JPS60501370A - internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Internal combustion engine Hayashi Lin The thermal efficiency of today's internal combustion engines is the point at which the potential energy of the fuel is converted into physical work. The percentage is approximately 30%. The remaining 70% is lost to the cooling and exhaust system. It is. In general, the recovery of lost thermal energy is very complicated and requires High horsepower equipment installed on ships is only profitable.

The present invention maximizes the efficiency of two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engines and Aims at various improvements to increase power.

The invention includes the following objects and features.

The present invention integrates the thermal circulation of reciprocating and Rankine type internal combustion engines. same Sometimes the invention is developed based on the residual energy of the thermal circulation of reciprocating internal combustion engines. .

Internal combustion heat engines, steam generators, and steam-powered heat engines are unique machines; The established thermal cycles (gas and steam) are generated in parallel and simultaneously restoratively, compensatoryly and integrally. It's on display. The cause is the combustion gas of the internal combustion engine and superheated steam generated from the steam generator. It is produced in the active phase of air (W tension and discharge), and the piston and tank are formed by mixing. - Create a homogeneous motive force that acts on the mud.

The residual energy of the thermal cycle of an internal combustion engine is generated by complex heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation, contact, The rank of the steam generator is integrated by mixing (mixing). into the flowing cooling water, through a preheating stage, evaporation and superheating, and finally internal combustion. Part of the cylinder is injected into the cooling jacket. And from here it becomes a combustion chamber and a knee-heavy , go to the room. Here, combustion and evaporation of the fuel and final superheating of the steam take place simultaneously. . Continued mixing of the two dynamics in the gas turbine and thermal reciprocating engine Expansion is done by energetically exhausting the heat parasorter (gas and steam ) Achieve full utilization of thermal energy. The condensed state of nine air, which is almost liquid, is called condensation. This is done in the noise absorber/゛・ in the dessert, thus the working path of the liquid is terminated. Ru. The recovered water in the condenser (approximately 80-90°C) is converted back into hydrocarbons. The condensed steam resulting from the combustion of Ru. This thermal circulation transfers the thermal energy generated within the engine cylinder from the outside to the inside. and automatically create an adiabatic condition to prevent heat loss and direct it to the cooling system. (excluding supercharged air).

Heat engines as homogeneous units operate in two or four cycles.

A four-stroke heat engine uses suction and exhaust valves, and exhaust air, additional suction. Consists of a unified unit of gas exchange distribution by ports located in the cylinder base for . Separation of the exhaust process from the intake process is done with a rotating distribution valve, It concentrates on the air and intake valves and is synchronized with the 4-cycle stage.

A four-stroke heat engine with a unified gas exchange/distribution and heat integration cycle is an engine Transmission with two ratios from crankshaft to distribution system (n/1 and n, /2) gear system changes to 2-stroke engine can do. This replaces the cam shirt [・ in the axial direction of each cylinder, and The cylinder is equipped with two cams. The first is for 4-cycle operation, the second is for 2-cycle operation. This is for cycle operation. The central rotation stage 11-momme valve is closed in the permanent exhaust position. They remain the same and only one serves as the exhaust. Engine from 2 cycles to 4 Changing to cycle will increase horsepower by 75-80%, and horsepower can be used twice. capability and can accommodate a wide range of operating conditions.

A two-stroke engine with port exhaust and a thermally integrated cycle has a central check engine. The base of the cylinder with a steam-generating sleeve located in the zone of the combustion chamber in / to It has an intake/exhaust port and an exhaust port. This superheats the steam and cleans the air. Provides homogeneous mixing of combustion gases and simultaneously generates motive liquid (steam and gas).

This affects the subsequent exhaust gas even at the beginning of the combustion phase in the engine. It is also held in the Kuhino of Su. The engine combustion chamber is a steam superheating central checker. It consists of an upper port with a conical nozzle connected to the cylinder and facing inside the cylinder. It has a distributed counter profile corresponding to the piston.

Supercharging of 2- and 4-cycle engines and the ultimate use of gas energy / Combined diesel and gas with perper combustion chamber for under load Secured by starbin.

