JPS62241650A - Polishing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at improvement in polishing efficiency, by having a polishing route, moving a grindstone along a work surface, stored in a memory device, and reciprocating this stone repeatedly as much as the preset time or frequency along the stored route. CONSTITUTION:When a moving direction detecting signal is outputted, it is inputted into a central process unit 101 whereby a driving signal is outputted to a moving motor, and a wheel head is moved as far as the specified distance in the specified direction by operation of the motor. Simultaneously with this movement, an equal signal is outputted to a random access memory from the central processing unit, only positional data are stored as grinding route data irrespective of a copying speed. Next, a machining mode is selected by a mode selector switch 71 of a control plate 57, and total time for a machining process is designated by a time designating part 84. Under this state, if a start switch 86 is pressed, the polishing route data are read to the CPU from the RAM, whereby the moving motor is driven and the grindstone is reciprocated along the polishing route as long as the specified time, thus a work is ground.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Purpose of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) This invention is an object of the present invention to move a grindstone in the left-right direction, front-back direction, and up-down direction to improve the processing surface such as the forming surface of a workpiece such as a molding die. The present invention relates to a polishing method for polishing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) An object of the present invention is to provide a polishing method that can efficiently perform polishing work.

Structure of the Invention (Means for Solving Problems) The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the teaching device 59 allows the grindstone 42 to be
are the machined surfaces Wx and Wy of the workpiece W.

A predetermined polishing path is traced while moving along Wz, and only the polishing route is stored in the storage means 1 regardless of the tracing speed.
03 and the storage means 1
This process consists of repeatedly moving the grindstone 42 back and forth for a predetermined time or number of times according to the polishing path stored in 03.

(Function) Therefore, in the polishing method of the present invention, if the polishing path of the grindstone is memorized in advance in the teaching process, the grindstone is reciprocated for a specified time or number of times according to the memorized polishing path in the machining process. , the polishing work of the machined surface of the workpiece can be efficiently performed.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of a polishing machine embodying the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the frame 1 of this polishing machine includes a base 2 that is elongated in the left-right direction, a pair of branches 3 erected on the upper surface of both left and right ends of the base 2, and The pillar 3
The upper supporting frame 4 extends horizontally in the left-right direction and is constructed and fixed between the upper end portions of the upper supporting frame 4 to form a substantially gate-shaped structure. An X-direction movable body 5 having a substantially rectangular side profile is supported on the upper support frame 4 of the frame 1 so as to be movable in the left-right direction via a pair of upper and lower guide bodies 6 and 7, respectively. An X-direction moving motor 8 consisting of a servo motor is attached to the left end of the upper support frame 4, and as the motor 8 rotates, the X-direction moving body 5 moves in the left-right direction (X-direction) via a threaded rod 9 and a ball screw member 10. It is about to be moved.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the X-direction moving body 5, a Y-direction moving body 11 having a roughly U-shaped side cross section is movable in the front and rear directions via a pair of left and right guide rods 12. Supported. A Y-direction moving motor 13 made of a servo motor is attached to the rear surface of the Y-direction moving body 11, and as the motor 13 rotates, the Y-direction moving body 11 is moved in the front-back direction (Y-direction) via a screw stud 14 and a ball screw member 15. It is now being moved to .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the Y-direction moving body 11
A first rotating body 16 that can be rotated and adjusted around a horizontal axis extending in the front-rear direction is attached to the front surface of the body, and a second rotating body 16 that can be rotated and adjusted around a horizontal axis that extends in the left-right direction is attached to the front surface of the rotating body 16. A rotating body 17 is supported. A cylindrical seven-direction movable body 18 is penetratingly supported by the second rotary body 17 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and a grindstone head 19 is attached to the lower end thereof.

A Z-direction moving motor 20 made of a servo motor is mounted on the upper surface of the second rotating body 17 via a support cylinder 21, and as the motor 20 rotates, the Z-direction moving body 18 is moved via a threaded rod 22 and a ball screw member 23. is moved in the vertical direction (Z direction).

