JPS6331568B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to composite yarns. More specifically, the present invention relates to a composite yarn having a continuous yarn in the core and a short fiber component in the sheath, and a method and apparatus for manufacturing the same.

Conventionally, as a composite yarn technology with a core-sheath structure, in order to feed rovings of the same type or different types at different speeds, a front top roller and a front bottom shaft system were used, in which the top roller or bottom shaft was devised, or a front A method is known in which the rollers are shaped like a cone and are fed at different speeds. Furthermore, a method of obtaining a yarn having a core-sheath structure by heat-treating two components, shrinkable fibers and non-shrinkable fibers, is also well known.

However, with these methods, not only are two-layer composite yarns with a core-sheath structure with satisfactory coverage not obtained;
The equipment was complicated and quality control, process control, and maintenance management were difficult, and stable production could not be expected.

The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies aimed at improving the prior art.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite yarn in which the continuous yarn of the core is uniformly and firmly coated with short fiber components, and to stably produce such an excellent composite yarn using a simple method and a simple device. What you get is what you offer.

The object of the present invention is as follows: (1) A composite yarn consisting of a continuous yarn and a short fiber component, A. The continuous yarn is arranged in the center of the composite yarn and the short fiber component is arranged in the outer layer, B. At least the short fiber component in the outer layer is wound in a real twist around a continuous yarn, and the continuous yarn in the center has a real twist in the same direction as the winding direction, and the short fiber component The single fibers constituting the C are arranged almost parallel to the actual twisting direction, and the coverage of the short fiber components constituting the outer layer is 80.
% or more.

(2) When manufacturing composite yarn consisting of continuous yarn and short fiber components, the front top roller of a spinning machine with a draft mechanism is made into a stepped roller,
Spinning short fiber bundles drafted from the large diameter portion of the stepped roller and the front bottom shaft, while sending out a continuous yarn from the small diameter portion of the stepped roller and the second top roller, and combining the two;
A method for producing composite yarn, which comprises twisting a continuous yarn while wrapping a short fiber bundle around it.

(3) The front top roller of a spinning machine with a draft mechanism is made into stepped rollers with large and small diameters.
A composite yarn characterized in that it has a first gripping part made up of a large diameter part of the stepped roller and a front bottom shaft, and a second gripping part made up of a small diameter part of the stepped roller and a second top roller. manufacturing equipment. ” This is achieved by

In the present invention, continuous yarn refers to continuous yarn such as filament yarn and spun yarn. Preferably, it is a filament yarn. This is because filament yarns having different properties from the short fibers covering the outer layer have more desirable characteristics as composite yarns. As the synthetic fiber filament yarn, a drawn yarn, a semi-drawn yarn, or a mixture of a drawn portion, a semi-drawn portion, or an undrawn portion may be used as desired. Furthermore, the material of the continuous yarn may be any known yarn made of natural fiber silk, semi-synthetic fiber, or synthetic fiber, and it goes without saying that it may be pre-shrunk yarn or cotton yarn. . Short fiber components are known short fibers consisting of natural fibers such as cotton, silk, wool (including animal hair), hemp, semi-synthetic fibers, and synthetic fibers, either alone or in a blend of each. . The composite ratio of continuous yarn and short fiber components of the present invention is 10:90 to 90:10 (weight ratio), preferably 20:80 to 70:30 (weight ratio). If the composite ratio of either the continuous yarn or the short fiber component is less than 10%, the balance will be poor and this is not preferable.

Next, the composite yarn of the present invention will be explained using the drawings.
3 and 4 show a cross-sectional view and a side view of the composite yarn of the present invention, in which the continuous yarn 10 is arranged in the center of the composite yarn, and the short fiber component 5 is arranged in the outer layer. There is. The short fiber component 5 is wound around the continuous yarn 10 in a real twist, and the short fibers constituting the short fiber component 5 are arranged substantially parallel to the real twist direction. Furthermore, the coverage of the short fiber component 5 constituting the outer layer is 80% or more. A preferable value for such coverage is 90% or more, and the reason for this is that if the continuous yarns 10 in the core are completely covered, a fabric with a uniform color tone can be obtained after dyeing, and a high-quality coating can be obtained. This is because it can be made into thread. For this reason, if the coverage is less than 80%, unevenness will increase, which is undesirable.