The engine configuration is variable between 4 cycles and 2 cycles due to the heat-containing cycle. Water supply system, outer block with jacket of steam generator in engine cylinder Consisting of an interior with an exterior spiral groove for water guidance and heat transfer. Siri The base of the cylinder has a piston control port for exhaust and additional intake. ing. The central upper part of the cylinder is fitted with a crankshaft at a ratio of n/'2. Four-wheel drive supported by radial-axial bearings and rotationally driven by gears A single/< lube is placed in the center of the distribution valve. The reciprocating movement of the valve is adjusted This is done by a camshaft that moves a tappet through a plate. springs and bearings The injury brings together the kinetic chain of distribution. Air is drawn in by a turbo compressor, Compressed air is injected into an intermediate cooler, from where it passes to the engine cylinders. Through the port, the central 7 people can reach Rubthorn at the same time through the pipe, and the Distributor The computer enters the engine cylinder during intake. The exhaust is handled by the distributor. During exhaust, it is discharged from the cylinder by a central valve and guided to the exhaust gas turbine. , from there it enters the noise absorber and capacitor. Alongside the main air circulation , the engine has a bypass circuit. It includes pipes, butterfly valves, ] Consists of a combustion chamber and additional pipes for turbine gas. For cooling water and steam generation water is stored in a tank, from where it is pumped to the top of the cylinder block by a low-pressure pump. The water injection pump was guided by the water jacket I and then into the 24% generation chamber. It will be destroyed. From there it enters the combustion chamber by a circular group surrounding the seat of the individual valve. Ru. The piston has a central combustion chamber. In the case of 2-cycle, the camshaft is n/ It is rotatably driven with a ratio of 1 (mechanism not shown in the figure) and has a cap for 2 cycles. Performs linear motion in one axis direction according to the system specifications, and the /club of the disc I/rebutter At the same time, it is fixed in the exhaust position.

A two-stroke engine configuration with a thermally integrated cycle is placed in the center of the steam generator. It consists of a cylinder block with a cooling chamber, and the engine cylinders go to the bottom of the block. Equipped with a few intake/exhaust ports and an exhaust port, and a central chamber at the top center. There is. This provides superheated steam in contact with the combustion chamber and combustion gases. gas flows through the upper duct and central nozzle to the piston profile air cooler. from where it enters the engine cylinder via the exhaust port. starting the engine The turbocharger uses combustion gas supplied from the combustion chamber to A blower is used. This acts in the bypass circuit and causes the butterfly valve to The combustion gases are blown out in a controlled manner through pipes leading to the gas turbine. dregs Expanding gas from the turbine exhausts gas and steam from the cylinder next to the exhaust port A condenser that collects water from the generator and from the combustion of hydrocarbons. Enter sa. Water is stored in a tank and from there is absorbed by a low pressure pump to cool the engine. The water is guided through a cooling jacket, preheated, and finally injected into a steam generator by a water injection pump. be done.

blood-stopping dish Figure 1 is a diagram of the thermal function, 4 and 2 cycles with integrated thermal cycles. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the variable engine of the vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the gas exchange process in a four-stroke engine.

Figure 2.1 shows the end of exhaust - upper exhaust (+a, -a) - start of suction.

Figure 2.2 shows intake by a single valve and addition by a port on the cylinder base. It is inhalation.

Figure 2.3 shows the end of compression and upper exhaust (+a, -a).

Figure 2.4 shows exhaust air using a single valve and scavenging air using a port on the cylinder base. It is. Figure 2.5 shows exhaust by a single/h valve.

FIG. 3 is a time division diagram of gas exchange within a four-stroke engine.

Figure 4 shows the entropy of the Rankine combination and integrated cycle, and of the internal combustion cycle. It's an eargram.

Figure 5 is a thermodynamic tire diagram showing the port using a two-stroke engine. Figure 7 is a water injection diagram. .

FIG. 8 is a diagram of pressure changes inside the engine.

