JP2004092117A - Rock breaker and rock breaking method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure efficient crushing by preventing a damage accident of a wedge liner in a rock breaker having a wedge with wedged inclined working faces and a pair of rodlike wedge liners arranged on opposite sides of the wedge. <P>SOLUTION: A working face of the wedge liners that abuts on a rock mass is longitudinally divided into a plurality of working sections. The wall thickness of each working section tapers from a front end to a rear end to form an inclined face. The wall thickness at the front end of a front side working section is greater than that at the front end of a rear side working section. A short connection portion connects the rear end of a front side working section and the front end of a rear side working section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a split rock machine suitable for use in tunnel construction and the like, and a split rock construction method using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In tunnel construction and urban civil engineering, in order to prevent the generation of vibration and noise, a construction method using a hydraulic split rock machine that breaks the rock mass by wedge action is used instead of blasting that has been widely used conventionally. It is increasing. The hydraulic split rock machine includes a wedge having a slanted working surface having a thin tip side thickness and a thick rear side thickness, and a pair of wedge liners disposed on both sides of the wedge and pushed open by the wedge. The wedge liner is inserted into a pilot hole drilled in the rock beforehand or a crack in the rock, and the wedge is hydraulically pushed between the pair of wedge liners, and the rock is crushed by the pressure of both wedge liners.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
FIG. 11 shows this rock collapse method. In the prepared hole H drilled in the rock G, an action part composed of a wedge W of a hydraulic split rocker and a pair of wedge liners L, L is inserted, and a wedge-like action surface is formed. The rock is crushed by the pressure of the wedge liner by inserting the wedge having the gap between the pair of wedge liners L and L. The acting surfaces of the wedge liners L, L, that is, the surfaces that come into contact with the rock mass are tapered surfaces as shown in FIG. 11, and the taper surfaces are crushed in order from the entrance of the pilot hole H.
[0004]
The conventional method has a problem in that it takes time and labor to crush in order from the corner of the opening of the pilot hole little by little. To improve this, as shown in FIG. 12, a wedge liner L having a reverse taper-shaped thick portion M is used at the tip, and the wedge liner and the wedge W are inserted to the vicinity of the bottom of the pilot hole. The one that is crushed at the same time from the bottom has been developed.
[0005]
According to this method, the entire pilot hole can be crushed at a time, which is efficient, but the load tends to be large, and it is often impossible to split rocks. For this reason, it is often difficult to extract the action portion composed of the combination of the wedge and the wedge liner from the hole. Further, at the time of extraction, the thin boundary portion (indicated by A) of the wedge liner was bent, and it was easy to cause a breakage accident.
[0006]
Furthermore, for horizontal rock splitting in tunnel construction, after inserting the wedge and wedge liner into the pilot hole, loosen the wire that suspends the rock breaker or lower the boom, arm, etc. of the rock breaker With the weight of the split rock machine left in the pilot hole, the split rock direction is determined and the split rock work is performed. At this time, since the entire weight is applied to the wedge and the wedge liner, problems such as bending may occur when the thickness of the portion A is thin. Therefore, the present invention solves the problems in the construction method using the conventional split rock machine, prevents an excessive load and prevents the situation where the split rock is impossible, and prevents the wedge liner from being bent or broken. The challenge is to do.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration. That is, the split rock machine according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a wedge having a wedge-shaped inclined working surface having a thin tip portion and a thick base portion, and a pair of rod-like wedges disposed on both sides of the wedge. A split rock machine that crushes the bedrock with the pressure of the wedge liner by pushing the wedge into the gap between the pair of wedge liners to widen the gap between the wedge liners. The abutting action surface is divided into a plurality of action sections in the longitudinal direction, and the thickness of each action section is formed as an inclined surface where the front side is thicker and the rear side is gradually thinner, and the thickness of the front end of the front action section is The wall thickness is thicker than the front end of the rear action section, and a short connection is provided to connect the rear end of the front action section and the front end of the rear action section. It is characterized. As in the invention described in claim 2, it is preferable to provide a pointed guide portion at the tip of the wedge liner in order to facilitate insertion into a pilot hole or a crack.