JPS6245867A - Crushing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing concrete structures and the like by opening and closing operations of an arm, and more particularly to a crushing device that automates the crushing operation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This type of crushing device typically has the following characteristics, as shown in FIG.
A pair of arms 1, 1 are attached to a side plate 2 via a shaft 3.3 so as to be openable and closable, and the side plate 2 is attached via a rotating plate 5 to a bracket 4 attached to the tip of a boom of a power shovel or the like.
Each arm 1.1 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 6 fixed to the side plate 2 and the tip of a piston rod. Conventional crushing equipment is equipped with a manual switching valve (not shown) that switches the direction of hydraulic oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder 6. When crushing concrete structures, etc., the operator moves a power shovel or the like to supply parts of the structure to be crushed. The arm 1.1 is opened and closed by manually operating the operating lever and switching the direction of hydraulic oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder 6 using the manual switching valve that responds to the lever. crushing blade ia, 1a
The part of the structure to be crushed is crushed under pressure.

As described above, the crushing work using the conventional crushing apparatus was complicated, as the operator manually opened and closed the arm 1.1 while checking the crushing situation visually.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing device that can automate the crushing operation, reduce operator fatigue, and perform reliable crushing work.

Means for Solving the Problems The crushing device of the present invention connects a pair of arms provided with crushing blades with an opening/closing drive device operated by pressurized fluid, and the device is operated to open or close by the opening/closing drive device. A crushing device that drives the arm to open and close by selectively supplying pressurized fluid in a direction via a manual switching means, a locking means for locking the manual switching means to either open or close the arm; an automatic switching means for controlling the supply direction of pressurized fluid to the opening/closing drive device in series with the manual switching means; a driving means for driving the automatic switching means; and pressurization in the arm closing operation direction of the opening/closing drive device. A closing side pressure detector for detecting fluid supply and a position detecting means for detecting an arm open position, the driving means driving the automatic switching means to the arm closing side in response to an automatic crushing command, When the pressure detector detects the set pressure, the automatic switching means is switched to the arm closing side, and when the position detector detects the set position of 1 m, the fluid supply is stopped.

Operation Concrete 1 - When the operator issues an automatic crushing command with the arm facing the part to be crushed such as a structure, the automatic switching means is activated by the driving means, and the pressurized fluid is opened and closed via the automatic switching means. The device is supplied to the drive device in the direction of closing the device, and the pair of arms performs the closing operation. The part to be crushed is compressed by the crushing blade of the arm and subjected to a crushing action. When the closing side pressure detector detects that the closing side supply pressure has reached a predetermined pressure, the driving means uses an automatic switching means to perform a switching operation, and as a result, the fluid supply direction changes from the arm closing direction to the arm opening direction. Switch to After that, when the position detector detects that the arm opening has reached a predetermined value, the drive means drives the automatic switching means to stop the fluid supply and keep the arm open for automatic crushing. end.

Example Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a main part of a control section of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is attached to the basic configuration shown in FIG. 2 to constitute the crushing device. In FIG. 1, 6 is a hydraulic cylinder as the opening/closing drive device shown in FIG. The second cylinder chambers 6a and 6b are selected as the hydraulic pump 13 through automatic switching valves 11 each consisting of a 4-bow 1-3 position switching valve and a manual switching valve 12 that can be switched by the operator's operation of a manual lever, foot pedal, etc. As the internal volume of each cylinder chamber 5a, 3b expands, the piston rod 6C moves forward and backward, and the arms 1, 1 close and open. 2nd cylinder total 68.6
b is the outlet boat 11a, 1l of the automatic switching valve 11
b via fF14, 15, automatic switching valve 11
The inlet ports 11c and 11d of the manual switching valve 12 are connected to the outlet boats 12a and 12b, the inlet port 12C of the manual switching valve 12 is connected to the tank T, and the port 12d is connected to the pump 13.
It is connected to the. When the automatic switching valve 11 takes both the electromagnetic solenoids 11e and 11r to a neutral position (center in the figure), the inlet boats 11C and 11c communicate with each other, and when the electromagnetic solenoid 11e is energized, the inlet boats 11C and 11c communicate with each other. It takes an open position pointing to the right side, and the boats 11a and 11c communicate with each other, as well as the boats 11b and 11d.On the other hand, when the electromagnetic solenoid 11[ is energized, it switches to the closed position shown on the left side of the figure, and the port 11a and 11d communicate with each other, and boats 11b and 110 communicate with each other. The manual switching valve 12 is not an electromagnetic type but a manual operation lever 1.
The structure is similar to that of the automatic switching valve 11 except for the point where the communication state of the port is switched by 2e. In addition, manual switching valve 1
2 is a pump 13 and an automatic switching valve 11 during automatic crushing, which will be described later.
In order to maintain communication with the inlet side of the valve, it is lockable in the open position shown on the right side of the figure.

