JPS62285743A - Container for growing, preserving or transporting organism - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention Object of the Invention (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a container for growing, preserving, or transporting living things (hereinafter referred to as growing, etc.). Or it relates to containers for rearing, cultivating, cultivating, preserving, and transporting microorganisms.

That is, the present invention relates to a container for growing organisms whose wall surface has oxygen permeability that allows oxygen from the outside air to be supplied into the container.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, methods for supplying oxygen into a container for growing organisms that require oxygen have involved various methods due to differences in the oxygen demand of the organisms to be grown or differences in the cultivation method. method has been adopted.

For example, some portable live bait bait boxes for anglers that are made of wood have gaps such as the boundary between the housing and the lid that allow air to pass through easily, and the pores in the wood Oxygen is expected to be supplied by the air permeability of the plastic and the outside air that enters through the gaps, and some products made of plastic have many small windows opened in the lid body so that the outside air that enters through the gaps can supply oxygen. I was hoping for a supply of oxygen. Alternatively, there are other methods, especially if the live bait is an aquatic creature and needs to be stored underwater, either by expecting oxygen to dissolve from the water surface, or by forcing it into the water with a portable air pump. Through air, so-called bubbling was performed. It is generally known that the same thing is done for ornamental aquatic animals such as goldfish.

1. However, the above method has one or more of the following problems.

(1) Water or breeding bedding material leaks from gaps or windows.

(2) Live bait escapes through gaps or windows.

(3) Oxygen supply may not be sufficient.

(4) Expensive and unnecessary parts such as pumps are required.

Furthermore, in hydroponic cultivation or hydroponic cultivation (hereinafter collectively referred to as hydroponics) of plants, glass or plastic containers are used as cultivation containers. In such a cultivation method, sufficient oxygen is also required in the water in the container, especially when the plants to be cultivated are seeds with a high oxygen demand. However, if the cultivation container is made of glass or plastic, the only way oxygen can be expected to be supplied is through the permeation of the surface of the water. Either the containers are larger than necessary, the types of plants to be cultivated are limited, or the plants are allowed to grow at a slow rate. Also, if you really want to cultivate it or there are other benefits, for example,
In cultivation at the agricultural production level, a method was adopted in which water was circulated and constantly supplied and discharged as oxygen-rich water to other locations. Although this method has its merits, it not only increases costs because it requires additional equipment such as pumps, but also has the potential to promote disease transmission due to circulation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Therefore, the present invention attempts to solve the problems of conventional techniques such as biological breeding.

To describe the problem to be solved by the present invention in more detail, the present invention provides a new material or form for the container to facilitate the oxygen required by the organisms to be grown in the container. It provides sufficient supplies and means to help organisms grow or reproduce.

Structure of the Invention (Means for Solving Problems) In order to achieve the above objectives, the present inventors have made extensive studies and discovered a surprising fact.

In other words, in order to supply oxygen into a container, it is sufficient to make the material of the wall that makes up the container oxygen permeable and to bring the outer wall into contact with the outside air. Based on the idea that oxygen can be easily supplied into the container by forming a When the transmittance was measured, variations were observed at different levels of order. Therefore, as a result of repeating more detailed experiments to investigate the cause, surprisingly,
Compared to the dry sample, the oxygen permeability of the sample immersed in water was 1/1000 or less, and could not be measured.

Therefore, similar experiments were conducted using a porous material made of a material that does not easily wet with water, and as a result, there was almost no difference in oxygen permeability.

This phenomenon is caused by the fact that bisque is a hydrophilic material, so water penetrates into the pores and fills them, and furthermore, the water becomes structured within the pores, significantly limiting the speed of oxygen penetration. It was assumed that this was caused by

If you think about it this way, you can understand why live bait inside a wooden container, which is said to be air permeable, weakens sooner than expected.

In other words, a porous material made of a hydrophobic resin with connected pores that has water pressure resistance and air permeability that prevents water from seeping or leaking out is formed, and a container with walls made of this material is used to grow organisms. It was discovered that the problems of the prior art could be solved by carrying out the above steps, that is, it was possible to produce a container for growing organisms that could supply sufficient oxygen to the container even when it came into contact with water, leading to the present invention. Ta.

(Specific Description of Configuration) The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the basic form of a bait box 1 for live bait for fishing using the container of the present invention. Alternatively, it is formed of a porous material made of hydrophobic resin having communicating pores 4 that have water pressure resistance and air permeability that do not leak.

Note that FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the casing in the vicinity that comes into contact with water.