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a split rock construction method in which a combination of a wedge having a wedge-shaped inclined surface of a split rock machine and a pair of rod-shaped wedge liners arranged on both sides of the wedge is inserted into a pilot hole formed in the rock mass. The wedge is a split rock construction method in which the wedge is pushed into the gap between the pair of wedge liners to widen the gap between the wedge liners on both sides, and the rock is crushed by the pressure, and the wedge liner contacts the bedrock. The action surface is divided into a plurality of action sections in the longitudinal direction, and the thickness of each action section is formed as an inclined surface where the front side is thick and the rear side gradually becomes thin, and the thickness of the front end of the front action section is Wedge lar which is thicker than the thickness of the front end of the action section and has a short connecting part for connecting the rear end of the front action section and the front end of the rear action section First, the cutting edge portion of the wedge liner is inserted into the pilot hole, and the portion close to the opening of the pilot hole is crushed by the cutting action portion. The wedge liner is advanced so that the action section is inserted into the uncrushed part in the pilot hole, and the uncrushed part is similarly crushed. It is characterized by repeated advancement and crushing.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings.
[0010]
This rock breaker 1 is a hydraulic breaker (hereinafter also referred to as “hydraulic breaker”), and includes a wedge 2 and a pair of wedge liners 3 and 3 disposed on both sides of the wedge so as to sandwich the wedge. Yes. As shown in FIG. 5, the wedge 2 includes wedge-shaped working surfaces 2 a and 2 a that are thin on the front end portion F side in the front view and gradually increase in thickness on the rear side. In the illustrated example, the thickness t of the front end F is about 5 mm, the thickness T of the rear end R of the working surface 2a is about 81 mm, and the distance D between them is about 2530 mm. Therefore, the gradient of the working surface 2a on one side is about 38/2530.
[0011]
Both side surfaces of the front end portion F of the wedge 2 are formed as inclined surfaces 2b such that the front end side is gradually narrowed in plan view. A portion of the wedge 2 on the rear side of the rear end portion R is a base portion 5 for holding the wedge 2, and a narrow curved portion 5a and a large diameter portion 5b are provided in this portion. A round bottom annular groove 5c is formed in the diameter portion 5b over the entire circumference.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 3, the wedge liner 3 has a flat surface 3 a in contact with the wedge 2 and a substantially saddle shape in which the working surface 10, that is, the surface in contact with the rock mass, has a curved surface with an arcuate cross section. A pointed guide portion 7 is provided at the tip of the wedge liner 3. The guide portion 7 is for facilitating insertion into the prepared hole, but may not be provided depending on circumstances. An engagement portion 8 is provided at the rear end of the wedge liner 3 to prevent the wedge liner from deviating forward. The engaging portion 8 protrudes on both sides in the width direction. The width of the wedge liner 3 is substantially the same except for the guide portion 7 and the engaging portion 8.
[0013]
The working surface 10 of the wedge liner 3 is divided into a plurality of stages along the longitudinal direction. In the illustrated example, it is divided into four stages of action sections indicated by 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d. Within each section, the thickness of the tip end side is large and the thickness of the rear side is slightly small. Yes. Specifically, the thickness h1 of the A portion in FIG. 3 is 47.5 mm, the thickness h2 of the B portion is 37.5 mm, the thickness h3 of the C portion is 40.0 mm, and the thickness h4 of the D portion is 34.mm. The thickness h5 of the E portion is 35.6 mm, the thickness h6 of the F portion is 31.9 mm, and the thickness h7 of the G portion is 46.0 mm. For this reason, connecting portions 11a and 11b having inclined surfaces such that the rear side becomes higher are provided between the intervals of the respective sections, that is, between the sections 10a and 10b and 10b and 10c in the illustrated example. The rear portion 12 of the section 10d is raised with a large slope, and the engaging portion 8 is integrally formed at the rear end portion so as to protrude on both sides in the width direction.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a hydraulic split rock machine 1. This hydraulic split rock machine 1 has a body 21 joined to the front side of a cylinder 20, a piston 23 is provided in the cylinder 20 so as to be movable back and forth, and a piston rod 25 is connected to the front side of the piston. . A wedge holder 27 is attached to the front end portion of the piston rod 25, and the wedge 2 is held by the wedge holder 27. Specifically, the base portion of the wedge 2 is fitted to the front portion of the wedge holder 27, and the steel ball 29 pressed by the screw plug 28 is engaged with the annular groove 5 c of the wedge 2. For this reason, the wedge 2 is connected to the wedge holder 27 so that it can rotate and cannot deviate.
