JPS62280493A - Method and device for lining tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention] (Technical Field) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for lining the inside of a tunnel with cast-in-place concrete.

(Prior Art) One method of lining the inner surface of a tunnel excavated by a shield tunnel excavator is to assemble segments made of steel or precast concrete along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel.

However, this conventional method is expensive because the cost of manufacturing and transporting the segments is high, and transporting and assembling the segments requires a lot of manpower and time.

Another lining method is to place formwork inside the excavated tunnel at a distance from the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel, and
A closing body is arranged in front of the formwork to close the opening of the space between the formwork and the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel, and a casting space defined by the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel, the formwork, and the closing body. At the same time, the reaction force for propelling the shield tunnel excavator is applied to the closing body, and the closing body is pushed backward in the axial direction of the tunnel, and after the poured concrete solidifies and becomes self-supporting, Move the closing body forward,
There is a lining method that solves the problems of the above-mentioned conventional method for forming the next concrete pouring space.

However, concrete mixed with cement, aggregate, and water generally contains a large amount of excess water that is unnecessary for the concrete's hydration reaction in order to give it fluidity. This method has the drawback that the time required is long, and therefore the timing of moving the closing body forward in the axial direction of the tunnel in order to form a casting space for the next concrete is restricted, resulting in a long construction period. That is, if the closing body is moved forward while the poured concrete, that is, the poured concrete is not self-supporting, the poured concrete will flow forward, making it impossible to obtain a lining with a predetermined thickness. This in turn causes ground subsidence. Furthermore, in this case, the pressure applied to the poured concrete by the closing body is released, so that the strength of the obtained lining is reduced.

Furthermore, in the conventional method using a closure, the poured concrete and the closure come into contact, and the periphery of this contact surface is defined by the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel and the formwork, so the closure is moved forward. Negative pressure is applied to the poured concrete when it is moved to the concrete, which causes the freestanding poured concrete to collapse.

(Objective of the Invention) The present invention is capable of accelerating the self-supporting of concrete and shortening the construction period by promoting the development of initial strength of the end face of poured concrete, and at the same time reducing the negative pressure applied to the end face of concrete. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for lining a tunnel.

(Structure of the Invention) The lining method of the present invention opens the formwork in the axial direction forward of the excavated tunnel and forms a space for placing lining concrete along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. A filter is disposed at a distance from the inner peripheral surface of the concrete, and a filter is provided on the side of the pouring space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but prevents the passage of the concrete. At least one annular closure for guiding excess water from the filter out of the casting space is disposed in the opening so as to be movable in the axial direction of the tunnel to close the opening. Then, the concrete is poured into the pouring space, and then, before the concrete sets, the closing body is pressed rearward in the axial direction of the tunnel.

In another lining method of the present invention, while pressing the closing body backward in the axial direction of the tunnel, excess water coming out of the concrete is discharged through the filter and the passageway to the outside of the pouring space. It is characterized by being attracted to.

The lining device of the present invention includes a formwork, and a space for placing lining concrete that opens forward in the axial direction of the excavated tunnel and extends along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. and a filter on the side of the pouring space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but prevents the excess water from passing through the concrete. an annular closing body disposed movably in the axial direction of the tunnel to close the opening and having at least one passage for guiding excess water from the filter to the outside of the pouring space; , means for pressing the closure body axially rearwardly of the tunnel.

Another lining device of the present invention further includes a discharger that sucks the surplus water coming out of the concrete out of the pouring space through the filter and the passage.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, poured concrete is subjected to compressive force by the closing body. As a result, excess water and air coming out of the poured concrete are removed to the outside of the pouring space through the filter and passage. Therefore, according to the present invention, the initial strength of the concrete surface develops quickly, and the poured concrete sets early. Further, since the concrete placement space and the outside are communicated with each other through the passage, the negative pressure applied to the surface of the poured concrete is reduced.

In the present invention, the poured concrete is subjected to compressive force by the closing body, and excess water is forcibly discharged by the drainer. As a result, excess water in the poured concrete is removed more quickly by the compressive force and suction force. Therefore, according to the present invention, the initial strength of the concrete surface is developed more quickly, and the poured concrete becomes self-supporting more quickly.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described below.

The lining device 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 lines the inner peripheral surface of a tunnel 14 excavated by a shield tunnel excavator 12 with cast-in-place concrete. The shield tunnel excavator 12 moves the shield "body 16" to a plurality of propulsion jacks 1 while rotating a cutter (not shown).
This is a known device that is advanced by 8, and detailed description thereof will be omitted here.

