JPS62265933A - Spray type plant culture apparatus - Google Patents
Spray type plant culture apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62265933A JPS62265933A JP61110304A JP11030486A JPS62265933A JP S62265933 A JPS62265933 A JP S62265933A JP 61110304 A JP61110304 A JP 61110304A JP 11030486 A JP11030486 A JP 11030486A JP S62265933 A JPS62265933 A JP S62265933A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- spray
- mat
- retaining
- nutrient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 28
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012531 culture fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100040428 Chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000155437 Raphanus sativus var. niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y02P60/216—
Landscapes
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は噴霧式植物栽培装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a spray-type plant cultivation device.
（背景技術）
近年野菜等の植物の栽培において、いわゆる水耕栽培が
普及しつつある。(Background Art) In recent years, so-called hydroponic cultivation has become popular in the cultivation of plants such as vegetables.
この水耕栽培は、自然土壌における栽培と異なり、培地
たる培養液に各種栄養成分を均等かつ理想的に配合した
ものを用いることによって、植物の効率のよい栽培を可
能とした。 。Unlike cultivation in natural soil, this hydroponic cultivation makes it possible to cultivate plants efficiently by using a culture medium that contains various nutritional components evenly and ideally. .
ところでこの水耕栽培は植物の根を培養液中に伸長させ
るものであるため、ややもすると酸欠状態となり、根腐
れを起すおそれがある。このため、通常、水耕栽培にお
いては、培養液中に通気して酸素を補給するようにして
いるが均等に行えない問題点がある。However, since this hydroponic culture involves growing plant roots into a culture solution, there is a risk of oxygen deficiency and root rot. For this reason, in hydroponic cultivation, the culture solution is usually aerated to supply oxygen, but there is a problem that this cannot be done evenly.
他のこの種の栽培法として、養水分を植物体の根部にミ
ストとして供給する、いわゆる噴霧式栽培法がある。こ
の栽培法によれば、根糸が気中に露出するので酸素は豊
富である。しかしやはり噴霧量が植物体ごとにばらつく
ばかりか、根部に接触せず、無駄に供給される噴霧の量
が多く、ランニングコストが増大する。さらにｆｌｕ
ｉｔｓが気中に露出するから、大型の植物体にあっては
、Ｎ物体の支持が困難となる。Another cultivation method of this type is the so-called spray cultivation method, in which nutrient water is supplied to the roots of the plant as a mist. According to this cultivation method, the root threads are exposed to the air, so oxygen is abundant. However, not only does the amount of spray vary from plant to plant, but a large amount of spray does not come into contact with the roots and is wasted, increasing running costs. More flu
Since its parts are exposed to the air, it becomes difficult for large plants to support N objects.
そこで本発明は上記の噴霧式裁培法の改良をはかるべ（
なされたものであり、その目的とするところは、噴霧供
給量を根糸による吸収量とのバランスを大幅に改善でき
、また、大型の植物であってもその支持が容易となる噴
霧式植物栽培装置を提供するにある。Therefore, the present invention aims to improve the above-mentioned spray culture method (
The purpose of this is to significantly improve the balance between the amount of spray supplied and the amount absorbed by the root filaments, and to create a spray-type plant cultivation system that makes it easy to support even large plants. We are here to provide you with the equipment.
（発明の概要） 本発明は上記問題点を解消するため次の構成を備える。(Summary of the invention) The present invention has the following configuration to solve the above problems.
すなわち、密閉ケーシングの上蓋で植物体を支持し、該
密閉ケーシング内に培養液または水等の養水分を噴霧す
る噴霧装置を備えた噴霧式植物栽培装置において、前記
密閉ケーシング内に、前記噴霧状の養水分をとらえて保
水する、断面波状の保水マントを敷設したことを特徴と
する。That is, in a spray-type plant cultivation apparatus that supports a plant body with the upper lid of a sealed casing and is equipped with a spray device that sprays a culture solution or nutrient water such as water into the sealed casing, the sprayed water is placed inside the sealed casing. It is characterized by a water-retaining cloak with a corrugated cross-section that captures and retains nutrients.
