JPS6249295A - Vacuum distiller - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vacuum distillation apparatus using 11-wave heating.

[Technical cost of the invention] In general, as the heating power 1y used in an evaporative distillation apparatus, etc., a resistance type heater is installed on the outer wall of a container containing one liquid per liquid (external heating 7'J type). However, in this Ill'l heat 1j j'c, there is a vacancy in that the required heat Eft is not supplied to the container and efficiently by 11λ.That is, h1 outside 81; heating 1i j'c '? : is {Ii thermal surface t'jl ・ : There is a limit and it is difficult to efficiently supply the required heat. I: Are you sure about the warm stones on the outer wall?t!
The structure of the outer wall exposed to high temperatures of 100% higher than necessary for the processing solution, J, and 200% corrosion, etc.
Therefore, the emergence of other efficient heating means has been strongly desired.

In this way, the instant liquid is evaporated and concentrated, and the nuclear fuel 11 used is extracted during burying. There is llT culm. This waste organic solvent treated T culm is made with phosphoric acid! - Ribjiru (TR P
) 211 mixed solvent of 30% and dodecane 1O% and fission products ([・f)) Take advantage of the difference in boiling point from the two mixed solvents such as ai and degraded solvent [1l] and distill it, reusing 111P and dodecane. It is something to do.

FIG. 8 is a systematic diagram strategically showing a conventional distillation apparatus.

The reference numeral 20 is a 7J]1 heat tank for storing 22 of the heating tank 20, and a resistance heater 21 is installed on the outer wall of the heating tank 20.

1j [1 An evaporation line 233 for introducing the evaporated solvent into the condenser 24 (J-2) is connected to the soil part of the heat tank 20.
This natural line 23 is connected to the condenser 24 and
,: The inside of the heating taffeta 20 is reduced by the vacuum pump 125 II-
There is also a line to cover. -1], at the bottom of the condenser 24, there is condensation 'l! in the tank 27. A recovery line 26 is connected to introduce C.

The conventional distillation apparatus is constructed as shown below. First, a vacuum pump (
, the pressure is reduced from the second point, and the waste solvent 22 is heated by the heater 21 in between. The popular bar [3] is about 280℃,
The temperature of the dodecane is about 200℃, and then the temperature is about 200℃.
-TI"!r), thermal decomposition occurs at about 280°C. However, below 150°C, -"[3
Since the thermal stability M of [) is extremely small on the −C1 side, T' F3
Reduce the pressure in the heating tank 20 so that the boiling point of P is 4150℃ or less (cooling λ), and heat the waste solvent 22 to 1111℃.
3. One boiler is boiled at about 80°C, and -7-
1 (1) and azeotrope of 11. xi! Ra 4 [0
Two waste solvents? /) eye) is where dodecane evaporates 3,
The evaporated dodecane is condensed in a condenser 24 and recovered in a recovery tank 27.

[11★ Technique problem +, ', 11 However, Toi [1 Conventional distillation equipment uses 91, partial heating 15 and τ IC-me 7111 outside the heat tank! The surface mark 1a is high, 8t], and it is difficult to homogenize the waste solvent.
,, l-/hook・-), +111 heat tongue-/wall surface l
・, T I'l r' vaporization N') thermal decomposition occurs, and de i
``J] Separate ・F['l 11!-716 times (J distilled do i'I non f, ': T I3 P and T B)
There were problems such as the decomposition of the acid and the reduction in the recovery rate of the can. In addition, f + chestnut 0 is used for maintenance and replacement of the heater i7i 1. ``(Do not carry out fish inspection work (J)/-1 et al. 11'', 1,512 people used waste solvent
There is a risk that exposure to radiation will increase due to the IJ-1 line.

``1'1 of the Invention This invention was made in order to eliminate the disadvantages of 1st-1-46 of the present defense. An object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum distillation apparatus which improves the recovery rate of distillation products and also facilitates maintenance and inspection.

``Summary of the invention 1 The present invention (21) A heating furnace that stores and heats a liquid to be treated with 7A light (L), a rectification column that rectifies self-effective components by evaporation, and Recovery tank l for recovering distillate from the distillation column
), and reduce the pressure of the heating furnace and rectification tower (such as a negative air gas device with 4 or more pipes, to adjust and cover the volume of the liquid to be treated that has been rectified in the rectification tower) ψ flow It consists of a microwave heating device with a heating source attached to the heating furnace, and the heating furnace is tilted horizontally at an angle of approximately 30°. In addition, there are 100 vacuum distillation systems that are characterized by being carved with microwave waveguides.

