JPH0362865B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing concrete structures and the like by opening and closing operations of an arm, and more particularly to a crushing device that automates the crushing operation.

BACKGROUND ART This type of crushing device typically has a pair of arms 1, 1 attached to a side plate 2 and shafts 3, 3, as shown in FIG.
The side plate 2 is attached to a bracket 4 attached to the tip of a boom of a power shovel or the like.
The hydraulic cylinder 6 is fixed to the side plate 2 through a rotating plate 5, and each arm 1 is connected to the tip of a piston rod. Conventional crushing equipment is equipped with a manual switching valve (not shown) that switches the direction of hydraulic oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder 6, and when crushing concrete structures, the operator moves a power shovel or the like to the part of the structure to be crushed. The arms 1, 1 are faced, and the operating lever is manually operated to switch the direction of hydraulic oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder 6 using the manual switching valve that responds to the lever to open and close the arms 1, 1. The crushing blades 1a, 1a crush the portion of the structure to be crushed.

As described above, the crushing work using the conventional crushing device requires the operator to manually open and close the arms 1, 1 while visually checking the crushing situation, which is complicated and causes a decrease in work efficiency. Furthermore, the crushing operation using the maximum driving pressure may be repeated excessively, resulting in problems such as wasted energy and shortened device life.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a crushing device that eliminates the above-mentioned problems, automatically repeats the crushing operation an appropriate number of times, and can perform reliable crushing work.

Means for Solving the Problems The crushing device of the present invention connects a pair of arms provided with crushing blades with an opening/closing drive device operated by pressurized fluid, and the opening/closing drive device is connected to a pair of arms provided with crushing blades in a direction in which the arms open or close. In the crushing apparatus, the arm is selectively supplied with pressurized fluid through a manual switching means to drive the arm to open and close; automatic switching means that is connected in series with the switching means to control the supply direction of pressurized fluid to the opening/closing drive device; a driving means that drives the automatic switching means; and detecting the crushing end position and expansion position of the arm. The apparatus is equipped with a position detector for detecting a crushing object, a non-crushing detection means for detecting non-crushing of the object by the closing operation of the arm, and a counting means for counting the output of the non-crushing detecting means, and the arm is opened and closed in response to an automatic shredding command. , the arm is opened and closed until the position detector detects a crushing end position or the counting means reaches a set value.

Function When an operator issues an automatic crushing command with the arm facing the part to be crushed of a concrete structure, etc., the automatic switching means is activated by the driving means, and the pressurized fluid is passed through the automatic switching means to the opening/closing drive device. The arm is supplied in the direction in which the arm closes, causing the pair of arms to close. The part to be crushed is clamped by the crushing blades of the arm and subjected to a crushing action. If the non-crushing detection means is activated before the position detector detects that the arm has reached the predetermined crushing end position, the drive means uses the automatic switching means to perform a switching operation, and as a result, the fluid supply direction changes to the arm closing position. direction to open direction. After that, when the position detector detects that the arm has reached the predetermined expanded position, the drive means drives the automatic switching means, and the fluid supply direction is switched again to the arm closing side, and the arm closes. . When the counting means detects that the above-mentioned repeated rotational movement of the arm has been executed a predetermined number of times, or that the arm has reached the predetermined crushing end position within the predetermined number of times, the switching operation to the opening/closing drive device is performed. The fluid supply is stopped and the arm is held open to end the automatic crushing.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a main part of a control section of a crushing device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is attached to the basic configuration shown in FIG. 2 to constitute the crushing device. In Figure 1, 6
is a hydraulic cylinder as an opening/closing drive device shown in FIG. 2, and the first and second cylinder chambers 6a, 6b are
Automatic switching valve 1 each consisting of 4 ports and 3 position switching valves
1 and a manual switching valve 12 that can be switched by an operator's operation of a manual lever, foot pedal, etc. The piston rod 6c can be selectively connected to a hydraulic pump 13 as the internal volume of each cylinder chamber 6a, 6b expands. The arms 1, 1 move forward and backward to move toward closing and opening. That is, the first and second cylinder chambers 6a, 6b are connected to outlet ports 11a, 11b of the automatic switching valve 11 via pipes 14, 15, and are connected to the inlet ports 11c, 11 of the automatic switching valve 11.
1d is the outlet port 12a, 12 of the manual switching valve 12
b, and is connected to the inlet port 12 of the manual switching valve 12.
c is connected to tank T, and port 12d is connected to pump 13. Then, when both the electromagnetic solenoids 11e and 11f are demagnetized and take the neutral position (center in the figure), the automatic switching valve 11 operates at the inlet ports 11c and 11f.
1d communicate with each other, and the electromagnetic solenoids 11e
When energized, it assumes the open position shown on the right side of the figure, and ports 11a and 11c communicate with each other, and port 1
1b and 11d communicate with each other, and when the electromagnetic solenoid 11f is excited, it switches to the closed position shown on the left side of the figure, so that ports 11a and 11d communicate with each other, and ports 11b and 11c communicate with each other. has been done. The manual switching valve 12 is configured in the same manner as the automatic switching valve 11 except that the communication state of the port is switched by a manual operation lever 12e instead of an electromagnetic type. Further, the manual switching valve 12 is provided so as to be lockable in the open position shown on the right side of the figure in order to maintain communication between the pump 13 and the inlet side of the automatic switching valve 11 during automatic crushing, which will be described later.

