JPS62282216A - Method and apparatus for inspecting tooth shape and tooth trace errors of gear - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To evaluate a tooth shape or tooth trace error curve accurately and simply, by automatically calculating an average tooth shape curve or an average tooth trace curve. CONSTITUTION:This apparatus is constituted of a digitizer consisting of a keyboard 2, a planning data input means 4 and an error curve data input means 5 and an operation control means 6. A regression curve is calculated from the planning tooth shape curve or planning tooth trace curve inputted by a planning data input means 4 according to the least squares method by the operation control means 6 and a regression line is calculated from the actual tooth shape error curve or tooth trace error curve inputted by an error curve data input means 5 according to the least squares method. Next, the coordinates conversion of the planning tooth shape curve or planning tooth trace curve is performed so that both regression lines coincide to automatically calculate an average tooth shape curve or average tooth trace curve. Subsequently, the actual tooth shape error curve or tooth trace error curve can be evaluated on the basis of the average tooth shape curve or average tooth trace curve.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method for inspecting gear tooth profile and tooth trace errors, and an inspection apparatus therefor.

(Prior art) Gear tooth profile and tooth trace error measuring devices measure the difference between the theoretically correct inlute tooth profile curve and the actual tooth profile curve, and the difference between the theoretical tooth trace curve and the actual tooth trace curve. is detected and displayed as a tooth profile error curve or a tooth trace error curve.Inspection methods and inspection standards are used when performing so-called inspections such as distinguishing between good and bad gears and determining grades using this error curve. is determined separately. For example, JIS standard 8
In step 1702, as shown in FIG. 10, for the tooth profile inspection No. 4 e of the measured tooth profile error curve a, the maximum value of the error on the positive (+) side and the negative (- ) side is defined as the tooth profile error E, and the gear grade is determined by this tooth profile error E.

Note that if there is a pressure angle error on the tooth surface, the tooth profile error curve a will be inclined with respect to the reference line S, so the tooth profile error curve a will have an average straight line m.
The pressure angle error is determined by subtracting the value and calculating the slope. This inspection method assumes that the reference tooth profile is a theoretically accurate involute tooth profile, so the reference line S and the average direct tlAm
is a straight line.

On the other hand, with recent advances in gear engineering, a modified tooth profile, which is a modified regular involute tooth profile, has come to be used as a design tooth profile.Since the design tooth profile is arbitrarily determined depending on the gear's purpose and specifications, there are a wide variety of design tooth profiles. A modified tooth profile pattern is used.

Moreover, the shape of the modified tooth profile is given as a diagram of a modification pattern for a regular involute tooth profile, as shown in FIG. 11, but is not given as a mathematical formula.

In this way, when the designed tooth profile is an arbitrary shape with external pressure applied to an involute, the Gino method, which compares the actual tooth profile with the designed tooth profile and determines the tooth profile error of the actual gear, is not specified in the JIs standard (nor in the ISO standard). still under consideration).

In addition, in the DIN standard, as shown in Fig. 12, the actual tooth profile error order curve a, which is defined as the design tooth profile surface 'lid and 1m11, is
Shift or rotate the design tooth profile curve d on the paper so that the difference is minimized to draw an average tooth profile curve m, and move the average tooth profile PAm in the y-axis direction based on the average tooth profile curve m. The interval between when the tooth profile error curve a touches the most (+) side and when it touches the most (-) side is the tooth profile error '
fa, the difference in the y-axis direction of the average tooth profile curve m is determined by the pressure angle error f, and the tooth profile error Fα is defined as Fα-570fJ.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the most difficult problem in practice with the above-mentioned DIN standard method is determining the average tooth profile curve m. D
The IN standard also does not specify a specific method.

Therefore, on the recording paper on which the actual chevron error curve a is drawn, set i +! Transparent sheets of paper on which I-shaped curves d were drawn were stacked together, and the inspector compared the actual tooth profile error curve a with the designed tooth profile curve d8 by appropriately subtracting it to determine the average tooth profile curve m.

Therefore, the subjectivity of the examiner is involved in determining the average tooth profile curve, and there are large individual differences, making it impossible to conduct a reliable examination and, moreover, requiring much time and effort.

The above description also applies to tooth trace errors in exactly the same way.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to accurately and easily obtain an average tooth profile curve or an average tooth trace curve, and to calculate a tooth profile error curve based on the accurate average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve. Or an inspection method that evaluates the tooth trace error curve, and automatically obtains the average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve accurately, and evaluates the tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve based on the average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve. The purpose is to provide inspection equipment for

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) The method for inspecting gear tooth profile and tooth trace errors of the present invention calculates a regression line that applies to the design shape from design data that defines the design shape of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected. A regression line that applies to the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected is determined by the least squares method, and the regression line of the above designed tooth profile curve or designed tooth trace curve and the above When the plane containing the designed tooth profile curve or designed tooth trace curve is moved or rotated so as to match the regression line of the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve, the average tooth profile A curve or an average tooth trace curve, and the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve is evaluated based on this average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve.