（実施例）
以下本発明の好適な実施例を添付図面に基づいて詳細に
説明する。(Embodiments) Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は噴霧式の栽培箱１０の部分断面図、第２図は上
蓋を取り去った状態の栽培箱１０の平面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a spray-type cultivation box 10, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the cultivation box 10 with the top cover removed.
図において、１１は栽培箱本体であり、発泡スチロール
等の断熱材で形成されている。栽培箱１１内面はビニー
ルシート１２等で覆って防水処理する。なお適宜な防水
剤を塗布するのでもよい。In the figure, 11 is a cultivation box main body, which is made of a heat insulating material such as styrofoam. The inner surface of the cultivation box 11 is covered with a vinyl sheet 12 or the like to make it waterproof. Note that an appropriate waterproofing agent may be applied.
１３は保水マットであり、栽培箱１０内に波状に設けら
れている。13 is a water retention mat, which is provided in the cultivation box 10 in a wave shape.
波の高さは栽培箱１０の縁の高さと略同−になっている
。The height of the waves is approximately the same as the height of the edge of the cultivation box 10.
−１４は保水マット１３の支持脚であり、栽培箱１１内
底面の両側に一定間隔をおいて立設されている。１５は
養水分供給パイプであり、上記一対の支持脚１４上に横
架され、固定金具１６によって支持脚１４上にその各端
部において固定されている。そして養水分供給パイプ１
５は保水マット１３の波の山に内側から当接し、保水マ
ット１３を波状に支持している。また、養水分供給パイ
プ１５には保水マット１３に当接している頂面に一定間
隔をおいて透孔１７が設けられて、該透孔１７から保水
マット１３に養水分、水分を供給しろるようになってい
る。供給された液体は保水マント１３に沿って流下浸透
する。-14 are supporting legs of the water retention mat 13, which are erected on both sides of the inner bottom surface of the cultivation box 11 at regular intervals. A nutrient water supply pipe 15 is suspended horizontally on the pair of support legs 14, and is fixed at each end to the support legs 14 with fixing fittings 16. And nutrient water supply pipe 1
5 abuts on the wave peaks of the water retention mat 13 from the inside, and supports the water retention mat 13 in a wavy manner. In addition, through holes 17 are provided at regular intervals on the top surface of the nutrient water supply pipe 15 that is in contact with the water retention mat 13, and nutrients and moisture are supplied to the water retention mat 13 from the through holes 17. It looks like this. The supplied liquid flows down and permeates along the water retaining mantle 13.
前記の固定金具１６の下部両側は側方に延出されており
、一対の支持脚１４の対応する固定金具１６の延出端に
は支持棒１８が横架、固定されて、この支持棒１８が保
水マット１３の波の中腹部に内側から当接して波の中腹
部を広げている。また保水マット１３の波の側下部は支
持脚１４の下部に固定されている。したがって保水マッ
ト１３の波の下部は細く絞られ、隣接する波との間に広
い空間が形成されている。Both sides of the lower part of the fixing bracket 16 extend laterally, and a support rod 18 is horizontally mounted and fixed to the extending end of the corresponding fixing bracket 16 of the pair of support legs 14. contacts the middle part of the wave of the water retaining mat 13 from the inside and widens the middle part of the wave. Further, the lower part of the wave side of the water retaining mat 13 is fixed to the lower part of the support leg 14. Therefore, the lower part of the waves of the water retaining mat 13 is narrowed, and a wide space is formed between adjacent waves.
保水マント１３の材質は特に限定されず、保水性、耐腐
食性を有するものであればよい。例えばレーヨン、ナイ
ロン、アセテート、ポリエステル、ポリプロピレン、ロ
ックウール、ガラス等の各繊維、あるいはこれらの複合
繊維を不織布もしくは繊布に形成したのが好適に用いう
る。この保水マット１３の厚さは特に限定されないが、
あまり薄すぎると植物の根が保水マット１３を貫いてし
まうので、再使用不能となる場合がある。なお保水マッ
ト１３の色は黒色にした。The material of the water-retaining mantle 13 is not particularly limited, and any material may be used as long as it has water-retaining properties and corrosion resistance. For example, fibers such as rayon, nylon, acetate, polyester, polypropylene, rock wool, and glass, or composite fibers of these fibers formed into nonwoven or textile fabrics can be suitably used. Although the thickness of this water-retaining mat 13 is not particularly limited,
If it is too thin, plant roots will penetrate the water retention mat 13, making it impossible to reuse it. The color of the water-retaining mat 13 was black.