According to the present invention, the microphone [ ] 1
Since the wave hn heat H"!'4 is used, maintenance yjλ inspection becomes easy.Furthermore, by using a heating furnace with an inclined waveguide for microwave transmission, the microwave radiation q1
With a small <'K < L/, microphone [1 wave energy = 4- is used for h j, and continuous processing is also possible (Ii (
(・It is easy to hang it from the ceiling.

[Embodiment 1 of the Invention Hereinafter, referring to Fig. 1 1)' +15 Fig. 7, the present invention [
An embodiment of such a vacuum distillation equipment will be described and explained.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 6 denotes a heating furnace with an inclined waveguide for microwave transmission, which is used to heat the liquid 7 to be subjected to ψl. ``A waveguide consisting of a non-monitor 3 and a matching device 4 transmits 1-1 waves t/.
The microphone is connected to the 11-wave oscillator 1 through the cut plate 5.
) The oscillated mark n H+ is suppressed in the ++n heat furnace (,T).

Further, an evaporation line 14 is connected to the heating furnace wall for introducing the evaporated liquid to a rectification column 15, and this evaporation line 14 is connected to a vacuum pump 19 connected to the rectification column 15. There is also a line 1 that reduces the pressure inside the evaporation tank 12.
In addition, tanks 16 and 17 for recovering column components are provided in a part and lower part of the rectifier J7S15.

In the history, an inlet 2E'3.29 for controlling the concentration ratio is provided.

The vacuum distillation apparatus according to the present invention constructed as described above has five parts.
1.0, when the liquid to be treated is 10 F' ([)-1 when the distillation amount is -1''), i + l is clear.

k %
An organic solvent containing 0% dode'camp is supplied from the raw rice supply system 11 and stored in the heating furnace 6. The vacuum pump 19 reduces the rectifier 15 and the inside of the heating furnace 6 by Ff))
Oscillates one wave. This microphone [1 wave 1. L dielectric regime,
For example, the liquid to be treated is heated by passing through a sieve plate such as 4-nodide-r-dilene resin Teff [1] into the heating furnace 6, rectification J-15 and 1) 11 The pressure inside the thermal furnace 6 is monitored by a vacuum gauge 18, and the boiling point of T II [) is 15
0°C culm [alpha]
Can is concentrated to 4. This state is explained using Figure 2.4
Then, Fig. 2 is a vapor-liquid equilibrium curve diagram when the ionic content of +-to 11-kan in the ffJ mixed solvent of -r RP, n-d, l, is changed, and the horizontal axis is the liquid Inside 11-doke'
'Kan's inclusion! i ratio, the vertical axis l is the content of 11-dodecane in the steam. It is concentrated as follows: 0-door'
The steam containing nonone is rectified by steam line 14.
Introduced into h I Fi. The steam is purified in the rectification column 15 at a temperature of 90 to 100%.
F) and 11-dodecane in one direction.

Next, the selection and extrusion of the inclination angle of the waveguide used in the heating furnace 6 will be explained.

As shown in Figure 3, the j
Inside the waveguide halo of this heating furnace, -C, the microphone n wave M is metal m10・+t, and advances in a zigzag pattern f.
i-461, at this time, microphone 11 wave person q・1 angle tσ0 is S! ITθ= (272g) (・shown.

Here, λ: Free space wave i; (mm) 2g: In-tube wavelength (mm) 2g: λ,,'J7 (-17 products-In case of frequency 245
In the case of 0M l-I Z -f λ -122, 4n respectively
u m2g = 147.8mm and from the L notation, Sinθ- = 122゜4/ 147.l'l
θ-566 roars.

On the other hand, foul situations from the liquid level are shown in Figures 4 to 6.
1 and FIG. 4 show the case where the waveguide 6 is set vertically at A'/. In this case, it can be seen that all of the foul waves t return to the oscillator side.

FIG. 5 shows the state of reflection when the waveguide is tilted 1i from the horizontal plane by 56 degrees, and in this case, the reflection is in the same direction as the incident wave. Figure 6 shows the state of reflected waves when tilted 15 degrees from the horizontal plane. In this case, the anti-01 wave (returns to the oscillator side) and the person o
・+, anti-body ・1 are repeated until the liquid level is 1) (>> You can see that it is progressing (arrow △, 11). Arrow B shows that the person is 0'l perpendicular to the liquid level.