The gear tooth profile and tooth trace error inspection device of the present invention includes a design data input means 4 for inputting design data defining the design shape of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected, and Error curve data input means 5 for inputting data of an actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve, and a regression line of the tooth profile curve or designed tooth trace curve and the error curve inputted by the design data input means 4; The regression line of the actual tooth profile error curve or the tooth trace error curve inputted by the data input means 5 is obtained by the least squares method, and the design tooth profile curve or the designed tooth trace curve is calculated so that the regression lines coincide with each other. An operation in which an average tooth profile curve or an average tooth trace curve is obtained by performing linear coordinate transformation, and an actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve is evaluated based on the average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve.
1 '60 means 6.

(Function) Method for inspecting gear tooth profile and tooth trace errors of the present invention 1U;
A regression line is determined by the least squares method from the stepped tooth profile curve or the tooth trace curve, and a regression line is determined by the least squares method from the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve. Perform coordinate transformation of another tooth profile curve or set tooth trace curve to obtain an average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve, and evaluate the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve based on this average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve. It was designed to do so.

The gear tooth profile and tooth trace error inspection device of the present invention uses the arithmetic control means 6 to calculate a regression line by the least squares method from the stepped tooth profile curve or the designed tooth trace curve inputted by the design data input means 4. Error curve data input means 5
A regression line is determined by the least squares method from the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve input in Automatically obtain the tooth profile curve or average tooth lead curve, and then evaluate the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth lead error curve based on this average tooth profile curve or average tooth lead curve! It is a ζ thing.

(Example) Hereinafter, the configuration of an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The block diagram of FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the inspection device, which is composed of a computer system 1, a keyboard 2 and a digitizer "3" connected to the computer system 1, and the keyboard 2 or digitizer "3"
A design data input means 4 for inputting installation 1 data that defines the design shape of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the tooth FtJ to be inspected; The computer system 1 is configured as an input means 5 for inputting error curve data, and is configured as a mesh control means 6 for planning a tooth profile error curve or a tooth trace error curve by performing a mesh test based on each data inputted by the computer system 1. Ru.

Next, an inspection method using this inspection device will be explained regarding the tooth profile of a gear.

Design tooth profile surface 8d that defines the design shape of the tooth profile of the gear to be inspected
The figure is digitized by a digitizer 3 and inputted into the computer system 1 as a fi value (as shown in FIG. 2).

The computer system 1 calculates the regression MI that applies to the tooth profile curve d in the configuration 51! JLd @@ Calculated based on a program using the small double method (shown in Figure 2).

In addition, the tooth profile error curve a drawn on a recording paper by measuring the chevron shape of the gear to be inspected using a general 1-to-11 measuring machine is input into the computer system 1 as coordinate values digitized by a digitizer 3 ( (shown in Figure 3).

The computer system 1 calculates a regression line 1a that applies to the tooth profile error curve a based on a program using the least squares method. The coordinate transformation values (parallel displacement in the y-axis direction and rotation angle) of the regression line 1d necessary to match La are determined.

Set the tooth shape based on the values of the coordinate transformation I! The coordinates of d are transformed, and the designed tooth profile curve d of the transformed coordinates is stored as an average tooth profile curve m (as shown in FIG. 4).

The average tooth profile curve m obtained in this way is translated in the y-axis direction, and the interval between the case where the tooth profile error curve a touches the most (edge side) and the case where it touches the most (-) side is calculated as the tooth profile error curve ff.
a (shown in Figure 5).

Regression line Ld and regression line 1. The difference in the slope of a is determined as the pressure angle error fya (shown in FIG. 6).

Then, the tooth profile error Fα is calculated as Fα='fa'''I'a''-, and the tooth profile is evaluated based on the magnitude of this tooth profile error Fα, and the quality of the gear is inspected.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart 1- of the program of the computer system 1 for determining the above-mentioned average tooth profile curve m.

Perform initial settings, determine whether it is a modified tooth profile,
If YES, set C-Q, d-〇; if No, input design tooth profile data to set (xi, yi) (i=1
~n>, the regression line is calculated and d is determined from the following equation.

y=cx+d Next, input the data of the tooth profile error curve (xi, y
i ) (i = 1 to n), the regression straight 4% l l-a is determined from the following equation.

y=ax+b Next, the amount of parallel movement δ in the y-axis direction and the rotation angle O of the regression line Ld necessary for superimposing the regression line d on the regression line 1a are determined.