[0015]
A wedge liner holder 30 is attached to the front end of the body 21, and a rubber washer 31 and a plate 32 for pressing the front surface of the rubber washer 31 are provided on the inner surface side thereof. A cylindrical liner 33 is fitted on the inner surface of the body 21, and a wedge liner support 34 is attached to the front end portion thereof. The wedge liner 3 is inserted into the wedge liner holder 30 so that the rear end surface thereof contacts the wedge liner support 34. A cover 35 is attached to the front end portion of the body 21, and a radial through hole 36 is formed at an appropriate position of the cover 35, and a wedge spring is formed in the through hole 36 by a biasing force of the coil spring 37 and the coil spring. A plug 38 that presses the liner 3 toward the wedge 2 is fitted.
[0016]
For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the hydraulic split rock machine 1 is configured such that a tilt arm 42 is connected to a straight arm 41 that can be turned up and down provided on a turntable of a traveling device 40. It is attached to the part via a universal joint 44 and a turning device 45 and used. The turning device 45 is provided with a turning motor and a reduction gear inside, and the hydraulic split rocker 1 can rotate about its axis by the output of the motor. Since there is a direction in which the rock is easily crushed, it is preferable that the hydraulic split rocker can be rotated around its axis and the pressure direction of the wedge 2 and the wedge liner 3 can be freely adjusted.
[0017]
Next, the split rock method using this hydraulic split rock machine 1 will be described. When crushing the bedrock using the split rock machine 1, first, the pilot hole H is drilled with the rock machine. The diameter of the pilot hole H is set such that the distal end portion of the action portion composed of the wedge 2 and the wedge liners 3, 3, that is, the section 10 a of the wedge liner 3 can be just inserted. If the gap between the section 10a and the inner wall of the pilot hole is too large, the applied pressure of the wedge liner 3 does not sufficiently act, so that it is difficult to perform effective split rock.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), when the action section 10 a on the tip side is inserted into the pilot hole H, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the rear side of the piston 23 provided in the cylinder 20 of the rock rock machine 1, and the piston rod 25 To advance the wedge 2. Since the working surface 2a of the wedge 2 is formed as an inclined surface, the wedge liners 3 and 3 are pushed open as shown in FIG. This applied pressure destroys the rock mass.
[0019]
When the crushing by the section 10a is performed, as shown in FIG. 7A, the action portion composed of the wedge liners 3, 3 and the wedge 2 is further advanced, and the section 10a is moved to the back of the pilot hole H that has not yet been crushed. Insert into the part (uncrushed part). In this state, as shown in FIG. 7B, the wedge is advanced again to perform crushing. At this time, the loose part which has already been crushed is pressurized by the section 10b.
[0020]
Similarly, the action part composed of the wedge liners 3 and 3 and the wedge 2 is further advanced, and as shown in FIG. 8A, the section 10a is inserted into the portion of the pilot hole H that is not yet crushed, Crush as shown in FIG. In this way, the inner part of the pilot hole H is sequentially crushed. When the section 10a is advanced, the rear sections 10b and 10c are also inserted into the pilot holes in order, and pressurization is performed. As described above, the length corresponding to the length of the section 10a is crushed, and finally the entire depth of the pilot hole H is crushed. Although the working surface of the wedge liner 3 is inclined in the front-rear direction, each section is substantially parallel to the inner wall of the pilot hole H when the wedge 2 moves forward and pressurization is performed. Is done.
