a high melting point. be.

Therefore, when this sheet 3 is exposed to high heat, the non-combustible sheet 3a serves as a planar reinforcing material and a core material to provide heat insulation, fire resistance, and a high melting point, as well as form a large-scale inorganic foam layer. This functions as a fireproof non-insulating layer, a heat deformation isolation layer, and a cooling layer, and reliably prevents the infiltration of high heat and fire.

Specific examples of the noncombustible sheet 3a include glass fiber (glass cloth), asbestos paper, rock wool paper,
Other nonwoven fabrics, etc., and the thickness is selected depending on the application and degree of heat resistance.

Furthermore, the sodium borate compound 3b has (2, 4, 5, 6, 8) sodium borate, sodium metaborate, and when expressed by the general formula XNa20-yB203.zH20, 0.25<x/y<=1.50. 0.8(x+
y) Consists of a composition within the range of 4z<5 (x+y) and one or more other boron compounds.

Note that the use of a sodium borate compound allows easy impregnation or coating.

@There is sufficient crystal water, and a large amount of non-flammable gas (steam) is released when exposed to heat, improving fire resistance, fire resistance, and heat resistance.

○As crystal water decreases, an inorganic foam layer is formed when the viscosity reaches a certain level.

In addition, in order to easily obtain the composition represented by the general formula, for example, the composition should be mixed at a ratio of 380 parts by weight of borax (decahydrate), 70 parts by weight of caustic soda, and 8 parts by weight of water. Mix and heat the mixture, dry with cold air, etc., and crush the lumps.

Note that other inorganic powders may be added when dissolving, impregnating, and coating the sodium borate.

Examples of the powder include perlite powder, talc, bentonite, zeolite, aluminum hydroxide powder, calcium powder, gypsum powder, phosphate powder, and the like.

Further, the waterproof sheet 4 described above protects the sheet 3 from water, rainwater, outside air, etc., and also functions as a reinforcing material and a facing material.

Specific examples include kraft paper laminated with aluminum foil, kraft paper laminated with aluminum foil and polyethylene sheet, terfelt laminated with polystyrene sheet, other plastic sheets and paper or cloth, and metal foil. etc., asphalt roofing, etc.

Furthermore, 5 is a material used when attaching the sheet 3 and the waterproof sheet 4 with an adhesive, or when attaching the form 2 of the molded object and the sheet 3 together, and the material is not normally used. There is.

For example, synthetic resin threads are common.

Next, the fire resistance of the construction board according to the present invention (JIS-A-13
The results of the quasi-noncombustible material surface test according to No. 21 are shown in the table below.

The structures of the test specimens correspond to those in Example 1 shown in FIG. 1, Example 2 shown in FIG. 2, and Example 3 shown in FIG.
/Po), the thickness of the nonflammable sheet 3a is 0.37717
Asbestos paper No. 71 and sodium borate compound 3b, sodium metaborate was applied by spraying at a rate of about 100 fI/lyl'' in all Examples, and the paper was impregnated and cured.

In addition, the waterproof sheet 4 in Example 1 was made by integrally forming an aluminum foil 4b with a thickness of 0.2rrvn and a polyethylene sheet 4a with a thickness of 0.1rIrIn, and in Example 2, asbestos paper with a thickness of 0.1mm was used. 0.21r on 4b
A waterproof sheet 4 made by laminating a polyvinyl chloride sheet 4a with a thickness of rIn, and in Example 3, an aluminum foil 4a with a thickness of 0.2 mm and a kraft paper 4 with a thickness of 0.1rIrIn.
A waterproof sheet 4 laminated with b was used.

Comparative Example 2 is a construction board in which asbestos paper (thickness 0.3 mm) is adhered to both sides of polyurethane foam (density 52 kg/rrr).

Note that the heating surfaces are all surfaces on which the sheet 3 is present.

Further, the test specimens were subjected to a test to compare their thermal insulation properties at high temperatures as shown in FIG.

First, in Examples, the surface on which the sheet 3 is present was exposed perpendicularly to the tip (850° C.) of the Bunsen burner A, and the temperature of the m-minute diameter of point B on the extended line was measured.

The results were 140°C in Example 1 and 90°C in Example 2.
The temperature was 125°C in Example 3, and 420°C in Comparative Example.

As described above, the construction board according to the present invention has fire resistance and heat resistance that pass the quasi-noncombustible material test due to the effects (1) to (O) described above.

In addition, it has the characteristics that it can be used effectively without sacrificing the heat insulation properties, light weight, and workability of synthetic resin foam.

Furthermore, the carbonized layer of the foam 2 and the inorganic foam layer with the sheet 3 as a core material have excellent heat insulation properties when exposed to high heat.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 3 are cross-sectional views showing an example of a building board according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a test method for measuring the heat insulation properties of the building board at high temperatures. 1... Building board, 2... Synthetic resin foam, 3... Foaming noncombustible sheet layer, 4...
- Waterproof sheet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A nonflammable sheet is impregnated or coated with a sodium borate compound that releases crystal water at high temperatures and gradually expands to form an inorganic foam layer, on at least one side of a synthetic resin foam that carbonizes when exposed to high heat. 1. A construction board comprising a noncombustible sheet layer and a waterproof sheet integrally laminated on the sheet layer.