JPS6248765B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a combustion device used in water heaters, hot water boilers, and the like.

A conventional combustion device of this type is constructed as shown in FIG. That is, the fuel particles sprayed from the nozzle 1' mix with the swirling air flow jetting out from the lower part of the air jet hole 11' on the middle cylinder 10', and undergo yellow flame diffusion combustion. After that, the middle cylinder 10' due to combustion heat
As the surface temperature rises, the middle cylinder 10' and the auxiliary combustion cylinder 2
The evaporation and vaporization of the fuel particles between 2' is promoted to form a mixture with high fuel concentration, and necessary air is supplied from the upper part of the air injection hole 11' on the middle cylinder 10' to form a flame. That is, the flame is caused by the air ejection hole 1.
Move to the upper part of 1' and hold the flame. In this manner, during steady combustion, the combustion apparatus has low noise and good combustion characteristics due to the dispersed flame held in the numerous air injection holes 11' in the upper part of the middle cylinder 10'.

In FIG. 5, 2' is an electromagnetic pump for supplying fuel to the nozzle 1' via an oil pipe 3', 7' is a can body in which water to be heated is stored, and 1
3' is a motor that rotates the fan 14' and sends combustion air through the cavity 12';24' is the motor that rotates the fan 14';
This ring is located above 0' and controls the flow and pressure of combustion gas.

However, during yellow flame diffusion combustion for a certain period of time after ignition until steady blue flame combustion occurs, the combustion air flows into the middle cylinder 1.
Since only the amount of air supplied from the air outlet 11' at the lower part of 0' is insufficient, soot and carbon monoxide are generated and good combustion cannot be obtained.

In particular, with regard to the generation of soot, it accumulates on the surface of the middle cylinder 10' due to aging due to repeated on and off operations in actual use, and due to poor vaporization ability on the surface of the middle cylinder 10', the air nozzle 11' is clogged. This caused deterioration not only in the combustion characteristics for a certain period of time after ignition, but also in the combustion characteristics during steady green flame combustion.

The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, and aims to provide good combustion characteristics through yellow flame diffusion combustion for a certain period of time after ignition until steady blue flame vaporization combustion is achieved. It is something to do.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention provides a bottomed cylindrical can with a combustion chamber formed therein, and a middle cylinder that stands approximately concentrically within the can and has a large number of air injection holes in the side wall. and a pressure-spraying atomization means provided at an opening of the can body facing the lower part of the middle cylinder and jetting the fuel toward the middle cylinder, and a stabilizer giving a swirling flow to the air jetted from the opening. a primary wind cylinder that communicates with the opening, a secondary wind cylinder that communicates with the middle cylinder, and a primary damper and a secondary damper that are provided in the primary and secondary wind cylinders and that vary the amount of air to be supplied. and control means for opening the primary damper for a certain period of time from the time of ignition, closing the primary damper and opening the secondary damper after the certain period of time.

With this configuration, for a certain period of time after combustion ignition,
The secondary wind cylinder is closed by the secondary damper, and only the primary wind cylinder connected to the inside of the inner cylinder is in an open state. As a result, a sufficient amount of air passing through the inner cylinder becomes a swirling air flow due to the stabilizer and mixes with the fuel particles produced by the pressure spray on the concentric axis, thereby achieving good diffusive combustion. After a certain period of time, the primary wind cylinder is closed by the primary damper by controlling the damper motor using a timer or a temperature sensor on the surface of the middle cylinder. The secondary wind cylinder is opened by the secondary damper. The supply of combustion air changes from being supplied into the inner cylinder to being supplied to the middle cylinder, which has a large number of air injection holes in its side wall. At this time, the fuel particles are vaporized by the radiant heat from the flame and the surface of the middle cylinder, and form a fuel-rich mixture with the air flowing out from the air outlet at the bottom of the middle cylinder. Then, air is supplied from the numerous air nozzles at the top of the middle cylinder, which is in the combustible area, to stabilize the flame in each air nozzle. Blue flame vaporization combustion with low noise and good combustion characteristics can be performed using such dispersed flames.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Reference numeral 1 designates a nozzle as an atomizing means, and fuel oil sent from an oil tank (not shown) is sprayed from the tip of the nozzle 1 through an electromagnetic pump 2 and an oil feed pipe 3. 4 is nozzle 1 and oil pipe 3
An inner cylinder incorporating an ignition device 5 and a stabilizer 6 is provided so that the tip of the nozzle 1 and the tip of the ignition device 5 face a combustion chamber 9 through a lower opening 8 of a can body 7. Reference numeral 10 denotes a middle cylinder erected at the center of the bottom of the combustion chamber 9, and a large number of air injection holes 11 are provided around the peripheral wall of the middle cylinder 10. 12 is a fan case, 13 is a motor attached to the fan case 12, and 14 is a fan attached to the motor. The wind barrel 16 inside the fan case 12 is connected to the inner barrel 4.
The wind cylinder is divided by a wind cylinder partition plate 15 into a primary wind cylinder 17 connected to the middle cylinder 10 and a secondary wind cylinder 18 connected to the middle cylinder 10. The primary wind cylinder 17 and the secondary wind cylinder 1
8, a primary damper 19 and a secondary damper 20 for controlling the inflow of combustion air are coaxially attached to a damper motor 21 (also referred to as control means). Reference numeral 22 denotes a cylindrical auxiliary combustion cylinder provided around the outer periphery of the middle cylinder 10 at a position that does not contact the can body 7, and provided with an opening 23 large enough to prevent the fuel particles ejected from the nozzle 1 from colliding with each other. It stands upright from the bottom of the can body 7 at a position lower than the middle cylinder 10. 24 is a ring that controls the flow and pressure of combustion gas within the combustion chamber 9.