The major feature of the composite yarn of the present invention is that the short fiber component in the outer layer is wound in a real twist around a continuous yarn, and the continuous yarn in the center is a real twist in the same direction as the winding direction. This is because the central continuous yarn has a twist.
The fibers that should form the outer peripheral layer are less likely to enter the center layer, and clear and good layer differentiation between the two layers can be achieved. Therefore, in combination with the above-mentioned high coverage (80% or more), the combined purpose of both components can be reliably achieved as intended. That is, when specific fibers are used to form the outer periphery and the center layer, the effect of specifically arranging these fibers in the outer periphery and the center layer can be fully obtained. In particular, in the composite yarn of the present invention, since the single fibers constituting the short fiber component in the outer layer are arranged almost parallel to the real twist direction, the fibers originally tend to enter the central fiber layer, but as mentioned above, As shown in the figure, since the central continuous yarn has twist, it is possible to obtain two distinct layers, and at the same time, the quality and quality of the yarn and product are also extremely good. be.

Although the yarn of the present invention can clearly differentiate into two layers, this is due to the distribution and arrangement of the fibers, and it is said that the fiber layers of the center layer and the outer layer are likely to separate. This does not mean that the yarn of the present invention is a well-integrated composite yarn.

Also, Figures 5 and 6 show conventional composite yarns.
It is difficult to bring the continuous yarn 10 completely to the core, and it always comes out to the outer layer. For this reason, the continuous yarn 10 and the short fiber component 5 are combined in a side-by-side manner, so that the continuous yarn is inevitably exposed in the outer layer, making it impossible to improve the quality.

Next, the method for manufacturing the composite yarn of the present invention will be explained using the drawings.

1 and 2 show one embodiment of the method of the present invention. First, the roving 1 is supplied to the cross rollers 3, 3' through the guide 2, and
A desired draft is provided between the large diameter portion 7a of the front top roller 3' and the front shaft 8 to form the short fiber fleece 5. On the other hand, the continuous yarn 10 is sent out from the small diameter portion 7b of the front top roller and the grip portion of the second front top roller 9. Then, the short fiber fleece 5 is wound around the continuous yarn 10 and twisted. The twist may be a real twist or a temporary twist, but a real twist is preferable.

The reason for this is that the coating is cleaner with the real twist, and it is easier to use the real twist when using a ring spinning machine.

The feeding speed of short fibers is preferably 2 to 40% faster than the feeding speed of continuous yarns. By doing this, the fleece 5 is overfed compared to the continuous yarn, so that it is uniformly wrapped around the continuous yarn and coated. If it is less than 2%, the proportion of exposed continuous yarns will be high, which is undesirable, and if it exceeds 40%, the short fiber component in the covering portion will become sagging, which is not preferred. However, the above-mentioned overfeed rate 2~
The range of 40% is applicable to continuous yarns such as ordinary raw silk multifilament, woolly processed yarn, Brellia processed yarn, interlaced yarn, steam jet crimped yarn, spun yarn, etc., and the continuous yarn is elastic. In the case of yarn, it is preferred that the feed rate of the short fiber bundle is 2 to 70% faster than the feed rate of the continuous yarn.

To further explain using Figures 1 and 2,
4, 4' are aprons, 6 is a collector, 11 is a continuous yarn tension adjustment device, 12 is a yarn guide, 1
3 is a pressure device for the second front top roller 9;
17 is a composite yarn, 14 is a snail guide, 15 is a traveler guide, and 16 is a winding bobbin. Although FIG. 2 shows a nip mechanism that supplies continuous yarn to the center and short fiber bundle fleece to both sides, the specific arrangement of the device is not necessarily limited to this. , it is also possible to use a nip mechanism that supplies the short fiber bundle fleece to the side closer to the center of the drawing and continuous yarns to both sides, which is the opposite of what is shown in the figure. The left-right relationship between the nip mechanisms may be the same at all times, or the nip mechanisms may be independent for each spindle.

Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, the point at which the continuous yarn 10 and the short fiber bundle fleece 5 join is preferably about 3 to 20 mm from the nip point of the short fiber bundle fleece. If it is at this level, the coverage will be improved.

Next, the apparatus of the present invention will be explained. The apparatus of the present invention is as described in the explanations of FIGS. 1 and 2 above. That is, the front top roller of a spinning machine having a draft mechanism is connected to the large diameter portion 7a.
and a stepped roller with a small diameter section 7b, each having a nip point, and the fleece that has passed through the draft section is supplied through the nip point between the large diameter section 7a and the front shaft 8, while the continuous yarn 10 is fed through the nip point between the large diameter section 7a and the front shaft 8. 7b
and the second front top roller 9 through a nip point. The large diameter portion 7a and the small diameter portion 7 of the front top roller
The circumference ratio of b is 2 to 70% in the large diameter part than in the small diameter part.
Larger is preferable. Also, the large diameter part 7a and the small diameter part 7
b The width of each roller should be at least 5 mm. This is because even if the thread path deviates slightly, it will not easily deviate from the nip point.