A pair of guide rails 24 are arranged on the base 2 so as to extend in the front-rear direction □ between the two branches 3 of the frame 1. A table 25 is movably supported on the guide rail 24 via a plurality of wheels 26, and a workpiece W such as a molding die is placed on the upper surface of the table 25. Then, this table 25 is moved back and forth by a self-propelled motor (not shown), and the workpiece W is carried into and positioned at a machining position facing below the grindstone head 19 as shown in FIG. It is now being moved out.

Next, the structure of the grindstone head 19 will be explained in particular in FIGS. 4 and 5.
To explain in detail with reference to the drawings, a guide support rod 31 is attached to the lower end of the Z-direction moving body 18 via a rotational coupling 32 consisting of a fixed disc 33 and a movable disc 34. A sliding body 35 is supported on the guide support rod 31 so as to be movable up and down.
On its side, a support arm 36 extends in the left-right direction.
It is rotatably supported via 7. Support arm 36
At the lower end of the air motor 38 is a support shaft 39 extending in the forward and backward direction.
It is tiltably supported via a support cylinder 40, and is normally held in the vertical position shown in FIG. 4 by the action of a plurality of springs 41. A grindstone 42 is attached to the lower part of the support cylinder 40 via a swing generator 43, and as the air motor 38 rotates, the grindstone 42 is reciprocated in the front-rear direction via the swing generator 43. ing.

As shown in FIG. 4, a first air cylinder 44 constituting a pressing means is attached to the side of the sliding body 35, and the tip of a rod 46 extending from the piston 45 is connected to the movable circle of the rotary coupling 32. It is fixed to the plate 34. Then, the moving direction of one of the grindstone heads is selected and set to any two of the three directions, the X direction, the Y direction, and the 7 directions, for example, the X direction and the Y direction, and the motor 8 for moving the X direction and the Y direction are set. When polishing the bottom machined surface WZ of the workpiece W while moving the grindstone head 19 in the X and Y directions as the radial motor 13 rotates, the sliding body 35 is moved by the action of the first air cylinder 44. The grindstone 42 is urged to move in the remaining one direction, the Z direction (downward), and is pressed against the processing surface Wz at the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 5, at the rear of the sliding body 35, a second air cylinder 47 constituting a pressing means is tiltably supported by a support shaft 49 via a mounting plate 48, and a rod extending from the piston 50 The distal end of 51 is connected to the support arm 36 via a connecting member 52. A spring stopper 53 is attached to the front part of the sliding body 35 via a support body 54, and engages with the support arm 36 to regulate the rest position of the support arm 36. When polishing the bottom machined surface WZ on the workpiece W by moving the grindstone head 19 in the X and Y directions as described above, this second
Air cylinder 47 is inactive and held in a generally vertical rest position by engagement with support arm 36 and spring stop 53, as shown in solid lines in FIG.

Further, the moving direction of the grindstone head 19 may be set to, for example, the X direction and 7.
The grinding wheel head 19 is placed in the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 or rotated 180 degrees from the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 via the rotary coupling 32. When polishing the machined surfaces Wy on both the front and back sides,
The second air cylinder 47 is switched to the operating state, the support arm 36 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG.
are pressed against the front and rear machining surfaces Wy.

Roughly speaking, the moving direction of the grinding wheel head 19 is selected and set to two directions, the Y direction and the 7 direction, and the grinding wheel head 19 is moved from the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 to the right or left via the rotary coupling 32. The second air cylinder 47 is switched to the operative state and the support arm 36
is rotated so that the grindstone 42 is pressed against the left and right processing surfaces WX.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, on the side of the frame 1, a control panel 57 equipped with a switch for selecting and setting the moving direction of the grindstone head 19 is suspended and supported via a support rod 58. has been done. In addition, this polishing machine has a grinding wheel head 19.
It is equipped with a teaching device 59 that can be held and used when pre-memorizing a polishing path based on the movement of.