次に１９は上蓋であり、栽培箱本体１１と同様に発泡ス
チロール等の断熱材で形成され、栽培箱本体１１を密閉
する。上蓋１９には、保水マット１３の波の山に対応す
る位置に植孔２０が一定間隔をおいて設けられている。Next, numeral 19 is an upper lid, which is made of a heat insulating material such as styrofoam, like the cultivation box main body 11, and seals the cultivation box main body 11. Plant holes 20 are provided in the upper lid 19 at regular intervals at positions corresponding to the crests of the waves of the water retaining mat 13.
この植孔２０には、第３図に示すように植物体を支持す
る定植培地２１を吸入する。上記植孔２０が保水マット
１３の波の山に対応位置しているので、定植培地２１に
支持された植物体は、その根が保水マント１３の波の両
側に均等に伸長することによって根自身によって支持さ
れると共に、保水マット１３によっても直接に支持され
る。なお採水マット１３の波の山の頂部と上蓋１９下面
との間は一定の隙間を設けて、根のみによって植物体を
支持するのでもよい。いずれを選択するかは、根の伸長
度等を考慮して植物の種類によって好適に選択しうる。A planting medium 21 that supports the plant body is sucked into the planting hole 20 as shown in FIG. Since the planting holes 20 are located corresponding to the crests of the waves of the water-retaining mat 13, the roots of the plants supported on the planting medium 21 extend evenly to both sides of the waves of the water-retaining mantle 13. It is also directly supported by the water retaining mat 13. Note that a certain gap may be provided between the top of the wave crest of the water sampling mat 13 and the lower surface of the upper lid 19, and the plant body may be supported only by the roots. Which one to select can be suitably selected depending on the type of plant, taking into consideration the degree of root elongation and the like.
また植物の種類によっては、例えば大根等の根菜類にあ
っては、第４図のように植孔２０を保水マ・ノド１３の
波の谷に対応する部位に設けて、根を谷空間内に伸長さ
せるようにすることもできる・次に第２図において、２
２は噴霧供給管であり、保水マント１３の波の進向方向
と直向する方向の栽培箱端部に開口している。また２３
は噴霧回収管であり、噴霧供給管２２とは反対方向の栽
培箱端部に開口している。２４はドレン回収パイプであ
り、噴霧養分水が凝縮したり、前述の養水分供給パイプ
１５からの供給液が過多である場合に、収集して回収す
る。Depending on the type of plant, for example root vegetables such as daikon radish, the planting hole 20 is provided in the area corresponding to the wave trough of the water-retaining mantle 13 as shown in Figure 4, so that the roots can be placed inside the trough space.・Next, in Figure 2, 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a spray supply pipe, which opens at the end of the cultivation box in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waves of the water retaining cloak 13 travel. Also 23
is a spray collection pipe, which opens at the end of the cultivation box in the direction opposite to the spray supply pipe 22. Reference numeral 24 denotes a drain recovery pipe, which collects and recovers when the sprayed nutrient water condenses or when the supply liquid from the nutrient water supply pipe 15 described above is excessive.
第５図は養水分のフローシートを示す。Figure 5 shows a flow sheet for nutrient water.