Futong Court J In Figure 1, the 4- and 2-cycle variable engine that monitors the integrated heat cycle is Operation in cycle mode is indicated. This item comes with 2 outer water spaces. The steam generator tank is located in the center of the vent 3, and inside there is water and water in the outer part. Outer cylinder with working cylinder with helical groove 4 providing passage for heat transfer It is made of 1 and is 0. The base of the cylinder has a port for additional air intake and scavenging. A piston 6 controls the piston 6. Single/< Valve 7 is cylinder The valve 8 is located in the center of the upper part of the camshaft. Driven by the foot 80 at a ratio of n/2, the radial shaft It is supported by a luaxial bearing 9 and rotationally driven by a gear 10. bar The reciprocating movement of the blade is performed by a camshaft 11, and this shaft is connected via an adjustment plate 13. and acts on the tabent 12. The spring 14 and the bearing 15 complete the mechanical chain of distribution. ensure that

Air is sucked in by turbo compressor 6, which transfers the compressed air to an intermediate cooler. Injected. From here, it enters the base of the engine cylinder through port 5, and at the same time through the pipe 18 to reach the zone of the central valve 7 and the distributor 8 enters the engine cylinder within the time that ensures the suction cycle. Exhaust gas is the exhaust The central valve 7 and the exhaust gas turbine 16 are It flows out through the distributor 8. From there, the noise absorber including the capacitor Enter server 19. Along with the main air circuit, the engine has pipe 20, butterfly Bicycle for combustion gases consisting of a valve 21, an additional combustion chamber 22 and an additional pipe 23 It has a pass circuit. Water used for cooling and steam generation is stored in a tank 24. , from which it is sucked by the low pressure pump 25 and guided to the upper part of the cylinder block 1. , passes through the jacket 2, passes through the water injection pump 26, enters the steam generation chamber 4, and there It enters the combustion chamber 4 via a circular group surrounding the single valve seat 7. piston 6 has a central combustion chamber 28.

The two-stroke engine according to the integrated cycle shown in FIG. 5 is equipped with a cooling chamber 30, The jacket 31 of the steam generator is located in the center, and the suction/scavenging port is located at the bottom of the cylinder. It consists of a cylinder block 29 with a seat 32. There is a concentration room 3 in the central L section. 4, which contacts the wall of the combustion chamber 35 and the combustion gas to ensure superheating of the steam. There is. The combustion gas is ejected through the upper duct 36 and the central nozzle 37, and the piston 3 The control is impaired by the profile 38 of 9. From turbonia compressor 40 The air to be taken in is sent to the air cooler 41 and from there passes through the scavenging port 32 to the engine. Enter the gin cylinder. Turbonier blower 40 is used when starting the engine and under high load. is supplied by the combustion chamber 42, acts in the bypass circuit, and is supplied by the butterfly valve 43. The combustion gas is supplied with controlled combustion gas. The butterfly valve 43 controls combustion gas. The expanded gas is injected into the gas turbine via pipe 44, where the expanding gas passes through the exhaust port. It mixes with the scum and steam exhausted from the cylinder and enters the condenser 45. Conde The sensor 45 recovers water produced by the generator and combustion of hydrocarbons. water is tank 46, from where it is drawn into a low-pressure pipe and sent to the engine cooling system for preheating. The water is guided through the jacket and finally sucked into the water injection pump and injected into the high-pressure steam generator. be done.

Variable engine with this stroke and integrated thermal cycles of 2 and 4 cycles is operated according to the invention as follows.

A turbine-driven compressor 16 is electrically driven and delivers compression to the combustion chamber 22. Start supplying air, start the turbonier blower at normal speed and accelerate to supply supercharging air. supply.

Once started, the engine can operate at maximum operating capacity from the beginning. 'In Figure 6 According to the above, fuel injection starts by α ahead of the dead center. Water injection is a high pressure pump 26, which pumps water at a higher pressure than the combustion chamber according to the delay angle shown in Figure 7. injection, which has a critical pressure value of 221 bar and a desired value of 647° = 3V4°C. Delicious. The water reaches a critical temperature, which is the temperature at the end of air compression or at the beginning of combustion. corresponds to the normal temperature reached by the gas. Steam generation at critical parameters is In terms of consumption of mechanical power and use of potential energy of superheated steam, combustion Maximum efficiency is achieved at values determined by temperature peaks during firing and combustion. workman The homogeneous mixture of gas and steam in the engine cylinder 3 expands to a temperature of 300-300℃. 506C = 573-623°K, which is approximately 1 in the exhaust gas turbine. 20°C continues, which allows full use of the potential energy of the motive force. It becomes possible.