Pressure switches 16.17 as pressure detectors are connected to the connecting pipes 14.15 via branch pipes 18 and 19, and each switch 16.17 is set to the hydraulic oil supply pressure via the pipes 14.15. When a value of, for example, 250 kg/cm' is reached, the switching position shown in the figure is switched to the other switching position, and the detection result is output.

Next, a control circuit as a driving means for switching and driving the automatic switching valve 11 will be explained. The control circuit includes flip-flop circuits 21.22 and each flip-flop circuit 21.22.
Each electromagnetic solenoid 11e, 11 of the automatic switching valve 11 is connected to the set output terminal of the switch and has a high set output.
Solenoid drive circuits 23 and 24 that excite f.

The set input terminal S of the flip-flop circuit 22 is connected to the DC power source →-E via the push button switch 30 for issuing an automatic crushing command, and the reset input terminal R is connected to the detection output terminal of the pressure switch 16. . On the other hand, an AND circuit 2 is connected to the input terminal S of the flip-flop circuit 21.
5 is connected, and the reset input terminal R is connected to the pressure switch 17. The AND' circuit 25 connects the reset output of the flip-flop [J-tub circuit 41 and the pressure switch 1], which is reset by the suppression operation of the pushbutton switch 30.
6 output is input.

40 is a pushbutton switch for issuing a manual crushing command, which applies an input to the flip-flop circuit 41 to the cellar 1 during suppression, and outputs an input to the solenoid 11 via the solenoid drive circuit 23.
It is designed to excite e. a3, the flip knob circuit 41 is reset when the push button switch 30 is depressed.

Next, the operation of the crushing device constructed as described above will be explained with reference to FIG. First, like the conventional device, when performing manual crushing work, the pushbutton switch 40 is pressed to set the flip-flop circuit 41 and the solenoid 118 is energized via the solenoid drive circuit 23.

As a result, the automatic switching valve 11 switches to the open position shown on the right side of the figure, and the ports 1-11a and 11C and ports 1-11b
,! =11d is in communication, so the fluid circuit configuration is the same as the conventional one that does not include the infant switching valve 11,
Manual crushing work similar to the conventional method is now possible. That is, if the manual switching valve 12 is switched to the open position on the right side in the figure by operating the lever 12e, the passage 12j formed in the switching valve 12 opens.
and the second cylinder chamber 6 through the passage 11j of the switching valve 11.
Hydraulic oil as pressurized fluid is supplied to b, the second cylinder palm 6b expands and the piston rod 6C retreats, and the hydraulic oil in the first cylinder constriction 6a flows through the passage 111 of the switching valve 11 and the switching valve 12. It returns to the tank T via the passage 121 and the arm 1.1 closes. Further, when the lever 12e is operated to close, the switching valve 12 is switched to the open position on the left side in the figure, and the hydraulic oil flows in the opposite direction. That is, the hydraulic oil from the pump 13 is supplied to the first cylinder "I6" via the passages 12h and 11i.
a, the piston rod 6C moves forward, and the hydraulic oil in the second cylinder chamber 6b returns to the pump 13 via the passages 11j and 12g, and the arm 1.1 closes. Furthermore, when the lever 12e is shifted to neutral, the hydraulic oil from the pump 13 immediately returns to the tank T via the pipe line 12k, so the supply of hydraulic oil to the cylinder is stopped and the arms 1, 1 become inactive. .