[0021]
When the crushing of the pilot hole H is completed, the wedge 2 is retracted, and the split rock machine 1 itself is retracted, and the wedge 2 and the wedge liner 3 are pulled out. In this case, since the peripheral wall portion of the pilot hole H has already been destroyed, the drawing is easy. In the above description, the example in which the pilot hole H is drilled to perform the crushing has been described, but it is needless to say that the crushing can be performed using an existing crack or the like. In the illustrated example, the example in which the split rocker is inserted sideways and destroyed is described, but the same applies to the case of downward or upward.
[0022]
The wedge liner 3 of the hydraulic split rocker 1 has a special shape in which the working surface is divided into a plurality of stages in the front-rear direction, so that it can be effectively crushed. That is, as in the conventional product shown in FIG. 11, at least the length of the section 10 a can be simultaneously crushed as compared with the inclined surface of the wedge liner that gradually collapses from the corner of the opening. It is efficient. Further, unlike the conventional product shown in FIG. 12, the wedge liner inserted to the bottom of the hole is not crushed at a stretch, so there is no possibility that the wedge liner is damaged or cannot be removed due to an excessive load.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently perform the crushing of the rock, and it is possible to prevent an accident caused by an excessive load or an accident that makes the sampling impossible. It was. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to the destruction of, for example, concrete structures other than rock.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a split rock machine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the combination of the wedge liner and the wedge.
FIG. 3 is a plan view (a) and a front view (b) of a wedge liner.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of each part.
FIG. 5 is a plan view (a) and a front view (b) of a wedge.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the shale rock method.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a swarf rock method.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of the swarf rock method.
FIG. 9 is a plan view of the split rock device.
FIG. 10 is a front view of the split rock device.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional split rock method.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional split rock method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Split rock machine 2 Wedge 3 Wedge liner 10 Working surface 20 Cylinder 21 Body

Claims (3)

A wedge having a wedge-shaped inclined working surface with a thin tip portion and a thick base portion, and a pair of rod-like wedge liners disposed on both sides of the wedge, the wedge being spaced from the pair of wedge liners In the split rock machine that crushes the rock mass with the pressure of the wedge liner by pushing into the section and widening the interval between the wedge liners, the working surface abutting on the rock mass of the wedge liner is divided into a plurality of action sections in the longitudinal direction. The wall thickness of each action section is formed as an inclined surface that is thicker at the front side and gradually thinner at the rear side, and the wall thickness at the front end of the front action section is made thicker than the wall thickness at the front end of the rear action section. And the short rocking machine which provided the short connection part which connects the rear-end part of the front action section, and the front-end part of a rear action section was provided. The split rock machine according to claim 1, wherein a guide portion that is pointed toward the tip is provided at the tip of the wedge liner. By inserting a combination of a wedge having a wedge-shaped inclined surface of a split rock machine and a pair of rod-shaped wedge liners arranged on both sides of the wedge into a pilot hole formed in the bedrock, and pushing the wedge into the space between the pair of wedge liners , A wedge rock method that spreads the interval between the wedge liners on both sides by the wedge action, and crushes the rock mass by the pressure, and as the wedge liner, the action surface in contact with the rock mass is divided into a plurality of action sections in the longitudinal direction, The wall thickness of the action section is formed as an inclined surface where the front side is thicker and the rear side is gradually thinner, and the thickness of the front end of the front action section is made thicker than the thickness of the front end of the rear action section, and Using a wedge liner with a short connection that connects the rear end of the front working section and the front end of the rear working section, first the leading edge of the wedge liner In the state in which the action section is inserted into the pilot hole, the part near the opening of the pilot hole is crushed by the action part on the most advanced side, and then the action part on the most advanced side is inserted into the uncollapsed part in the pilot hole. The wedge liner is advanced in such a manner that the uncrushed portion is similarly crushed and the wedge liner is repeatedly advanced and crushed until a final split rock having a desired depth is finally achieved.

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