The mixture of gas and vapor enters a condenser 19 with a noise absorber. The absorber lowers the temperature below the condensation point (90-95°C). This will cool the water again , introduced into the preheating, evaporation, superheating and condensation circuits.

The stroke in the 4th cycle is completed by a single valve and a single distribution via port 5. 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.

2.1 position - when the central valve 7 is fully open, the exhaust is interrupted and the piston 6 is at top dead center and the distributor valve 8 is in the position shown in Figure 12.1.1. fresh compressed air from pipe 18 ensures sufficient scavenging of the combustion gases. '.

2.2 position - cylinder connection of pipe 18 while piston 6 is lowering Air is admitted by the valve, the central valve 7 opens, and the distributor 2. 2.1. come to the position. Piston 6 opens air port 5, thereby allowing additional air Qi is supplied. The sum of the inflow parts is equal to or exceeds the surface of the piston. This results in filling up to the maximum order of magnitude.

2. Port 5 in the cylinder base while the piston 6 is in position 3 - raised. After the air is compressed, the central valve 7 is closed and the disc is Tributer 8 is 2.3.1. come to the position. In fuel injection, critical parameters Fuel injection, combustion and steam injection take place at the end of compression.

2. While the piston 6 is descending to position 4 - Momen hE, tensioning of I11 is performed. , combustion gas is freely exhausted while valve 7 is open, and the piston moves to the scavenging port. When door 5 is open, scavenging air flows in and removes combustion debris from the cylinder. extrude At this time, the distributor 8 is set to 2.4.1. in the position of the cylinder The exhaust manifold is connected to allow steam to flow into the turbine.

Position 2.5 - During the exhaust phase, the piston 6 is closed and the mixed steam gas is transferred to the turbine 1. Move it to 6. During this exhaust phase solo/help 7 is fully opened and the distributor Viewer 8 is 2.5.1. located at the connection between the cylinder and the exhaust manifold ensure that

In Figure 3, the diagrammatic change of Kushono in Chrono is shown, and 2.2.1 , 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 The results under ν are depicted in relation to figures: During the preliminary exhaust phase 2.4, the combustion residue is forcibly scavenged via port 5. The air from the cylinder presses hard to completely clean the used gas from the cylinder. Secure the inside of the cylinder, entire piston surface, cylinder head, and exhaust valve to cool down.

During the original exhaust phase 2.5, the amount of steam, gas, and scavenging air that entered via port 5 The object is evacuated by the piston 6 to the center of the dead center.

1 While in the upper scavenging phase 2.1, the piston 6 has completely finished exhausting the gas and The revulator 8 has upper scavenging 2.1. Ensure j. This will remove unnecessary gas inside the cylinder. Cleaning of the gases (combusted and expanded gases) is completely completed.

During the suction phase 2.2, air enters through valve 7 and distributor 8 enters 2.2. 2.1. It enters the cylinder through port 5 and fills the cylinder. is completed.

In the case of a 2-cycle engine, the variable engine operation is done by the crankshaft and camshaft 11. "Change the bow rotation ratio (from n/2 to n/1) and execute. Camshaft 11 is shifted axially to actuate the two-cycle unique cam 50. In this transformation , the distributor 8 is locked in the permanently vented position. fuel injection system rotates synchronously with the camshaft (not shown) and passes through the rotating reservoir. Ru. In particular, the speed of the injection pump is driven from 80 (engine cam shirt). continues to be. In this functional receiver, valve 7 is the exhaust/rub, and port 5 performs scavenging and filling of the cylinder. Water injection synchronizes with fuel injection, new feature Adaptation in the receiver is automatic.

