JP2851013B2 - Gun type burner - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gun-type burner, and more particularly to a gun-type burner that controls a combustion amount by adjusting an amount of fuel injected from a fixed nozzle.

[Related Art] A nozzle is disposed in a gun type burner used in a grain drying apparatus or the like, and fuel is injected from the nozzle and air is supplied to the injected fuel to burn it.

When the combustion amount of the gun type burner is changed, that is, when the combustion amount is adjusted in the range from the large combustion state to the small combustion state, a plurality (for example, 2
) Are opened and closed appropriately to change the fuel supply amount (injection amount). Gun type burners to which this type of control method is applied have the advantage that the mechanism is simple.

However, in such a conventional gun type burner, the nozzle diameter cannot be changed in accordance with the fuel supply amount (injection amount), so that the optimum combustion state is set in all of the large combustion state to the small combustion state. It was difficult.

That is, for example, when the diameter of the nozzle is set corresponding to a large combustion state, when the fuel is large, that is, when the fuel supply amount is large, the injected fuel becomes fine particles and is easily atomized, and is agitated by the frame holder. However, in the case of small combustion, that is, when the fuel supply amount is small, the nozzle diameter becomes relatively large as compared with the injected fuel amount, so that the injection pressure becomes weak. The fuel particles are coarse and difficult to atomize, and are not sufficiently mixed with the air agitated by the frame holder. Therefore, in this case, incomplete combustion is apt to occur, and a part of the injected fuel drips from the nozzle to the draft tube and scatters with the supplied air, thereby contaminating the burner body, adhering carbon, There were problems such as causing odor. Further, these fuels that are dropped and do not burn are disadvantageous in terms of energy saving.

On the other hand, when the nozzle diameter is set so that the fuel spray state is optimal during small combustion, the nozzle diameter is relatively smaller than the injected fuel amount during large combustion, that is, when the fuel supply amount is large. As a result, the injection pressure is weakened to cause a large combustion noise, or the fuel injection amount does not become a necessary amount at the time of the large combustion, so that a sufficient large combustion state cannot be achieved.

As described above, in the conventional gun type burner having a single nozzle, both the large combustion state and the small combustion state cannot be set to the optimum combustion state.

Therefore, two nozzles for combustion injection are integrally arranged,
A gun type burner is known in which the fuel pressure injected from each nozzle is sufficiently high, and fuel is injected from both nozzles during large combustion, and fuel is injected only from one nozzle during small fuel. . In this type of gun-type burner, the injected fuel becomes finer and more easily atomized even during small combustion, and a good fuel spray state can be maintained during either large combustion or small combustion. it can.

However, in such a gun type burner in which only two nozzles are arranged, in the case of small combustion, that is, when fuel is injected from only one nozzle and burned, the flame from one nozzle is transmitted from the other nozzle side. It has the disadvantage that it does not create a straight flame along the axis of the nozzle, being fanned by the supplied air. So in this case,
Stable thermal power cannot be obtained.

On the other hand, at the time of large combustion, that is, when fuel is injected from both nozzles and burned, the injection pattern (flame) of the injected fuel is naturally flat. Therefore, it is necessary to make the frame holder for stirring the air and mixing with the fuel to promote complete combustion into an elliptical shape in a front view according to the shape of the injection pattern. However, in the elliptical frame holder, the supplied air cannot be uniformly stirred around the axis of the nozzle, and the injected fuel is sufficiently mixed with the air despite the good atomization state of the injected fuel. It is difficult to promote complete combustion, and a stable flame cannot be maintained. In addition, the required air (oxygen) amount is insufficient in the part where the upper and lower flames polymerize,
This tends to result in incomplete combustion.

As described above, even in the conventional gun type burner having two nozzles, it was not possible to set both the large combustion state and the small combustion state to the optimum combustion state.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In view of the above facts, the present invention stably converts from a large combustion state to a small combustion state without impairing atomization of the injected fuel and mixing with the supplied air. An object of the present invention is to provide a gun-type burner which can be completely burned, does not cause carbon to adhere thereto or generate an odor, and can realize this with a simple structure.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A gun-type burner according to the invention according to claim (1) is a gun-type burner that injects fuel from a nozzle, feeds air, and burns together with the injected fuel. A pair of nozzles are provided in the vertical direction on the downstream side of the air supply direction, and a pair of nozzles set to be smaller than those of the ones located below but having a diameter of an upper part, and arranged outside the pair of nozzles. Each of the nozzles is independently coated and separated from each other, and the cylindrical draft tube for independently guiding the supplied air and the nozzle located below the nozzle are arranged and sprayed. And ignition means for igniting the fuel.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a gun-type burner including a pair of nozzles independent of each other and a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the pair of nozzles. A first on-off valve arranged in parallel with the one nozzle in a fuel supply path between the nozzle and the fuel pump, and capable of changing a fuel supply amount to the one nozzle; A second on-off valve that is arranged in series with the other nozzle in a fuel supply path between the other nozzle and the fuel pump, and that can supply and stop fuel to the other nozzle. It is characterized by.

