JPS62243260A - Electrolyte supply type cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To drop the equal amount of electrolyte through every exhaust pipe, to effectively prevent liquid short circuit caused by dropping electrolyte, and to increase the energy efficiency of a cell by installing 1-5 dams in a stacked direction of cells inside electrolyte collecting chamber, forming plural reservoirs by increasing the height of dams in order from overflow chamber side, and installing plural exhaust pipes in the bottom of each reservoir to drop electrolyte. CONSTITUTION:1-5 dams 2 are installed in a stacked direction of unit cell 5 in an electrolyte collecting chamber 1 mounted in an overflow chamber 4 in the upper part of a frame unit cell 5. The height of dams is increased in order from the overflow chamber 4 side to plural reservoirs 1a-1c. Plural exhaust pipes 3 are installed in the bottoms of reservoirs 1a-1c to equally drop the electrolyte from the reservoirs 1a-1c. The exhaust pipes 3 are very important to decide the dropping direction of electrolyte and installed vertically in reservoirs 1a-1c. Thereby, the energy efficiency of a cell is increased and the height of the short circuit preventing chamber is shortened and a cell is made compact.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to an electrolyte supply type battery in which a plurality of unit cells are stacked and electrically connected in series, and in particular, the present invention relates to an electrolyte supply type battery in which a plurality of unit cells are stacked and electrically connected in series. The liquid! ! 8 and to improve the energy efficiency of the battery.

<Conventional technology> An electrolyte supply type battery has a plurality of unit cells stacked and electrically connected in series, and an electrolyte is supplied to each unit cell from the outside and discharged to the outside through the electrolyte. Zinc-
There are halogen batteries, redox type batteries, fuel cells, etc. These batteries can have a bipolar electrode structure, which is very advantageous for increasing battery capacity.

In such an electrolyte supply type battery, the electrolyte is generally supplied to each cell from a common electrolyte tank, and the electrolyte discharged from each unit cell is recirculated in the electrolyte tank. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the battery characteristics of the unit cells by preventing liquid junctions caused by the electrolyte between adjacent unit cells. For example, in a zinc-chlorine battery, as shown in Figure 2, a bipolar electrode (not shown), which combines a zinc electrode and an electrolyte-permeable chlorine electrode via a current collector, is built into the frame (5). A large number of these are stacked to form an electrolytic chamber (single cell) (6) between the frames (bipolar electrodes) (5), and an electrolyte supply port (7) at the bottom of the frame (5) is formed as shown in the figure. The electrolyte is introduced through the supply chamber (8). The electrolyte flows from the polar chamber of the bipolar electrode through the electrolytic chamber (6) and overflow chamber (4) to the liquid collecting chamber (1).
The liquid is collected through the discharge pipe (3) and dropped into the common liquid junction prevention jacket (9) of the laminated cells to prevent liquid junctions from occurring between adjacent unit cells and to prevent the liquid from forming with a short head. This is done to provide electrical insulation.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> If the electrolytic solution flowing from the overflow chamber is collected in a collection chamber and discharged through one discharge pipe, the amount of electrolytic solution falling is too large, and it takes a long time before the electrolyte runs out. Not only does it require a large head difference, but it also tends to cause a liquid junction with the falling liquid from an adjacent unit cell. Therefore, two or more discharge pipes are installed to discharge the electrolyte, but the electrolyte is concentrated in the discharge pipe on the overflow chamber side. It varies. In this way, electricity

If the solution concentrates and falls into one tube, enough liquid will be drained.
! ? In the other tube, the electrolyte spreads out in a trumpet-like manner and falls, resulting in a liquid junction between adjacent unit cells, which has the disadvantage that sufficient electrical insulation cannot be obtained.