The operation of the 2S/F cruise engine is controlled by the main engine through the ports of the integrated heat cycle by distribution. According to FIG.

The turbo blower 40 is rotationally driven by an electric starter, and the compressor Air is supplied to the baking chamber 42. The combustion chamber 42 normally operates the turbo blower 40 by combustion. It is driven at a rotational ratio of 2-cycle engine to supply the necessary air. At the same time, The engine is driven by an electric starter, and the starter becomes a normal receiver. and is cut off.

The water required for the steam generator is sucked in from the tank h-)6 by a low pressure pump 47, and It is guided to the jacket 30 through preheating circulation, and from there it is supplied to the water injection high pressure pump 48. When inhaled at critical parameters (pressure 220-240 par, temperature 374'C) is injected into the jacket of the steam generator. This is part 2 of "Intensive Room 34" Ensure water transfer to the central zone. Therefore, steam production and superheating are the combustion process. parameters (2200-23000C) and in this way the heat stroke is Always done efficiently. Expansion due to homogeneous mixing of steam and combustion gas at 350°C In the turbine 40, the inlet parameters are changed and the final expansion is 120'c. This completes the potential energy of the working fluid with high gain. energy The steam and gas mixture discharged during the crisis is conducted to condenser 45, which increases the temperature. Fry to the condensation point (approximately 90-95°C) and recover the water, which is stored in tank 46. Stored.

The advantages of the new stroke and integrated thermal cycle engine operation are as follows: .

Utilizes potential energy to maximize thermal efficiency and improve actual combustion during the combustion process. can be used to reduce fuel consumption the most.

Thermodynamics due to the possibility of supercharging the engine in the stoichiometric regime to ensure the highest energy concentration potential.

The energy emitted from the diesel engine stroke is determined by the highest energy parameter. Guarantees integrated thermal insulation function by fully utilizing the efficiency.

Prevents the weight of the cooling system from increasing and simplifies the engine structure.

Reduce the thermal and mechanical stress of the engine and extend its operational life.

The generation of superheating of water vapor during combustion is caused by the accumulation of harmful substances in the combustion gas and exhaust gas. It reduces the pollution caused by pollution and thoroughly solves pollution phenomena at the highest level of thermal efficiency.

Integrated thermal cycle engines are generally available without any limited conditions and are widely used worldwide. contribute to reducing the energy crisis in China.

Four-stroke engines can be used with or without a Rankine cycle; Provides an improved engine through the use of single valves 7 for suction and exhaust do. Because it is a single unit, it can be made larger than conventional /clubs, and can be used for scavenging and purging. It can also be used to inhale additional air. Distributor valve 8 converts the exhaust stroke into the intake stroke and concentrate them in the exhaust-intake pulp 7. 4 cycle engine The engine can be quickly and easily changed to a 2-stroke engine, and the output can be changed for different uses. there is a possibility. Both 2-cycle and 4-cycle gas turbine compressor circuits are used. By doing so, supercharging is possible. Additionally, the combustion chamber can be used for heavy loads and rapid starts. We can do it together.

However, the present invention accomplishes the task in addition to the original purpose described here. method of writing a non-procedural amendment to achieve the results and its advantages) 1. Display of incidents PCT/US84100754 2. Name of the invention internal combustion engine 3. Person who makes corrections Relationship to the incident: Applicant address Name: Paul, Maurice A. 4. Agent Address: Room 206, Shin-Otemachi Building, 2-2-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Phone 270-6641-6646 7. Contents of correction As shown in the attached document (no changes have been made to the content) (Article 184-7, Paragraph 1 of the Patent Act) January 21, 1985 Mr. Manabu Shiga, Commissioner of the Patent Office 1. Display of patent application PCT/US84100754 2. Name of the invention internal combustion engine 6. Patent applicant Address: 77061 for Texas, USA. Heaston.

