JPS6245737A - Composite yarn and cloth having extensibility - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to stretchable composite yarns and fabrics, and more specifically, the present invention relates to stretchable composite yarns and fabrics. The present invention relates to a composite yarn in which short fiber threads are arranged in a portion, and a novel fabric having good stretchability using the composite yarn.

(Prior art) Conventionally, a short fiber component is used as a core and a sheath component is combined with this.
Various composite yarns have been studied for a long time as yarns that can take advantage of the characteristics of these two components.

For example, core yarn is a typical example. Also, recently, short fiber fleeces in which long fiber threads are wound around the outer periphery of the short fiber fleece have become known. However, the structure of these yarns inevitably results in so-called heather yarns in which the two components appear alternately.

In addition, in the case of the former core yarn, both components are twisted, so even if a long fiber yarn with elasticity is used as the sheath component and the elasticity is used as a composite yarn, it will not be possible to create a composite yarn. The stretching performance is extremely reduced, making it difficult to obtain the desired stretchability and contractibility.Also, in the case of the latter yarn, although the short fiber component is in an anothermal state, the long fiber yarn itself is in a form that tightens the short fiber component. However, as with the core yarn, the elasticity could not be utilized as a result.

Furthermore, composite yarns using binding spinning technology can be considered, but in the case of composite yarns that utilize binding spinning properties, the binding force of the binding fibers is extremely strong, and it is difficult to use the yarn as a single component with elasticity. Even if it were, the reality is that it is almost impossible to realize the full elasticity due to the yarn structure.

On the other hand, when considering fabrics made using composite yarns as described above, both the texture and functionality are fundamental elements that cannot be overlooked. In addition to expressing the texture well on the entire fabric surface, in terms of fabric functionality, we take into consideration the water absorbency of cotton, as well as the tension and elasticity of synthetic fibers, such as dimensional stability, lightness, quick-drying properties, and elasticity. It is possible to add properties to the material, but in order to create comfortable clothing.

After all, stretchability is one of the particularly important functional properties.

As described above, in the field of composite yarns as described above, it is important to impart elasticity to the bonded yarn.

Also, it is difficult, and the inventors of the present invention have already
Although there is a technique such as that proposed in Japanese Patent No. 1[]9648, this yarn cannot always be said to exhibit sufficient performance as a stretchable composite yarn. That is, the reason for this is thought to be that, especially when looking at the single-filament structure, the long fiber yarns constituting the core have a real twist, and the occurrence of crimp is completely reduced.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In view of the above-mentioned problems, an object of the present invention is to develop a composite yarn in which a long fiber yarn is arranged in the core and a short fiber yarn in the sheath, and to utilize the features of both components. To provide a new composite yarn that has excellent elasticity while maintaining good elasticity, and to provide a new composite yarn that uses the composite yarn as appropriate and has excellent elasticity that has not been seen in conventional composite yarn fabrics. The purpose is to provide used fabrics.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The stretchable composite yarn of the present invention that achieves the above-mentioned object is composed of long fiber yarns forming a core portion and short fiber yarns forming a sheath portion. In the composite yarn, the long fiber yarn has full elasticity due to crimping, and the unit length of the core component constituting the composite yarn is equal to the twist number Tc of the sheath component. The number of twists in this case is T9.

0≦T0≦0.85-Ts, and the twist coefficient K of the sheath component constituting the composite yarn is 1.5 to 5.0, and the fineness of the core component is 5.
~300 denier, the weight composition ratio of the core component and the sheath component is (core component) / (sheath component) - (95 ~ 5) / (5 ~
95) is a composite yarn having elasticity.

Note that here, the twist coefficient is a value determined by the following formula.

T = KJN Where, T: Number of twists per inch (twists/inch) No =
British style cotton count.

In addition, in the stretchable fabric of the present invention, a long fiber yarn having stretchability by crimping constitutes a core portion.

The fabric is constructed by using a composite yarn in which short fiber threads constitute a sheath portion, and the weight of the entire fabric is 10 to 100, and the fabric weight is 50 to 700 g/m'.

Bulk height is 06-4.0 m'7 go elongation rate is 5-3
00 is a stretchable fabric characterized by an elongation recovery rate of 60 to 98%.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become clearer in the following description.

(effect) The present invention will be explained in more detail below.

In the present invention, the long fiber yarn is a filament yarn, and examples of the polymer include polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and polybutylene terephthalate-based polymers.