Next, a configuration for detecting an overload applied to the grindstone 42 in a teaching process in which the teaching device 59 is taught and a machining process based on the polishing path data stored in the teaching process will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, inside the first air cylinder 44 are a pair of first overload sensors 61 and 62, each of which is a magnetic sensor or the like.
are arranged opposite to both moving ends of the piston 45.

When an overload occurs when machining the machining surface Wz in the XYh direction, the upper sensor 61 or the lower sensor 62 is
outputs a detection signal. Furthermore, when machining the machining surface Wx in the YZh direction or the machining surface Wy in the It is designed to confirm the normal position of the

As shown in FIG. 5, inside the second air cylinder 47 is a pair of second overload sensors 63 made of magnetic sensors, etc.
, 64 are arranged opposite to both moving ends of the piston 50,
Machining surface WX, W'! When an overload is applied to the grindstone 42 in the left-right direction or the front-back direction during processing,
A detection signal is output based on the abnormal approach of the piston 50 to the left or right. Further, when processing the processing surface Wz, the left sensor 63 in FIG. 5 detects the piston 50 in the pushed-out state (the support arm 36 is in the vertical position) to confirm the normal position of the grindstone 42.

On the other hand, inside the support body 54, there is a fourth sensor including a magnetic sensor, etc.
An overload sensor 66 is provided, and when an overload that causes the support arm 36 to tilt clockwise in FIG. It is designed to output . Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a third overload sensor 65 made of a magnetic sensor or the like is attached to the outside of the air motor 38, and detects overload in the direction of tilting of the grindstone 42 about the support shaft 39. When a load is applied, a detection signal is output based on abnormal proximity to the support arm 36.

Next, the arrangement of the switches on the control panel 57 will be explained according to FIG. 6. At the upper left side of the control panel 5a,
A mode selection switch 71 for selecting manual operation mode, teaching mode, and machining mode is provided, and display lamps 72a, 72b, 7 correspond to each selected position.
2c is placed.

The grindstone head 19 is located below the mode selection switch 71.
A direction selection switch 73 is provided for selecting the moving direction of the display lamp 74a corresponding to the selected position of the Y7 direction, the XY direction, and the X7 direction.

74b and 74C are arranged.

A teaching mode operating area 75 is provided in the center of the control panel 57, and an indicator lamp 76 that is lit when the teaching mode is selected by the mode selection switch 71 is provided above the operating area 75. A speed setting switch 77 for setting the moving speed of the grindstone head 19 in the teaching process is provided in the operation area 75.
Indicator lamp 7 corresponding to low speed, medium speed and high speed setting position
8a, 78b, and 78c are arranged. Below the speed setting switch 77 is a remaining time display section 79 for displaying the remaining time that can be stored in the teaching process.
is provided. Also, on the left side of the operation area 75,
Start switch 8 for starting the teaching process
0 and an end switch 81 for terminating.

On the right side of the control 5757 is a machining mode operation area 8.
2 is provided, and an indicator lamp 83 that is turned on when a processing mode is selected by the mode selection switch 71 is provided above it. On the right side of this operation order w/482, there is a time designation section 8 for specifying the total time of the machining process in advance.
4 and a remaining time display section 85 for displaying the remaining time of the machining process. Also, on the left side of the operation area 82, there is a start switch 8 for starting the machining process.
6 and an end switch 87 for termination.

Next, the configuration of the teaching device 59 will be described with reference to FIG. 7. An operation handle 91 is protruded from the right side of the front surface of the device, and an operation handle 91 can be moved freely within the range from the top to the left side according to the arrow attached to the front surface of the device. It can be rotated in the direction of. A pair of direction indicator lamps 92, 93, 94, 95 are provided at the upper and left side of the front of the device, and the control a.
The direction selection switch 73 on the board 57 controls the grinding wheel head 19.
When the movement direction is selected, for example, in the case of the Y7 direction, the display lamps 92 and 95, in the case of the XY direction, the display lamps 93.94, and in the case of the X7 direction, the display lamps 93.9
5 are each lit to indicate the operating direction of the operating handle 91.