[Operation] In the gun type burner according to claim (1), fuel is injected from both of the pair of nozzles during large combustion, and fuel is injected only from one nozzle during small combustion. Therefore, in either small combustion, that is, when fuel is injected from one nozzle, or when large fuel, that is, when fuel is injected from both nozzles, sufficient atomization is performed without changing the nozzle diameter. A stable fuel spray state can be achieved.

Further, since each nozzle is covered with a cylindrical draft tube and the supplied air is independently guided and supplied by the draft tube, the injected fuel (flame) pattern may be flat. In addition, the injected fuel and air can be sufficiently mixed.

Therefore, a stable flame can be maintained from the large combustion state to the small combustion state, in combination with the good atomization state of the injected fuel. In addition, even during large combustion, a sufficient large combustion state can be achieved without a shortage of fuel injection amount.

Further, in this gun type burner, the fuel injected from the nozzle located below is directly ignited by the ignition means. On the other hand, when igniting the fuel injected from the nozzle located above, it is ignited by the flame from the nozzle located below.

As described above, since the pair of nozzles can be ignited by a single ignition means, the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the arrangement space can be reduced.

Further, in this gun-type burner, the fuel injected from the nozzle located below, that is, the small-diameter nozzle is ignited, so that noise at the time of ignition is reduced and quietness is improved.

In the gun type burner according to claim (2), when the first on-off valve is in the open state, a part of the fuel supplied from the fuel pump is returned (bypassed) through the first on-off valve, The amount of fuel delivered to one nozzle is reduced. On the other hand, when the second on-off valve is in the open state, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump is shut off by the second on-off valve and is not supplied to the other nozzle.

Therefore, the open state and the closed state of the first on-off valve,
By combining the open state and the closed state of the second on-off valve with each other, a simple structure without using an expensive control device or a variable nozzle, and a four-stage combustion from a large combustion state to a small combustion state. The amount can be controlled.

FIG. 1 shows a gun type burner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Is shown in a partially broken side view.

The body 12 of the gun type burner 10 incorporates a fan (not shown), and a damper 14 is disposed in an air intake 13 on a side of the body 12. This damper 14 is of a fixed type. When the fan rotates, a predetermined amount of air set by the damper 14 is provided on the front side of the body 12 (first
(Left direction in the figure).

A hollow holding body 16 is attached to a front end of the body 12, and a pair of nozzles 18 and nozzles 20 are provided on the holding body 16 so as to protrude in the opposite direction to the body 12 and are provided side by side in the vertical direction. . The lower nozzle 18 of the nozzles 18 and 20
Is a small-diameter nozzle with a nominal diameter of 0.4, while the nozzle 20 located above is a large-diameter nozzle with a nominal diameter of 0.75. That is, the diameter of the nozzle 18 located below is smaller than the diameter of the nozzle 20 located above.

The nozzles 18 and 20 are connected to a fuel pump 26 by fuel pipes 22 and 24, respectively. The fuel pump 26 is an electromagnetic pump of a two-stage pressure switching type (for example, switching between 7 kg / cm ² and 20 kg / cm ² ), and further includes an on-off valve 28 as a first on-off valve. The on-off valve 28 is
As shown in the figure, the fuel supply passage between the nozzle 18 and the fuel pump 26 is arranged in parallel with the nozzle 18. For this reason,
When the on-off valve 28 is open, part of the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is bypassed through the on-off valve 18 and
Returning to 30, the amount of fuel delivered to the nozzle 18 is reduced.

On the other hand, an on-off valve 32 as a second on-off valve is arranged in series with the nozzle 20 in a fuel supply path between the nozzle 20 and the fuel pump 26. When the on-off valve 32 is closed, the fuel pump
The fuel supplied from 26 is shut off by the on-off valve 32 and is not supplied to the nozzle 20.

Therefore, by combining the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 28 with the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 32, respectively, the fuel injection mode of the nozzles 18 and 20 can be changed to four.
It is a configuration that can be changed to stages.