Glen Vista 8607 Name: Paul, Maurice A. 4. Agent Address: 2-2-1-5 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Date of submission of amendment September 20, 1980 6. List of attached documents (1) One translation of the written amendment Amended claims 1. Envelops virtually the entire cylinder, partitions a thin space, and coolant filter inside. The thin space is heated by the heat transferred through the outside of the cylinder, and the thin space A cooling shank system in continuous communication with the working space within the of coolant to the cooling jacket system at specified times during the entire engine cycle. injection into a thin, separated space, thereby heating the coolant film and creating a high-pressure overload. Thermal steam is generated and introduced into the working space inside the cylinder, where the Rankine cycle is applied. The improvement is that the cylinder has an injection device that supplies the air, and a cylinder that can reciprocate inside the cylinder. internal combustion engine with a moving piston.

2. A thin space separated by a cooling jacket device forms a narrow spiral passage. However, this starts near the bottom of the cylinder and ends near the top of the cylinder. The improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that:

3. A narrow spiral passage separated by a cooling jacket device is located at the top of the cylinder. continuous communication with the engine cylinder through a circular injection port adjacent to the The improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that:

4. The cooling jacket device injects cooling liquid into the spiral passage by the injection device. A narrow cylindrical chamber surrounding a spiral-shaped chamber used for preheating before heating 3. The improvement according to claim 2, further comprising a device for:

5. Substantially the entire amount of coolant injected by the injector is used in one cycle of the engine. It is characterized by being heated during the heating process and being led to the working space of the cylinder as superheated steam. Improvement according to claim 1.

6. Because the working space of the cylinder and the thin space are in continuous communication, the injection device The coolant injected into the thin space further flows into the compressed air and exhaust gas in the crank working space. The improvement according to claim 5, characterized in that it is heated by air scum.

7. At least a portion of the coolant is removed from the exhaust gas discharged from the engine during the exhaust cycle. The cooling liquid recovered from the gas is sequentially used by an injection device. Improvements described in Section 1.

8. A thin space separated by a cooling jacket device is located at the top of the engine cylinder. The modification according to claim 1, characterized in that the modification surrounds a wooden part of the wall. good.

The 9° internal combustion engine further includes a pre-combustion chamber immediately above the top of the cylinder and a cooling jacket. The pre-combustion chamber is further surrounded by a thin space delimited by the combustion chamber. The improvement as set forth in claim 8.

10. The coolant injected by the injection device is substantially generated from the crank working space. The internal combustion engine becomes an insulating system, reducing the cylinder working space. It is characterized by the fact that it eliminates the need for any additional equipment that wastes the heat generated from the Claim 11: The improvement according to Claim 1, wherein the cooling liquid comprises water.

12. A cylinder, a piston that can reciprocate within the cylinder, and a cylinder that moves at scheduled intervals. A device for introducing air into the cylinder and a device for discharging gas discharged from the cylinder. An internal combustion engine consisting of a combustion chamber, a device for introducing air into the combustion chamber, and a device for guiding air from the combustion chamber. An external combustion device consisting of an exhaust device for guiding combustion gas, and an inlet device and an external combustion device for an internal combustion device. a compressor device that supplies air to both the suction device of the combustion device; between the compressor device and the intake device of the external combustion device to adjust the amount of air Valve devices inserted and fuel removed from both internal and external combustion devices. It consists of a turbine device driven by combustion gas, and the internal combustion device and external combustion device are mutually connected. A heat engine characterized by operating independently.

13. The internal combustion device further generates high-pressure and superheated steam, and The exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a device that directs combustion gases into the cylinder at specified intervals. Both steam from the cylinder is removed from the cylinder at specified intervals, thereby The internal combustion engine operates the Rankine cycle, and the turbine device further removes it from the internal combustion engine. 13. The heat according to claim 12, characterized in that it is driven by the removed steam. institution.

14.Furthermore, the combustion gases and steam removed from the internal combustion engine are directed from the external combustion engine. mixing with combustion gases so that the steam is reheated before driving the turbine The heat engine according to claim 13, characterized in that:

15. The evaporator of an internal combustion engine encloses the entire cylinder and divides a thin space in which the cylinder runs. A cooling jacket in which a film of coolant is heated by heat directed outward through the cylinder. cooling jacket system and cooling jacket at specified times during each cycle of the engine. The film of the cooling liquid is heated by the cooling device, generating high-pressure superheated steam, which is then pumped into the cylinder. Claim 1 comprising an injection device for injecting into a working space within The heat engine according to item 13.