When water 5 and live bait 6 are placed in the container and the lid is placed for cultivation, oxygen 7 enters the feeding box 1 from the outside through the wall 8 of the housing 3, i.e., the pores 4 forming the wall. The water 5 and the space 9 are supplied to the feed box, and the water 5 and the space 9 are similarly supplied to the space 9 inside the bait box through the wall 8 of the lid 3. Further, the oxygen supplied to the space is further supplied into the water through the surface of the water 5.

In the vicinity where the casing 2 and the water 5 come into contact, as shown in FIG. Unlike the case of unglazed pottery, where water is at the interface, i.e.
The surface tension on the surface of the inner wall 10 prevents penetration into the pores 4, so that the pores are not filled up. That is, since oxygen 7 permeates through the gas phase, which has a faster diffusion speed than water, within the wall 4, the interface is always maintained in an oxygen-rich state, and as a result, the amount of oxygen supplied to the water is reduced. will also be maintained.

Here, in order to prevent water from penetrating into the pores 4, each factor may be set so that the following relational expression (2) holds true.

That is, the material constituting the inner wall 10 has at least an advancing contact angle greater than 90°, preferably a contact angle of 90°.
A larger resin, that is, a hydrophobic resin 11 such as polystyrene, polystyrene, or Teflon, is used, and the water pressure resistance is set according to the purpose and shape of the bait box 1, and then a suitable one that satisfies the relational expression (2) is used. By forming an inner wall with a pore size, it is possible to produce a feeding box of the present invention, that is, a container for growing, storing, or transporting an organism of the present invention.

--1 Rinji Shiri m-〉1-・-m------・-(2
) d γ: Surface tension of water θ: Contact angle of water with the resin d: The pore diameter P: Water pressure at the interface Note that the water pressure P at the medium chain interface in the relational expression (2) is expressed by the feeding box of the present invention. When the water inside is completely still, this is the pressure indicated by the water column at the height from the lowest point of the inner wall to the water surface inside the housing 2. However, under actual conditions of use, the pressure is the same as when the feeding box is moved. An increase in the water pressure due to the shaking of the water or inertial force, an increase in the water pressure P due to the movement or forced stirring of organisms in the water, that is, live bait, or, if there is a lid, it occurs when the water is crushed. An increase in the internal pressure inside the feeding box occurs,
The required water pressure will be greater than the pressure exhibited by the water column. Therefore, the water pressure needs to be sufficiently higher than the pressure shown by the water column depending on the conditions of use. Here, the water pressure at this time will be referred to as water resistance pressure.

The above water pressure resistance is described for the case that requires the most water pressure resistance, but other cases will be described below.

Regarding the lid body 3, in many cases, the water 5 in the housing 2 simply adheres by splashing or condensing water vapor, and in that case, the water column pressure is almost equal to 0, but the water pressure resistance of the housing mentioned above is Depending on the usage conditions, it is necessary to set a sufficiently high water pressure resistance. The same thing can be said in the case where no water is poured into the housing 2, but only objects with water droplets are poured into the housing 2.

If more oxygen is required, increase the porosity of the material forming the inner wall 10, or increase the porosity of the material forming the inner wall 10.
In particular, the shape of the part of the housing 2 that is in contact with water is
If the structure is such that the surface area of the inner wall 10 is large, that is, the inner wall 10 may be formed with many irregularities, or the inner wall 10 may be shaped like an accordion. Furthermore, due to long-term use, the hydrophobicity of the surface of the inner wall 10 is lost,
Furthermore, if the oxygen permeability of the feeding box 1 is not lost,
By scraping off the inner wall surface with sandpaper or the like, the effects of the present invention can be obtained again.

For the above reasons, it is obvious that the live bait box for fishing shown in FIG. 3 also has the effects of the present invention. That is, the feeding box 1 is composed of a housing 2 and a lid body 3, and the housing further includes a porous body according to the present invention, that is, a communication device having water pressure resistance and air permeability from which water does not seep or leak. an inner wall 10 made of a porous material made of a hydrophobic resin having pores; an outer wall 12 made of a substantially air-impermeable resin; and particles 13 between the inner wall and the outer wall. Alternatively, it is composed of an intermediate layer formed by a space.

Oxygen 7 is supplied from the outside air through an opening 1 provided in a part of the outer wall.
4, through the intermediate layer, and further through the inner wall to enter the feeding box.

Even if the organism does not require drainage in its living environment, if water is present inside the organism, its carcass or excrement may wet the wall surface, and a similar effect may occur. You can expect it.

Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows the basic form of a container 1'' for hydroponic cultivation of plants using the container of the present invention, and the housing 2' is designed to prevent water from seeping or leaking out, similar to the above-mentioned feeding box. It is made of a porous material made of hydrophobic resin having communicating pores 4 with excellent water pressure resistance and air permeability.

When water 5' and plants 6' are put therein for cultivation, oxygen 7' is supplied from the outside air to the water 5' in the cultivation container 1' through the wall 8° of the housing 2°.

That is, oxygen is supplied from all around the water 5'' as in the case of the feeding box described above, and the plants 6'' can obtain sufficient oxygen through the wall for growth. If the container of the invention is used, that is, if a cultivation container with a small pore size is used, the container will be substantially sealed against insects or bacteria, but will allow oxygen to permeate inside, thereby preventing pests and diseases. It is also possible to adopt cultivation methods that are less susceptible to the effects of

In addition, if more oxygen is required, the shape of the housing 2' can be changed to the inner wall 10', as in the case of the feeding box described above.
It is sufficient if the structure has a large surface area. Furthermore, even if the oxygen permeability of the cultivation container is not lost after long-term use, the inner wall surface can be scraped off with sandpaper or the like in the same way as in the case of the feeding box described above, so that the cultivation container can be used again. The effects of the invention can be obtained.

In addition to the above conditions, the amount of oxygen permeation, that is, the permeation area, is an important factor for the present invention to have its effects. The permeation area has a correlation with the porosity of the inner wall.

However, the amount of oxygen required cannot be determined unconditionally depending on the organism being grown or the conditions of use. Moreover, since the amount of oxygen permeation also changes depending on the structure of the inner wall of the container and the usage conditions of the container, it is not possible to strictly set the range of the porosity ε of the pores. However, preferably, the effect of the present invention can be expected if the porosity satisfies the following relational expression. That is, the transmission area ε×Aε
However, it is better that the porosity is larger than 5% of the total inner wall surface area of the container, and the porosity ε is preferably smaller than 80% in consideration of the strength of the container.

0.8〉ε〉-view-m5x people 0----(1) A ε Aε: total area of the inner wall material Ao: total surface area of the inner wall of the container. For the sake of clarity and simplicity, the present invention is described using examples of some container forms that can be effectively utilized, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For example, although it is generally preferable for the container to have enough strength to maintain its shape, it is not outside the scope of the present invention even if the container is formed into a bag shape from a flexible material.

(Examples) The present invention will be described in more detail below based on Examples.

Example 1 In FIG. 1, the feeding box 1, that is, the housing 2 and the lid 3 are made of polypropylene resin mixed with 150 parts by weight of liquid paraffin, and the liquid paraffin is extracted with trichlorotrifluoroethane. As a result, a feeding box was fabricated using a porous material made of hydrophobic resin and having communicating pores 4 with water pressure resistance and air permeability from which water does not seep or leak. The dimensions of the feeding box 1 are 5cm long.
, consisting of a casing 2 with a width of 10 cm, a height of 4 cm, and an average wall thickness of 1 mm, and a lid body 3 with a length of 5 cm, a width of 10 cm, a height of 1 cm, and an average wall thickness of 1 mm, the lid body 3 and the casing. The body 2 has a structure that can be sealed by inserting a gasket 15 in between. In addition, when the water pressure resistance of the feeding box 1 was measured, it was 5k.
g/cm" or more.

In addition, as Comparative Example 1, a bait box with the same shape as the feeding box was formed from polypropylene resin alone and compared. In addition, as another comparative example, ie, Comparative Example 2, a commercially available wooden bait box was used.

In this, there are 10 live baits for fishing, such as small insects (larvae of the mayfly larva) that live in clear streams, such as dace, yamame trout, and char, as live bait 6, and 6 tons of the live bait! - Pour the collected river water 5 to a depth of 2 cm, cover with a lid, and store in a cool and well-ventilated place. As a result, the chiyoru insects of Comparative Example 1 lost their vigor in 30 minutes, while those of Example 1 took 3 hours to regain the same level of vigor. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, although it took 2 hours, water leaked during transportation.

The porosity and maximum pore diameter of the feeding box 1 were estimated to be 61% and 0.8 μm, respectively, through an experiment conducted separately.