A pair of draft tubes 34 and 36 as isolation means are attached to the outside of the nozzles 18 and 20, respectively. Draft tubes 34, 36
Are formed in a cylindrical shape with the same diameter, and each nozzle 1
8, 20 are coated independently. For this reason, the air supplied by the fan and flowing into the holding body 16 is guided independently by the draft tube 34 and the draft tube 36 so that the air is supplied toward the tip end, that is, toward the nozzle 18 and the nozzle 20. Has become. In addition,
The diameter of the draft tubes 34, 36 is set in accordance with the maximum combustion amount of the upper nozzle 20 (air supply amount at the time of maximum combustion).

An air adjusting plate 38 as air adjusting means is disposed at an air supply port (a portion connected to the holding body 16) of the draft tube 34 located below. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the air adjusting plate 38 is a plate material having an opening 40 formed at a substantially central portion thereof. The air adjusting plate 38 regulates the flow of air guided by the draft tube 34 and supplied to the nozzle 18, thereby adjusting the flow rate. It has a role to do. Therefore, even with the draft tube 34 whose diameter is set corresponding to the upper nozzle 20, it is possible to supply an optimal amount of air according to the nozzle 18.

Note that the opening of the air adjustment plate 38 may be a circular opening 41 that is formed slightly deviated upward from the air adjustment plate 38 as shown in FIG. 3 (B). Further, the air adjusting plate 38 may be arranged at the air supply port of the upper draft tube 36. In this case, more optimal air rectification and flow rate adjustment can be performed.

A frame holder 42 is attached to the tip of the draft tube 34 in front of the nozzle 18. Frame holder 42
Is a substantially frustoconical cylindrical member with a small-diameter opening of 18 nozzles.
, And the large-diameter opening is disposed so as to face the tip opening of the draft tube 34. A through hole 44 for supplying air for combustion is formed in a peripheral wall of the frame holder 42,
The air fed from the holder 16 to the draft tube 34 is agitated and mixed with the fuel injected from the nozzle 18.

Further, a frame holder 46 is similarly attached to the tip of the draft tube 36 in front of the nozzle 20, and the air sent from the holder 16 to the draft tube 36 is agitated and injected from the nozzle 20. Mixed with the fuel.

An ignition rod 48 as ignition means is mounted directly above the nozzle 18 located below, and the ignition rod 48 is connected to an ignition transformer 50. The ignition rod 50 is capable of igniting the fuel injected in the discharge ignition section by the high voltage.

Furnace bodies 52 are attached to the tips of the draft tubes 34 and 36. The furnace body 52 has a substantially cylindrical shape and has a flame port 54 formed at an upper portion thereof. After the fuel (flame) injected from the nozzles 18 and 20 and burned is completely burned in the furnace body 52, the flame hole is formed. High-temperature combustion gas is ejected from 54.

 Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

In the gun type burner 10, by combining the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 28 and the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 32, respectively, a simple structure can be achieved without using an expensive control device or a variable nozzle. Four stages of combustion amount control can be performed from the large combustion state to the small combustion state.

That is, when the small combustion state is set, the on-off valve 28 is opened and the on-off valve 32 is closed. Further, when the gun type burner 10 is operated by operating the operation button,
By the drive of the fan, air starts to be supplied to the nozzles 18 and 20 via the draft tube 34 and the draft tube 36, and the ignition transformer 50 operates to start discharging the ignition rod 48. Further, after the elapse of the set time, the fuel pump 26 operates to start supplying fuel at a predetermined low pressure (7 kg / cm ² ).

The fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 has the opening / closing valve 28 in an open state, so that a part of the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is bypassed through the opening / closing valve 28 and the fuel tank 30
And a small amount of fuel is fed to the nozzle 18 and injected. Further, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is not supplied to the nozzle 20 and is not injected because the on-off valve 32 is in the closed state. The fuel injected from the nozzle 18 is mixed with the air stirred by the through hole 44 of the frame holder 42, enters an ignition system, and is ignited by the ignition rod 48.

After the ignition, the discharge by the ignition rod 48 is stopped, and the fuel injection from the nozzle 18 and the air supply from the fan 14 are continuously performed in preparation for the next ignition. The flame of the fuel injected from the nozzle 18 is blown out from the tip of the draft tube 34, and the flame is completely burned in the furnace body 52. Further, the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion is blown out of the furnace body 52 from the flame outlet 54. As a result, the gun type burner 10 enters a small combustion state in which a small amount of fuel is injected only from the nozzle 18 and burns (the state shown in FIG. 4A).