培養液槽２５内の培養液は、圧力接点付の水中ポンプ２
６によって昇圧され、電気作動弁２７および流量調整弁
２８を介して超音波式等の噴霧発生器２９に供給される
。噴霧発生器２９では供給された培養液を霧化し、内蔵
された送風ファンによって前記の噴霧供給管２２から栽
培箱１０内に供給する。噴霧発生器２９に供給された培
養液のうち多くは、噴霧発生器２９の培養液温度の過上
昇を避けるためにオーバーフロー口（図示せず）からオ
ーバーフローされ、フィルター３０を介して培養液槽２
５に戻される。噴霧発生器２９に内蔵されている送風フ
ァンに流入する空気は、空調装置３１によって温湿コン
トロールされる。栽培箱１０に供給された噴霧液は植物
体の根に養水分として吸収される。余剰噴霧液は噴霧回
収パイプ２３を通して、後記する噴霧−空気混合器３２
で外気と混合され、再び空調装置３１へと流入していく
。なお空調装置３１内で凝結した培養液はドレン管を通
りフィルター３０を介して回収されるか、ドレンとして
排出される。空調装置３１は小型のヒートポンプ式冷暖
装置を用い、暖冷房兼用とする。The culture solution in the culture solution tank 25 is pumped by a submersible pump 2 with pressure contacts.
6, and is supplied to a spray generator 29, such as an ultrasonic type, via an electrically operated valve 27 and a flow rate regulating valve 28. The spray generator 29 atomizes the supplied culture solution and supplies it into the cultivation box 10 from the spray supply pipe 22 using a built-in blower fan. Most of the culture solution supplied to the spray generator 29 overflows from an overflow port (not shown) to prevent the temperature of the culture solution in the spray generator 29 from rising excessively, and passes through the filter 30 to the culture solution tank 2.
Returned to 5. The temperature and humidity of the air flowing into the blower fan built into the spray generator 29 is controlled by the air conditioner 31. The spray liquid supplied to the cultivation box 10 is absorbed by the roots of the plant as nutrient water. Excess spray liquid is passed through the spray recovery pipe 23 to a spray-air mixer 32 to be described later.
The air is mixed with outside air and flows into the air conditioner 31 again. Note that the culture fluid condensed within the air conditioner 31 passes through a drain pipe and is collected via the filter 30 or is discharged as drain. The air conditioner 31 is a small heat pump type cooling/heating device, and is used for both heating and cooling.
一方、水中ポンプ２６によって昇圧された培養液は、電
気作動弁３３および流量調整弁３４を介して前述の養水
分供給パイプ１５に送られ、該パイプの透孔から保水マ
ット１３に供給される。流下した培養液はドレン回収パ
イプ２４により排出され、フィルター３０を介して培養
液槽２５に回収される。また−万養水分供給パイブ１５
は水供給管３５にも電気作動弁３６を介して接続されて
いる。したがって両電気作動弁３３．３６を操作するこ
とによって、養水分供給パイプ１５には水と培養液とを
切換えて供給しつる。On the other hand, the culture solution pressurized by the submersible pump 26 is sent to the aforementioned nutrient water supply pipe 15 via the electrically operated valve 33 and the flow rate adjustment valve 34, and is supplied to the water retaining mat 13 through the through hole of the pipe. The culture solution that has flowed down is discharged through the drain recovery pipe 24 and collected into the culture solution tank 25 via the filter 30. Also - Banyo water supply pipe 15
is also connected to a water supply pipe 35 via an electrically operated valve 36. Therefore, by operating both electrically operated valves 33 and 36, water and culture solution can be switched and supplied to the nutrient water supply pipe 15.
第６図は養水分フロー系統の別実施例を示すフローチャ
ートである。FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing another embodiment of the nutrient water flow system.
この実施例においては、噴霧として供給する培養液の培
養液！２５と、養水分供給パイプ１５から液体として供
給する培養液の培養液槽３７とを別に設けている。In this example, the culture solution supplied as a spray! 25 and a culture solution tank 37 for supplying the culture solution as a liquid from the nutrient water supply pipe 15 are separately provided.
したがって各々の培養液槽２５．３７に組成の異なる培
養液を調整しておくことで二系統の養水分の供給が行え
る。３８はドレン回収パイプ２４から培養液槽３７に回
収される培養液のフィルターである。Therefore, by preparing culture solutions with different compositions in each culture solution tank 25, 37, two systems of nutrient water can be supplied. 38 is a filter for the culture solution collected from the drain recovery pipe 24 into the culture solution tank 37.