The present invention can be applied not only to ordinary yarn machines and decorative yarn machines, but also to bundled spun yarns.

Also, when using elastic threads such as woolly threads or polyurethane threads as continuous threads, they become tense and
It can also be supplied while being stretched.

Further, fibers having unique functionality such as antistatic properties and water absorption properties may be used as the core component, and in such a case, a composite yarn having unique functionality can be obtained.

Furthermore, using the principle of the present invention, if you use a multilayer yarn with two or more layers, for example, a stepped roller with three steps,
A three-layered yarn can be obtained, and a four-layered yarn can be obtained by making four layers.

In addition, in this invention, coverage is calculated|required as follows.

That is, take an enlarged photograph of the side of the composite yarn for at least 0.5 m in length (the composite yarn length is 0.5 m).
The number of images taken per m minute and the magnification can be set to any value that is easy to measure. It is determined by calculating the ratio (%) = {(covered area of short fiber component) x 100}/(total surface area of yarn). Then, this is carried out for five yarn parts, and the average value of these is taken as the coverage rate of the short fiber component in the yarn.

Next, an example will be described.

Example 1 100D- made of polyethylene terephthalate
A composite spun yarn was obtained using a 48fil woolly polyester yarn and a pill-resistant polyester staple 3D×89mmV (V: variable cut) using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The short fiber bundle fleece was fed at a feed rate of 7% higher than the filament feed rate, and the spun yarn count was set to Nm = 30 (Nm: metric count).

Furthermore, the twist coefficient K=85 [T=K√, T:
twist number (T/m), K: twist coefficient, Nm: metric count]. The mixing ratio of filament and short fiber was 33.3:66.7 (weight ratio), respectively.
Furthermore, the single fibers constituting the short fibers were approximately parallel to the actual twisting direction of the short fiber bundle. This single yarn was subjected to double thread processing (the weave direction was the opposite direction of the bottom weave, and the number of twists was 95% of the number of bottom weaves) to obtain a 4/2 twill fabric. The fabric has excellent anti-pilling properties (grade 5-4 in ICI method for 10 hours),
The result is a wool-like product with good surface quality, high elasticity, firmness, and volume, as well as moderate elasticity. Furthermore, after dyeing, the coverage of the polyester staple as the outer layer component was measured and showed a good value of about 99%.

Example 2 Using the same equipment as in Example 1, filament components: 75D-24fil woolly polyester yarn (30% by weight), staple fiber components: (1) Dispersion dyeable anti-pilling polyester raw cotton 3D x 76 mm (35% by weight) ), (2) Using two components of normal pressure cation dyeable anti-pill polyester raw cotton 4d x 76 mm (35% by weight), overfeeding the short fiber component by 5% to obtain a composite yarn of Nm = 1/32 .

The twist condition was K=95. The coverage of this composite yarn was 98%, and the single fibers of the staple were almost parallel to the weaving direction of the short fiber bundle. This composite yarn was processed with double thread processing (the number of twists is 100% of the number of bottom twists in the opposite direction to the bottom weave direction) to obtain a 2/2〓 twill. The product quality is excellent as a thick fabric for autumn and winter, and the dyeing with cationic dyes gives it good marbling. Also, the anti-pilling property is determined by ICI method.
After 10 hours, it was grade 5-4, which was very good. It has excellent wash and wear properties, and has excellent waist, firmness, and heat retention properties.

Example 3 Made of polyamide under the same conditions as Example 1
The filament component is 110D-24fil modified yarn, anti-pill type 3D x 89V (70% by weight) made of polyacrylonitrile, and merino #58.
The short fiber component is roving made of 30% wool,
The short fiber fleece and the filament were combined at a speed such that the short fiber fleece had a 10% overfeed, and spun with Nm=24. The twist coefficient at this time was K=70. In addition, the mixing ratio of filament component and short fiber component is 29.3% by weight, respectively.
It was 70.7% by weight. The coverage of the obtained composite yarn is
It was 94%. When socks were made from the composite yarn using a 16G sock knitting machine, the socks had a smooth texture and a good quality. Moreover, a product with bulky properties and heat retention properties was obtained.

