JPS62501720A - heat-generating engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] heat storage engine Technical field This application is filed in U.S. Patent Application No. 69fi022, filed January 29, 1985. This is a partial continuation application for a heat storage engine.

The present invention relates to piston engines, and in particular to increasing the efficiency of such engines. Concerning structural and conceptual improvements for.

In the heat storage engine according to the present invention, unique parts are combined into a connosect structure. Providing a low weight, high efficiency engine that is a structurally and thermally integrated unit. provide The main object of the invention is to avoid the need for normal engine size and weight. Operates under high pressure and temperature by utilizing the global expansion of the generated gas without Our goal is to provide an adiabatic engine that can. Furthermore, the engine according to the present invention This requires the use of exotic materials such as ceramics, which increases the price and complicates the structure. It is possible to appropriately select and use materials to create powerful, highly efficient, and low-cost engines. I can do it.

Technical background Due to its excellent characteristics, piston engines are used in military applications such as transportation and power generation. It is used in both private and private sectors.

Various developments to reduce fuel consumption and also reduce engine size and weight is being done. However, many of these developments require engines with complex structures. It is expensive and has low output.

One major example is the 6-insulated ceramic engine. would involve high technology issues and high risks. mass produce this engine requires a fundamental reconfiguration of the entire engine industry.

Although the potential of an adiabatic turbocomposite engine has been demonstrated, there are many Many issues have not been clarified. For example, in ceramic engines The extremely high temperature (1000°C = 1800”F) walls significantly reduce the volumetric efficiency of the engine. effectively reduce

Very hot surfaces between piston and cylinder and conventionally connected pistons Friction resulting from the side thrust of the piston is caused by moisture in the grooves of the piston's general segment. This creates a continuous risk of oil sagging.

In relation to the metal base in composite engines, the expansion rate and There is a fundamental contradiction that arises due to insulation properties.

The so-called "insulation process" specified for ceramic engines, the real This is incorrect from a thermodynamic process.

In order to be insulating, the continuity identity of the cylinder wall and the combustion gas, i.e., the heat transfer In order to make the temperature difference zero, it is necessary to create a zero temperature difference between the two media.

Ceramics are commonly used in composite structures for metal diesel engines. When using it, the following characteristics are desired.

good insulation High heat resistance Low JL wear/corrosion/erosion property Low friction property High frequency stress/fatigue resistance Low price/weight Tight tolerances/precision finishes ensure good dimensional stability low density Limited plasticity (creep) Good thermal shock resistance High crush resistance All of these properties cannot be met with readily available ceramic materials. be. A large amount of investment has been made to meet this requirement, and that is ceramic. It has delayed the commercialization of adiabatic engines.

The energy efficiency of an engine is determined by four major contradictions, as expressed by the following equation: is directly related to the parameters used.

N=F((ra/α)X(+7VXn)x(1mxPz)) Here, γa = G/V = P/RT Specific gravity of air accepted into cylinder α Empty air/fuel ratio ηV Volumetric efficiency n Number of revolutions 7 minutes ηm Machine efficiency Pz cycle peak pressure Current energy technology depends on these four parameters, as shown below. Therefore, it is limited.

1) Increased ra’i by high suit mecharging reduces thermal stress to normal To stay within limits, α must also be increased. Therefore, γa/α remains essentially constant.

2) When the rotational speed n increases, the volumetric efficiency decreases, and as a result, ηv/n becomes remains qualitatively constant.

3) When the rotation speed n increases, mechanical loss increases and the mechanical efficiency of the engine decreases. Decrease. That is, ↑n×ηm↓.

4) When the maximum combustion pressure is increased, the mechanical efficiency ηm decreases, and ηmXPz becomes essentially becomes constant.

In other words, in order to advance engine technology, the following parameters must be As expressed by the relationship between the three groups, it is a reaction of mutually contradictory parameters. is greatly limited by the contradictions mentioned above. The interrelationship of the parameters is as follows: Become.

N=F((↑γa/α↑)×(↓ηvXn↑)×(↓ηmxPz↑)] In fact, this In order to resolve these contradictions and improve the output, life and efficiency of the engine, , the above formula should be changed to the following to optimize the relationship between the parameters .

N=F((↑ra/α↓)×(↑ηvXn↑)×(↑1m￥, Pz↑)] This invention engine embodiments are selected to achieve conditions that optimize efficiency parameters. It is intended to integrate the design items and components that have been developed. Engine embodiments are the best In order to obtain the highest power output and minimum weight, the characteristics of insulation and the resulting high pressure and high temperature It combines features of use across a spectrum.

Engine configurations embodying these features are discussed below in the description of the preferred embodiment. Let me explain in detail.

In the design of high-temperature adiabatic engines, the main issue is materials that can withstand both high temperature and high pressure. The selection and configuration of the It is related to this.

The characteristics of the engine regarding the combustion chamber described below are such that its characteristics are adiabatic. A major solution to the high temperature problem in the combustion chamber of engineered reciprocating engines give.

(Al　The cylinder walls and all the hot surfaces of the combustion chamber are created by heat storage cells. Compressed air periodically enters the space and acts like an insulating material.

(t)l The cycles of intake, compression, expansion, exhaust, and scavenging that are unique to thermal piston engines. The periodic stroke gives continuous movement of compressed air from within these storage cells to the outside of them. . During this process, the air and the storage wall simultaneously provide the necessary insulation for the actual internal heat recovery. provide The recovered energy is used in the normal diesel engine cooling process. I'm saddened by the energy lost.

(The C1 piston and the heat storage cell form a dynamic seal system'tt-s, where they are connected to each other. Labyrinth of Difference offers a high performance sealing process. This solution is It opens the way to solving the problem of response and maximizing the total.

(d) The hot surfaces of the piston and heat storage cell are not in contact, so theoretically ■ slippage is not necessary. do not.

(el) In one application, the lateral thrust of the piston against the cylinder wall is Supporting the piston by an inner zone of a metal cylinder remote from the combustion zone normal lubrication, which is not adversely affected by the low temperatures and high temperatures of the combustion chamber. exists.

(f) In other applications, one piston (!, even two opposite pistons in the same cylinder) The lateral thrust of the piston) is transferred to a dual rank shaft mechanism that rotates in opposite directions. in parallel side-by-sides combined to form a more continuous dynamic balance offset by the additional lateral thrust of the piston. This mechanism combines The pressure development in both cylinders is continuously equal and combined into a common combustion chamber It will be done.

(g) In these applications, what is defined as a piston due to its action is a lateral thrust. It is a very simple linear plunger with no holes or segments. This solution is friction This solves the problem of large mechanical loss due to

(ηm↑xPz↑) max Combining Chl W thermal internal processes with the thermal cycle of a piston engine is, of course, the ideal sequence of heat exchange between the compressed and cooled air and the inner surfaces of the combustion chamber. It is an exchange. This process simultaneously results in insulation and recovery of all heat associated with cooling. Ru.

