JPS6250391A - Treatment of combustible gas for making composition variable - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to produce a combustible gas of an arbitrary compsn. safely and continuously on an industrial scale and additionally to vary freely a calorific value and a composition, by blending and partially burning several hydrocarbon fuels having different composns. CONSTITUTION:Several hydrocarbon fuels having different compsns. are blended and partially burned. As said hydrocarbon fuels to be blended are used those having more unsaturated bonds and those having fewer unsaturated bonds in combination. Pref. exaurples are combinations of methane and benzene, methane and acetylene, and methane and pyridine. According to the above method it is possible to vary freely both a calorific value and a compsn. which have been given constant in the conventional partial burning when the fuel material and the want of air are predetermined, and it is also possible to vary freely the compsn. of the combustible gas even if the combustible gas having the same calorific value is to be obtd. from the same combination of the fuel materials.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention ■1 Purpose of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is directed to a water gas or a synthetic gas which mainly consists of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing flammable gas. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modification method that varies the composition of a combustible gas (including water gas and synthesis gas herein) when producing a combustible gas (including water gas and synthesis gas in this specification) from a gaseous or liquid feedstock hydrocarbon by partial combustion. The present invention relates to a processing method and apparatus.

(Prior Art) In recent years, the development of coal conversion and utilization technology, that is, the development of coal gasification or liquefaction technology, has been proposed as a national project and is being promoted in various countries. As part of this development, the gas produced by coal gasification (hereinafter referred to as coal gasified gas or produced gas), especially 2000 kcal/N
Less than m 3 (7) Parallel development of low-calorie gas turbines, burners, etc. that use low-calorie gas as fuel is required.

When developing this type of low-calorie gas turbines and burners, it is necessary to use simulated gas on an industrial scale to evaluate the performance, efficiency, stability, etc. of the combustor, as coal casing technology is currently in the development stage. is required in large quantities. In addition, if the composition of the raw coal is heterogeneous or of different types, the calorific value and composition of the generated gas will vary, so it is necessary to prepare a wide variety of simulated gases.

Therefore, the present inventors used the conventional partial combustion method (Encyclopedia of Chemistry 7, No. 918) to continuously produce synthesis raw material gases such as ammonia and methanol from hydrocarbon raw materials.
Page: Published by Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd. on October 15, 1981), we have developed a means to continuously produce flammable scum with a predetermined calorific value on an industrial scale in large quantities and at low cost using hydrocarbon fuel itself as a raw material. Thought.

In this partial combustion method, a part of the raw material hydrocarbon is combusted with oxygen or air, and the residual hydrocarbon is transformed using the generated heat to continuously produce synthesis raw material gas. This is a suitable manufacturing method for obtaining.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this conventional partial combustion method, once the raw material fuel and the air shortage are determined, the calorific value and composition of the resulting combustible gas are uniquely determined. Must have. Therefore, when producing simulated scum using the partial combustion method,
Even if the desired calorific value is obtained, the composition may be quite different from that of the produced gas that is intended for use. As a simulated fuel gas, it is most important that the calorific value be as specified, but its composition cannot be completely ignored; in particular, the presence of hydrogen has a significant impact on the performance of the combustor. Therefore, unless it is made to approximate an actual gas, its significance as a simulated gas diminishes. Of course, it is also possible to change the composition of the simulated gas by changing the raw material fuel, but in this case, the composition cannot be changed freely and cannot be said to be sufficient for practical use.

According to the gas conversion treatment using the conventional partial combustion method,
Not only in the production of the above-mentioned simulated gas, but also in the production of other combustible gases, there is an inconvenience that the composition etc. cannot be changed to the optimum one depending on the application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a conversion treatment method that can safely and continuously produce a large amount of combustible gas of any composition from ordinary fuel on an industrial scale. More specifically, the present invention allows f! The object of the present invention is to provide a method for converting combustible gas and fuel gas.

II. Structure of the Invention (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the combustible gas shift treatment method of the present invention mixes a plurality of types of hydrocarbon fuels with different compositions and The composition is made variable by burning it and taking a value between the two compositions depending on the blended amount of the mixed fuel.

(Example) First, a specific example of an apparatus for implementing the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a neck device for carrying out the combustible gas conversion treatment method of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a gas conversion furnace, 2 is a combustor, and 3 is a heat exchanger. Combustion air that has been preheated using the heat of the discharged generated gas is transferred to the combustor 2.
A plurality of types of hydrocarbon fuels having different compositions are supplied, a portion of which is combusted, and the residual hydrocarbon fuel is denatured by the combustion heat.

Here, the gas conversion furnace 1 partially burns hydrocarbon-based gas or liquid fuel in the absence of air while supplying air or an oxidizing agent, and converts the raw material gas into a gas having a predetermined edge ratio and composition. It is marketed as something that transforms into.

The gas conversion furnace 1 is provided so that steam or water can be injected, and it is also possible to use these to rapidly cool the generated gas or perform a partial conversion action.

The method for converting combustible gas according to the present invention will be described in detail below using the converting apparatus configured as described above.