A teaching device 59 corresponding to the operation handle 91
A pair of encoders 96 and 97 are provided inside, and are actuated via a rotation shaft or the like as the operating handle 91 is rotated to fall down and rotate, and the encoders 96 and 97 are operated to adjust the X, Y, and Z values according to the direction and amount of rotation.
It outputs a signal for driving each motor 8, 13, 20 for directional movement. Additionally, there is a start switch 9 on the front of the device to start the teaching process.
A speed reduction switch 99 is provided to further reduce the moving speed of the grindstone head 19 and the grindstone head 19 .

Next, the control circuit of the polishing machine configured as described above is connected to the eighth
To explain according to the diagram, a central processing unit (CPU) 101 constituting the control means has a read-only memory (ROM).
) 102 and a random access memory (RAM) 103 constituting a storage means are connected. The ROM 102 stores programs for controlling the entire operation of the polishing machine, and the RAM 103 stores the grinding wheel head 1 inputted by the teaching device 59 in the teaching process.
It is designed to store polishing route data, etc. of No. 9.

The CPL 1101 also includes a switch group 104 including various switches provided on the control panel 57, the teaching device 59, and the first to third overload sensors 61 to 61.
A group of 65 overload sensors 105 is connected via an input interface 106, and various signals from them are input to CPLllol. Furthermore, the CPU 101 includes the motors 8°13.20 for movement in the X, Y, and Z directions, the air motor 38, and the control panel 57.
An indicator lamp group 107 consisting of various indicator lamps on the upper and teaching device 59 is connected via an output interface 108 and drive circuits 109 to 113, and drive and stop signals are outputted from the CPU 101 to them. There is.

Next, the operation of the polishing machine configured as described above will be explained.

Now, in this polishing machine, as shown in FIG. 2, a workpiece W such as a molding die is placed on the table 25, and the workpiece W is carried into the processing position below the grindstone head 19, and the grindstone head 19 is processed. Surface Wx, Wy.

When teaching the polishing path by moving the grinding wheel head 19 to For example, two directions, X and Y, are selected and set. Next, when the speed setting switch 77 in the teaching operation area 75 sets the moving speed of the grindstone head 19 to, for example, medium speed and the start switch 80 is pressed, the remaining time display section 7
9 displays the remaining time for which data can be stored in the RAM 103, and display lamps 93 and 94 on the teaching device 59 are lit to indicate the operating direction of the operating handle 91.

Therefore, when the operating handle 91 is rotated arbitrarily in the X direction, Y direction, or an intermediate direction thereof according to the instructions from the display lamps 93 and 94, the encoder 96,97 sends the CPU 101 according to the direction and amount of rotation. A detection signal is output. cpu'+ oi based on the detection signal
A drive signal is output from the drive signal to the motors 8 and 13 for moving in the
is X.

While being moved by a predetermined amount in the Y direction, an equivalent signal is output from the CPU 101 to the RAM 103, and only position data is stored as polishing path data regardless of the tracing speed. Therefore, by lowering the operation handle 91 while confirming the movement position of the grindstone head 19, it is possible to easily store data on the polishing path in the X and Y directions along the processing surface Wz at the bottom of the workpiece W. .

Next, when polishing the bottom machined surface Wz on the workpiece W based on this stored polishing path data, the control panel 5
Select the machining mode using the mode selection switch 71 on the top of the screen, and press the time designation section 8 in the machining mode operation area 82.
In step 4, specify the total time of the machining process. When the start switch 86 is pressed in this state, the remaining time of the machining process is displayed on the remaining time display section 85, and the RAM 103
The polishing path data is read out to the CPU 101, and based on the data, a drive signal is output to the motors 8 and 13 for moving in the X and Y directions.Thereby, both motors 8 and 13 are rotated, and the grinding wheel head 19 is rotated. is moved in the X and Y directions.