(1) In one application, a heat storage engine is constructed using a four-cycle engine by an appropriate method. It is associated with a gin, which can be converted into a two-stroke engine in the same way. this The solution is to make the Mit most dog of (ηV↑×n↑)max and (↑n×ηm↑)max Problem? Eliminate.

(jl In the second application, the heat storage engine is an opposed piston engine (each cylinder (two pistons in the cylinder).

(k) In other applications, heat storage engines are mechanisms in permanent dynamic balance. be combined with This completely eliminates lateral friction between the piston and cylinder.

(ηm↑×Pz↑)max and (n↑X17m↑)max(llll heat storage process The gas has nothing to do with lubrication of hot surfaces in contact with hot gas.

(ml) In the heat storage process, the cells of the heat storage means have a specific angular polymerization relationship. The heat exchange layered barrier metal is formed by overlapping each other, in which alternate air bubbles are applied. and bulkheads (fins) constitute a multilayer heat shield.

(n) In all applications of thermal storage processes, air is applied to the inside and outside of the cell. continuous exchange of air, especially in the outward radial direction during the expansion stroke. Movement towards the cylinder space results in kinetic separation of the hot gas from the cylinder wall .

This action produces an auxiliary dynamic air-shield insulation sound and the hot combustion gas inside the cylinder. is concentrated on the actual adiabatic separation between the high temperature source (combustion gas) and the cylinder wall (heat storage cell). Let it go inside.

(0) The same radial movement of air from the heat storage cell towards the central space of the cylinder It eliminates all carbon particles adhering to the walls of the heating means and forms a continuous cleaning system.

(pl　During the expansion stroke, the new compressed air stored in the heat storage cell The radial movement of the air increases the disturbance and preheats the air for the final stage of combustion. supply. This eliminates engine-related problems.

(qJ piston maintains permanent dynamic balance with dual opposing rotating shafts) An example of a heat storage engine with a positive screw et al. expander in the form of This optimizes all of the engine's most important thermodynamic conditions. all of these The factor of supercharging tps ≧10 bar can be increased.

Excess air Rotate until α=1.2-1.4 Until n≧IQOOORPM These parameters can be increased individually or together. and fuel consumption Cost f　9　e　　’::　0.22　lb/Hp-h　a . In this case, a system is required to cover all practical power requirements in one engine. The number of rings can be reduced to 2.

(r) These applications are not related to liquid-oil lubrication. Oil lubrication in the combustion zone Replaced by air and solid support by fine particles of Daraphite and M o S2 , these are injected into the roller bearings and between all friction surfaces of the cooling zone.

Cooled compressed air for support is supplied from the supercharging system.

Collection of particulates is ensured by cyclone batteries, especially for expanded air The air is recirculated before the high pressure stage of compression.

Larger size and weight reductions associated with lower fuel consumption and multi-fuel non-fuel operation High power concentration is the main advantage of thermal storage engines. However, it is possible to use a heat storage engine. To fully exploit the potential of high temperature and high pressure, the engine must be compatible with Combination with an energy recovery system is desirable for maximum efficiency.

A heat storage engine is a combined cycle in which the output and the inside of the superheated steam of the Lanoquin type They can also be combined to produce a co-occurrence. Rankine cycle is reciprocating It simultaneously develops itself based on the utilization of the residual energy of the thermal cycle of a type of internal combustion engine. let

Regenerative heat engines used with internal combustion in combination with steam generators and steam A heat engine combined with Qi constitutes a unique machine. Separate thermal cycles of the machine (gas and water vapor) in parallel, simultaneously, recuperatively, compensatingly, and integrally. It gives rise to a heavy burden. In the active heavy phase (expansion and exhaust), the working substance is the fuel of the internal combustion engine. Established by superheated steam produced by a recuperative heat storage combined with burning gas be done. The mixture of combustion gas and superheated steam creates a homogeneous working material, which is and turbines (if used for supercharged engines).

Excess energy from the internal combustion engine's thermal cycle is absorbed through multiple heat transfers (conduction, convection, radiation, contact and mixing) and then transferred to the Rankine cycle of the integrated steam generator. child The complex heat transfer of ) occurs towards the cooling fluid injected into the heat storage cell. The cooling fluid is preheated, After a vaporization and superheating stage, the inner sill cooling jet is finally activated simultaneously with fuel injection. It is injected into the jacket, from where it enters a chamber concentric with the combustion chamber, where it simultaneously burns. Combustion of the material and vaporization of the steam and eventual superheating occur. Gas and steam tar Two working trials in a shilling of a thermal reciprocating engine continued in a bin. Mixing and expansion of drugs allows full utilization of the thermal energy of gases and steam, and water Achieving energetic thermal parameters close to the condensed state of steam. The final condensation is This occurs in a noise absorber with a capacitor, and this noise absorber has a working current. Complete the path of the body. Collected in a condenser (preferably at 80-90°C) The water is then reintroduced into the thermal cycle of the integrated heat engine and produced by the combustion of hydrocarbon materials. increases the amount of condensed steam. Total heat energy generated in engine shilling The combination of an integrated thermal storage heat cycle that transports energy from the outside to the inside and recovers it, reduces heat loss. Automatically creates an adiabatic condition that prevents all losses and eliminates the need for a cooling system. (excluding supercharged air).

In order to efficiently utilize the thermal energy of the working reagent in a compact device, low pressure, Select and assemble elements that can operate efficiently under medium and high pressure conditions. It is necessary to accumulate The complete utilization of the thermal energy produced in the combustion process is The working gas This can only be achieved by evacuating the gas at the lowest possible temperature.

However, the extremely long expansion in the shilling of a reciprocating piston engine is This is only possible in very large engines that are always running at low speeds. stroke Suler, Burin Meister, with a ratio of 3-4 InmeiBter), Waln military engines, etc. The rate is over 53chi. Clamping during the thermal cycle of a 4-stroke engine 720° rotation of the shaft reduces the pressure at intake, compression, compression-expansion and exhaust. The change in force defines various periods of low pressure, intermediate pressure and high pressure. Psych The low and medium pressure periods of the cycle cover 80-90% of the cycle. sa The final pressure is only 10-20% of the cycle or 70 inches of 720° cycle rotation. With high pressure periods of combustion and initial expansion. Despite the very short period of high pressure (10-20% of cycle time), this maximum over a 720° rotation cycle Designed to withstand pressure. For services that only operate at intermediate and low pressures. Metallic materials and high-strength construction are not required for the remainder of the cycle. Ru. From this fact, does the actual engine have a full range of large expansion pressure? of effective use The basic form of the engine is an integrated rotary and reciprocating compound engine. This engine provides equivalent compression ratios for long engine strokes. rotate Low and intermediate pressures occur in the element and 40% of the cycle is due to compression. 40% occur in roto compressors, and 40% occur in roto compressors due to expansion. Occurs in India. The high pressure is the final compression and initial compression in the reciprocating piston element. Occurs in expansion.