In the gas conversion furnace 1, a hydrocarbon-based raw material fuel such as methane is partially combusted in an air-deficient state and converted into a low-calorie gas having a predetermined calorific value. Normally, in gas transformation by partial combustion, once the raw material fuel and air shortage are determined, the heat generation d and the composition (mainly H2/C
o ratio) is determined at the same time. For example, taking methane and benzene as an example, it is clear that there is a certain relationship between the air ratio and the calorific value of the generated gas, as shown in FIG. In addition, the composition exists on one line as shown in Figure 3,
It is clear that there is a certain relationship between the air ratio and the calorific value.

For this reason, the calorific value and composition of the combustible gas obtained by modifying methane gas, for example, change along the solid line indicated by the reference numeral 10 in FIG. 3.

Further, when benzene is used as a fuel, the composition changes on the solid line indicated by the reference numeral 12. Therefore, when the air ratio is determined based on the specified calorific value, the composition (particularly H2, Co) of the generated combustible gas is uniquely determined. For example, using methane gas as a raw material, the calorific value is 1000kc.
When generating low calorie gas of al/Nm3, H221,5vol%, Co13vo1%,1
500kcal/Nm 3 (1) Tokiniha, H234
VOI%, Co i8 vo1%.

However, two types of hydrocarbon fuels having different compositions are appropriately blended, and the composition is set between the two composition curves 1.0.12 in accordance with the blending ratio in the gas conversion furnace 1. That is, by appropriately blending methane and benzene and appropriately setting the air ratio, it is possible to freely generate combustible gas of any calorific value and composition in the region shown by the hatching between both composition curves 10 and 12. For example, from the combination of methane and benzene,
When trying to generate low calorie gases having different compositions and the same calorific value, it is possible to take the compositions at a certain point on the line 11 showing the same calorific value and in the region shown by hatching.

Therefore, as the raw material fuel to be mixed, a plurality of types of hydrocarbon fuels having different compositions are used, preferably a combination of those having large unsaturated bonds and those having few unsaturated bonds. For example, methane and benzene, methane and acetylene, methane and pyridine, etc. are suitable.

Here, the air ratio changes successively as shown in FIG. 2 depending on the blending ratio of a plurality of types of raw fuels.

The above reaction involves mixing at least two kinds of mixed hydrocarbon fuels with combustion air that has been preheated to a relatively high temperature in a heat exchanger 3 using the heat of the exhaust gas, and combusting the mixture in a burner 4. maintained by The temperature of the combustion zone is normally controlled at 1000° C. or higher, preferably about 1200° C., for example, in the combustion example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the temperature is 1500° C.

For example, the combination of methane and benzene produces a calorific value of 1000
kcal/Nm 3 (7) When generating low-force IJ-gas, the range from the composition of H221.5%, 0013% to the composition of 8210% and CO24% is within the hatched area shown in Figure 2. can be freely obtained along the calorific value line 11.

Furthermore, the second section shows the relationship between the calorific value of the generated gas and the air ratio.
As is clear from the figure, even when partial combustion is performed under a constant air ratio, it is possible to freely change the calorific value by changing the blending ratio of the raw fuel.

In this manner, according to the flammable gas conversion method of the present invention, by appropriately selecting a plurality of hydrocarbon fuels with different compositions and partially burning them by controlling their blending ratio, gases of arbitrary calorific value and composition can be produced. Low calorie gas can be produced. This low-calorie residue is suitable for use as a simulated gas for combustion equipment developed as part of petroleum conversion technology, for example. Further, this gas conversion method is suitable not only for producing a simulated gas but also for producing raw material gas or fuel gas by converting the gas into a gas having an optimal composition depending on the application. For example, it is possible to suppress hydrogen from the fuel residue, which has a large effect on the performance of the combustor, and increase only the necessary amount of carbon monoxide, or vice versa.

IIl. Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the combustible gas conversion treatment method of the present invention mixes and partially burns multiple types of hydrocarbon fuels with different compositions, so the composition of the mixed fuel is Depending on the ratio, a value between the compositions of each hydrocarbon fuel can be taken, and the composition in the converted gas can be changed.

μ[J In the conventional partial combustion method, the generated heat range and composition are uniformly fixed once the raw material fuel and air shortage are determined, but it is possible to freely change both the generated heat range and the composition, and from the same combination of raw material fuel to the same - When obtaining a flammable gas with a calorific value, the composition can be freely changed.

Therefore, according to the present invention, a simulated fuel gas having a calorific value and composition close to actual coal gasification gas can be easily and inexpensively produced in large quantities on an industrial scale.1. : Can be manufactured continuously. Moreover, this gas conversion can be safely produced from ordinary fuel gas.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle of an example of an apparatus for implementing the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the calorific value of gas generated by partial combustion and the air ratio when methane and benzene are used as raw material fuels. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the calorific value and composition of the combustible gas obtained by the method of the present invention for a combination of methane and benzene. 1... Gas conversion furnace, 2... Combustor. Figure 1 CH4C686 1 bus Figure 2 λ Bishi λ Co (vo1%)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A method for converting combustible gas, which comprises mixing a plurality of types of hydrocarbon fuels with different compositions and partially combusting the mixture. (2) The method for converting combustible gas according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon fuel is a combination of one with a large number of unsaturated bonds and one with a small number of unsaturated bonds. (3) The method for converting flammable gas according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrocarbon fuel is methane and benzene.