In this case, the fuel atomized from the nozzle 18 has a good atomization state, is sufficiently mixed with air, and is completely burned in the furnace body 52 to improve the combustion efficiency. No carbon adheres to the vicinity of the mouth 54, and the generation of off-flavors is reduced.

In this small combustion state, the combustion amount of the gun type burner 10 is, for example, 1.2 / h.

On the other hand, when the medium combustion state is set, the on-off valve 28 is closed and the on-off valve 32 is closed. Further, the fuel is supplied at a predetermined high pressure (20 kg / cm ² ) by the operation of the fuel pump 26. As a result, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is supplied to the fuel pump 26 because the on-off valve 28 is closed.
All of the fuel supplied from is supplied to the nozzle 18 and a large amount of fuel is injected. Further, since the on-off valve 32 is also in the closed state, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is not supplied to the nozzle 20 and is not injected. Therefore, the gun type burner 10 is in a medium combustion state in which a large amount of fuel is injected only from the nozzle 18 and burns (the state shown in FIG. 4A). In this medium combustion state, the combustion amount of the gun type burner 10 is, for example, 2.0 / h.

When the combustion state is set to be large, the on-off valve 28 is opened and the on-off valve 32 is opened. Further, the fuel is supplied at a predetermined low pressure (7 kg / cm ² ) by operating the fuel pump 26.

The fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 has the opening / closing valve 28 in an open state, so that a part of the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is bypassed through the opening / closing valve 28 and the fuel tank 30
And a small amount of fuel is fed to the nozzle 18 and injected. Further, since the on-off valve 32 is also in the open state, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is also supplied to the nozzle 20 and injected. That is, fuel is injected from both the pair of upper and lower nozzles 18 and 20. Here, when the lower nozzle 18 is ignited, the fuel injected from the nozzle 20 located above is ignited by the flame from the lower nozzle 18.
Thus, the gun type burner 10 is brought into a large combustion state in which a small amount of fuel is injected from the nozzle 18 and a large amount of fuel is injected from the nozzle 20 to burn (the state shown in FIG. 4C). In this large combustion state, the gun type burner
The combustion amount of 10 is, for example, 3.7 / h.

On the other hand, at the time of the maximum combustion state, the on-off valve 28 is closed and the on-off valve 32 is opened. Further, the fuel is pumped to a predetermined high pressure (20 kg / cm ² ) by operating the fuel pump 26.
Supply by As a result, since the on-off valve 28 is closed, all fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26
It is fed to 18 and a large amount of fuel is injected. Also, on-off valve
Since the valve 32 is in the open state, the fuel supplied from the fuel pump 26 is also supplied to the nozzle 20 and injected. That is, also in this case, a large amount of fuel is injected from both the pair of upper and lower nozzles 18 and 20 and burned. As a result, the gun type burner 10 is in the maximum combustion state (the state shown in FIG. 4D). In this maximum combustion state, the combustion amount of the gun type burner 10 is, for example, 5.9 / h.

By operating the on-off valve 28 and the on-off valve 32 in this manner, fuel is injected from both the pair of nozzles 18 and 20 during large combustion and maximum combustion, and the lower nozzle 18 during minimum combustion and medium combustion. Only the fuel is injected from. Therefore, regardless of the combustion state of the gun type burner 10 (during small combustion or large combustion), each nozzle 18, 20
Can be sufficiently atomized and made into a stable fuel spray state without changing their diameters. The nozzles 18 and 20 are covered with draft tubes 34 and 36, respectively.
Since the fuel is fed and guided independently by 4 and 36, the injected fuel (flame) pattern does not become flat, and the injected fuel and the air can be sufficiently mixed.

Therefore, a stable flame can be maintained from the large combustion state to the small combustion state, in combination with the good atomization state of the injected fuel. In addition, even during large combustion, a sufficient large combustion state can be achieved without a shortage of fuel injection amount.

Further, since the combustion state of the gun-type burner 10 is changed by appropriately combining the fuel injection states of the pair of nozzles 18 and 20, the combustion width (compared to the conventional gun-type burner having a single nozzle is reduced. The ratio of the combustion amount between the small combustion state and the maximum combustion state) is large. Here, FIG. 5 shows a comparison diagram of the combustion width. As is evident in this figure,
A conventional gun-type burner having a single nozzle has a combustion width of approximately 1.7, and a so-called linear burner that continuously limits the combustion amount by changing the nozzle diameter or the like has a combustion width of approximately 3.66. On the other hand, in the present gun type burner 10, the combustion width is approximately 4.5. Therefore, the setting range of the thermal power according to the request, that is, the application range of the gun type burner 10 is expanded.