Conventional engines are limited to peak pressures of approximately 150 bar. This pressure This is the practical limit on compression ratios, including for percharger engines. Thermal efficiency is The rising pressure as the compression ratio increases is the peak pressure limit for conventional engines. Thermal efficiency is limited. Peak pressure is basically caused by friction, especially in the Lateral thrust of the piston relative to the cylinder lychee due to angular variation of the grod The frictional forces and inertia associated with Limited by inertia forces associated with increased size and weight of moving parts. Such failure Advantageous factors hindered the advancement of conventional engines.

Rotational and reciprocating compound engines experience high pressures in the reciprocating elements. The reciprocating element is Lightweight with two short connecting rods that reverse the crankshaft (Including the piston, the device as a whole prevents the piston from lateral thrusting.) Therefore, friction associated with thrust is prevented. As a result, 80 of the total engine displacement - A small element is provided that performs 90% rotational compression and expansion. reciprocator and rotor gearbox with transmission ratio adapted for optimum volumetric efficiency They are interconnected by means of screws. Also, variable transmission ratio can be adjusted using a gearbox with variable transmission ratio. Compression ratio, variable suit ξ charge ratio and variable expansion ratio make it possible to completely change the compound engine. You can also change the position.

- The rotating single-reciprocating engine in the embodiment has two flared connecting rods. It is characterized by a single cylinder with a single piston connected to. connection The cutting rod is a screw type or Wankel (Wankθ1) engine. Combined with an external colloid type forward rotating compressor expander similar to connected to a separate crankshaft. This example is a roto compressor Low pressure stage, high pressure reciprocator stage and intermediate pressure roto-expander stage All three levels of pressure are generated. The total heat cycle of such an engine is extremely efficient. A long compression-expansion cycle is defined.

A similar embodiment can efficiently sweep a single flow into a single cylinder with opposing pistons. It can be constructed by a reciprocating element having an air stroke. Each piston has 2 connected to two connecting rods and a counter-rotating crankshaft mechanism. ing.

between rotor elements and reciprocating elements or reciprocator elements and other expanders During this period, a Complex (registered trademark) pressure wave transducer was installed. By providing this, efficiency can be further improved.

In a more effective example, present in the combustion gases from the reciprocator element Excess air can be utilized in the afterburner chamber, in which the working flow The body is rejected and further expanded in a subsequent stage of the engine.

Finally, a fully integrated rotor reciprocator device, compound engine, odor Thermal energy can be reduced by selectively connecting or disconnecting the following elements: Star 1 is deployed: Low pressure roto consolator high pressure reciprocator intermediate pressure roto expander compressor wave converter Intercooler and recuulator turbocharger The thermal energy cascade 9 partially and energetically displaces the reciprocator element. Combustion gas is generated only for the removed rotating element and acts based on the internal combustion chamber. Ru. Similarly, a cascade is a recipe that partially and energetically removes the rotating element. Acts on locator elements.

By using a compound rotation and reciprocating engine, the peak pressure can be reduced to 150 atm. It can rise from 180 to 200 ATM. extremely high combustion temperature Due to the degree, the cylinder chamber of the reciprocator element obtains adiabatic engine characteristics The above-mentioned recoverable heat storage device is used for this purpose.

The above-mentioned features and other features are illustrated in the figures and described in the detailed description of the preferred embodiments. This will become clear by referring to the various embodiments described above.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the combustion chamber of a rotary valve convertible 2-4 stroke engine with a regenerator wall. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cycle diagram of the engine shown in FIG. 1, showing operation in four-stroke mode. show.

Figures 2.1 and 2.1.1 show the final exhaust and rotating valve chamber flow.

Figures 2.2 and 2.2.1 show intake via rotary valve and cylinder base. Indicates auxiliary inspiration by scratching the mouth.

Nos. 2.3 and 23.1 show compression and rotary valve float.

No. 2.4 and 2.4.1 are rotary valve exhaust and air flow from the cylinder base mouth. shows.

Figures 2, 5 and 25.1 show the rotary valve exhaust.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic gas flow diagram for the rotary valve and the port of FIG.

Figure 4 shows the actual combustion section of a turbocharged comparator 2-4 stroke engine. It is a sectional view of an example.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the combustion section of a two-stroke engine.

Figure 6 shows the combustion and combustion of a convertible 2-4 stroke engine with different pistons. FIG.

Figure 7 shows the opposed piston reciprocator unit Oyohisu/ξ charger. FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of two thermal storage innings for the combustion chamber of the disclosed engine.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a typical pressure curve for a four-stroke engine.

Figure 10 shows convertible rows 2-4 with double coupled pistons and coupled combustion chambers. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the combustion and drive section of the combustion engine.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic reciprocating single revolution screw engine.

Figure 12 shows a cross-section of the combustion and drive section of a single-piston dual-crank engine element. It is a diagram.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the engine element of FIG. 12 in conjunction with a rotating element.

Figure 14 is a cross section of the combustion and drive section of an opposed piston dual crank engine element. It is a diagram.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the engine element of FIG. 14 in conjunction with a rotating element.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a modified example of the engine element of FIG. 14 combined with a rotating element. Ru.

Figure 17 is a schematic of a synthetic reciprocating one-turn engine with an intermediate pressure wave sparcharger. It is a diagram.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic reciprocator with an intermediate internal combustion engine.

Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of a composite reciprocator with an intermediate internal combustion engine and an auxiliary turbocharger. This is a schematic diagram.

Figure 20 shows a composite with an intermediate pressure wave supercharger and an auxiliary turbocharger. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reciprocator.

Figure 21 is equipped with an intermediate pressure wave supercharger, an internal combustion engine, and an auxiliary turbocharger. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic reciprocator.

Figure 22 shows intermediate pressure wave supercharger, internal combustion engine, and auxiliary pressure wave supercharger. , a schematic diagram of a synthetic reciprocator with a turbocharger.

[Best mode for carrying out the invention]

Referring to Figures 1 and 4, converter chips with integrated thermal cycling Two similar embodiments of two-stroke engines operating in four-stroke mode It is illustrated as follows.

Each engine is built from an outer block 1 and an inner regenerator cell system or accumulator. A heating device 2 is provided with a centrally located keratin and labyrinth seal system on the liner 3. in the inner part forming the system and forming the individual pressure chambers for the heat transfer by the heat accumulator. An operating cylinder a5 is provided inside the air groove 4. At the base of the cylinder, There is an auxiliary exhaust/float boat controlled by piston 6. camshaft A single valve 7 reciprocated in the ratio n/2 by 80 is located in the central upper part 50 or in the series. located in the crown of the rotor and concentric with the rotary distribution valve 8, with a radial-axial earring 9 and is rotationally driven by a gear 10. The reciprocating movement of the valve is controlled by the cam 11. It is done. The cam 11 is moved to the tappet 12 or the rod by the action of the adjusting plate 13. Activate function 12.1. The spring 14 and the shaft earring 15 are connected to the push valve 7 and guarantees continuous operation of the distribution valve 8.

