JPS6240622B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solar heating and cooling heat storage device, and more specifically, a heat storage system consisting of a heat storage container filled with a metal hydride as a heat storage material and a storage container, and a heat exchanger heat storage system for each of these two types of containers. A pipe is installed inside, each heat pipe is extended to the outside from each container, each end is installed inside the heat exchanger chamber divided into two, and the two containers further have an on-off valve. The heat exchanger chamber is connected to the heat exchanger chamber through a hydrogen transport pipe, and is connected to the heat exchanger chamber by another hydrogen transport pipe which passes through one of the two halves of the heat exchanger chamber for the storage container and has an on-off valve. The present invention relates to a solar heating and cooling heat storage device, characterized in that it is connected to a solar heat collector system.

This invention incorporates a chemical heat storage system that uses a specific chemical substance capable of long-term heat storage as a heat storage system in a solar heating and cooling heat storage device that has been attracting attention in recent years, and is superior to the currently used water heat storage method. It also provides an excellent solar heating, cooling, and heat storage device.

The features of the device according to this invention are (a) metal hydrides are selected from among ammonium compounds, hydroxides, metal hydrides, etc. as heat storage materials from the viewpoint of solar heat collection temperature, and (b) metal hydrides are used as heat storage materials. When exchanging heat, the heat exchange is performed through heat pipes installed in the heat storage chamber and the storage chamber, without directly exchanging heat with the heat medium that operates the heat load;
(c) A heat exchanger chamber is provided at the end of the heat pipe extending from the two chambers, and (d) the heat exchanger chamber may be divided into two parts to accommodate a high-temperature heat medium (e.g. oil) and a low-temperature medium. (e) The heat storage container and the storage container are connected to a hydrogen transport pipe via an on-off valve. For example, the two hydrogen transport pipes are connected to each other and pass through one of the two divided heat exchanger rooms for the storage container, and are connected by another hydrogen transport pipe having an on-off valve.

Among the features of this invention, in order to install two types of hydrogen transport pipes (e), they can be used separately for heat storage and heat regeneration, and the heat of hydrogenation generated during heat regeneration can be used more efficiently. This has the effect of making it possible to take it out effectively.

Advantages and other advantages of the device of the invention will become clearer from the description below.

The present invention will be explained using FIG. 1, and the apparatus of the present invention can be broadly classified into a heat storage system and a solar heat collector system.

First, let's talk about the heat storage system: a heat storage container 1 containing a metal hydride M ₁ H (M ₁ : metal or alloy, H: hydrogen) 3, e.g. CaNi ₅ H ₆ , which has a large hydrogenation reaction heat; It basically consists of a storage vessel 2 containing _a relatively small metal hydride _M2H4 , such as _LaNi5H6 . Heat exchange heat pipes (preferably with fins) 7 and 8 are installed inside the heat storage container 1 and the storage container 2, respectively, and the ends of the heat pipes extending outside from each of the containers serve as heat exchangers. It is configured to be installed inside the chambers 9 and 10. In addition, heat exchanger rooms 9 and 10
is divided into two chambers by partition plates 11 and 12, respectively, and the ends of the heat pipes 7 and 8 are installed inside by penetrating the partition plates 11 and 12. In addition, the heat storage container 1 and the storage container 2 are connected by a hydrogen transport pipe 6 via an on-off valve 5, and one chamber of a heat exchanger chamber 210 divided into two for the storage container (in which the high-temperature heat medium in the latter half is circulated). The hydrogen transport pipe 25 passes through the inside of the hydrogen transport chamber) and is connected to the hydrogen transport pipe 25 by another hydrogen transport pipe 25 having an on-off valve 24. Each of the two halves of the heat exchanger chambers is connected to a solar collector system in which a high temperature heat medium or a low temperature heat medium is circulated separately and allows heat exchange to the heat pipes.