次に第７図は前述した噴霧−空気混合器３２の断面図を
示す。Next, FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the spray-air mixer 32 described above.
３９は空調装置３１への接続管である。接続管３９の後
端は拡径され、この拡径部後面中央に前述の噴霧回収パ
イプ２３の一端が接続されている。39 is a connecting pipe to the air conditioner 31. The rear end of the connecting pipe 39 is enlarged in diameter, and one end of the above-mentioned spray recovery pipe 23 is connected to the center of the rear surface of this enlarged diameter portion.
拡径部後面用縁側は開口され、外気吸入路４０に形成さ
れている。４１はフィルターである。The rear edge side of the enlarged diameter portion is opened and formed into an outside air intake passage 40 . 41 is a filter.
しかして、前述の空調装置３１に内蔵されている送風フ
ァンが駆動されると、余剰噴霧液は噴霧回収パイプ２３
から接続管３９を経て空調装置３１に流れ込むが、この
とき外気吸入路、４０から同時に外気が接続管３９中に
流入し、噴霧液と混合されるのである。このように余剰
噴霧液は、新たに噴霧化されたものと一緒に再度栽培箱
１０中に供給されるのである。When the blower fan built in the air conditioner 31 described above is driven, the excess spray liquid flows into the spray recovery pipe 23.
At this time, outside air simultaneously flows into the connecting pipe 39 from the outside air intake path 40 and is mixed with the spray liquid. In this way, the surplus spray liquid is supplied into the cultivation box 10 again together with the newly atomized liquid.
なお、上記噴霧−空気混合器３２は必ずしも設けなくと
もよい。Note that the spray-air mixer 32 does not necessarily need to be provided.
第８図は保水マット１３の波の形状の他の実施例を示す
。FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the wave shape of the water retaining mat 13.
本実施例においては、支持台４５上に載置した養水分補
給パイプ１５で単に内側から保水マット１３を支持して
、保水マット１３に裾拡がりの通常の波形を付与してい
る。In this embodiment, the water-retaining mat 13 is simply supported from the inside by the nutrient/water replenishing pipe 15 placed on the support stand 45, giving the water-retaining mat 13 a normal corrugated shape with a wide hem.
本発明において、波とは連続した凹凸状形状をいうもの
とする。In the present invention, a wave refers to a continuous uneven shape.
次に本発明の作用効果についてさらに具体的に説明する
。Next, the effects of the present invention will be explained in more detail.
本発明においては、保水マット１３が栽培箱１０内に波
状に配置されている。したがって栽培箱１０内に供給さ
れた噴霧は、根毛に接触して根を直接濡らして根から吸
収されるほか、波状に形成されて面積が増大している保
水マット１３上にとらえられて保水され、該保水された
培養液も根から吸収される。In the present invention, the water-retaining mats 13 are arranged in a wave shape inside the cultivation box 10. Therefore, the spray supplied into the cultivation box 10 comes into contact with the root hairs, directly wets the roots, and is absorbed from the roots, as well as being caught and retained on the water-retaining mat 13, which is formed in a wave shape and has an increased area. , the water-retained culture solution is also absorbed through the roots.
保水マット１３上では、毛管力によって所定量の培養液
が保持され、過剰分は流下してドレン回収パイプ２４か
ら回収される。A predetermined amount of culture solution is retained on the water retention mat 13 by capillary force, and an excess amount flows down and is collected from the drain collection pipe 24.
このように本発明においては、単に噴霧のみによる場合
に比して格段に保水量の増大が図れる。As described above, in the present invention, the amount of water retained can be significantly increased compared to the case where only spraying is used.
また保水マツ１−１３に保水された培養液は停滞性を有
するので、根部に接触せず噴霧のまま排出される量が減
少する。換言すれば、保水マット１３に保水されている
分だけ噴霧供給量を少なく設定でき、ランニングコスト
の大幅な低減化が図れることとなる。すなわち、噴霧供
給量と根による吸収量とのバランスがよりよくとれるよ
うになった。Moreover, since the culture solution retained in the water-retaining pines 1-13 has stagnation properties, the amount of the culture fluid that does not come into contact with the roots and is discharged as a spray is reduced. In other words, the spray supply amount can be set to be smaller by the amount of water retained in the water retaining mat 13, and running costs can be significantly reduced. In other words, a better balance between the amount of spray supplied and the amount absorbed by the roots has been achieved.