It is not necessarily limited to these. Such long fiber yarns have the ability to expand and contract by crimping, and these two long fiber yarns constitute the core of the composite yarn of the present invention. The crimp may be structural crimp, or false twisting or pressing.

It can be obtained by employing any crimping process such as shaping process, and there are no particular restrictions.

The long fiber yarn preferably has an elongation ratio of 60% to 500 cm, more preferably 100 to 400%. If the elongation rate of the yarn is less than 60%, it is difficult to achieve good elongation characteristics as a fabric even if the composite yarn is made into a fabric, and if it exceeds 500%, it is difficult to achieve a good elongation rate as a fabric. Even if it can be obtained, it is undesirable because it often occurs in the sheath component.

Further, the long fiber yarn preferably exhibits a stretch recovery rate of 60% or more, most preferably a stretch recovery rate of 70% or more. If the stretch recovery rate does not satisfy the above range, it is generally difficult to obtain a good stretch recovery rate even if the entire composite yarn is made into a fabric. In addition, the elasticity recovery rate of the long fiber yarn ranges from 10% or more to 60%.
It is preferably within the range of from 20 to 55, particularly preferably from 20 to 55. If the limb position is less than 10%.

Sufficient elongation recovery properties cannot be obtained, and if the t value exceeds 60, compatibility with short fibers deteriorates, which is not preferable.

When producing the composite yarn of the present invention, first, the above-mentioned long fiber yarn is twisted in the opposite direction to the heating direction applied by a spinning machine used in the combining and twisting process with the short fiber yarn described later. It's something to add, but.

When producing the composite yarn of the present invention, a difference in the number of twists is given to the two components to be twisted.

This difference in the number of twists is determined by the number of twists imparted to the long fiber yarn and the number of twists set on the spinning machine.

Here, the composite yarn can exhibit the greatest stretching performance when the core yarn is arranged in a substantially untwisted state, that is.

If the number of twists per unit length of the core component and sheath component constituting the composite yarn are To and T8, respectively, 'p
This is when 0as Q. Furthermore, according to the findings of the present inventors, it is possible to exhibit favorable stretch performance even if the number of twists in the core yarn is below a certain level, and specifically, the number of twists in the core yarn is To is.

When the twist number T8 of the sheath component is 0.85 times or less, preferable stretch performance can be exhibited. The value of To is 0.0 of the value of T8.
When the ratio exceeds 85 times, the stretching performance of the composite yarn is extremely deteriorated, which is undesirable.

Based on the above findings, the preferred range of To is as follows.

O≦To≦0.850Tg This is the range expressed by .

Let me explain this point in more detail.

For example, the filament yarn as the core component is given a full S twist of 800 T/m in advance, and when the short fiber fleece as the sheath component and the filament yarn are combined and twisted, the number of twists is 80 T/m.
By heating at 0 T/m in the twisting direction Z,
It is possible to obtain a composite yarn having particularly good stretching performance of substantially To-0.

However, strictly speaking, when setting the feed rate of the filament core component and short fiber sheath component as well as the heating number of the pre-twisted filament yarn, untwisting is required when producing a composite yarn of two-unit twisting. Since the filament core component is untwisted, the filament core component undergoes untwisting due to untwisting, and it is advisable to take into account the slight untwisting caused by this and the rate of increase in length.

It is most desirable for the composite yarn of the present invention to have a structure in which the core component is substantially untwisted and the sheath component is twisted, but even if the core component is twisted, the above Tc%, The desired effect can be obtained by satisfying the related range of T B, and the filament core component to which pre-twisting is applied can be used in two cases: under-untwisting and over-untwisting. There are several types of embodiments, and the present invention may adopt any of them.

2 The stretch performance of the composite yarn of the present invention is also influenced by the twist state of the sheath component.9 According to the findings of the present inventors, in order to fully exhibit good stretch performance, the twist coefficient K of the sheath component must be adjusted. ,1
．． It needs to be 5 or more and 5.0 or less, preferably in the range of 2.8 to 3.5. That is, if the above-mentioned twist coefficient K is less than 1.5, the winding property of the sheath component to the core component becomes poor, resulting in yarn breakage and other defects, which is not preferable. Furthermore, if the twist coefficient K is larger than 5.0, the tightening force of the sheath component to the core component due to twisting becomes large, and the elastic performance is significantly reduced.