A pressure switch 16 as a pressure detector is connected to the connecting pipe 14 via a branch pipe 18, and the switch 16 is activated when the hydraulic oil supply pressure through the pipe 14 reaches a set value, for example, 250 kg/cm ² . It is provided to switch from one switching position to the other switching position and output a detection result.

Next, the arm position detector for detecting the current open/close position of the arms 1, 1 has a flow meter 60 and an up-down counter 80 disposed in the connecting pipe 14 as main elements, and the flow meter 60 is, for example, It consists of a turbine meter that outputs a pulse train according to the flow rate of hydraulic oil in and out of the first cylinder chamber 6a via 14. When the arms 1, 1 are closed so that hydraulic oil is supplied to the cylinder chamber 6a, and when the arms 1 are opened when the hydraulic oil is discharged from the chamber 6a, the counter 80 counts up and counts down, respectively, according to the pulse train output. A digital output value corresponding to the current open/close position of the arms 1, 1 is output. Therefore, the pulse signal from the flowmeter 60 is input to the count input of the counter 80, and the counter 80 receives the pulse signal from the flowmeter 60.
Arm 1 as a signal to put 0 into the subtraction state,
The set output of the flip-flop 21 for opening the arm 1 is input to the subtraction terminal, and as a signal for putting the counter 80 into the addition state, the flip-flop 2 operates the arm 1 in the closing direction.
The set output of 2 is input to the addition terminal. Further, a signal from the push button switch 30 for automatic crushing command is input to the reset terminal of the counter 80.

Next, a control circuit as a driving means for switching and driving the automatic switching valve 11 will be explained. The control circuit is connected to the flip-flop circuits 21 and 22 and the set output terminal of each flip-flop circuit 21 and 22, and when the set output is at a high level, the automatic switching valve 1 is connected to the flip-flop circuits 21 and 22.
The electromagnetic solenoids 11e and 11f are provided with solenoid drive circuits 23 and 24 for exciting the respective electromagnetic solenoids 11e and 11f.

Decoders 81 and 82 input the output of the counter 80, and both decoders 81 and 82 can set values corresponding to a predetermined expanded position and a predetermined crushing end position of the arms 1 and 1, respectively, so that the output of the counter 80 can be set respectively. A detection signal is output when the set value is reached. Note that both set values are variably set depending on the size of the fractured part of the structure, etc. Further, a counter 83 is connected to the pressure switch 16 via an AND circuit 77, and the counter 83 is provided so that the counted value is updated every time the pressure switch 16 detects that the supply pressure reaches a predetermined closing side supply pressure. ing. and,
Decoders 81, 82 and flip-flop circuit 2
Between 1 and 22, each gate circuit 75-77, 91-
94 and a flip-flop circuit 96 are interposed,
The AND circuits 75 to 77 close the gates and deactivate the control circuit by the reset output of the flip-flop circuit 41 at a low level during manual operation.

Specifically, the set input terminal of the flip-flop circuit 22 is connected to an OR circuit 94 that inputs the push button switch 30 that issues an automatic crushing command and the output of an AND circuit 93; OR to take OR with
The reset output of the flip-flop circuit 96 which is set by the output of the circuit 91 and the AND circuit 75
The output is the input. Therefore, the flip-flop circuit 22 operates when the automatic crushing command is issued.
Or, as will be described later, the arms 1, 1 do not close to the predetermined crushing end position, and furthermore, the automatic opening and closing operations of the arms 1, 1 are completed less than the predetermined number of times, and the arms 1, 1
It is configured to be set when the opening is rotated to a predetermined expanded position. Also, flip-flop circuit 2
The reset input terminal of flip-flop circuit 21 and the set input terminal of flip-flop circuit 21 are both connected to the output side of an OR circuit 92, and the OR circuit 92 is connected to the set output of flip-flop circuit 96 and the set input terminal of AND circuit 7
7 output is applied. As will be described later, both flip-flop circuits 21 and 22 are closed when the arms 1 and 1 move to the crushing end position, or when automatic crushing is executed a predetermined number of times, or when the closing side supply pressure reaches a predetermined pressure within less than a predetermined number of times. are set and reset.