16. The internal combustion engine is an adiabatic system that absorbs the heat removed from the working space of the crank. A heat engine characterized in that it does not require any equipment other than a wasteful evaporator.

17. Furthermore, the compressed air supplied by the compressor to the intake device of the internal combustion engine is cooled. 13. A heat engine as claimed in claim 12, including a device for cooling.

18. For the cylinder to open and close the crank for air intake and gas discharge. a relatively longitudinally movable central valve and a central valve for intake of air and discharge of gas; A device that selectively connects with the central valve and a rotating valve that synchronizes with the reciprocation of the central valve. The central valve consists of a drive device that rotates the valve continuously. Crank, movable piston in cylinder, combustion injection, improved valve rotation, and an internal combustion engine consisting of air intake and gas exhaust.

19. The central valve consists of a normal reciprocating valve that performs intake and exhaust, and the rotary valve consists of 4 A rotating slide that rotates in synchronization with the cycle stage to selectively separate intake and exhaust. Claim 1 consisting of a distributor valve with a device The internal combustion engine according to item 18.

20. Furthermore, a port on the cylinder base is periodically controlled by the piston to supply scavenging air. claim characterized by inhaling the necessary amount of additional air to aid in combustion. An internal combustion engine according to scope 19.

21. Combine the suction area of the port with the suction area of the central valve when it opens. Claim 20, characterized in that the area is at least equal to the cross-sectional area of the cylinder. Internal combustion engines as described in Section.

22, %%The engine consists of a crankshaft and a camshaft, and a rotary valve is linked to the crankshaft, the central valve is linked to the camshaft, and the camshaft with a ratio of n/2 for crankshafts for operation of engines with four strokes. Driven by rotation, intake and exhaust are performed alternately through the opening of the central valve. The internal combustion engine according to claim 18, characterized in that:

23. Furthermore, the air intake port on the cylinder base is periodically controlled by the piston to 23. The internal combustion engine according to claim 22, wherein the internal combustion engine performs air intake.

24.Equipped with a transmission device for operating a two-cycle engine, in which a cam The shaft is rotated in conjunction with the crankshaft at a ratio of n/1, and the central bar Claim 23, characterized in that the rotary valve performs exhaust every time the valve opens. Internal combustion engine as described.

25. Camshaft or 1st selection cam for 4 cycle, 2nd selection for 2 cycle It has a cam, and the camshaft can select either 4-cycle or 2-cycle. 25. The internal combustion engine according to claim 24, wherein the internal combustion engine is shiftable on the shaft to institution.

26. A cylinder that works with the cylinder to select air intake and gas discharge. Valve device at the apex and selective valve device synchronized with the 4th cycle stage. The first valve drive device to be operated, and the valve located at the top of the crank that blocks air intake. Selectively operate the/help device in synchronization with the 2nd cycle stage with the provided valve device. A second valve drive and the engine can be selectively operated in four or two cycles. comprising means for selectively switching the first and second valve actuators to A cylinder characterized by a piston movable within the cylinder, fuel injection, air intake converting internal combustion engines from four-stroke to two-stroke operation with Improvement of conversion device.

27. Combustion immediately and concentrically in two parts of the main working space delimited by the cylinder. A device for separating the chambers and a central concentric opening between the pre-combustion chamber and the main working space. and concentric passages surrounding the walls of the combustion chamber for the gases flowing therethrough. and communicate the pre-combustion chamber and the main working space for the passage of gas flow between them. A piston reciprocally movable within the working space and the main working space, characterized by improvements consisting of a device that An internal combustion engine that has a cylinder that separates the cylinder from the cylinder.

28. A plurality of concentric passage dividing devices connecting the concentric passage and the upper end of the pre-combustion chamber. 28. The improvement of claim 27 comprising a port.