また保水マット１３上に伸長した根はその表面が噴霧中
に露出しているので酸素量が豊富である。In addition, since the surface of the roots that have grown on the water-retaining mat 13 is exposed during spraying, the amount of oxygen is rich.
また酸素が豊富であることから、適当な温湿度を保つこ
とにより噴霧中に多量の根毛が発生する。Also, since it is rich in oxygen, a large amount of root hairs will be generated during spraying by maintaining appropriate temperature and humidity.
この根毛は噴霧中に露出する根毛の暴露堆積を増加せし
め、酸素吸収量をより多くする。These root hairs increase the exposure of the root hairs exposed during spraying, allowing for greater oxygen uptake.
また根毛は採水マット１３表面にもまとわりつき、養分
吸収、植物体の支持をする。これによって根毛は噴霧空
中に向って太き（伸長し、植物体の生長を促進させるの
である。The root hairs also cling to the surface of the water collection mat 13, absorbing nutrients and supporting the plant body. This causes the root hairs to thicken (elongate) toward the sprayed air, promoting plant growth.
次に、保水マット１３は波状に形成されているのでそれ
自身噴霧空気中に露出する。したがって、糸状菌、放線
菌等の好気性細菌の温床となり、これら好気性細菌は、
根毛から離脱した有機物質、根の分泌物等の老廃物を分
解する。糸状菌などの菌類は繁殖しすぎると根毛に害を
与えるが、他の根■微生物の成育によって根毛は保護さ
れ、微生物学的生態防除効果が発揮される。微生物のＩ
ｔＪＪきによって根毛から老廃物質による悪影響を排除
しうろことは植物体の生長に極めて有益である・なお・
保水マット１３としてポリ塩化ビニリデン系の不織布を
用いた場合に、好気性細菌が最も付着し易かった。Next, since the water retaining mat 13 is formed in a corrugated manner, it is exposed to the spray air. Therefore, it becomes a breeding ground for aerobic bacteria such as filamentous fungi and actinomycetes, and these aerobic bacteria
Decomposes waste products such as organic substances released from root hairs and root secretions. Fungi such as filamentous fungi harm root hairs when they multiply excessively, but root hairs are protected by the growth of other root microorganisms, and a microbiological ecological control effect is exerted. Microorganism I
The scales that remove the harmful effects of waste substances from the root hairs by tJJ are extremely beneficial for the growth of the plant.
When polyvinylidene chloride-based nonwoven fabric was used as the water-retaining mat 13, aerobic bacteria were most likely to adhere to it.
次に、保水マット１３の波の山を植物体の直下に位置さ
せれば、植物体は採水マット１３からも物理的に支持さ
れることとなる。Next, by positioning the wave peaks of the water retention mat 13 directly below the plants, the plants will also be physically supported by the water collection mats 13.
また保水マット１３の波の下部を絞ることによって、根
の伸長空間、噴霧の流動空間がより広（確保される。Furthermore, by squeezing the lower part of the waves of the water-retaining mat 13, the space for root growth and the space for the spray to flow is made wider (secured).
なお、養水分供給パイプ１５は必ずしも設けるを要しな
いが、養水分供給パイプ１５を設ければ、保水マット１
３の波形状がより好適に保持されると共に、養水分供給
パイプ１５から養水分を供給することにより、保水マッ
ト１３上への塩類の集積を効果的に防止できる。すなわ
ち洗浄作用を奏する。この養水分の供給は間欠的もしく
は定期的に行うのでよい。Note that the nutrient water supply pipe 15 does not necessarily need to be provided, but if the nutrient water supply pipe 15 is provided, the water retaining mat 1
3 can be maintained more suitably, and by supplying nutrient water from the nutrient water supply pipe 15, accumulation of salts on the water retaining mat 13 can be effectively prevented. In other words, it has a cleaning effect. This supply of nutrient water may be carried out intermittently or periodically.