As shown in FIG. Absorbed by the compression side. The turbo compressor 16 has air flowing through YP-45E. The compressor is compressed from the place where it enters the bottom part of the engine cylinder toward the intermediate cooler 17. Blow out the air. Similarly, compressed air reaches the area of the central valve 7 by a pipe 18. In addition, the rotary distribution valve 8 guarantees the intake period for two engine cylinders. to go into. The piston 6 is provided with a recessed central combustion chamber 28 for initial combustion. . The exhaust gas is filtered by the central valve 7 when the rotary distributor valve 8 is in its exhaust period. Where the gas escapes from the cylinder through valve 8 and also enters the noise absorber (8, 5). The exhaust gas is then guided to the exhaust gas turbine side of the turbocharger 16. Parallel with main air circuit In addition, the engine is equipped with a bypass circuit consisting of Nomi-Ibu 20, Nori-fly valve 2], A separate combustion chamber 22 and a separate combustion chamber 23 for the combustion gases are provided. This is the auxiliary combustion time The turbocharger starts compressing the air.

A similar turbocharging system can also be added to the embodiment of FIG.

The heat storage process consists of fresh and cooled air supplied by an intercooled supercharger during the injection period. The high-pressure air is also used for throughflow, suction, and compression inside the heat storage jacket chamber 4 of the heat storage device 2. It is carried out subsequently.

During the compression stroke, part of this air is accommodated and pressurized inside the regenerator chamber 4. , absorbing the thermal energy stored in the regenerator jacket or wall of the regenerator 2.

Labyrinth seal system with stacked storage of compressed air in 20 heat storage chambers 4 This creates a back pressure to prevent combustion gases from escaping.

Simultaneously with the expansion stroke, the compressed air stored in chamber 4 expands toward the cylinder space. generates a dynamic concentrated radial centripetal flow, which creates an envelope of air surrounding the hot gas. , creating air insulation between the hot gas and the wall. The heat radiated from the hot gas is Generally, it is one source of heat transfer to the cylinder wall. What are the different effects, the most important ones? , is the expansion of compressed air. Is this even more heated? 1ill+ental and thereby recover the energy stored in the regenerator device.

This compressed and preheated air is ideally added to the combustion process. This air has an oxygen concentration When reduced, it is fed from the wall of cylinder 3.5 in the final stage of combustion. air Radial injection into the combustion gases provides additional turbulence modulation to aid complete combustion. Motsu.

Finally, the air and the heat storage chamber work together to absorb the heat energy normally lost through the cooling system. Forms an ideal insulating and thermal shield to block the transmission of energy.

Since the piston 6 is completely cylindrical without contacting the hot wall area of the cylinder, lubrication and and oil, including all associated mechanical losses, can be completely avoided. fixie The cylinder is guided into the bottom area of the cylinder, which is a conventional cylinder liner. The bottom area is Very lubricated and very cold. It consists of carbon fine particles and MoS2. It is lubricated by air consisting of air and fixed floats (injected between the contact surfaces). same The same air and suspended solid particles are injected into all roll bearings and Guarantees the elimination of heat generated within the ring and lubrication.

Cooled compressed air for lubrication is supplied by a supercharger.

Re-collection of particulates is accomplished by some cyclone traps. This process The partially expanded and heated air is heated to a high temperature for recompression to the final pressure. Returned to before intercooler of stage supercharger. Separately, the bottom area of the cylinder and and bearings may be lubricated by conventional means.

A 2-4 stroke variable engine with a complete thermal cycle according to the invention It works like this:

A near compressor 16 driven by a turbine is electrically driven to compress Air is supplied to the combustion chamber 22, the turbonier blower is started, and the engine is operated at normal speed. Accelerate and supply supercharging air.

The started engine can operate at its best from the beginning.

In a 4-stroke cycle uniformly supplied by a single valve 7 and port 5 The cycle of continuous strokes described in Section 2.1. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4 ．． As shown in Figure 2.5.

In the position shown in Figure 2.1, when the central valve is fully open, the exhaust air is cut off and the piston 6 is at top dead center and the rotary distributor valve 8 is in the position shown in FIG. 21.1. here , superscavenging of the combustion gases and the fresh compressed air produced in the tube 18 takes place.

In the position shown in Figures 2 and 2, the cylinder is connected to the tube 18 while the piston 6 is lowering. Air is admitted, the central valve 7 is open and the rotary distributor is in the position of FIG. 22.1.

The piston 6 opens the air boat 5, thereby supplying a supplementary amount of air.

The entire inlet area is equal to or larger than the piston face, and the maximum dimension installation More than parts.

In the position shown in Figure 2.3, the air compression is produced by the piston during its ascent. This is done after the air boat 5 at the bottom of the cylinder is closed. Central valve 7 closes and rotates The equation distributor 8 is in the position shown in FIG. 23.1. Combustion injection and combustion at the end of the compression stroke It will be held in

In the position of FIG. 2.4, the expansion stroke takes place during the lowering of the piston 6 and only one valve 7 until it opens and free exhaustion of the combustion gases occurs. Around the same time, the piston opens the scavenging boat 5, scavenging air is carried out through this port 5, and the piston Push the gas out of the cylinder. At this time, the rotary distributor 8 is placed in the position shown in Figure 2.4.1. In order to exhaust the gas to the turbine side of the turbocharger, there is a cylinder and Connect the exhaust manifold.

In the position shown in Figure 25, the piston 6 rises during the exhaust stroke and turbocharges the gas mixture. Exhaust to charger 6. During this stroke, the only valve 7 is fully open and the rotary distributor 8 is located in the position shown in Figure 251 and provides a continuous connection between the cylinder and the exhaust manifold. ensure that the

Figure 3 shows @21. of Figure 2. 2.2. 2.3. 2.4. 2.5 with figure In this connection, a schematic diagram of chronosection θ is shown. The following conclusions are illustrated:

At the beginning of the exhaust stroke 24, the combustion gas is forced into the cylinder by the force of the scavenging air passing through port 5. It is strongly pushed out from the cylinder, scavenges all the I't℃ combustion gas in the cylinder, and the piston Cool the inner surface, cylinder head, and exhaust valve.

During exhaust stroke 2.5, the mixture of scavenging air and gas entering port 5 reaches top dead center. is exhausted by the piston 6.

During the upper scavenging stroke 2.1, the piston 6 completes the exhaustion 24 of the gas and the rotary distribution The device 8 ensures upper scavenging 211 and removes unnecessary gases (combustion gas and/or (expansion gas) is completely scavenged.

In the suction stroke 2.2, the rotary distributor 8 is in position 221 and the air flows through the valve 7. The air flows into the cylinder through port 5, filling the cylinder with air.

Variable engine operation that can be changed to two strokes: 2-stroke and 4-stroke changes the rotation ratio (from n/2 to n/1) between the crankshaft and camshaft 11. This is done by determining the appropriate stroke cycles for these two types of stroke cycles. The cam 51 is shifted in the axial direction and activated. In this modification, the rotary distributor 8 is in full exhaust position 2.4.1. The fuel injection system (not shown) is attached to the camshaft. Has synchronized injection cycles and automatically converts to new cycles. In particular, The governor of the injection pump is continuously driven by the driving force from the camshaft 80 of the engine. However, it cannot be driven twice as fast. During this operation, valve 7 acts as an exhaust valve. , port 5 serves as an air supply valve to scavenge and intake air within the cylinder.