Furthermore, is the performance of the long fiber yarn with elasticity that constitutes the core also the elasticity of composite yarn? This is one of the important factors that influences

In other words, according to the findings of the present inventors, the yarn fineness of the long fiber yarn needs to be 5 to 300 deniers, and the length of the core can be adjusted from within this range depending on the desired fabric properties. It is preferable to appropriately select the fineness of the fiber yarn.

Still 9 In the present invention, the expression "having full stretchability" with respect to the long fiber yarn means that the CR (stretch recovery rate) value is 10 or more. If the CR value is less than 10%, it is impossible to obtain a composite yarn with good stretch performance.

9 The elasticity referred to in the present invention is obtained by subjecting thermoplastic synthetic fibers to various crimping processes such as false twisting, pressing, and shaping, or by structural crimping, as described above. It refers to the so-called crimp-dependent elasticity, and does not include so-called elastic yarns such as polyurethane yarns.

In the composite yarn of the present invention, the open weight ratio of core component/sheath component is preferably within the range of (95-5)%/(5-95). Regarding this, based on the sheath component, if the ratio of the sheath component is less than 5%, the advantages of the short fiber component will not be realized, and if it exceeds 95%, the elasticity will be inhibited. According to the findings of the present inventors, the ratio is preferably (80-50)%/(20-50)%.

The above-described composite yarn according to the present invention is knitted and woven into a knitted fabric, or laminated to form a nonwoven fabric or the like into a fabric.

The stretchable fabric according to the present invention obtained in this way is made of a composite yarn in which the long fiber yarn, which has the ability to stretch through crimping, constitutes the core portion and the short fiber yarn constitutes the sheath portion. A fabric with a fabric weight of 50 to 700 g/m",
It exhibits characteristics such as bulkiness of 0.3 to 4.0 aI+3/g, elongation rate of 2 to 300%, and elongation recovery rate of 60 to 98%.

This type of fabric has significantly superior elasticity and stretch recovery properties compared to fabrics made using conventional composite yarns, so it feels lighter and looks better when worn on a 2nd day. At the same time, it is possible to realize a comfortable clothing fabric that satisfactorily combines the characteristics of both component fibers. especially,
Conventional fabrics using composite yarns have a good elongation recovery rate of at most about 60 coefficients, and the fabric according to the present invention has extremely unique elasticity performance. At the same time, the fabric of the present invention has 3
It has a layered structure, that is, the front and back layers are made of cotton, for example, and the middle layer is made of elastic yarn, which is a multilayer structure, which is unique and has not been seen before.

Stretchability of the present invention? The fabric is constructed by using 10 to 100 of the composite yarn according to the present invention as described above by weight of the entire fabric.

In the present invention, the long fiber yarn material is not particularly limited as described above, and may be appropriately perforated according to desired composite yarn characteristics.

The same applies to the material of the short fiber yarn, and it is not particularly limited and may be appropriately determined according to the desired composite yarn characteristics. for example.

If you want the composite yarn to have good water absorption performance and a soft texture, it is recommended to use Kotton in all or part of the sheath component, or you can use the composite yarn to add gloss and a crisp touch in addition to good water absorption performance. If you want it to be loose, it is best to use regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon or semi-synthetic fibers as the sheath component, in whole or in part.

To explain the present invention according to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a front side view showing a model of the composite yarn according to the present invention,
Due to the yarn length difference control described below during composite yarn production, the continuous filament yarn 5 is placed in the core, while the short fiber yarn 1 is placed in the sheath. This figure shows a model in which the filament yarn 5 in the section is substantially untwisted.

On the other hand, Fig. 2 is a model front side view of a conventional core yarn, in which the dust, filament thread 5 [shown in white] and short fiber thread 1 (shown in black) form a group. The figure shows the state in which the yarns are twisted in an equal manner, and as mentioned above, it is possible to obtain both good elastic properties and a good composite (covering) effect of the sheath components with such yarns. It's difficult.

FIG. 3 is a process schematic diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing a composite yarn having full elasticity according to the present invention.

Sheath component 1 whole roving or sliver of short fibers.

Back roller 2. Apron roller, front roller 4
Trafting is carried out. On the other hand, the continuous filament yarn 5 of the core component, which has been pre-twisted in advance, is passed through the tension adjustment device B and supplied to the supply device 7.

The supply device 7 has a groove structure that can rotate synchronously with the rollers 2, 3, and 4. Subsequently, the yarn 5 is guided through the entire small diameter portion 8 of the front top roller 4, and is combined and twisted with the short fiber fleece 1' by the spinning machine 12.