On the other hand, the solar heat collector system includes circulating heat medium transport pipes 14, 15, 16 that transport the heat energy collected by the solar heat collector 13 using a heat medium.
and a heat load 17.
Pumps 18, 19, 20 for transporting the heat medium are installed in the transport pipes 14, 15, 16. The transport pipes 14 and 15 are for circulating and transporting a high-temperature heat medium, such as oil, and the pipe 16 is for circulating and transporting a low-temperature heat medium, such as water.

There are no particular limitations as a solar collector, but
It is desirable to use a high-performance collector, such as a combination of a Fresnel lens or a combination of a heat pipe and a Fresnel lens. In this case, since the temperature level is 100°C or higher, it is convenient to use oil as the heat collecting medium [the heating medium circulating in the circulating heat medium transport pipes 14 and 15], and the temperature level is 150 to 200°C. Heat is also possible. At such a temperature level, cooling can be performed using a normal absorption refrigerator, etc., while heating can be performed by lowering the temperature to an appropriate level by exchanging heat with city water.

The operation of this system will be described below.

(a) When the amount of heat of the heat medium heated by solar heat remains even after operating the heat load (air conditioner) The heat medium (oil) heated by the solar heat collector 13 is circulated and transported by the pump 18 The excess heat circulated through the pipe 14 (solid line) to activate the heat load 17 and then exchanged heat through one of the two halves of the heat exchanger chamber 19 is transferred to the heat storage container 1 through the heat pipe 7. . The heat storage material M ₁ H3 in the heat storage container 1 is decomposed by this amount of heat, and the generated hydrogen is sent to the storage container 2 through the hydrogen transport pipe 6 by opening the on-off valve 5 . Note that the heat medium (oil) leaving the heat exchanger chamber 19 is returned to the solar heat collector 13 by the circulating heat medium transport pipe 14. The hydrogen generated from M ₁ H is stored in storage container 2.
Since the reaction heat is released by reacting with M ₂ in the heat storage container 1 (however, the rate of release of heat is slower than that of the metal hydride M ₁ H in the heat storage container 1), it is necessary to cool M ₂ and release it at the lowest possible hydrogen pressure. Make it. For this purpose, the pump 21 sends cooling water through the cooling water transport pipe 22 to one of the two halves of the heat exchange chamber 210, cools M ₂ through the heat pipe 8, and drains it through the drain pipe 23. like this
Hydrogen generated by the decomposition of M ₁ H is smoothly converted to M ₂
Heat is stored by combining with

(b) When the amount of heat of the heat medium heated by solar heat is insufficient to operate the heat load (air-conditioning machine) In this case, the thermal energy collected by the solar collector 13 cannot be directly used for the air-conditioning load 17. Hydrogen stored as M ₂ H in the storage container 2 is transferred to the heat storage container 1 and reacted with M ₁ to use the generated heat. For this reason, the heat medium (oil) heated by the solar collector 13 is sent by the pump 19 through the circulating heat medium transport pipe 15 to another chamber divided into two parts of the heat exchanger chamber 210 for heat exchange. and circulate. The exchanged thermal energy is supplied to the metal hydride M ₂ H4 in the storage container 2 through the heat pipe 8, and hydrogen is rapidly released from the M ₂ H. This hydrogen is sent to the chamber in which the heat medium (oil) is circulated among the two halves of the heat exchanger chamber 210 by opening the on-off valve 24 and sending it through the hydrogen transport pipe 25 until it reaches near room temperature. After being heated, it is sent to the heat storage container 1. Thus, M ₁ +H→ in the heat storage container 1
The reaction of M ₁ H + △H occurs and the amount of heat of △H is generated. At this time, since the reaction that generates hydrogen from M ₂ H in the storage container 2 is an endothermic reaction, the generated hydrogen is cooled. Therefore, if this hydrogen is directly sent to the heat storage container 1 and reacted with _M1 , the amount of heat of hydrogenation generated will be reduced by the amount of heat lost in the endothermic reaction. Therefore, in the apparatus of the present invention, as described above, hydrogen generated from M ₂ H in the storage container 2 is sent to the heat exchanger chamber 2 through the hydrogen transport pipe 25 and heated to near room temperature. Therefore, the reduction in heat due to the endothermic reaction is compensated for and the collected solar heat is effectively utilized. Further, hydrogen at too high a temperature quickly heats the metal M ₁ and suppresses the reaction H+M ₁ →M ₁ H+△H, but hydrogen at a temperature near room temperature instead causes this reaction to occur quickly.