In view of this, and as a result of various studies, the present invention has developed an electrolyte supply type that can prevent liquid connections between the electrolytes discharged from each unit cell and improve the energy efficiency of the battery. This is a developed battery in which multiple single cells are stacked and electrically connected in series, and electrolyte is supplied to each unit cell, and electrolysis is carried out from the liquid collection chamber provided in the overflow chamber at the top of each cell. In batteries where liquid is discharged by dropping it into a common chamber, 1 to 5 weirs are installed in each liquid collection chamber in the stacking direction, and the height of the weirs is increased sequentially from the overflow chamber side to collect multiple liquids. It is characterized by forming a reservoir and attaching a plurality of discharge pipes to the bottom of each reservoir to allow the electrolyte to fall.

That is, as shown in FIG. ! (2)
1 to 5 (the figure shows the case of 2) are installed, and the height of the weir is increased in order from the overflow chamber (4) side to form multiple liquid pools (1a), (1b), and (1C). A plurality of discharge pipes (3) are attached to the bottom of each liquid reservoir (1a), (1b), (1c), and each liquid reservoir (1a), (1b), (1
C) (to make each fall evenly. Furthermore,
The discharge pipe (3) is a small item that determines the direction in which the electrolytic solution falls, and is installed perpendicularly to each of the liquid reservoirs (1a), (1b), and (1c).

<Function> By dividing the liquid collection chamber into 1 to 5 liquid pools by a weir and providing multiple discharge pipes in each liquid pool, the electrolyte does not concentrate in a specific pipe, and each discharge pipe is The amount of electrolyte falling is even, effectively preventing liquid junctions between falling electrolytes,
The energy efficiency of batteries can be increased. Furthermore, by increasing the number of discharge pipes while reducing the diameter, it is possible to shorten the time when liquid runs out and shorten the height of the chamber for preventing liquid contact.

<Example> A bipolar electrode is stacked in which a zinc electrode plate made of hard graphite and a chlorine electrode plate made of porous graphite are placed opposite each other in a polyvinyl chloride frame with a current collector plate interposed therebetween, and a single cell is placed between the frames. A liquid collecting chamber shown in FIG. 1 was provided in the upper overflow chamber of the cell, and each cell was electrically connected in series.

The inner diameter of the discharge pipes in the liquid collection chamber is 4#1111, and four discharge pipes are installed at equal intervals from the overflow chamber side to the first weir, and two discharge pipes are installed from the first weir to the second weir. installation,
Two discharge pipes were installed from the second weir. Further, the height of the first weir was 2 cm, and the height of the second weir was 4 cm. A charge/discharge test was conducted on this battery, and the energy efficiency of the battery was compared with that of a conventional battery shown in FIG. The results are shown in Table 1.

The battery is operated as a single cell with an electrode active area of 2,800 oyf as 10 cells, 20 liters, and 30 rel, and the electrolyte contains 2 ml of sodium chloride and 1 mol of potassium chloride. , an aqueous solution (pl+=1> of 1 to thulium chloride mof/, 1) was used, and the operating conditions were an electrolyte temperature of 30°C and an electrolyte flow rate of m5.6.
．． 1! /min/cell, charge/discharge current density 30mA/C
Ii, charging time was 8 hours.

As is clear from Table 1, it can be seen that the battery of the present invention can effectively prevent liquid junctions between the discharged electrolytes of adjacent unit cells and improve the energy efficiency of the battery.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention has significant industrial effects such as increasing the energy efficiency of the battery, shortening the height of the liquid junction prevention chamber, and making it possible to make the battery more compact. It is something.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of essential parts of a battery of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional battery. 1. Collection M chamber 1a, 1b, lc, liquid reservoir 2. Weir 3, discharge pipe 4. Overflow room 5. frame 6, electrolysis chamber, 7. Electrolyte supply port 8゜Electrolyte supply chamber 9, liquid junction prevention chamber

Claims (1)

[Claims] Multiple single cells are stacked and electrically connected in series, and electrolyte is supplied to each unit cell, and the electrolyte is fed into a common chamber from a collection chamber provided in the overflow chamber at the top of each cell. In batteries that are discharged by dropping, 1 to 5 weirs in the stacking direction are provided in each liquid collection chamber, and the height of the weirs is increased in order from the overflow chamber side to form multiple liquid pools. An electrolyte supply type battery characterized by having multiple discharge pipes attached to the bottom to allow electrolyte to fall.