Next, when performing automatic crushing work, the operator first places the arm 1.1 facing the part to be crushed of the structure, and then uses the manual operation described above to open the arm 1.1 and open the crushing blades 1a and 1 of the arm. A part to be crushed is interposed in between. Next, the lever 12e of the manual switching valve 12 is locked in the open position shown on the right side in FIG. 1 to maintain communication between the inlet and outlet of the valve, and the push button switch 30 is pressed to issue an automatic crushing command. When this occurs, the flip-flop circuit 41 is reset, the solenoid drive circuit 23 de-energizes the solenoid 11e, the manual crushing command disappears, and the gate of the AND circuit 25 opens. On the other hand, the flip-flop circuit 22 is set and the solenoid 11 is connected via the solenoid drive circuit 24.
is excited, and the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to the closed position shown on the left side in FIG. , Bis]・Nrod 6C is #J 1ffi L
/Second cylinder? Hydraulic oil in 6b flows through passages 11g and 12
When it returns to the pump 13 via i, the arms 1, 1 are closed, and the crushing portion is crushed by the crushing blades 1a, 1a of the arms. Then, the pressure switch 16 monitors the closing side, that is, the hydraulic oil pressure supplied to the first cylinder chamber 6a during the crushing, and the supply pressure reaches the set value, for example, 250 k(+/CIl+
2, the contact position switches.

The flip-flop circuit 22 is reset by the output of the pressure switch 16 accompanying this switching operation, and the flip-flop circuit 21 is reset by the output of the AND gate 25.
As a result, the solenoid 11f is demagnetized and the solenoid 11e is energized, so the automatic switching valve 11 is switched from the closed position to the open position, and the direction of hydraulic fluid supply from the pump 13 is changed to the opposite direction, so that the hydraulic oil is supplied from the pump 13 to the passage 12j, Hydraulic oil is supplied to the second cylinder chamber 6b via 11j, while hydraulic oil in the first cylinder chamber 6a returns to tank T via passages 12i and 111, piston rod l'6c returns, and arms 1, 1, the crushing blades 1a and ia are separated from the portion to be crushed. After that, when the hydraulic oil supply pressure to the open side cylinder 6b reaches a predetermined pressure and the arm 1.1 expands beyond a predetermined expansion angle, this is detected by the pressure switch 17, and the output of the pressure switch 17 causes the flip-flop circuit to open. 21
The solenoid 11e is demagnetized and the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to the neutral position. As a result, the hydraulic oil from the pump 13 circulates through the passages 12j, 11 and 12i and returns to the tank T, so the supply of hydraulic oil to the cylinder 6 is blocked and the arm 1. The crushing work is completed. Then, the above-mentioned manual operation and automatic operation are executed as appropriate to finish the work of crushing the structure. In the above embodiment, the pressure switch 17 was used to detect the opening of the arms 1, 1, but a position detector such as a proximity switch for detecting the position of the piston in the cylinder 6 was used for the pressure switch 17. May be used instead.

Using this position detector, the opening degree of arm 1.1 can be adjusted. That is, in the case of the pressure switch 17, the arm 1.1 listens and the pressure switch 17 is activated at a position where it cannot be opened any further, but if it is a position detector, the arm 1.
, 1, the position detector can be set to stop the opening operation of the arms 1, 1 at any desired opening position.

FIG. 3 shows the main part of another embodiment of the crushing apparatus of the present invention, and this embodiment is shown in broken lines in FIG.
Unlike the first embodiment, in which the hydraulic fluid supply direction is reversed as soon as the closing side supply pressure J, that is, the supply pressure to the first shilling chamber 68 reaches a predetermined value bf+, a circuit 50 is added. The supply direction is reversed only when the closing side supply pressures of the two are applied for a predetermined period (timer time) or when the supply pressure drops from the predetermined pressure within the predetermined period.