The heat energy generated in this way moves through the heat pipe 7 to another chamber divided into two parts of the heat exchanger chamber 19, heats the heat medium (water), and this heat medium is pumped by the pump 20. The heat medium is then sent to the heat load 17 through the circulating heat medium transport pipe 16 to operate this heat load. In this manner, when the amount of heat collection is insufficient, the stored thermal energy can be released to operate the heat load when the amount of heat collection exceeds the amount required to operate the heat load.

In this invention, a heat pipe is used for heat exchange as explained above, and the following advantages can be obtained thereby. That is, when a heat medium transport pipe is directly inserted into a heat storage container or a storage container, the transport pipe becomes thin, so rust and water scale are likely to adhere, especially when water is used as a heat medium, and sufficient heating or No cooling effect can be expected, and if the transport pipe becomes thin, the pressure loss applied to the heat medium will be large and the flow rate of the heat medium will decrease, making it difficult to perform sufficient heat exchange. On the other hand, heat pipes have good thermal conductivity and heat uniformity, do not generate limescale, and are extremely advantageous for heat transport.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the advantages of providing the heat exchanger chamber separately from the heat storage container and the storage container include the following. In other words, if each container containing metal hydride and the heat pipe are integrated and the heat exchanger chamber is constructed to be replaceable, there is no need for maintenance such as cleaning the container itself containing metal hydride. It is sufficient to clean only the heat exchanger room, making maintenance of the entire system easier.

The heat exchanger room is divided into two by a partition plate, and heat exchange is performed by circulating high-temperature heat medium or low-temperature heat medium separately, and different types of heat medium (water, oil, etc.) can be used in the same heat exchanger room. ), unlike when heat exchange is performed, the heat medium is mixed and does not adversely affect the performance of the solar heat collector, which is extremely advantageous in terms of maintenance.

As described above, the solar heating and cooling heat storage device of the present invention can be said to be an epoch-making device as a solar heating and cooling heat storage device that incorporates a long-term heat storage system in place of the conventionally used water heat storage method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific example of the solar heating and cooling heat storage device of the present invention. 1... Heat storage container, 2... Storage container, 3, 4... Metal hydride, 5, 24... Open/close valve, 6, 25... Hydrogen transport pipe, 7, 8... Heat pipe, 9, 10... Heat exchanger chamber 1 and 2, 11, 12... Partition plate, 13... Solar heat collector, 14, 15, 16... Circulating heat medium transport pipe, 17... Air conditioning heat load, 18, 19, 20,
21... Pump, 22... Cooling water transport pipe, 23... Drain pipe.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heat storage system consisting of a heat storage container filled with metal hydride as a heat storage material and a storage container;
A heat exchange heat pipe is installed in each type of container, each heat pipe is extended to the outside from each container, and each end is installed internally astride a heat exchanger chamber divided into two, Furthermore, the two containers are
The hydrogen transport pipe is connected via an on-off valve, and the hydrogen transport pipe passes through one of the two halves of the heat exchanger chamber for the storage container and is connected with another hydrogen transport pipe having an on-off valve. A solar heating and cooling heat storage device characterized in that an exchanger room is connected to a solar heat collector system. 2 The heat exchanger room is divided into two parts so that the high temperature heat medium and the low temperature heat medium can be circulated independently, and the ends of the heat storage container and each heat pipe extending outside from the storage container are divided into two parts. 2. A solar heating and cooling heat storage device according to claim 1, which is installed internally across a room.