A two-stroke engine with a complete thermal cycle, as shown in Figure 5, has a series It has an inner block 29 and a heat insulating chamber 30. The cylinder block 29 is The upper cylinder heat storage device 2 is installed back to back with the liner 3 made of Umbi wood. It forms the main cylinder wall of the combustion chamber and also supports the ceramic ring 31. Cerami The lock ring 3] has several suction and scavenging ports 31 and several exhaust ports, 1-) 33 It is also provided in the lower part of the cylinder. In the upper center 50 of the ceramic crown A condensation chamber 34 is provided, which condensation chamber 34 is caused by contact between the walls of the combustion chamber 35 and the combustion gases. , ensuring superheating of the air and steam. At this time, the combustion gas flows through the upper duct 36 through the central nozzle 37 and controlled by the contour of the piston 39. Flows in a flow pattern.

The air sucked into the air compressor side of the turbo blower or turbocharger 40 is empty. The air is sent to the air cooler 4], from where it passes through the scavenging port 32 and into the cylinder of the engine. Enter. When the engine is started or overloaded, the turbo blower 40 is activated by the combustion chamber 42. It is supplied with combustion gas supplied by Controlled by valve 43. Then, the combustion gas is passed through the pipe 44 to the turbo blower 4. 0 to the inlet on the gas turbine side, and from there to the cylinder by the exhaust boat 33. The inflation gas mixed with the gas exhausted from the is allowed to flow into a muffler (not shown).

Complete temperature cycle with cylinder boat 1-2-stroke intake and exhaust through The operation of the engine is as follows in accordance with the invention and FIG.

The turbo blower 40 is rotated by an electric starter and a turbo charger. Air is supplied to the combustion chamber 42 from the compression end of the -40. And during combustion, it is a turbo The blower 40 is rotated at a normal rotation ratio. This operation is performed by this 2-stroke engine. allow the air supply necessary for the operation of the engine. At the same time, the engine is powered by an electric starter. The engine is normally engaged with it.

The expansion of the uniform mixture of steam and combustion gas is caused by the turbine of the turbo blower 40. The side suction parameters are reached and the turbo blower and gas are discharged at approximately 120°C. The final expansion in the muffler makes efficient use of the potential energy of the working fluid.

Referring to the engine embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the 4-stroke - 2-stroke variable , a thermal storage engine is shown. This engine is similar to the one in Figure 1. It includes a tank 1 with a similar valve assembly 84 and fuel injector 85. This en The gin has a differential piston 24, which is associated with a central cross head 25. It has an enlarged cup 86. Central cross head 25 is a cold guide in block 1 guided into the cylinder 87. Scavenging port 5 at the bottom of the combustion chamber, completely close port 5. It is controlled by a sliding valve 26 which can be closed at any time. In such cases, this The engine can be operated in 4-stroke mode without any supplementary suction or scavenging from the boat. move. This operating region is typical of startup or low load regions where scavenging is not required. It is. This is because the exhaust gas is at a low temperature.

When the load increases and the exhaust gas temperature rises to 500-600℃, the sliding valve will move directly with the load. Rotates on the thread groove by a directly related external mechanism (not shown) and exhausts the exhaust gas This creates a passage for the scavenging air to dilute it. This maintains a constant maximum exhaust temperature , this maximum exhaust temperature is the optimum level for the turbine of the turbocharger (not shown). It is allowed to operate in

The enlarged cap 86 is manufactured from a strong, high temperature resistant material such as stainless steel. Ru. The cap 86 has a dipping grip 86.5'e, which During the lower stroke, the guide cylinder 87 is configured to form a complex sealing passage. It overlaps the protrusion 87.5. On the upstroke, the piston cap is covered with a thermal jacket. Do not touch. Why no, heat storage cell 4 forms a complex labyrinth groove seal. At the same time, the compression stroke provides heat storage circulation for the compressed air accumulated in the cells. This is because that.

The crankshaft 81 and the connecting rod 82 are supported by roller bearings 83, and It is lubricated by air and graph eye) + MO32 particles and cooled. Other elements are essentially the same as those in Figures 1-4.

In all cases where regenerator 2 is employed, the cooling preheated by the injector system Coolant (methanol, liquid MO2, liquefied gas or water)’! i-to inject A more cooperative generating heat process is added, and the injector system allows the piston to compress its A combustion chamber cracker that pours an arch-shaped spray onto the heat storage wall during a short period of time as it rises during the process. A series of nozzles 79 spaced around the round 50. liquid injection Device 78 supplies liquid, typically water, to the nozzle in precisely timed pulses of force.

As the piston rises, the pressure inside the chamber increases, resulting in a high-speed spray. The fog is drawn into the heat storage cells that line the walls of the combustion chamber. Heating, evaporation and superheating process occurs when the piston is near top dead center. This superheated steam That is, after the combustion peak, an additional jet of combusted coolant mixes with the normal combustion gases. It happens as. In the case of steam and gas, the Rankine cycle cle) is used in heat storage type cycles and related fields. Equalization of combustion gas and superheated steam The final working fluid is the qualitative force mixture and the preheated air expanded from the heat storage cell. , whether it is a piston or an auxiliary device that has been described in connection with other engine embodiments. drives an integrated exhaust component.

According to the engine embodiment of FIG. 7, the regenerative heat engine shown is a rotary piston two-way opposed piston component coupled to the piston component 92; It consists of a rotary reciprocating compound engine equipped with 88. Combined engine is turbo It has two intercoolers 96 and 98 between the charger 97 and the air compression stage. Ru.

The opposed reciprocating components 88 are similar in construction to the engine embodiment of FIG. ing. The opposed differential piston 24 is connected to the connecting rod 8 2 drives two crankshafts 81 connected to the pistons. Figure 6 In place of the head rotary valve assembly in the embodiment of fff There is a j89. The composite liner 3 has a central segment containing the heat storage 2 and scavenging holes 5. and exhaust hole 91f: having an end segment formed therein.

The rotary piston component 92 includes a compression stage 93 and an expansion stage 94. It is a rotating complex system consisting of: Compression stage 93 compresses the turbocharger It receives pre-compressed air from the side, and the air is cooled by an intercooler 98. It will be done.

The pre-compressed and cooled air enters a positive displacement compression stage of rotary component 92. After being further compressed and cooled by the second intercooler 96, it is reciprocated through the suction hole 5. The mover component part 88 is entered.

The medium compressed incoming air is further coupled to two opposed pistons 24. The compression stroke compresses it further, making it higher than normal compression. Injection device 89 The injected fuel ignites in a small core chamber between the piston head. , generating extremely high pressures never before possible with piston engines.

Since the single combustion chamber is centrally located, the stresses are localized and the cylindrical structure, confined to a shape that can best resist the very high pressures that occur It will be done. The piston cap 24 has a special structure and is made of high strength material like stainless steel. It is made from high-temperature material and reciprocates in the low-temperature cylinder guide 87 of the engine block. It is connected to a moving central crosshead 25. short connecting rod 82 and durable rank 81 absorbs the high energy thrust of piston 24, Enables high torque and high rotational speed operation. Cooling of the cylinder wall is done by the heat storage device. This is done as described with respect to FIGS. 1-4.