Furthermore, the flip-flop circuit 21 is reset by the output of the AND circuit 75, the counter 83 is reset by the set output of the flip-flop circuit 96, and the delay-off timer 84 is activated.
The buzzer 85 emits a warning sound for a fixed timer period from the time of completion of crushing or the end of automatic crushing for a predetermined number of times.

The flip-flop 96 and the flip-flop 41 for manual crushing are reset by a signal from the push button switch 30 for automatic crushing.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a push button switch for issuing a manual crushing command, which when pressed applies a set input to the flip-flop circuit 41 and excites the solenoid 11e via the solenoid drive circuit 23.

Next, the operation of the crushing device configured as described above will be explained. First, like the conventional device, when manually operating the crushing work, press the push button switch 40.
is pressed to set the flip-flop circuit 41 and energize the solenoid 11e via the solenoid drive circuit 23. As a result, the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to the open position shown on the right side of the figure, and the port 11a is opened.
11c and ports 11b and 11d communicate with each other, the fluid circuit configuration appears to be the same as the conventional one without the switching valve 11, and manual crushing work similar to the conventional one is possible. That is, lever 1
2e to switch the manual switching valve 12 to the open position on the right side in the figure, the second
Hydraulic oil as pressurized fluid is supplied to the cylinder chamber 6b, the second cylinder chamber 6b expands and the piston rod 6c retreats, and the hydraulic oil in the first cylinder chamber 6a flows through the passage 11i of the switching valve 11 and the switching valve 12. The arms 1, 1 return to the tank T via the passage 12i of
opens. Furthermore, when the lever 12e is closed, the switching valve 12 is switched to the closed position on the left side in the figure.
Hydraulic fluid flows in the opposite direction. That is, pump 13
Hydraulic oil from the first
It flows into the cylinder chamber 6a, and the piston rod 6c
moves forward, and the hydraulic oil in the second cylinder chamber 6b returns to the pump 13 via the passages 11j and 12g, and the arms 1, 1 are closed. Furthermore, the lever 12
If e is set to neutral, pump 1 is connected via pipe 12k.
Since the hydraulic oil from the cylinder 3 immediately returns to the tank T, the hydraulic oil supply to the cylinder 6 is stopped and the arms 1, 1 become inactive.

During the manual crushing, the pulse train output from the turbine meter 60 corresponding to the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing in and out of the cylinder chamber 6a and the position change of the piston rod 6c is applied to the up-down counter 80, and the output of the counter 80 is applied to the up-down counter 80. These decoders 81, 82
The output of is blocked by AND circuits 75 and 76,
It is not output to other control circuits. That is, since the reset output Q of the flip-flop 41, which was set during manual operation, is input to the other input of the AND circuits 75 and 76, the AND circuits 75 and 76 are not opened and do not output any output. Furthermore, even if the pressure switch 16 detects the set pressure and outputs an output due to the closing operation of the arms 1, 1, the flip-flop 4
This is blocked by the AND circuit 77 which inputs the reset output of 1, and no output is output from the AND circuit 77.
No other control circuits are activated.

Next, when performing automatic crushing work, the operator first places the arms 1, 1 facing the part to be crushed of the structure, and then opens the arms 1, 1 by the above-mentioned manual operation to open the crushing blades 1a, 1a of the arms. A part to be crushed is interposed in between. Next, the lever 12e of the manual switching valve 12 is locked in the open position shown on the right side in FIG. When a crushing command is issued, the flip-flop circuit 4
1,96, the counter 80 is reset, the flip-flop circuit 41 is reset, the solenoid drive circuit 23 de-energizes the solenoid 11e, the manual crushing command disappears, and the AND circuit 75
The high level reset output of the flip-flop circuit 41 is input to one terminal of the gates .about.77. On the other hand, the flip-flop circuit 22 is set via the OR circuit 94 and the solenoid drive circuit 2
4, the solenoid 11f is energized, and the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to the closed position shown on the left side in FIG. 1, and the counter 80 is switched to the addition state. As a result, the hydraulic oil from the pump 13 flows through the passages 12j,
11h to the first cylinder chamber 6a,
The piston rod 6c moves forward to open the second cylinder chamber 6.
The hydraulic oil in b returns to the pump 13 via the passages 11g, 12i, and the arms 1, 1 are closed, and the crushed portion is crushed by the crushing blades 1a, 1a of the arms.