That is, the timer 51 is connected to the detection output terminal of the pressure switch 16.
and the falling detection circuit 52 are connected in parallel, and the outputs of both are connected to O.
The voltage is applied to the reset input horn terminal R of the flip-flop circuit 22 and the AND circuit 25 via the R circuit 53.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

A second embodiment of the present invention is used for a stone splitting machine, etc.
The arm 1.1 is pressed with a predetermined pressure for a certain period of time, and if the stone etc. does not break within the certain period of time, the arm 1.1 is opened, and
The above circuit 50 is added to open the arms 1 and 1 at that point if the arms 1 and 1 break within a certain period of time.
A pressure switch 16 that holds a stone, etc. at 1 and applies a predetermined pressure
is turned on, the timer 15 is activated, and if the stone or the like does not break within a certain period of time set by the timer 15, the flip-flop circuit 22 is reset via the OR circuit 53 by the output of the timer 15 after the certain period of time, The flip-flop circuit 21 is set via the AND circuit 25, and the solenoid 1
Demagnetize 1f and energize solenoid 11e to connect arm 1.1.
Open up. Furthermore, if the stone breaks before the timer time of the timer 51 elapses and the arm 1.1 moves forward rapidly and the pressure gauge inch turns off, the falling detection circuit 52 operates and outputs an output, and as described above, the OR circuit An output is output from 53 and is connected between arms 1 and 1. In addition, timer 51C
L flip-flop 1] is reset by the output of the knob circuit 22.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the arm automatically closes in response to an automatic crushing command (1) to perform crushing, and to reach a predetermined closing side supply pressure or upper limit crushing force. When the arm is reached, the arm is automatically opened and the crushing operation is automatically stopped with the arm roughly extended, allowing the crushing work to be automated and the operator to manually operate while visually checking the crushing status. It is no longer necessary to perform crushing work at the same time, and while the arm is operating automatically, the operator can prepare for the next operation, which saves time, improves work efficiency and reliability, and reduces labor. . In addition, the automatic switching means is connected in series to the conventional manual switching means, and the manual switching means is provided so that the inlet side and the outlet side can be locked in communication. There is no need to make any major changes to the specifications of the equipment.In addition, pressure application can be automatically stopped immediately if crushing does not occur even after applying a predetermined crushing pressure within a predetermined period of time, or if crushing is achieved within the specified period. , can perform crushing work suitable for stone breaking work, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing the main parts of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a partial plan view showing the basic configuration around the arm and opening/closing drive device of the crushing device, and FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram showing the main parts of another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Arm, 1a...Crushing blade, 6...Hydraulic cylinder, 6a...Closing side cylinder, 6b...Opening side cylinder, 11...Automatic switching valve, 12...Manual switching valve, 1
3... Hydraulic pump, 30, 4.0... Push button switch, 51... Timer, 52... Fall detection circuit.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) An opening/closing drive device operated by pressurized fluid is connected to a pair of arms provided with crushing blades, and pressurized fluid is supplied to the opening/closing drive device via a manual switching means in the direction in which the device opens or closes. In a crushing device that drives the arm to open and close by selectively supplying the arm, a locking device locks the manual switching device in one direction between opening and closing the arm, and a locking device that connects the manual switching device in series with the opening and closing drive device. an automatic switching means for controlling the supply direction of the pressurized fluid, a driving means for driving the automatic switching means, and a closing side pressure detector for detecting the pressurized fluid supply pressure in the arm closing operation direction of the opening/closing drive device. and a position detector for detecting the arm open position, and the driving means drives the automatic switching means to the arm closing side in response to an automatic crushing command, and when the closing side pressure detector detects the set pressure, the driving means A crushing device characterized in that an automatic switching means is switched to an arm open side, and fluid supply is stopped when the position detector outputs a detection signal. (2) The position detector is a pressure detector that detects pressurized fluid supply pressure in the direction of arm opening operation, and when the pressure detector reaches a set value, it is detected that the arm is fully opened. The crushing device according to item 1. (3) The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the position detector is a proximity switch that detects the position of a piston in a cylinder serving as the opening/closing drive device. (4) The driving means switches the automatic switching means when the predetermined closing-side supply pressure is applied for a predetermined period or when the closing-side supply pressure drops from the predetermined pressure within the predetermined period. A crushing device according to claim 1, 2, or 3.