Expanding combustion gases are exhausted through holes 91 and pass through rotor piston component 92. Enter the expansion stage 93 of the driving rotary complex system 92.

The positive displacement rotary component 92 is a Wankel engine. It is an Ebitrochoidal type engine similar to the ``ine''. It's a low custom Although relatively efficient due to rotary motion, high pressure and high Not effective at high temperatures. However, due to its volumetric efficiency, high pressure reciprocating components It is ideally suited to receive somewhat expanded gases. supercharge Due to the volume change ensuring a high compression ratio for the exhaust gas and a high expansion cost for the exhaust gas , the rotary component is connected to the reciprocating component.

The rotary component 92 is a ceramic or insulated rotatable piston 8. 7 complete, graphite/molybdenum disulfide pneumatically fed to the gear bearing mechanism By dry lubricant (graphi te/Mob2dr71ubricant) Lubricated and cooled. No oil is present and the rotor piston and evitrochoid type case Since there is no friction between the shaft and the shaft, excessive wear at rotational speeds is prevented. 7-li The graphite on the edge of the right angle part 99.1 and Teflon impregnated with MO32F Guaranteed by a type of self-adjusting material. This same material is used for lateral sealing 1 Provide 00.

As noted in the summary of the invention, medium pressure rotary components can be replaced by high pressure Integration with the reciprocating component is necessary because the engine structure in the high pressure region is High peak pressures are achieved in conditions that are designed to withstand high peak pressures such as make it possible to This integration considerably reduces the size and weight of the engine and You can get the desired output.

FIG. 8 shows an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of the heat storage device. The rising piston 24 Creates an increasing pressure wave. The low pressure incoming air in the chamber is inside the heat storage cells. be driven to. As each cell has an increasing pressure, the advancement of the piston Leakage through the edges is absorbed by the lower cells in the pressure casque.

In embodiments using a cooperative generator, such as a water injection device, fine water droplets in the form of a mist are produced. It is poured onto the walls of the heat storage device and blown into the cell, enveloping the air. inside the cell The water is vaporized while cooling the fins 3.5, and the vaporized water reaches the peak temperature combustion gas. superheated steam with compressed air during the output stroke that confines the steam to the center of the chamber. and released. Even without water injection, the release of compressed air inside the cell is Provide a warm gas core. Liner 3 and block 1 wall A helicoidal passage 50 between the injection holes 152 at the upper end of the cylinder Preheating the water is alternately injected through the jacket means 151 of the liner.

Figure 9 shows a typical rotation of the crankshaft over 720° in a four-stroke engine. A typical pressure curve is shown. As shown, only a small band at 70° is at 37 atm ( 37 atm) @ associated with a pressure exceeding and the remaining cycle pressure More than half are less than 6 atmospheres. A volumetrically balanced unitary element with each Running elements are made such that they can withstand pressures and temperatures within their operating range. By this, the sheath at peak pressure can be obtained simultaneously and the size and weight can be achieved.

For example, low pressure ranges are effectively handled by superchargers, while medium pressure ranges are handled by constant volume rotors. high pressure range is handled by a specially designed reciprocating piston processed by the device.

An effective thermal-energetic cascade that follows the pressure curve makes these exemplary devices It is realized by a combined engine with.

In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the heat storage engine shown is of permanent dynamic balance. Modifiable two-cycle and four-stroke devices with two arrangements of pistons It is. The pistons are arranged in a central common combustion chamber 10. The combustion chamber is connected to the cylinder with two tangential grooves in the ceramic liner 】02 Due to the fact that they have a common and symmetrical cycle. two pins The stone mechanism is connected by a strap, which is connected by a crank that rotates in the opposite direction. 81.2) generated by the axes 81] and 81.2. two The counter-rotating crankshafts are externally geared to a ratio of 171, allowing both motions to complete. It is completely symmetrical and periodic.

This device removes any lateral thrust between the piston and cylinder wall and The main cause of physical loss and the close communication that must be maintained between the piston 24 and the heat storage member 2. Remove the difference.

In Figure 11, the thermal storage engine of Figure 10 is a permanently dynamically balanced machine. An ordinary screw compressor 103 and a screw compressor directly connected to both crankshafts of the It is attached to the Liu expander 104. balanced crank mechanism Axes rotating in opposite directions are ideal for compound screw devices.

The high-pressure air is internally cooled in the heat converter]05, and the exhaust gas is transferred to the cylinder head. [06] to the screw expander.

The screw expander 104 is equipped with a ceramic rotor that rotates in the opposite direction. Automatic adjustment element made of Teflon impregnated with graphite + M o S2 sealed by the element.

In Figures 12 and 13, the balanced Engine operation is coupled to a balanced compound reciprocating-rotary engine 108. It is. The engine embodiment of Figures 12 and 13 and the following balance The design examples shown here are designed to incorporate the thermal storage liner shown here. (because such a design effectively eliminates the lateral thrust of the piston), the structure is independent has the advantages of and other foreign liners, especially the contact between piston and cylinder wall A liner may be incorporated that requires complete removal. The following examples, especially The schematic arrangements shown in Figures 17 to 22 show variations of integrated elements. , they can be implemented in the form described in connection with the diagrammatically illustrated curves of FIG. Although it closely follows the ideal pressure curve, the peak pressure and The structure is designed to achieve a thermal energy cascade with high and low temperatures.

In the compound reciprocating one-rotation engine of Fig. 12, a single cylinder 1]0 A single reciprocating piston 1] is housed. The piston has a high temperature cylinder External groove for performing labyrinth sealing or ring sealing that cooperates with Ina 3】07 As shown, the combustion chamber design is specifically designed to integrate with the thermal storage liner described above. Please understand that it is suitable for

Reciprocating engine elements of compound engines with large holes and short strokes are subjected to high pressures. It is suitable and has two connecting rods 112. These connecting lots)’11 2 is a single piston and two counter-rotating balanced crankshafts] 3 are connected. Single cylinder 1]0 central fuel injector 1]5 A toroid-shaped adiabatic combustion chamber 114 is provided.

The cylinder has staggered exhaust ports 116 and scavenge ports 1]7. There is.

Reverse rotation gear] 18 is two crank shirts) t - so that it can move symmetrically and synchronously interconnected. During the off-serating process, which engages one side of the crankshaft gear. An intermediate gear 119 integrates the rotating element with the reciprocating element. It is shown in Figure 13. In other words, the epitrochoidal compressor expander 92 is integrated with the reciprocating element. physically connected. The compressor expander 92 is a reciprocating piston. Compressed air is supplied to the combustion chamber, and at the same time, it is partially expanded as described above. Powered by exhaust gas.