During this time, the detection pulse from the flow meter 60 is added to the counter 80, and when the arms 1, 1 crush the part to be crushed and reach a certain position, the counter 80 is added to the counter 80 by the decoder 82 set to detect crushing. The count value is detected, and the decoder 82 outputs a detection signal indicating that the part to be crushed has been crushed, and the AND circuit 76 (the other input terminal of the AND circuit 76 is opened by the H level output of the reset output of the flip-flop circuit 41). ), and the flip-flop circuit 96 is set via the OR circuit 91, and the set output of the flip-flop circuit 96
Through the OR circuit 92, the flip-flop circuit 2
2, the solenoid 11f is de-energized via the solenoid drive circuit 24, and the automatic switching valve 1 is activated.
1 to the neutral position, the flip-flop circuit 21 is set by the output of the OR circuit 92, the solenoid 11e is energized via the solenoid drive circuit 23, and the automatic switching valve 11 is moved in the opening direction of the switching arms 1, 1. Activate. Further, the delay-off timer 84 is activated by the set output of the flip-flop circuit 96, and the buzzer 85 is sounded for a certain period of time to notify the completion of crushing. On the other hand, automatic switching valve 11
When the arms 1, 1 are switched in the opening direction, the arms 1, 1 start the opening operation, but since the counter 80 is in the subtraction state by the setting of the flip-flop circuit 21, the pulse from the flowmeter 60 is transferred to the counter 80. When it reaches the value set in the decoder 81 (normally set to 0), the decoder 81 outputs an output, resets the flip-flop 21 via the AND circuit 75, sets the automatic switching valve 11 to the neutral state, and sets the arm. The opening operation of arms 1 and 1 is stopped, and arms 1 and 1 are held in an open state. Note that the output of the AND circuit 75 is also input to the AND circuit 93, but since the reset output of the already set flip-flop circuit 96 is input to the other input terminal of the AND circuit 93, the output of the AND circuit 93 is also input.
No output is output from the flip-flop circuit 22.
The arms 1, 1 are held open without having to be set again. Then, by moving the crushing device and pressing the push button switch 30 again, the same operation as described above will be repeated.

However, despite this closing operation of the arms 1, 1, the crushing is not completed, and before the decoder 82 detects the closed position due to the crushing of the arms 1, 1, the hydraulic oil supply pressure reaches the set value, for example 250 kg/cm. ² , the pressure switch 16 switches and outputs, which is input to the counter 83 via the AND circuit 77 and counted, and also resets the flip-flop circuit 22 via the OR circuit 92, setting the flip-flop circuit 21. . Solenoid 11f is demagnetized,
Since the solenoid 11e is energized, the automatic switching valve 1
1 switches from the closed position to the open position, and the direction of hydraulic oil supply from the pump 13 changes to the opposite direction.
From the pump 13 through the passages 12j and 11j, the second
While hydraulic oil is supplied to the cylinder chamber 6b, the first
The hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 6a returns to the tank T via the passages 12i, 11i, the piston rod 6c retreats, and the opening action of the arms 1, 1 causes the crushing blades 1a,
1a separates from the part to be crushed. Thereafter, when the arms 1, 1 are opened to a predetermined expanded position, the flip-flop circuit 21 is reset by the output of the decoder 81, and the solenoid 11e is demagnetized. At this time, the arms 1, 1 have not yet reached the crushing end position, that is, the crushing has not been completed, and the number of opening and closing of the arms 1, 1 after the automatic crushing command is counted by the counter 83.
If the predetermined number has not been reached, no output is output from the OR circuit 91 and the flip-flop circuit 9
6 is not set, the reset output is at a high level, so the output of the decoder 81 is sent to the AND circuit 7.
5, 93, the flip-flop circuit 22 is set via the OR circuit 94, and the solenoid 11f is energized. As a result, the device operates in the same manner as described above, and the arms 1, 1 move closed. In the end, if the crushing is not completed, the arms 1, 1 are repeatedly opened and closed a predetermined number of times, and repeatedly apply crushing force to the same part to be crushed.

On the other hand, when the crushing is completed or the repeated crushing operation reaches the number set in the counter 83, the AND circuit 76 output via the OR circuit 91 or the counter 8
Since the flip-flop circuit 96 is set by the third output, the gate of the AND circuit 93 is closed. Therefore, the arms 1, 1 assume a predetermined expanded position, and at this time, the flip-flop circuit 21 is reset as described above, but the flip-flop circuit 22 is not set, and both solenoids 11e, 1
Since 1f is in a demagnetized state, the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to the neutral position. As a result, the hydraulic oil from the pump 13 circulates through the passages 12j, 11k, and 12i and returns to the tank T, so the supply of hydraulic oil to the cylinder 6 is blocked and automatic crushing occurs with the arms 1, 1 expanded. The work is finished.