また、培養液あるいは供給水に界面ン占性剤を適量添加
することで、根毛に噴霧液が付着し易いようにし、根の
養分吸収を増大させることができる。Furthermore, by adding an appropriate amount of a surfactant to the culture solution or supplied water, it is possible to make it easier for the spray solution to adhere to the root hairs, thereby increasing the absorption of nutrients by the roots.
（発明の効果）
以上のように、本発明によれば次の顕著な効果を奏する
。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention provides the following remarkable effects.
■ 表面積の広い波状の保水マットを配置したことで、
保水量の増大が図れ、無駄に排出される噴霧の量を少な
くでき、噴霧供給量と植物体による養水分吸収量とのバ
ランスが均衡してきて、ランニングコストの低減化が図
れる。また一定量の養水分が常に保水されるので、根毛
による養水分吸収量の時間的ばらつきをなくすことがで
きる。■ By placing a wavy water-retaining mat with a wide surface area,
The amount of water retained can be increased, the amount of wasteful spray discharged can be reduced, and the amount of spray supplied and the amount of nutrient water absorbed by the plants can be balanced, leading to a reduction in running costs. Furthermore, since a certain amount of nutrient water is always retained, it is possible to eliminate temporal variations in the amount of nutrient water absorbed by root hairs.
さらには、噴霧が無駄に排出される正が少ないことから
、一定の噴霧の吐出量に対して従来よりも全体装置の大
型化が図れる。Furthermore, since there is less wasteful discharge of spray, the entire device can be made larger than in the past for a given discharge amount of spray.
■ 保水マットが波状を呈して好気的に保持されるので
、根毛から離脱した有機物質等の老廃物が、好気的な根
圏微生物群により分解される。■ Since the water-retaining mat is wavy and retained aerobically, waste products such as organic substances released from root hairs are decomposed by aerobic rhizosphere microorganisms.
■ 根毛の発生、発育が良好で、植物体の支持、養水分
の吸収に与かる。■ Root hairs develop well and support the plant and help absorb nutrients and water.
■ 保水マットの波の山を植物体の直下に位置させれば
、保水マットにより直接植物体の支持が行える。■ By positioning the wave peaks of the water-retaining mat directly below the plants, the water-retaining mat can directly support the plants.
■ 保水マットの波の下部を絞れば、さらに根糸の伸長
空間、噴霧の流通空間が広がる。■ By squeezing the lower part of the waves of the water-retaining mat, the space for the root threads to grow and the space for the spray to flow is further expanded.
以上本発明につき好適な実施例を挙げて種々説明したが
、本発明はこの実施例に限定されるものではなく、発明
の精神を逸脱しない範囲内で多（の改変を施し得るのは
もちろんのことである。Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That's true.
第１図は栽培箱の部分断面図、第２図は上蓋を取り去っ
た状態の栽培箱の平面図、第３図は根の伸長状態を示す
説明図、第４図は保水マットの波の空間内に根を伸長さ
せる場合の説明図、第５図および第６図はそれぞれ養水
分供給系統例を示すフローチャート、第７図は噴霧−外
気混合装置の説明図、第８図は採水マットの他の形状例
を示す説明図である。
１０・・・栽培箱、 １１・・・栽培箱本体、１２・
・・ビニールシート、 １３・・・（泉水マット、
１４・・・支持脚、 Ｉ５・・・養水分供給パイプ
、 １６・・・固定金具、 １７・・・透孔、
１８・・・支持棒、 １９・・・上蓋、２０・・・植
孔、 ２２・・・噴霧供給管、２３・・・噴霧回収管、
２４・・・ドレン回収パイプ、 ２５・・・培養液
槽、 ２６・・・水中ポンプ、 ２７・・・電気作動
弁、 ２８・・・／Ａ量調整弁、 ２９・・・噴霧発生
器、３０・・・フィルター、 ３１・・・空調装置、３
２・・・噴霧−空気混合器、 ３３・・・電気作動弁、
３４・・・流量調整弁、 ３５・・・水供給管、 ３
６・・・電気作動弁、 ３７・・・培養液槽、 ３８・
・・フィルター、３９・・・接続管、 ４０・・・外
気吸入路、４１・ ・ ・フィルター。Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of the cultivation box, Figure 2 is a plan view of the cultivation box with the top cover removed, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of root extension, and Figure 4 is the space of waves in the water retention mat. Figures 5 and 6 are flowcharts showing examples of nutrient and moisture supply systems, Figure 7 is an illustration of a spray-outside air mixing device, and Figure 8 is a diagram of a water sampling mat. It is an explanatory view showing other examples of shapes. 10...Cultivation box, 11...Cultivation box body, 12.