The engine embodiment of Figure 14 includes a very compact, high pressure reciprocating engine. Dynamic element] 25 is shown. Using the concept of double rondo in Figures 12 and 13, By using υ, a reciprocating element with opposed pistons and a single chamber replaces the previous one. It is formed with the features of example large holes and short strokes. child In the embodiment, the pistons facing each other are semi-thermal heat storage members ]22. A liner 122 is provided. There are exhaust ports 123 and scavenging bows at both ends of the combustion chamber. G] 24 is provided. Multiple pistons] Each of the 11 has a special shape The insulating cap] 21 has a heat insulating cap] 21 which attenuates and and/or to cool the surface of the histostone cap 21. Heat storage with cell means, such as microporous structures, for the passage of liquids and vapors and a pre-ignition chamber formed by the concave profile of the cap. desirable.

The engine embodiment shown in Figure 14 operates most efficiently at very high pressures. Therefore, it is most suitable for compound engines as a high-pressure area element, especially the 11th Like the screw in the figure or the rotary compressor expander in figures 7 and 13. Suitable for integrating rotating elements.

One configuration of this compact engine unit is shown in FIG. 15.

This configuration has a size and structure that allows for a wide range of applications, and nine outputs. The shaft can be connected to a suitable gearbox or transmission and It is designed to be able to operate independently. The reciprocating element 1 is placed above the rotating element 92. 25 are connected, it is convenient for efficient gas flow. Special In addition, additional intermediate or accessory elements are combined to enhance the hesic unit. It is true if it is done/is being done. Compressor air outlet 4-t of rotating element 92 126 and the combustion gas intake z-) 12'7 are the respective intakes of the reciprocating element 125. The exhaust manifold 128 and the exhaust manifold 30 are connected directly to each other. compression gas A metal flap valve 95 is provided to allow the gas to flow in one direction.

A second configuration of the compact engine is shown in a front-to-back arrangement in FIG. Past The rotating element 92, enlarged relative to the reciprocating element 125, is exposed to reduced atmospheric conditions or This is particularly effective when low pressure supercharging is limited.

Basic unit of compound reciprocating rotary engine, No. 16 (Figures 1 to 22) Promoting means may be provided to promote efficiency as shown.

In FIG. 17, the reciprocating element] 25 has an interposed connection part between it and the rotating element 92. are doing. A pressure wave supercharger 130 removes air from the rotating element before entering the reciprocating element. Additive compression and periodic volumetric cycling of both reciprocating and rotating elements Alleviate or smooth the pressure and ξrus from the base. The compression side is connected to rotating elements and An intercooler is provided between the supercharger and the reciprocating element. round trip The dynamic elements are the same as the unit of Figure 14 with the thermal storage liner, but are referred to here. This figure also has unusual liners and other engine elements as shown in the figure below. These engine elements can be included and assembled without the need for a vehicle. similarly , the rotating element is the same as that of the epitrochoidal type, but the disclosed composite screw cone Pressor expanders and other types of positive displacement rotary compressors May include.

In FIG. 18, the reciprocating element 125 is connected to the rotating element 9 via the intermediate combustion chamber It is connected to 2. Intermediate combustion chamber] 31 is for adjusting the supplementary air to the combustion chamber. A compressed air bypass circuit 132 having a control valve 33 is provided. recovery heat exchanger Thermal energy added to the exhaust gas by the exchanger 140 is transferred to the air-gas supply means]3 It will be returned within 4. The fuel supply means 135 recovers the consumed energy of the exhaust gas. A preheater 136 may also be included in order to

In FIG. 19, a supercharger 14] is added to the thermodynamic cascade configured in FIG. It is. The supercharger discharges the low-pressure expanded gas before exhausting it through the recovery heat exchanger 140. Through effective utilization, reduction and compression of intake air is achieved. By compression Intermediate for compressed air as well to reduce added volume and temperature A cooler is provided.

In FIG. 20, Complex (registered trademark) pressure wave supercharger] 30 is A reciprocating engine that essentially combines the configurations of Figures 17 and 19 without an intermediate combustion chamber. It is installed between the dynamic element 125 and the rotating element 92.

In Figure 21, an intermediate combustion chamber is provided, which consists of rotating elements and reciprocating elements. This is a buy/miss circuit 143 that allows the elements to be used separately from each other.

In FIG. 22, an additional pressure wave supercharger 130 is connected to a supercharger 141 and a positive displacement rotary element 92 to increase compression and smooth the pressure pulses of rotating element 92. I'll do it. The power for driving the pressure wave guide supercharger 130 is both positive and Pulled from the combined output drive train of the rotating and reciprocating elements that perform the mechanical operation. I can go out.

Each element in the thermal activation cascade described above has its specified range of action. It is designed to operate within. Therefore, only the reciprocating element Designed to withstand pressure. rotating elements and other auxiliary or intervening The elements are.

Each is designed to be suitable for operation at low pressures.

In the embodiments described above, detailed contents of the present invention are not described in order to provide a complete disclosure of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will not be able to explain the details without departing from the essence of the present invention. It is clear that many variations can be made.

Procedural amendment (formality) May 3, 1986 1.Display of the incident PCT/US86,100137 2. Name of the invention heat storage engine 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Applicant address Name: Ball, Marius Nie 4. Agent/ Address: Room 206, Shin-Otemachi Building, 2-2-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 5. Date of amendment order: April 28, 1988 (shipment date) 6. Subject of amendment (1) Power of attorney and translation (2) Translated international search report of the typewritten letter and claims

Claims (40)