At this time, the speed relationship between the short fiber fleece 11 and the filament yarn 5 during twisting is such that the speed relationship between the short fiber fleece 11 and the filament yarn 5 is completely controlled as follows: (fleece 1' supply speed)>(filament yarn 5 supply speed) It is something.

The heating direction in the spinning frame 12 is set to be opposite to the first twisting direction of the continuous filament yarn 5, as described above.

However, Snail Guide 9. After passing through the traveler 10, nine composite yarns 11 according to the present invention are wound up.

Note that the continuous filament yarn may be processed to have fuzz, loops, fused portions, etc., as long as it has the stretchability specified in the present invention.

In addition, FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the front roller 4 in order to explain the twisting situation at the point where the short fiber fleece 1' and the continuous filament yarn 5 are combined and twisted shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a model diagram showing an enlarged example of the form of the small diameter portion 8 in FIG. By specifically using such a small diameter portion 8, as described above, the speed relationship between the short fiber fleece 1' and the filament yarn 5 can be completely adjusted to (feeding speed of fleece 1')>(feeding speed of filament yarn 5). The combination and twisting is performed while being controlled and supplied.

(Example) Hereinafter, specific configurations of the present invention will be explained based on examples.

I will explain the effects.

Example 1 As a core component, a false twisted yarn (75 denier, 24 filaments) made of polybutylene terephthalate was prepared with a 300 T/mi insert yarn in the S direction as a first twist. On the other hand, upland cotton was prepared as a sheath component, and the composite yarn of the present invention was produced according to the process outline shown in FIGS. 5 and 4. The heating in the spinning machine is 300 T/m in the Z direction. The sheath component is Ne (British cotton count) 62S, and the twist coefficient is K =
It was 3.5 (according to British cotton count standards).

The speed relationship between the two components during 9-unit twisting is set so that the filament yarn side is 6 times slower than the short fiber fleece.

After the yarn thus obtained was treated with hot water for 20 minutes, the elastic properties were evaluated and the results were as follows.

Stretching and elongating rate ES, = 120 inches Stretching and elongating recovery rate E. = 92 ratio Expansion/contraction recovery rate CR = 51 ratio The method for measuring these values is based on the JIS method described below.

Subsequently, the composite yarn was knitted into a 28G jersey to make a prototype shirt fabric. The results of a complete evaluation of the performance of this knitted fabric were as follows. Can't compare yet, 65% polyester/35% cotton
The results of a comparative evaluation of the performance of a similar knitted fabric using a conventional ring-spun yarn of Chi blend and 60S are also listed.

As is clear from these evaluation results, the knitted fabric according to the present invention has good stretch characteristics and stretch recovery ability.

In addition, it was confirmed that it is lightweight, has excellent building resistance, and is highly aesthetically pleasing.

Example 2 A false twisted yarn of polyethylene terephthalate continuous filament yarn (50 denier, 24: filament) as a core component was twisted at 500T/m'f in the S direction as a first twist.
I prepared the thread I put in. On the other hand, Egyptian cotton (
A serration m45)i was prepared, and the composite yarn of the present invention was made according to the process outline shown in FIGS. 6 and 4. Heating in the spinning machine is Z,
500 T/m in the direction.

The sheath component is No 6O8, twist coefficient K = 3.6.

The speed relationship between the two components during combined twisting was set so that the filament yarn side was 5.8 slower than the short fiber fleece.

The elastic properties of the obtained yarn after hot water treatment for 20 minutes were as follows (measured according to the JIS method described below).

Stretching and elongation rate E8+w 85% Stretching and elongation recovery rate Ec=91% Stretching and recovery rate CR-29% The thus obtained composite yarn according to the present invention was subjected to a shearing design to obtain a plain weave fabric.

The stretch characteristics of the fabric are average length and width, elongation rate = 18.
．． 9%, and the elongation recovery rate was 89%, which was extremely good.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention as described above, there is provided a composite yarn having a long fiber yarn in the core and a short fiber yarn in the sheath.

A new composite yarn that has good coverage of the sheath component, maintains the characteristics of both components, and has significantly superior elasticity, and this yarn has also been developed with excellent properties that have not been seen with conventional composite yarn fabrics. A novel composite yarn fabric with stretchability is provided.

In addition, in the above-mentioned explanation, each person is calculated|required as follows.