The lining device 10 includes a formwork assembly 20, and the formwork assembly 2
0 includes a plurality of formworks 22. Each formwork 22 includes a plurality of form members 24a, one of which is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
, 24b, 24c.

24d is framed into a rectangle to form a frame 24, and a rectangular face plate 26 is fixed to one side of the frame 24 by a plurality of screws 30 screwed into screw holes 28 of the frame 24.

A plurality of drain holes 34 are formed in the face plate 26 so as to pass through the face plate 26 in its thickness direction. It is desirable that a packing 36 be disposed on the outer periphery of the frame 24 in each form 22 in order to maintain liquid tightness between adjacent forms 22 when assembled as described below.

A filter 32 is provided on the opposite side of the face plate 26 from the frame 24.
is removably supported by screws 30 and a plurality of fasteners 38. The filter 32 is made of woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, felt, etc., and allows the passage of excess water that is unnecessary for the hydration reaction in concrete for lining, but removes excess water from the concrete, that is, water, cement, and aggregate. The passage of concrete consisting of this material will be blocked.

In the present invention, "allowing excess water to pass through the concrete, but preventing the passage of the concrete" means allowing the passage of cement particles and other fine particles that exude from uncured concrete along with the excess water, but This means that after the excess water has drained out, concrete, that is, cement, water necessary for hydration of the cement, and bound particles consisting of aggregate, etc., are not allowed to pass through.

In the illustrated example, the fastener 38 includes a port 40 that penetrates the filter 32 and the face plate 26 from the filter 32 side to the frame 24 side, and a butterfly screwed into the port, one of which is shown in FIG. It consists of a screw 42. However, the filter 32 may be removably attached to the faceplate 26 by other fasteners, such as rivets, or by other means, such as adhesives.

At least one formwork 22 has an injection port 44 for pouring concrete, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6.
A cap 46 for opening and closing the injection port is removably attached to the injection port 44.

A plate member 50 defining a space 48 together with the filter 32 and the face plate 26 is arranged in each section defined by the respective shapes 24a, 24b, 24c, and 24d. Each plate member 50 is formed by a plurality of angle members 52 to form a shape member 24a.
, 24b, 24c.

IJ)' *Shapes 24c and 24d
is provided with a plurality of holes 54 that allow the spaces 48 partitioned by these to communicate with each other. A connection hole 56 is formed in one plate member 50, and a hose 58 communicating with the space 48 is fitted into the connection hole 56. Note that the space 48 does not need to be formed.

Although not shown, each formwork 22 is curved so that the center portion in the width direction becomes an arcuate surface that projects toward the filter 32 side.

The formwork 22 has a plurality of ports shown in FIG. 9 such that its filter 32 faces the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel 14 as shown in FIG. 60 and nuts 62, the two tunnels 14 are assembled into a coaxial cylindrical body.

As shown in FIG. 1, the formwork assembly 20 is constructed by interconnecting a plurality of the cylindrical bodies (three in the illustrated example) with a plurality of ports 64 and nuts 66 shown in FIG. are assembled into a cylindrical shape with an axial length of, for example, 2 to 3 m. The formwork assembly 20 assembled in this manner has its rear portion supported by hardened concrete, that is, the cover 4, and its front portion supported by a closure body 76, which will be described later.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the formwork assembly 20 is assembled as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the profile members 24a, 24b of adjacent formworks 22 are in contact with each other.
A hole 68 is formed in the hole 68 to allow the spaces 48 of adjacent formworks 22 to communicate with each other.

By arranging the formwork assembly 20 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a concrete placement space 72 is formed between the formwork assembly 20 and the ground 70. As shown in FIG. 1, the pouring space 72 opens toward the front of the tunnel 14 in the axial direction.

On the other hand, the rear part of the casting space 72 in the axial direction is closed off by solidified concrete, that is, the existing ring F4. The opening is closed in a liquid-tight manner by an annular closure 76 which is movable in the axial direction of the tunnel 14.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the closure body 76 has the shape of a hollow rectangular cylindrical ring. The plate portion 76a of the closing body 76 disposed on the side of the casting space 72 has the closing body 7
A plurality of drainage holes 78 are formed to communicate with the hollow portion 78 of 6 and the outside, and a plate portion 76 opposite to the plate portion 76a is formed.
b is provided with at least one six 82 at a location located at the bottom of the tunnel 14.