In the gun type burner 10, the air supply plate of the draft tube 34 located below is provided with the air adjustment plate 38, so that the air supplied to the nozzle 18 is rectified and the flow rate is adjusted. You. Therefore, the injected fuel and air can be sufficiently mixed irrespective of small combustion or large combustion, and a stable flame can be maintained from a large combustion state to a small combustion state. In addition, by adjusting the air flow rate with the air adjusting plate 38, the nozzle 18
The air supply amount can be set to an optimum value according to the diameter of the fuel cell, and the fuel can be completely burned.

Further, in the gun type burner 10, the pair of nozzles 18 and 20 can be ignited by one ignition rod 48 arranged just above the nozzle 18 located below, so that the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the arrangement is simplified. The space is small and good. In this case, the ignition rod 48 is located at the lower nozzle
Since the fuel injected from the small-diameter nozzle 18 is ignited, noise at the time of ignition is reduced and quietness is improved. Here, FIG. 6 shows a comparison diagram of noise values. As is clear from this figure, the noise is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional gun type burner or linear burner having a single nozzle.

Further, in the gun type burner 10, by combining the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 28 and the open state and the closed state of the on-off valve 32, respectively, a four-stage combustion from a large combustion state to a small combustion state is performed. Since the amount can be controlled, it is not necessary to use an expensive control device or a variable nozzle, the structure is simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

[Effect of the Invention] In the gun type burner according to claim (1), it is possible to obtain a sufficiently atomized and stable fuel spray state with a simple structure without changing the nozzle diameter, and to perform the injection. The fuel and air thus mixed can be sufficiently mixed, whereby stable combustion can be performed from a large combustion state to a small combustion state, and a stable flame can be maintained. This also prevents carbon from adhering or generating odor.

Further, since the pair of nozzles can be ignited by a single ignition means, the number of parts is reduced, the structure is simplified, and the arrangement space can be reduced.

Furthermore, since fuel injected from a nozzle located below, that is, a small-diameter nozzle is ignited, noise at the time of ignition is reduced, and quietness is improved.

In the gun type burner according to the present invention, the open state and the closed state of the first on-off valve are combined with the open state and the closed state of the second on-off valve, respectively, so that an expensive control device and a variable nozzle are used. It is possible to control the combustion amount in four stages from a large combustion state to a small combustion state with a simple structure without using a fuel cell.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view showing an embodiment of a gun type burner according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a combustion system diagram of a gun type burner showing a connection state of an on-off valve, and FIG. FIG. 3 (B) is a front view showing another example of the air adjusting plate, and FIGS. 4 (A) to 4 (D) are views showing a combustion state of the gun type burner. Schematic diagram corresponding to 5
Fig. 6 is a diagram comparing the combustion widths of the gun type burner according to the present invention and the conventional gun type burner, and Fig. 6 is a diagram comparing the noise values of the gun type burner according to the present invention and the conventional gun type burner. is there. 10 ... Gun type burner, 18 ... Nozzle, 20 ... Nozzle, 26 ... Fuel pump, 28 ... On / off valve (first on / off valve), 32 ... On / off valve (second on / off valve), 34 , 36: draft tube (isolation means), 38: air adjustment plate (air adjustment means), 48: ignition rod (ignition means).

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 58-71516 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 63-142521 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 53-109835 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 59- 144325 (JP, U) Jikyo Hei 2-27320 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F23D 11/24-11/30

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A gun-type burner for injecting fuel from a nozzle, supplying air, and burning the injected fuel together with the injected fuel. A pair of nozzles whose diameters are set to be smaller than those of the nozzles located above, and are disposed outside the pair of nozzles, cover the respective nozzles independently and isolate each other, and the feeding is performed. A cylindrical draft tube for independently guiding each of the air flowing therethrough, and ignition means for igniting the injected fuel, the ignition means being arranged corresponding to the nozzle located below. Gun type burner. 2. A gun type burner comprising: a pair of nozzles independent of each other; and a fuel pump for supplying fuel to the pair of nozzles, wherein a gun is provided between one of the pair of nozzles and the fuel pump. A first on-off valve arranged in parallel with the one nozzle in the fuel supply path and capable of changing a fuel supply amount to one nozzle; and the other nozzle and the fuel pump of the pair of nozzles The second nozzle is disposed in series with the other nozzle in the fuel supply path between the second nozzle and the second nozzle capable of supplying and stopping fuel to the other nozzle.
A gun-type burner comprising: an on-off valve;