[Stretching/stretching rate and recovery rate of yarn]

Take the elastic yarn in small pieces and treat it with hot water in a free state (for polyamide, 60°C x 20 minutes, polyethylene terephthalate,
(For polybutylene terephthalate, 90°C x 20 minutes)
After drying naturally, an initial load of 2 mg/d was applied, and after 60 seconds, the Itl value was read. Next, remove the initial load, apply a constant load of 0.1 g/d, and read the length b after 60 seconds. Subsequently, the constant load was gradually increased, and after being left for 2 minutes, the initial load was applied again, and the length ci was read and calculated using the following formula.

Stretching and elongation rate (%) = -x 100 [Stretching and restoring rate] This is used to measure the recovery force of crimp in water, and a specified amount of small pieces are made using a skein winding machine equipped with a tension device.

Same as the initial load (2 mg/d') under water, the constant load (0
1g/d ) at the same time and read the length l after 2 minutes. Next, reduce the constant load only and see the length after 2 minutes! 2 is read and calculated using the following formula.

tl [Bulk height] The bulk height of the fabric is calculated by the following procedures ① to ②.

■ Collect 15 test specimens from approximately 6 CII + × approximately 6 countries.

■ Stack 6 test pieces so that the weave direction or weave direction is perpendicular to form a set, and place on the sample stand of the thickness measuring device mentioned above.

(2) Using the presser foot of 2(1), apply a load of 7 g/cm'' if the test piece is knitted or 240 g/cm'' if it is woven, and read the thickness after 10 seconds.

■ Divide the sum of the 5 sets of measured values obtained above by 15 and get 1
The thickness per sheet (nn) is determined.

■ Separately, collect two test pieces of exactly 25cm+nx25cm and weigh them (read to the nearest 0.01g).

■ Multiply the obtained weight by 16 to get the weight per 1 m” (g)
/m') and find the average value of the two sheets.

■ From the thickness (=) and weight (g/m') obtained above, calculate the bulk height (cm'/g) using the following formula.

Here, W: Weight of the sample (g/m") t: Thickness of the sample (mm) Using a constant extension type tensile tester with an automatic recorder, the grip interval was set to 20 cffI,
Apply an initial load of the same weight as a sample of 5 m x 1 m in size and fix it in the grip.
．． The sample was stretched at 8 kg-j, and the gripping interval at that time was calculated using a quadratic formula and expressed as the average value of the three sheets.

1.1 Elongation rate (%) = -x 100! Here l: Grip interval (1ml) l, :i, grip interval when stretched to skg (rr
rm)

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front side view showing a complete model of the composite yarn according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front side view schematically showing a conventional core yarn. FIG. 3 is a process schematic diagram illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a stretchable composite yarn according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged model perspective view of the vicinity of the 70 controller in the process schematic diagram shown in FIG. 6. 1: Short fiber yarn 1': Short fiber fleece 8: Front roller small diameter section 12: Spinning machine patent applicant Toshi Co., Ltd. Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In a composite yarn in which a long fiber yarn constitutes a core portion and a short fiber yarn constitutes a sheath portion, the long fiber yarn has the ability to expand and contract by crimping, and The number of twists per unit length of the core component T_c of the thread and the number of twists per unit length of the sheath component T_s have a relationship of O≦T_c≦0.85・T_s, and The twist coefficient K of the sheath component constituting the composite yarn is K = 1.5 to 5.0, and the fineness of the core component is 5.
~300 denier, the weight composition ratio of the core component and the sheath component is (core component) / (sheath component) = (95 ~ 5) / (5 ~
95) A composite yarn having elasticity characterized by: Note that here, the twist coefficient K is a value determined by the following formula. T=K√(N_e) Where, T: Number of twists per inch (turns/inch) N_e
: British style cotton count. (2) The stretchable composite yarn according to claim (1), wherein the sheath component contains at least cotton. (3) The stretchable composite yarn according to claim (1), wherein the sheath component contains at least cellulose-based regenerated fibers or semi-synthetic fibers. (4) Composite yarn in which the long fiber yarn, which has the ability to expand and contract by crimping, constitutes the core portion and the short fiber yarn constitutes the sheath portion is used in an amount of 10 to 100% by weight of the entire fabric. The fabric has a fabric weight of 50 to 700 g/m^2, a bulk height of 0.3 to 4.0 cm^3/g, and an elongation rate of 5 to 300.
%, and has an elongation recovery rate of 60 to 98%.