JPS6233828Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a rock crusher used for crushing rocks, concrete structures, etc.

Conventional rock crushers of this type had the following problems.

(1) It is difficult to insert the wedge device into the hole in the rock. In other words, the hole made by the rock drilling machine is not a right cylinder, but
There are bends and unevenness on the hole wall. For this reason, even a wedge device with a diameter smaller than the hole diameter gets stuck in the middle and is difficult to insert.

Therefore, in order to facilitate this, in the current system, as shown in Fig. 1, a hole a with a diameter considerably larger than the outside diameter of the wedge is bored, and at the same time a guide portion e (portion dφ) at the bottom of the wedge device b is left. The upper part
It is made thin like d ₁ φ.

However, the width of the split rock corresponding to the clearance (the difference between the hole diameter Dφ and the wedge diameter) is wasted, and the area where it contacts the rock (dφ portion) is narrow and the reaction force of the rock is concentrated at that part.

Therefore, the sliding surface pressure between the wedge f and the guide portion e at that portion increases, causing problems such as seizure, and the small diameter portion g of the wedge device b is subjected to bending and tensile stress. However, since the structure does not allow a large cross-sectional area, there is a limit in terms of strength even if the cylinder pushing force (rock breaking force) is increased, and furthermore, it is not possible to deal with the case where the hole diameter decreases due to wear of the bit.

(2) The width of the split rock was small, and it took a lot of effort to make it larger.

In other words, the current rock crusher has a hole diameter of 40~
In the case of 60φmm, the split rock width is 15 to 20 mm.

However, when crushing particularly large stones or rocks, this is insufficient, so after crushing once and expanding the hole diameter, the guide is replaced and a thick plate guide is used to break the rock again.

However, replacing the guide (or inserting the spacer) is time-consuming, and once the hole wall has been crushed, this part collapses when inserting and removing the wedge device, so the actual opening width is reduced and the thick guide cannot be inserted into the spacer. The effect is reduced, and although the width of the split rock can be increased by other methods such as lengthening the wedge stroke, the cylinder length, pilot hole length, etc. become longer, which is not economical.

(3) In order to perform wedge crushing, it is necessary to drill a hole a in the bedrock with a diameter that allows the wedge device b to enter, and in order to increase the rock-breaking force, a large hole a must be drilled due to structural strength issues.

However, the larger the diameter of the hole, the more time and cost it takes, making it less economical. Therefore, a structure is required that can produce a large rock-breaking force even with the smallest possible diameter.

The present invention was created in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is nothing special.
In other words, the width of the split rock can be increased by adding the width of the split rock to the outside expansion of the guide without inserting a spacer or changing the guide to a thicker one. Even if the hole is cylindrical, the cylindricity of the hole is well formed, making insertion easier.Also, the clearance between the guide and the hole can be reduced to almost zero, so the device's ability to split rock width is not wasted, and almost all of the hole is cut into rock. It is possible to achieve a displacement (crack width) of To provide a rock crusher that not only does not cause problems, but also allows the cross-sectional area of the constricted part of the guide to be increased without being restricted by the hole diameter, so that there is no concern about strength against tension or bending.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 2 and subsequent figures.

In the drawings, 1 is a cylinder device, 2 is a wedge, and 3 is a guide.

The upper end of the wedge 2 is fixed to the rod 4 of the cylinder device 1.

The guide 3 consists of a pair of guide pieces 3a and 3b, and has a so-called wedge shape in which the outer side becomes larger toward the top. Bracket 8,9
is formed.

A low friction member 5 is inserted inside the guide 3 so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the guide 3. The low friction member 5 has a wedge shape divided into two parts like the guide 3, and is provided with mounting seats 6 and 7 at the upper and lower ends. Then, the mounting seats 6, 7 are brought into contact with the upper and lower end surfaces of the guide 3, and the dust-proof elastic rings 10, 11 are placed along them. It is fastened to the end face.

Opposed upper brackets 12 and 13 are fixed to the lower end surface of the cylinder device 1, and plate-shaped spring members 1 are attached to these upper brackets 12 and 13.
The upper ends of 4 and 15 are fixed with bolts 16,
The lower ends of the spring members 14, 15 are fixed to the lower brackets 8, 9 of the guide 3 with bolts 17, and both spring members 14, 15 are parallel to each other.