Example 4 Using the same method as in Example 1, using polyethylene terephthalate 150D-30fil, roving made of woolly yarn and rice cotton card sliver, the feeding rate of rice cotton fleece was over-feeded by 7% compared to the woolly yarn, and the fibers were combined. Nec = 7S (Nec: British cotton count) was spun.
The twist condition was K=3.9 [T=K√T: twist number (T/inch) K: twist coefficient). The blending ratio of the spun yarn is 19.7% filament component and 80.3% short fiber component.
It was %. The coverage of this composite yarn was 99.5%. Furthermore, the single fibers of rice cotton were almost aligned in the direction of the short fiber bundles. A 2/1 twill denim was made using the yarn obtained in this example. The resulting product is 100% cotton
The denim had a texture of 50% and had appropriate elasticity.

Example 5 Using the same method as in Example 1, using a roving made of polyurethane 70D rice cotton card sliver, the rice cotton was combined so that the speed was 1.5 times that of the polyurethane, and Nec = 7S (Nec: UK The stretch of the urethane is 4.0 times greater when combined.
The coverage of the obtained composite yarn was approximately 100%.
The yarn was woven with a 3/1 twill design for denim. The resulting product had the feel of 100% cotton as in Example 4, and was highly stretchable denim.

Example 6 The same material as Example 4 was used, except that the overfeed rate of the rice cotton fleece was 2.3%.
Composite yarn was spun under the same conditions. The coverage of the resulting composite yarn was 83%, with 14% of the core filament yarns being exposed. Although this yarn was inferior to the yarn of Example 4, it was preferable to the conventional composite yarn.

Comparative Example 1 A composite yarn was spun under the same conditions as in Example 6 except that the overfeed rate of the rice cotton fleece was 1.8%. The resulting composite yarn has a coverage rate of 78
%, which was about the same as that of conventional products.

On the other hand, the overfeed rate of US cotton fleece was 41
%, the rice cotton fleece sagged and only a composite yarn with extremely poor coverage was obtained.

Comparative Example 2 The stepped rollers shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 were not used, but only the roller 7a was used, and the filament was supplied under tension to the upstream side of the front top roller 7a. The materials and other materials were the same as in Example 6. The obtained composite yarn is the fifth
As shown in Fig. 6, the coverage rate was 77%.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the combined portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a cross-sectional model of the composite yarn obtained by the present invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the side model of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is an enlarged side view of a conventional core spun yarn model, and FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5. 1: Roving, 5: Short fiber component, 7a: Large diameter portion of front top roller, 7b: Small diameter portion of front top roller, 8: Front bottom shaft, 9:
Second front top roller, 10: filament, 11: tension device, 13: pressure device, 15: traveler, 17: composite yarn.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A composite yarn consisting of a continuous yarn and a short fiber component, A. A continuous yarn is arranged in the center of the composite yarn and a short fiber component is arranged in the outer periphery, B. At least in the outer layer part. The short fiber component is wound in a real twist around a continuous yarn, and the continuous yarn in the center has a real twist in the same direction as the winding direction, and the single fiber component constituting the short fiber component has a real twist in the same direction as the winding direction. The fibers are arranged almost parallel to the actual twisting direction, and the coverage of short fiber components constituting the outer layer is 80%.
A composite yarn characterized by the above. 2. The composite yarn according to claim 1, wherein the continuous yarn is a filament. 3. When manufacturing a composite yarn consisting of a continuous yarn and a short fiber component, the front top roller of a spinning machine having a draft mechanism is made into a stepped roller, and the yarn is drafted from the large diameter portion of the stepped roller and the front bottom shaft. On the other hand, a continuous yarn is sent out from the small diameter part of the stepped roller and the second top roller, the two are combined, and the short fiber bundle is twisted while being wrapped around the continuous yarn. A method for manufacturing a composite yarn characterized by: 4. The method for manufacturing composite yarn according to claim 3, wherein the spinning machine is a ring spinning machine. 5. The method for manufacturing a composite yarn according to claim 3, wherein the feeding speed of the short fiber bundle is 2 to 70% faster than the feeding speed of the continuous yarn. 6 The front top roller of a spinning frame having a draft mechanism is made into a stepped roller having a large diameter and a small diameter, and a first gripping portion consisting of a large diameter portion of the stepped roller and a front bottom shaft, and a small diameter portion of the stepped roller. 1. An apparatus for manufacturing composite yarn, characterized in that a second gripping section is provided which includes a top roller and a second top roller. 7 The difference in circumference between the large diameter part and the small diameter part of the stepped roller is 2.
7. The apparatus for manufacturing a composite yarn according to claim 6, wherein the ratio is 70%.