...Vinyl sheet, 13...(Izumi water mat,
14... Support leg, I5... Nutrient water supply pipe, 16... Fixing metal fittings, 17... Through hole,
18... Support rod, 19... Top cover, 20... Planting hole, 22... Spray supply pipe, 23... Spray collection pipe,
24... Drain collection pipe, 25... Culture liquid tank, 26... Submersible pump, 27... Electrically operated valve, 28.../A amount adjustment valve, 29... Spray generator, 30 ... Filter, 31 ... Air conditioner, 3
2... Spray-air mixer, 33... Electrically operated valve,
34...Flow rate adjustment valve, 35...Water supply pipe, 3
6...Electrically operated valve, 37...Culture liquid tank, 38.
...filter, 39...connecting pipe, 40...outside air intake path, 41...filter.
Claims (1)
ーシング内に培養液または水等の養水分を噴霧する噴霧
装置を備えた噴霧式植物栽培装置において、前記密閉ケ
ーシング内に、前記噴霧状の養水分をとらえて保水する
、断面波状の保水マットを敷設したことを特徴とする噴
霧式植物栽培装置。 ２、保水マットの波の山位置を植物体の直下に設定して
成る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の噴霧式植物栽培装置。 ３、保水マットの波状部分下部を両側からくびらせて、
隣接する波状部分との間の谷部下部空間を広げて成る特
許請求の範囲第１項または第２項記載の噴霧式植物栽培
装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a spray-type plant cultivation device that supports a plant with an upper lid of a closed casing and is equipped with a spray device that sprays a culture solution or nutrient water such as water into the closed casing, the closed casing A spray-type plant cultivation device characterized in that a water-retaining mat with a corrugated cross section is installed inside the device to capture and retain the atomized nutrient water. 2. The spray-type plant cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein the wave peak position of the water-retaining mat is set directly below the plant body. 3. Narrow the lower part of the wavy part of the water retention mat from both sides,
The spray-type plant cultivation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the space below the valley between adjacent wavy portions is widened.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61110304A JPS62265933A (en) | 1986-05-14 | 1986-05-14 | Spray type plant culture apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61110304A JPS62265933A (en) | 1986-05-14 | 1986-05-14 | Spray type plant culture apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62265933A true JPS62265933A (en) | 1987-11-18 |
| JPH0356691B2 JPH0356691B2 (en) | 1991-08-29 |
Family
ID=14532304
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61110304A Granted JPS62265933A (en) | 1986-05-14 | 1986-05-14 | Spray type plant culture apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62265933A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101669941B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-10-27 | 다울친환경영농조합법인 | Method and apparatus for plant cultivation for facilitating growth of taproot |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5639701B1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-12-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | Hydroponics apparatus and hydroponics method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4413073Y1 (en) * | 1964-07-10 | 1969-05-30 | ||
| JPS5112354U (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1976-01-29 |
-
1986
- 1986-05-14 JP JP61110304A patent/JPS62265933A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4413073Y1 (en) * | 1964-07-10 | 1969-05-30 | ||
| JPS5112354U (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1976-01-29 |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101669941B1 (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-10-27 | 다울친환경영농조합법인 | Method and apparatus for plant cultivation for facilitating growth of taproot |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0356691B2 (en) | 1991-08-29 |
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