The operation of the embodiment is shown below. The pressurized fuel sucked up from the oil tank by the electromagnetic pump 2 is directed from the nozzle 1 through the oil pipe 3 to the middle cylinder 10 in the combustion chamber 9 via the opening 23 of the auxiliary combustion cylinder 22. It is then sprayed.

On the other hand, combustion air is sent from the fan 14 by the drive of the motor 13, and is sent to the wind cylinder partition plate 15 in the wind cylinder 16.
and passes through the primary wind cylinder 17 or the secondary wind cylinder 18. A damper motor 21 that is electrically interlocked by a timer or a temperature detector on the surface of the middle cylinder 10.
The primary dampers 19 and 2 in each wind cylinder 17 and 18 are
The opening degree of the secondary damper 20 is changed to control the amount of air passing through each wind cylinder.

That is, for a certain period of time after ignition combustion, the secondary wind cylinder 18 is closed by the secondary damper 20, and the combustion air passes through the primary wind cylinder 17 with the primary damper 19 open, and enters the inner cylinder 4. Inflow. Then, it flows out into the combustion chamber 9 via the stabilizer 6 in the inner cylinder 4. At this time, the combustion air forms a swirling airflow by the stabilizer 6, and while performing diffusion mixing with the fuel particles sprayed from the nozzle 1 at an appropriate mixing ratio, the flame is held near the stabilizer 6, resulting in good combustion characteristics. Performs diffusive combustion with . After a certain period of time has elapsed during this diffusion combustion, the primary damper 19 is closed and the secondary damper 20 is opened. At this time, combustion chamber 9
The central cylinder 10 is heated by the combustion flame and reaches a temperature at which the atomized fuel can be vaporized. The combustion air is supplied to a middle cylinder 1 having a large number of air injection holes 11 on the side wall.
0, and the diffusion combustion that was flame-holding near the stabilizer 6 ends. The fuel particles being sprayed from the nozzle 1 turn into vaporized gas due to the radiant heat from the surface of the middle cylinder 10 or from the flame, and the air swirls and flows out from the air jet hole 11 at the bottom of the middle cylinder 10 and the middle cylinder 1.
Mixing is promoted within the auxiliary combustion cylinder 22 to form a fuel-rich mixture. Then, the combustion chamber 9 rises while turning around the middle cylinder 10, reaches the combustible region with air supplied from the air jet holes 11 at the upper part of the middle cylinder 10, and is flame-stabilized in each air jet hole 11. This dispersed flame enables blue flame vaporization combustion with low noise and good combustion characteristics.

In addition, in order to smoothly transition from initial diffusion combustion to blue flame vaporization combustion by damper switching, the fourth
It has been experimentally confirmed that if the damper switching time is set to about 1 to 2 seconds as shown in the figure, it is possible to switch the damper while maintaining good combustion characteristics.

In this way, the present invention achieves a good combustion system that does not generate soot or carbon monoxide through diffusion combustion, in which the atomized particles from the spray nozzle and the air from the stabilizer are appropriately mixed with the air from the stabilizer for a certain period of time after ignition, and the flame is held in the vicinity of the stabilizer. Initial combustion characteristics are obtained. In addition, by switching the combustion air supply system, smooth transition of combustion from initial diffusion combustion to steady blue flame vaporization combustion is possible, and good steady combustion can be obtained, as well as noise reduction due to the dispersed flame.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of a combustion device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the main part, Fig. 3 is a plan sectional view of the main part, and Fig. 4 shows the transition from diffusion combustion to vaporization combustion. A characteristic diagram showing changes in air volume at the time of switching, and FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a conventional example. 1... Nozzle, 4... Inner cylinder, 6... Stabilizer, 7... Can body, 8... Opening, 9... Combustion chamber,
10...middle cylinder, 11...air jet hole, 17...1
Secondary wind cylinder, 18... Secondary wind cylinder, 19... Primary damper, 20... Secondary damper.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A bottomed cylindrical can body with a combustion chamber formed inside;
A middle cylinder is installed in the can body in a substantially concentric manner and has a large number of air injection holes on the side wall, and an opening of the can body is provided opposite to the bottom of the middle cylinder, and the fuel is directed toward the middle cylinder. a pressure-spray type atomization means for ejecting air, a stabilizer that gives a swirling flow to the air ejected from the opening, a primary wind cylinder communicating with the opening, a secondary wind cylinder communicating with the middle cylinder, the primary and A primary damper and a secondary damper provided in a secondary wind cylinder to vary the amount of air to be supplied, the primary damper being opened and the secondary damper being closed for a certain period of time from the time of ignition,
and control means for closing the primary damper and opening the secondary damper after the certain period of time.