[Claims] (1) In a heat storage engine, including a cylinder and a piston that reciprocates in the cylinder; the cylinder and the piston; and an internal combustion device partially forming a combustion chamber, and a series at predetermined intervals. intake means for introducing air into the combustion chamber and combustion gas at predetermined intervals; evacuation means for removing from the cylinder and at least a portion of said chamber; a thermal storage liner, the liner having a surface forming a plurality of thermal storage cells; the cell periodically receives and retains compressed air from the cylinder, and A heat storage engine adapted to exhaust and thermally insulate the cylinder from the heat of combustion. . (2) In the engine according to claim 1, the heat storage cell an engine which is placed in communication with said chamber separately; (3) In the engine according to claim 1, the specific intake and compression of the piston engine , the cyclic strokes of expansion, evacuation and waste gas removal are performed on the compressed air storage cell. It is designed to generate continuous and periodic motion, and the compressed air accumulates heat. It is integrated into the cell and absorbs the heat radiated from the entire heat retaining part of the liner. The enthalpy content of the compressed air is increased and the cooling process is An engine designed to release energy during the expansion stroke as recovered energy. (4) In the engine according to claim 2, the cylinder is lined with a heat storage liner, The structure of the liner forms a labyrinth sealing structure, and the piston is separated from the structure of the thermal storage liner. An engine adapted to be displaced by the smallest increments. (5) In the engine according to claim 4, the heat storage liner has a plurality of alternate structures. An engine with parallel fins and grooves. (6) In the engine according to claim 6, the structure of the heat storage liner of the cylinder has an angular engine having a plurality of alternating fins and grooves with a specific orientation. (7) In the engine according to claim 6, the groove is made with a defined depth and width, and The fins are slightly spaced apart from the piston to direct airflow from cell to cell. from the cell close to the bottom of the piston stroke to the top of the piston stroke An engine in which a pressure stratification is created that extends to cells in close proximity to the engine. (8) In the engine according to claim 5, the groove is made with a defined depth, width and orientation. so that the radial movement of the air during the expansion stroke of the piston is directed towards the center of the chamber. , an engine by which hot gases are kinetically forced away from the liner of the cylinder . (9) In the engine according to claim 4, prior to or after the compression stroke of the piston. means for projecting a spray liquid onto the liner when the cell is brought into communication with the chamber; The spray liquid is carried into the cell to provide evaporative cooling, and an engine adapted to be displaced during the expansion process to produce an additive force . (10) In the engine according to claim 4, the heat storage liner covers substantially the entire combustion chamber. cooling jacket means surrounding and defining a narrow cavity, in which A cooling liquid can be heated by heat introduced from the combustion chamber, and the cavity is in continuous communication with the working space within the cylinder, and the cooling jacket means A defined amount of cooling liquid is placed into the thin cell gap defined by the fins of the , at fixed points during each complete cycle of the engine, and the resulting cooling The thin film of cooling liquid is heated to produce high-pressure and hot steam that fills the working space in the cylinder. a projection means for causing the injection to occur, thereby providing a Rankine process. The institution that has it. (11) In the engine according to claim 10, the engine is shaped by cooling jacket means. A narrow spiral passage formed near the bottom end of the combustion chamber begins near the bottom end of the combustion chamber and ends at the top end of the combustion chamber. Institutions that are made to close nearby. (12) In the engine according to claim 11, the cooling jacket means a narrow spiral passage formed in at least one projection hole adjacent to the upper end of the cylinder; an engine which is placed in continuous communication with the cylinders of the engine through the (13) In the engine according to claim 12, at least a portion of the cooling liquid is To recover from the exhaust gases and streams that are expelled from the engine during the exhaust process and the recovered cooling liquid is mostly used by the projection means. An institution that is becoming like this. (14) In the engine according to claim 4, the piston is moved away from the heat storage liner. Institutions that have the means to maintain progressive separation. (15) In the engine according to claim 14, the cylinder is arranged in at least three compartments. The first combustion section has a heat storage liner and the second combustion section has air and gas holes. and the third guide section is displaced from the first combustion section by said intermediate hole section. the said hand holding the heat storage liner at a progressive distance from the heat storage liner. a stage having a piston guide cylinder located in said guide section; The guide cylinder is displaced from the combustion chamber so that the temperature is relatively cool. A growing institution. (16) Large diameter cap and guide in a position where the piston reciprocates within the first zone and a small diameter heating section reciprocating within the zone. The engine according to range item 15. (17) The means for holding the piston in an incrementally spaced manner from the storage chamber liner is double clamped. It consists of a rank and double connecting rod mechanism, which is connected to the piston side shaft. two counter-rotating crankshafts, the pistons being connected to two counter-rotating crankshafts. connecting rods, and the mechanism is dynamically balanced to reduce side thrust. 15. The engine according to claim 14. (18) The engine includes a second piston, the piston being permanently together with the first piston. form a mechanism in dynamic equilibrium, and the mechanism forms two parallel lateral The arranged synchronous reciprocating piston, the connecting rod in dynamic equilibrium, and the opposite It consists of a crankshaft that rotates in the opposite direction, and the pistons are moved relative to each other by a strap. are interconnected, so that the lateral thrusts are always opposed and the distance between the piston and cylinder is Balance the lateral contact globally and ensure that the mechanism is in permanent dynamic equilibrium and in synchronization. It cooperates with a combustion chamber in both cylinders, which produces the same pressure release in both cylinders. 15. The engine according to claim 14. (19) The narrow space formed by the cooling jacket is above the engine cylinder. 11. The engine of claim 10, which surrounds a substantial portion of the wall. (20) The engine also has a pre-combustion chamber located just above the top of the cylinder. and a narrow space formed by a cooling jacket further surrounds the pre-combustion chamber. 20. The engine according to claim 19. (21) The cooling fluid injected by the injection means is transferred from the combustion work space. Qualitatively absorbs all the heat, which makes the internal combustion engine free of heat insulation and cylinder work. The system is not constrained by additional means of dissipating the heat transferred from space, and 21. The engine according to claim 20, which operates as a system. (22) The piston has a heat storage cap with a cell means having an extremely small perforation structure, and the packing is Claim 1: Absorbing and releasing compressed gas during the compression cycle of an engine. Engine listed. (23) If the cooling fluid is water, liquefied gas, or liquid No. 2 (liquid No. 2), Ha The engine according to claim 10, which contains hydroammonium, methanol, etc. (24) If the cooling fluid is water, liquefied gas, or liquid No. 2 (liquid No. 2), Ha The engine according to claim 11, which contains hydroammonium, methanol, etc. (25) Cylinder, reciprocating movement within the cylinder that partially forms the combustion chamber for gas combustion Possible piston, intake means for introducing air into the cylinder, monolithic combination at medium pressure a high pressure reciprocating element including extraction means for discharging combustion gases from the cylinder at the reciprocating element; an integral compressor of the air intake and pressurized air outlet communicating with the intake means of the dynamic element; A combustion gas inlet communicating with the retsa segment and the reciprocating element ejection means. a positive displacement rotary element having a positive displacement and injecting fuel into the cylinder of the reciprocating element; A compound reciprocating rotary engine consisting of a fuel injection means for (26) The engine according to claim 25, wherein the reciprocating element has an insulating liner. hmm. (27) An insulating liner communicates with the cylinder for periodic inflow and release of pressurized air. 27. The engine according to claim 26, wherein the engine is a regenerator liner comprising a cell. (28) Compound displacement screw compressor and screw with positive rotary element 26. The engine of claim 25 comprising an expander unit. (29) The rotary element has a compound epidermal trochoidal compressor expander. 26. The engine according to claim 25. (30) Claim 2 consisting of a combination of intermediate pressure wave superchargers The engine described in item 5. (31) The engine according to claim 30, which is combined with an auxiliary turbocharger. hmm. (32) The engine according to claim 25, which comprises a combination of intermediate mutual combustion chambers. (33) The engine according to claim 32, which is combined with an auxiliary turbocharger. hmm. (34) Claim 3 consisting of a combination of intermediate pressure wave superchargers The engine described in item 3. (35) Second pressure wave installed between the turbocharger and the rotary element 35. The engine according to claim 34, comprising a percharger. (36) A second piston in which the reciprocating element faces the first piston and has a common combustion chamber. 26. An engine according to claim 25, comprising: (37) Each piston has two connecting rods, each rod having an independent reaction 37. The engine of claim 36 having a rotating crankshaft. (38) Claim 37, wherein the common cylinder has a heat storage chamber liner. engine. (39) The power output of the reciprocating element and the power output of the rotary element are unified. Claim 37 interconnected by transmission means for Engine listed. (40) The transmission may vary the interconnection ratio of the power transmission. Claim 37, comprising means for connecting and disconnecting the power output. engine.