A filter 84 is provided on the side of the casting space 72 of the plate portion 76a. Similar to the filter 32 of the formwork assembly 20, the filter 84 is made of woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, felt, etc., and allows passage of excess water unnecessary for the water utilization reaction in concrete for lining. However, it has the function of preventing the concrete from passing through. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the filter 84 is removably attached to the side plate portions 76c and 76d of the closure body 76 by screws 86.
Other fasteners, such as rivets, or other means, such as adhesives, may be used to removably attach the closure 76.

The filter 84 has an outer layer tissue 84 as shown in FIG.
It is preferable to use a double-structure woven fabric in which the inner layer tissue 84a and the inner layer tissue 84b are interconnected by the connective tissue 84c.In this case, the gap between the two tissues 84a and 84b functions as a drain for excess water and air. Therefore, excess water and air can be discharged from the entire surface of the filter. Additionally, the inner layer tissue 84b can be attached to the plate portion 76a using an adhesive 84d. Note that the filter 32 is also preferably made of a double-structured woven fabric as shown in FIG.

The filter 32.84 may be one that allows fine particles of cement in the concrete to pass through as long as it does not affect the properties of the hardened concrete, but a filter that allows a large amount of cement particles to pass through may be used. So,
In addition to affecting the said properties, the filter must be replaced every time it is lined, as the spilled cement particles will stick to the filter and congeal, and the filter will be bonded to the congealed concrete, so the filter 32.8
4 is preferably one that does not allow cement particles in concrete to pass through as much as possible.

During lining, first, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the formwork assembly 20 is assembled and placed so that the filter 32 faces outward, that is, on the side of the wall of the excavated tunnel 14, and then the formwork assembly 20 is closed. A body 76 is placed. Closing body 76
may be placed either before or after the formwork assembly 20 is placed, or may be placed simultaneously with the formwork assembly.

However, if the closing body 76 is attached to and supported by the propelling jack 18, and the closing body 76 is first placed by the propelling jack 18 during lining work, and the formwork assembly 20 is placed first, then the formwork assembly 20 can be At the time of arrangement, the distance between the formwork assembly 20 and the wall surface of the tunnel 14 can be defined by the ring F4 and the closing body 76, and the formwork assembly 20 can be defined by the ring F4 and the closing body 76.
The mold assembly can be assembled while being supported by the closing body 78, and the assembly work of the formwork assembly is facilitated.

Next, the cap 46 is removed, concrete 88 is poured from the injection port 44 into the pouring space 72, and the pouring hole 44 is closed by the cap 46 as the pouring space 72 is filled with concrete 88.Next, the propulsion jack 18 By pressing the closing body 76 backward in the axial direction of the tunnel 14, compressive force is applied to the poured concrete 88.

Note that the excavation work by the shield tunnel excavation fi12 may be performed while applying compressive force to the concrete 88, or may be temporarily interrupted until the poured concrete 88 hardens to a predetermined strength.

The concrete 88 is subjected to a compressive force by the closure 76 after being poured. As a result, excess water in the concrete 88 is quickly removed by the compressive force, so that the surface of the concrete 88 quickly becomes self-supporting. Moreover, since the closing body 76 has the drain hole 80, when the closing body 76 is moved forward, the negative pressure applied to the poured concrete is reduced.

, E, the use of formwork assemblies and closures with filters 32.84 allows the concrete to set faster, since the excess water and air coming out of the concrete 88 are removed from the surface of the concrete 88. The concrete stands on its own quickly, the surface of the resulting lining is beautiful and dense, and the surface has high mechanical strength.

Excess water flowing into the space 48 of the formwork 22 is removed via the hose 58, and excess water flowing into the hollow 78 of the closure 76 is removed via the hose 682.

The lining device 90 shown in FIG.
A drainer 92 is provided for forcibly removing excess water flowing out into the drain. The discharge @ 92 connects a gas-liquid separator 94 that separates gas and liquid to the hollow part 78 of the closure body 7 through a hose 96, and connects an exhaust pump 98 such as a vacuum pump to the hose 1.
Connected to gas/liquid component #@94 by 00. Note that in this device 90, the hole 82 is not provided in the closure body 76.