29. The method of claim 27, wherein the concentric passages have a substantially homogeneous cross section. Improvement.

30, the wall separating the concentric passage from the precombustion chamber is substantially equal to the concentric passage; 28. The improvement according to claim 27, having a thicker thickness.

31, the central concentric opening has a tapered periphery, and the top side of the piston is centrally concentric. from a tapered profile that coincides with and can be contacted with the tapered periphery of the cardiac aperture. According to claim 27, the effective area of the opening is changed. Improved content.

32. The profile on the top side of the piston shows that the piston is at its top dead center. Claim 31, characterized in that the central concentric opening is substantially closed when Improvements to the description.

33. The internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, and the intake or exhaust is located adjacent to the preliminary combustion chamber. There are no valves at all, and the internal combustion engine has intake and exhaust ports near the bottom of the cylinder. A claim characterized in that it has a fuel injection valve and a device for injecting fuel into the pre-combustion chamber. Improvements described in Item 27 of the Scope of Request.

34. The internal combustion engine also uses high pressure, superheated steam at specified times during each cycle of the engine. is injected into a concentric passage surrounding the pre-combustion chamber, separating the concentric passage from the pre-combustion chamber. The improvement according to claim 27, characterized in that it has a device for cooling the wall of the invention. .

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device that heats water by means of heat exchange with an internal combustion engine, a service that uses normal fuel. In addition to the cycle, the fuel provides a Rankine cycle within the cylinder. A device that injects heated water into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine; A cylinder in an internal combustion engine characterized in that it consists of a device for recovering water from a cylinder, cylinder Improved thermal Rankine cycle device with piston and fuel injection operating inside the cylinder. 2. The device that boosts and sprays water sprays water at that temperature into the cylinder. The device according to claim @1. 3. The exhaust of the engine is connected to a turbine, which compresses air to the engine. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressor is connected to a supplying compressor. Device. 4. The device for heating the water includes a passage spirally surrounding the cylinder, and the water is heated in the cylinder. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device ends near the top of the slope. Place. 5. For turbines that increase engine horsepower and provide additional horsepower 4. The apparatus of claim 3, including a fuel burner comprising: 6. Claim 1 in which the engine is convertible between 2-stroke and 4-stroke The device described. 7. The engine has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the first valve is long with respect to the cylinder. The rotary valve is movable in the hand direction to shut off the air inflow and outflow of the cylinder. located coaxially with the valve and selectively controls the second valve for air inflow and gas outflow. A request characterized by connecting request 8. According to claim 7, the cylinder includes a port that is opened and closed by a piston. equipment. ? , a pre-combustion chamber having an opening adjacent to the cylinder, and a pre-combustion chamber moving into the pre-combustion chamber. Claims including said piston including an upwardly directed profile suitable for retraction. Apparatus according to paragraph 1. 10. A claim characterized in that heated water exchanges heat in conjunction with a pre-combustion chamber. The device according to item 9. 11. A movable piston inside the cylinder, combustion injection, and air flow outflow port. As an improvement, the cylinder is opened and closed for air inflow and gas outflow. Individual valve that is longitudinally movable relative to the cylinder, selectively coaxial with the individual valve an internal combustion engine having a rotary valve connecting the above single valve to air inflow and waste outflow; Seki. 12. The piston opens and closes inside the cylinder, causing air to flow out of the cylinder and gas to flow out. 12. The apparatus of claim 11, including a port for performing. 13. The gas outlet is connected to a turbine, and the turbine supplies air to the air inlet. Claims characterized in that the compressor is connected to and drives a compressor for compression. Apparatus according to clause 12. i4. The engine is convertible between 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines. The device according to claim 13. 15, including a fuel burner coupled to a turbine for providing additional fuel power Apparatus according to claim 13. 16. Move the piston, fuel injection and air inlet and outlet in the cylinder. A preliminary combustion engine is installed inside the cylinder, and as an improvement, it has an opening that is coaxial with the cylinder. It enters the baking chamber and the opening towards the top, creating a narrow gap between them, thereby preventing the There is no delay in the inflow or outflow of fuel, but the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber is A two-stroke internal combustion engine with the above-mentioned pistons scattered through the gap between Seki.