Example 2 FIG. 5 shows a cultivation container 1' used in a seed germination experiment. The casing 2' was formed of a Teflon sintered body, which is a porous material of hydrophobic resin, having continuous pores with a pore diameter of 10 μm. The cultivation container 1' has an inner diameter of 15.8 m.
It had a test tube shape with mφ and length of 165 mm, and the wall 8' had a wall thickness of 0.7 mm. In addition, the water pressure resistance of the cultivation container 1' was measured and was found to be 5 kg/cm" or more. As Comparative Example 3, a glass test tube of approximately the same size was used.

25 ml of water was placed in the cultivation container 1', and morning glory seeds were placed therein as the plant 6'.

All of the seeds remained sunk to the bottom of the 1° cultivation container. This was left in a dark place for 5 days. As a result, within the cultivation container 1'' of the present invention, the germination rate of the seeds, that is,
In 70% of the seeds, obvious root elongation was observed, and even in the seeds that did not germinate, no significant swelling tendency was observed, whereas in the comparative examples, the seeds swelled significantly and even burst. Or, water mold grew and the seeds did not germinate at all.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention has been applied to the case where organisms are grown in containers, especially those that require drainage in the environment in which they are grown. The weakening or death of the organisms due to lack of oxygen in the container can be reduced by supplying oxygen from around the container.

Furthermore, even for organisms that do not require water in their living environment, the aforementioned poor growth of organisms caused by moisture in carcasses or excreta of the organisms to be grown can be reduced. Furthermore, when the hydrophobicity of the inner wall surface is lost and the oxygen permeability of the container is lost, the oxygen permeability of the container can be regained by scraping the inner wall surface.

Further, by utilizing the effects of the present invention, the container can be made into a container form that does not require water leakage or escape of the cultivated organisms, that is, does not require gaps or windows, and furthermore, can be made into a container form that does not require gaps or windows. It can be in a form that can prevent bacterial contamination caused by the environment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the basic form of a bait box for live bait for fishing using the container of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the housing of the container in the vicinity of where water comes into contact. FIG. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another form of a bait box for live bait for fishing using the container of the present invention. Furthermore, FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the basic form of a container for hydroponic cultivation of plants using the container of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a cultivation container used in a seed germination experiment. . 1: Feeding box 9: Space 2: Housing 10: Inner wall 3: M body 11: Hydrophobic resin 4: Pore
12: Outer wall 5: Water 13: Granules 6: Live bait 14: Opening 7: Oxygen 15: Packing 8: Wall

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) At least a portion of the inner wall is provided with a porous material formed of a hydrophobic resin and having communicating pores that has water pressure resistance and air permeability from which water does not seep or leak. A container for growing, preserving, or transporting living things, characterized by having the following characteristics: (2) For growing, preserving, or transporting living things as set forth in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the inner wall is always in contact with water during normal use of the container. container. (3) A container for growing, preserving, or transporting living things according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner wall also serves as part or all of the outer wall of the container. (4) The outer wall, which is located outside the inner wall and forms the wall of the container together with the inner wall, is configured such that outside air can be easily introduced into the outer surface of the inner wall or the outer interface of the inner wall. A container for growing, preserving, or transporting an organism according to claim 1 or 2. (5) the container is composed of a casing and a lid;
A container for growing, preserving, or transporting living organisms according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner wall is an inner wall of a housing. (6) the container is composed of a casing and a lid;
5. A container for growing, preserving, or transporting living organisms according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner wall is an inner wall of a lid. (7) Cultivation and preservation of living organisms according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner wall or the material constituting the inner wall and outer wall of the container is flexible and has a bag shape. Or a shipping container. (8) The water pressure resistance of the inner wall is sufficiently larger than the water column pressure at the height from the lowest limit of the inner wall to the entrance of the casing, according to claims 1 to 5 and 7. A container for growing, preserving, or transporting the organisms described in . (9) The cultivation, preservation, or transportation of living organisms according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the porosity ε of the material constituting the inner wall can be expressed by the following relational expression. container. 0.8>ε>(0.05×A_0)/A_ε...(1)
A_ε: Total surface area of the inner wall material A_0: Total inner wall surface area of the container (10) For growing, preserving, or transporting an organism according to claims 1 to 9, wherein the organism is an animal. container. (11) A container for growing, preserving, or transporting living things according to claim 10, wherein the container is a bait box for fishing. (12) A container for growing, preserving, or transporting an organism according to claims 1 to 5 and 8 or 9, wherein the organism is a plant. (13) The container for growing, preserving, or transporting living organisms according to claim 12, wherein the container is a container for hydroponic cultivation or hydroponic cultivation.