The ejector 92 is operated for a certain period of time after the concrete 88 is placed, and the excess water in the closure body 76 is pumped to the evacuation pump 98.
The gas-liquid separator 9 passes through the gas-liquid separator 94 together with the air.
4, and separated into gas and liquid by a gas-liquid separator 94,
The separated gas is exhausted from the exhaust pump 98. Therefore, not only the excess water in the closing body 76 is quickly removed, but also the pouring space 7? Since negative pressure is applied by the exhaust pump 98 to the concrete 88, excess water in the concrete 88 is sucked and is quickly removed through the filter 84 and the drain hole 80. In the case of the lining device 90 as well, gas in the concrete is discharged together with excess water.

Note that the hose 58 of the formwork assembly 20 is also connected to the hose 96 or the gas-liquid separator 94 to separate the space 48 of the formwork assembly 20.
Excess water and gas flowing into the interior may also be forcibly sucked in. In this case, it is desirable that the space 48 is a sealed space. It may be a formwork.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the lining device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along 2-2m in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of the formwork of the formwork assembly.
Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the installed state of the filter, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged concrete injection port, Figure 7 is a front view of the closing body, Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 in Figure 7, and Figure 9 is an enlarged view of the connecting part of the formwork adjacent to the opening direction of the tunnel. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing the connecting part of the formwork adjacent in the axial direction of the tunnel, FIG. 11 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of the filter, and FIG. 12 is the lining device. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the invention. 10.90: Lining device, 12: Shield tunnel excavator, 14: Tunnel, 18: Propulsion jack, 20: Formwork assembly, 60, 64: Port, 62, 66: Nut, 72: Casting space. 76: Closed body, 80: Drain hole. 84: Filter, 84a: Outer layer tissue. 84b-inner tissue, 84c: connective tissue, 90: ejector. Agent Patent Attorney Nobuyuki Matsunaga Figure 2 Figure 5 Figure 7 Part 8/bd ljb Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) The formwork is opened at the front in the axial direction of the excavated tunnel and placed at a distance from the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel to form a space for placing lining concrete along the inner peripheral surface. At the same time, a filter is provided on the side of the casting space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but blocks the passage of the concrete, and the excess water coming out of the concrete is passed from the filter to the casting space. an annular closure having at least one passage guiding the outside;
The opening is movably disposed in the opening in the axial direction of the tunnel in order to close the opening, and then the concrete is placed in the pouring space, and then, before the concrete sets, the closing body is moved in the axial direction of the tunnel. A tunnel lining method characterized by pressing in a backward direction. (2) The formwork is opened at the front in the axial direction of the excavated tunnel and placed at a distance from the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel to form a space for placing lining concrete along the inner peripheral surface. At the same time, a filter is provided on the side of the casting space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but blocks the passage of the concrete, and the excess water coming out of the concrete is passed from the filter to the casting space. an annular closure having at least one passage guiding the outside;
The opening is movably disposed in the opening in the axial direction of the tunnel in order to close the opening, and then the concrete is placed in the pouring space, and then, before the concrete sets, the closing body is moved in the axial direction of the tunnel. A method for lining a tunnel, which comprises sucking surplus water coming out of the concrete by a drainer while pressing the concrete in a backward direction to the outside of the pouring space through the filter and the passage. (3) The formwork is moved from the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel to form a space for placing lining concrete that opens toward the front in the axial direction of the excavated tunnel and runs along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. means for supporting at spaced positions, and a filter on the side of the pouring space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but prevents the passage of the concrete, and also includes a filter that allows excess water coming out of the concrete to pass through the concrete. an annular closing body having at least one passage guiding the filter out of the casting space and disposed in the opening so as to be movable in the axial direction of the tunnel to close the opening; and means for pressing the tunnel axially rearward. (4) The tunnel lining method according to claim (3), wherein the filter is a woven fabric in which an outer layer tissue and an inner layer tissue are bonded to each other by connective tissue. (5) The tunnel lining device according to claim (3), wherein the passage is a hole penetrating from the filter side of the closing body to the opposite side of the filter. (6) The formwork is moved from the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel to define a space for placing lining concrete that opens toward the front in the axial direction of the excavated tunnel and runs along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel. means for supporting at spaced positions, and a filter on the side of the pouring space that allows excess water to pass through the concrete but prevents the passage of the concrete, and also includes a filter that allows excess water coming out of the concrete to pass through the concrete. an annular closure having at least one passage leading from the filter out of the casting space and disposed in the opening so as to be movable in the axial direction of the tunnel to close the opening;
a means for pressing the closing body backward in the axial direction of the tunnel; and a drain for sucking the surplus water coming out of the concrete out of the pouring space through the filter and the passageway. Lining equipment.