From the explanation below, in order to efficiently absorb microwaves into the liquid 7 to be treated, it is necessary to reduce the microwave radiation 61 as much as possible, and as shown in FIG. (I) 56° 1st downward doji, it is possible (-I horizontal (4)
It is necessary to slope it to two river rocks (in the direction of arrow C).

Practically speaking, the angle of the heating furnace 6 is preferably 10° to 30'.

At 10 degrees, the liquid level inside the heating furnace becomes long, and when the inside of the furnace is less than 4 f, the installation area becomes large and large, making it impractical.

When the angle exceeds 30°, the counterwave of the 11 microphone waves returns to the launcher side, and the evaporation reflux rate decreases.

In addition, spent uranium and geltonium are recovered by organic solvent extraction in the above-mentioned reprocessing Sokuburan 1 at the Uni Nuclear Facility, but the solvent used is ibutyl phosphate (
A mixed solvent of I-P) and Dokan is used.
C5, this mixed solvent is also a waste solvent from which uranium and plu1 to nium were extracted, but this waste solvent is distilled and converted to T
11 Separate into P and Dogeno J, collect and reuse. However, T F'I P and dodecane are thermally unstable and decompose at temperatures above 150° (), and T BP is 17) B
Dodecane is decomposed into many hydrocarbons such as P and M B l).

Therefore, it is desired to effectively recover these waste solvents of T''IP and dodecane without thermally decomposing them.

A distillation apparatus is used as a recovery means, and in general distillation apparatuses, hot air, steam, electric heat including an immersion heater, etc. are used as means for heating the liquid to be treated, that is, the solution. However, when a solution is heated using these heating means, the temperature of the solution changes due to heat conduction. When heating the solution, it is necessary to raise the temperature of the heat source higher than the temperature of the solution, which is undesirable because the solution will undergo thermal decomposition as described above.

On the other hand, in microwave heating [Q], the thing to be heated, that is, the solution, is the heating element, so when the solution is placed in a container, the temperature rises uniformly on the outside. Therefore, microwave heating may raise the temperature unnecessarily.
The solution can be efficiently distilled.

[Efficacy of the Invention The vacuum distillation apparatus according to the present invention has achieved V1
Microwaves are used as the heating source to heat and evaporate the buried liquid, and reflection of microwave energy can be suppressed by using a heating furnace with an inclined waveguide for transmitting microphone waves. Energy can be used effectively.

Also, since there is internal heating when heating with one wave, the outer wall of the heating furnace will not be affected by the thirst of the liquid to be treated. Imotsu C1 Material 11 If Chin 14 → It is possible to suppress it. Furthermore, it is possible to continuously supply the liquid to be treated, so there is no need for people to hang it! In addition, the heating furnace can be simplified and maintenance and inspection is easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing an example of the vacuum distillation apparatus according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the dodecane content in the solution and the dodecane content in the vapor using the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. 4-Characteristic curve diagrams, Figures 3 to 7 show the progress of microwaves in the waveguide to explain the reason for selecting the inclination angle of the heating furnace in J6 in the apparatus of Figure 1. FIG. 8 is a system diagram showing a conventional vacuum distillation apparatus. 1......Microphone 11 wave oscillator 2...
・・・・・・・・・Mysolator 3・・・・・・・・・
・・・・Power monitor 4・・・・・・・・・・・・Matching box 5・・・・・・・・・・Shikiri plate 6・・・・・・・・・・・・Heating Furnace 7......Liquid to be treated 11......Refueling [114...
......Steam outlet pipe 15...
・'l^ Retention 116・・・・・・・・・Recovery tank 17・・・・・・・・・・・・Recovery tank 18・・
・・・・・・・・・Vacuum h119・・・・・・・・・
...Vacuum pump 28...Reflux line 29...Reflux line Applicant
Co., Ltd. Ne1 Toshiba Patent Attorney Su 111 Sa - Figure 1 5sssa ○ (γO) 輌昌↓で哓4, -1'小りさ1;C;Q-

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A heating furnace that stores and heats and evaporates the liquid to be treated, a rectification column that rectifies the active ingredients evaporated in this heating furnace, a recovery tank that collects the distillate from this rectification column, and A vacuum evacuation device that maintains the heating furnace and the rectification tower at reduced pressure, a reflux line for adjusting the concentration of the liquid to be treated that has been rectified in the rectification tower, and a microcontroller provided as a heating source for the heating furnace. 1. A vacuum distillation apparatus comprising a wave heating device, characterized in that the heating furnace is inclined at an angle of approximately 30° from a horizontal plane and is formed of a microwave waveguide.