The wedge 2 is inserted into the guide 3 and is in contact with the low friction member 5.

Next, rock crushing by the rock crusher according to the present invention will be explained.

First, as shown in FIG. 10, a hole 18 having a diameter Dφ slightly larger than the tip of the guide 3 is bored in the rock 19. Next, the guide 3 is inserted into this hole 18. At this time, since the hole diameter is small, once it is inserted to a certain depth _Z1 , it cannot be pushed in any further. There, the first crushing is done. This crushing is performed by operating the cylinder device 1 to cause the wedge 2 to penetrate into the guide 3 and to expand the guide 3. In this case, when the wedge 2 is penetrated, it can be broken with a small penetration force since the depth is shallow, and the surface pressure on the sliding surfaces between the wedge 2 and the guide 3 can be small.

Once the rock has been crushed, when the wedge 2 is pulled back and the guide 3 is compressed, it will return to its original shape, but the initial hole diameter Dφ
(indicated by the broken line in Figure 10). Then, the guide 3 is further inserted into the hole 18 to a depth _Z2 .

In this state, rock crushing is performed again. Due to this fracture, the rock was split by the width of the guide opening near the depth _Z2 , and hole 18
The upper part of is pushed further apart.

By repeating this operation, the bedrock 19 is crushed.

Note that the shape of the guide 3 is not limited to the halved wedge shape (tapered shape) as described above;
As shown in FIG. 1, the wedge 2 may be expanded stepwise toward the top, or the wedge 2 may have an H-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 12, and the flange portion 2a may protrude from the side surface of the guide 3. .

The present invention has been described in detail above, and the guide 3 is connected to the cylinder device 1 and has a split shape and consists of a pair of guide pieces 3a and 3b.The outside of the guide 3 is enlarged toward the top. Guide piece 3
a and 3b are opposed to each other over the entire area, and the wedge 2 connected to the rod 4 of the cylinder device 1 is connected to the guide 3.
This is a rock breaking machine that is characterized by being inserted into the interior.

Therefore, the guide 3 has a linear tapered shape over its entire area, and even if the pilot hole is curved or uneven, the same cylindrical degree of the pilot hole is formed, making it easy to insert the guide 3. Then, the guide 3 is inserted into the hole drilled in the rock, and after performing the first crushing, the guide 3 is further inserted into the enlarged hole to perform the next crushing, and this process is repeated to crush the rock. It is possible,
A large cracking width can be obtained, and the crushing depth can also be increased.

For this purpose, we did not do anything special, such as inserting a spacer or changing the guide to a thicker one, but simply added the split rock width of guide 3 to the outside expansion of guide 3. It can be expanded, and even if the hole is bent, it is inserted while being pushed open from the top of the hole, so the same cylindricality of the hole is formed well, making insertion easier.

In addition, since the clearance between the guide 3 and the hole can be made almost zero, the rock-splitting capacity of the device is not wasted, and almost all of the displacement (crack width) can be made into the rock, reducing the wedge angle and increasing the rock-splitting force. can be made larger.

In addition, the surface pressure on the sliding part between the wedge 2 and the guide 3 can be equalized, eliminating problems such as seizure and unevenness of the sliding part, and furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the constricted part of the guide 3 is not restricted by the hole diameter. Since it can be made larger and easily strengthened against tension and bending, there is no concern about structural strength even if the rock-splitting force is increased.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the wedge device and hole of a conventional rock crusher, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view taken from the direction of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the Fig. 2 line, and Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken from Fig. 2.
6 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 2, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line of FIG. 2, FIG. 8 is a view taken from the direction of FIG. The figure is a perspective view of the low-friction member, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the crushing action, FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the guide, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the wedge and guide. It is. 1 is a cylinder device, 2 is a wedge, 3 is a guide,
5 is a low friction member, 10 and 11 are dustproof elastic rings.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The outside of the guide 3 connected to the cylinder device 1 and consisting of a pair of guide pieces 3a and 3b is made into a shape that becomes larger toward the top, and the guide pieces 3a and 3b are opposed to each other over the entire area. A rock crusher characterized in that a wedge 2 connected to a rod 4 of a cylinder device 1 is inserted into a guide 3.