At the same time, while the grindstone 42 is being pressed against the processing surface Wz at the bottom of the workpiece W by the action of the first air cylinder 44 shown in FIG. The processed surface WZ is sequentially polished along a predetermined polishing path. This polishing operation is repeated by reciprocating the grindstone head 19 along the polishing route data until the time preset by the time setting section 84 has elapsed. Therefore, there is no need to specify the polishing path for each process.
Polishing work can be performed efficiently.

Further, in this embodiment, the first movement of the grindstone head 19 in the machining process is performed from the movement end position of the grindstone head 19 in the teaching process to the movement start position, following the return path of the polishing path. It has become. Therefore, after the teaching process is completed, the grinding wheel head 1
9 does not need to be returned from the movement end position to the movement start position,
In addition to simplifying the operation, the grinding wheel head 1
When the grinding wheel 9 is linearly returned from the movement end position to the movement start position, it is possible to reliably prevent the grindstone 42 from colliding with a convex portion or the like on the processing surface.

Furthermore, when polishing the left and right machining surfaces Wx or the front and rear machining surfaces Wy of the workpiece W soil, the direction selection switch 73 is used to polish the two directions Y and Z or the X direction in the teaching process.
, with the two directions of z selected, the teaching device @59
By inputting the polishing path data, it is possible to easily and efficiently polish the left and right machining surfaces WX or the front and rear machining surfaces Wy in the machining process based on the polishing path data.

In addition, in the teaching process or the machining process, if the whetstone 42 comes into contact with a convex part on the machining surface and an overload is applied to the whetstone 42, the grindstone 42 shown in FIGS.
~ CPU from any of the fourth overload sensors 61 to 66
A detection signal is output to i o i. As a result, C
PU 101 to X.

A stop signal is output to the motors 8, 13, 20 for movement in the Y and Z directions and the air motor 38, and the movement of the grindstone head 19 and the machining operation of the grindstone 42 are immediately stopped. Also, at this time, a data erase signal is output from the CPU 101 to the RAMIO 3, and the polishing route data stored in the RAM 103 is invalidated. Therefore, there is no risk that the polishing work etc. will be continued in an overloaded state or that the polishing work will be repeated based on incorrect polishing route data, and the polishing work can be performed safely.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment described above, and for example, the designation of reciprocating motion in the machining process,
It is also possible to change the structure of each part arbitrarily without departing from the spirit of the invention, such as by specifying the number of times instead of the time specified in the above embodiment.

Effects of the Invention As detailed above, in this invention, if the grinding path of the grinding wheel is memorized in advance in the teaching process, the grinding wheel is reciprocated for a specified time or number of times according to the memorized grinding path in the machining process. This has an excellent effect of efficiently polishing the processed surface of the workpiece.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of a polishing machine embodying the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 8-A in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 8-A in Fig. 2. Figure 4 is a front cross-sectional view showing the structure of the grinding wheel head part on an enlarged scale, Figure 5 is a side view of the structure of the grinding wheel head part, but not enlarged, and Figure 6 is a control panel. FIG. 7 is an enlarged front view of the teaching device, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the control circuit. 19... Grinding wheel head, 42... Grinding wheel, 57... Control panel, 59... Teaching device, 71... Mode selection switch, 84... Time specifying section, 101... As control means CPU, 103...RAM as a storage means. Patent applicant: Nagase Iron Works Co., Ltd.
Person Patent Attorney On 1) Bosen Flute 2 [- Figure 8 Drawing No. 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The teaching device (59) moves the grindstone (42) along the machining surface (Wx, Wy, Wz) of the workpiece (W) while tracing a predetermined polishing path, and the tracing speed a teaching process in which only the polishing path is stored in the storage means (103) regardless of the process; and a process in which the grindstone (42) is repeatedly moved back and forth for a predetermined time or number of times according to the polishing path stored in the storage device (103). Polishing method consisting of process. 2. Claims characterized in that the first movement of the grindstone (42) in the machining process is performed by following an outward path from the movement end position of the grindstone (42) to the movement start position in the teaching process. The polishing method according to item 1.