Furthermore, upon completion of crushing or repeated crushing operations, the counter 83 is reset by the set output of the flip-flop circuit 96, the delay-off timer 84 is activated, and the buzzer 85 emits an alarm sound. After a certain period of time, the timer output disappears and the buzzer 85 stops operating.

Then, the above-mentioned manual operation and automatic operation are executed as appropriate to finish the work of crushing the structure.

In the above embodiment, the automatic switching valve 11 is switched from the closed side to the open side at the same time as the closing side supply pressure reaches a predetermined pressure. The switching operation may be performed after applying a predetermined closing-side supply pressure and clamping the crushed portion for the predetermined time.

Further, in the above embodiment, the arms 1, 1 are in the open position,
Flow meter 60, counter 80, decoder 8 in closed position
1 and 82, but instead of these, the open and closed positions of the arms 1 and 1 may be detected using a proximity switch or the like that detects the piston position of the hydraulic cylinder.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, due to the arm closing operation,
The pressure switch 16 was opened as a non-fracture detection means to detect that the part to be crushed was not crushed.
A timer may be used instead of this pressure switch 16. That is, the timer is activated at the same time as the arm closes, and when the set time of the timer elapses, the counter 83 is counted up in the same manner as described above, and the automatic switching valve 11 is switched to open. If the fracture occurs before the set time of this timer elapses, the arms 1, 1 may be kept open in the same manner as described above.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the arm automatically closes to perform crushing in response to an automatic crushing command, and before crushing is completed, the supply pressure on the closing side, that is, the upper limit crushing force is reached. When the arm is reached, the arm is automatically opened, and the arm is opened and closed a predetermined number of times to repeatedly apply crushing force to the same crushing part. When the crushing is completed or the arm opens and closes the set number of times, the arm opens and closes. Since the crushing work is automatically stopped at the You can prepare for operations, etc.
Work time can be shortened, work efficiency and reliability can be improved, and labor can be reduced. In addition, automatic crushing work can be performed simply by connecting the automatic switching means in series with the conventional manual switching means and locking the automatic switching means so that the inlet side and the outlet side communicate with each other. There is no need to make major changes. In addition, pressure application can be automatically stopped immediately when crushing cannot be achieved even after applying a predetermined crushing pressure for a predetermined number of times, or when crushing is achieved within the specified number of times.
The crushing operation for the same crushing part is not repeated excessively, energy wastage and equipment life shortening can be prevented, and proper crushing work can be performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial plan view showing the basic structure around an arm and an opening/closing drive device of a crushing device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Arm, 1a...Crushing blade, 6...Hydraulic cylinder, 6a...Closing side cylinder, 6b...Opening side cylinder, 11...Automatic switching valve, 12...Manual switching valve, 13...Hydraulic pump , 16...Pressure switch, 30, 40...Push button switch, 80...
Up-down counter, 81, 82...decoder, 83...counter, 84...timer, 85...
…buzzer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An opening/closing drive device operated by pressurized fluid is connected to a pair of arms provided with crushing blades, and means for manually switching the pressurized fluid to the opening/closing drive device in the direction in which the arms open or close. In the crushing device that drives the arm to open and close by selectively supplying it through a an automatic switching means for controlling the supply direction of pressurized fluid to the opening/closing drive device; a driving means for driving the automatic switching means; a position detector for detecting a crushing end position and an expanded position of the arm; It is equipped with a non-crushing detection means for detecting non-crushing of the object to be shredded by a closing operation, and a counting means for counting the output of the non-crushing detection means, and the arm is opened and closed in response to an automatic shredding command, and the position detector detects whether the object is crushed. A crushing device that opens and closes the arm until an end position is detected or the counting means reaches a set value. 2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the non-crushing detection means is a pressure detector that detects pressurized fluid supply pressure in the arm closing operation direction of the opening/closing drive device. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein the non-crushing detection means is constituted by a timer that is activated from the start of the arm closing operation and outputs an output after a certain period of time. 4. The position detector detects the flow rate of the pressurized fluid applied to the opening/closing drive device, and detects the crushing end position and the expansion position of the arm based on the flow rate value. The crushing device according to item 1 or 3. 5. The crushing device according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the position detector is a proximity switch that detects the position of a piston in a cylinder serving as the opening/closing drive device.