Next, the average tooth profile l! Calculate the coordinates of i1m by 51. This is calculated by rotating the coordinates (Xi, OO(Xi)) of the designed tooth profile curve d by θ and translating the coordinates (xi', Q(xi')) of the average tooth profile 11m by δ in the y-axis direction. Calculate 1, x i
' =xi cosa + qo(xi) sinθ
g(xi')=-xi sin θ-← g O(xi)
CO3θ-t 6 Although the tooth profile error has been described above, the same applies to the tooth trace error.

In addition, when the designed tooth profile curve d and the tooth profile error curve a are given as coordinate value data, they can be input directly from the keyboard 2 without using the digital tie 'f3 as in the above embodiment.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the voltage or current (which is proportional to the tooth profile error measured by the analog tooth profile measuring device 7) is sampled at regular sampling intervals by the A-[) converter 8. It is also possible to digitize it and directly input it into the computer system 1 and store it. In this case, it is possible to save the effort of inputting the tooth profile error curve measured as in the above embodiment using the digitizer 3. .

In this case, the tooth profile measuring device 7 and the eight-point converter 8 are depicted as the error curve data input means 5.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case of an all-definition in which a computer is provided to measure the tooth surface of a gear for automatic fishing, the computer system shown in each of the embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 8 above can be used. By sharing input devices, it is possible to provide both a measurement function and an inspection transport surface. This measuring device was proposed by the applicant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-15030).
4), which includes an A/D axis detector 13 that detects the movement of the measuring stylus 12 in contact with the measuring gear 11, and a θ-axis rotary encoder 1 that detects the rotation angle of the measuring gear 11.
4. Axial linear encoder 15 for detecting the axial movement 3 of the measuring gear 11; T-axis linear encoder 16 for detecting the tangential movement of the measuring gear 11; R-axis linear encoder 17 to detect
The digital signal from the C
It is input to P U 19, and from this CPU 19 via interface 18 and servo drive device 20, θ axis servo motor 21, △1 servo motor 22
, T-axis servo motor 23, and R@servo motor 24 are driven. In addition, C o U 19 has an X-Y plotter 2
5. Data typewriter 26, floppy disk 27
, doublet 28 are connected.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a regression line is determined by the least squares method from the set 84 tooth profile curve or (I) 51 south trace curve, and a regression line is determined by the least squares method from the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error overture, paralysis. , the average tooth profile curve or the average tooth trace curve is obtained by performing coordinate transformation of the stepped tooth profile curve or the set tooth trace curve so that both regression lines match.
The average tooth profile curve or average tooth lead curve can be accurately and easily determined, and the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth lead error curve can be inspected based on this average tooth profile curve or average tooth lead curve to evaluate it. This eliminates the skill level and individual differences among inspectors, allowing for easy and hassle-free inspections.

Furthermore, since the arithmetic control means automatically obtains the 11 uniform tooth oil profile or average tooth trace curve, the inspection time is quick and the inspection does not require much effort.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the method and apparatus for inspecting gear tooth profile and tooth trace πl difference according to the present invention, Figs. 2 to 6 are explanatory diagrams showing its operation, and Fig. 7 is A flowchart of the program, FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing tooth profile error in a gear with an involute tooth profile. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a modified tooth profile pattern, and FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a tooth profile error in a gear with a modified tooth profile. 4. Design data input means, 5. Error curve data input means, 6. Calculation control means. Sashidori

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) From the design data that defines the design shape of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected, find a regression line that applies to the design shape by the least squares method, and calculate the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected. A regression line that applies to the tooth profile error curve is determined by the least squares method, and the designed tooth profile curve is created so that the regression line of the designed tooth profile curve or designed tooth trace curve matches the regression line of the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve. Or, when the plane containing the designed tooth trace curve is moved or rotated, the designed tooth profile curve or the designed tooth trace curve is set as the average tooth profile curve or the average tooth trace curve,
A method for inspecting gear tooth profile and tooth trace errors, which comprises evaluating an actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve based on this average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve. (2) A design data input means for inputting design data defining the design shape of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected, and data of the actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve of the tooth profile or tooth trace of the gear to be inspected. An error curve data input means to be input; a regression line of the designed tooth profile curve or designed tooth trace curve input by the design data input means; and an actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace input by the error curve data input means. Find the regression line of each error curve by the least squares method, perform coordinate transformation of the regression line of the designed tooth profile curve or the designed tooth trace curve so that both regression lines match, and find the average tooth profile curve or the average tooth trace curve. A gear tooth profile and tooth trace error inspection device comprising: arithmetic control means for evaluating an actual tooth profile error curve or tooth trace error curve based on the average tooth profile curve or average tooth trace curve; .