JPS6222569B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a versatile threshing machine that combines the features of a normal type and a self-threshing type.

Threshing machines are broadly divided into regular types and self-threshold types depending on the type of threshing. The ordinary type feeds all harvested crops to a threshing cylinder for threshing, and while it has the advantage of reducing harvest loss, it is less efficient than the self-threshold type, and the waste straw is not fully utilized. Because of the disadvantage that it cannot be used, it is not widely used in Japan. On the other hand, the self-shedding type handles only the tips of the harvested crops, feeds them to the barrel, and performs threshing while conveying them, and can achieve high efficiency with low power and can collect waste straw easily. Therefore, it is widely used as a threshing machine for combine harvesters.

However, for crops such as wheat and beans where it is difficult to rectify the grain culm, it is preferable to use a regular type that feeds the entire crop to the threshing cylinder because it is more efficient with less harvest loss. When it came to installing a dedicated threshing machine, there were many problems in terms of equipment costs and annual operating rate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and includes a taking-in device having a spiral spiral at the grain-culm supply side end of the handling barrel, and a conveyor for supplying the grain to the upper side of this taking-in device. By installing the beater along the handling chamber and facing the lower supply port of the handling chamber for supplying the entire grain culm to the handling chamber, it combines the features of the normal type and the self-extracting type.
To provide a new threshing machine that can thresh all crops with high efficiency and less harvest loss.

Hereinafter, its configuration and the like will be explained in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a threshing machine according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is also a side sectional view. In the figure, a threshing machine 1 is equipped with a cylindrical handling chamber 2 extending back and forth, and a grain culm supply port 3 and a grain culm discharge port 4 are opened at the front and rear ends of the handling chamber 2, respectively. ing. Inside this handling chamber 2, a handling cylinder 5 formed in a cylindrical shape is mounted on a shaft over almost the entire length of the handling chamber 2. It is integrally formed with a threshing part 5a that extends over the grain culm, and a taking-in part 5b at the end on the side of the grain culm supply port 3, which is the remaining 1/4. On the peripheral surface of the threshing part 5a,
A large number of handling teeth 6 are arranged in a spiral shape, and the front end of the threshing section 5a is tapered to have a smaller diameter toward the taking-in section 5b. On the circumferential surface of the intake portion 5b, two spirals 7 serving as intake devices are spirally protruded with a phase shift of 180°, and the spiral direction rotates in the direction shown by arrow A in the figure. By doing so, the grain culm is set in the direction of being fed into the threshing section 5a. The front end of the intake portion 5b is also tapered to have a smaller diameter toward the front end.

The handling cylinder 5 configured in this manner has its inner circumferential surface covered with a handling cylinder cover 8 which is openable and closable and whose inner peripheral surface is formed in an arc shape concentric with the handling cylinder. Approximately 3/4 of the entire circumference is surrounded by a handling chamber receiving net 9 formed in an arc shape concentric with the shell 5. This handling chamber receiving screen 9 has a mesh that gradually becomes coarser toward the rear, and a dust exhaust port 10 is opened at the rear end. moreover,
A lower supply port 11 is opened in an inclined manner below the grain supply port 3, and a grain guide plate 12 extending diagonally forward from the lower edge of the supply port 11 extends obliquely to the front. ing. And this grain guide board 1
A beater 13 serving as a scraping device, which is formed in a prismatic shape extending in the width direction of the machine and rotates in the direction shown by arrow B in the figure, is mounted above the lower supply port 11 on a horizontal axis. The grain stems are transported by a conveyor (not shown) provided along the grain guide plate 12 and are scraped into the handling chamber 2 by the protrusions at the four corners of the square tube. It is configured as follows.

Further, the side plate 14 of the handling chamber 2 is opened with a grain culm insertion port 15 that connects the grain culm supply port 3 and the grain culm discharge port 4. A feed chain 16 running in the direction indicated by arrow C is stretched across the entire length of the handling chamber 2 with its starting end facing diagonally above the beater 13. Further, above the feed chain 16, the feed chain 16 is connected by a compression coil spring 17.
A peg 18 having a U-shaped cross section and biased toward the side is supported along the running end of the feed chain.

Below the threshing device configured as above,
A sorting chamber 21 is provided integrally with the handling chamber 2, and a sorting device generally designated by the reference numeral 22 is housed therein. That is, below the handling room receiving net 9, a swinging shelf 23 formed in the shape of an inverted triangular box is connected to an eccentric cam 24 and swinging levers 26, 26.
It is supported by and constructed so as to be oscillated by the rotation of the eccentric cam 24. A corrugated grenpan 27 and a large number of partition plates are installed at the upper opening end of the swinging shelf 23.
The eccentric cam 24 includes a chaf sheave 28 arranged in parallel in the swing direction of the eccentric cam 24 and a stroke rack 29 in which a bottom plate having a through hole is partitioned in the width direction by a plurality of saw blade-like fins.
They are arranged in order from the side. Further, a sorting net 30 is stretched under the chaff sheave 28, and furthermore, a rear stroll rack 31 having substantially the same structure as the rear stroke rack 31 is supported diagonally below the stroke rack 29. The swinging shelf 21 is opened downward between the supporting end of the sorting net 30 and the lower edge of the first sorting shelf 32 as the inclined bottom plate of the swinging shelf 23. A No. 1 spiral conveyor 33 formed in a spiral shape is mounted on a shaft below. Furthermore, there is an opening between the base end of the rear trolley rack 31 and the lower edge of the second sorting shelf 34, and a second spiral conveyor 35 formed in a spiral shape is mounted below this opening. ing. A No. 2 grain lifting machine 36 is provided at the shaft end of the No. 2 spiral conveyor 35, and a No. 2 reducing cylinder 37 is provided between the exhaust port and the longitudinal center of the handling chamber 2. It is connected. Further, below the grain pan 27 side of the swing shelf 23, a winnow 38 is mounted on a shaft, which rotates in the direction shown by the arrow D in the figure and blows the sorting air into the swing shelf 23.

On the other hand, the handling chamber receiving net 9 is bulged in a three-moon shape as shown by the broken line 9A in FIG. In the section corresponding to the reduction port 39,
A pair of front and rear dust sending plates 40 are provided which are rotatable between the dashed line and the solid line in FIG. Also, the first
Both ends of the handling trunk cover 8 shown as 8A and 8B in the figure are also bulged in a crescent shape like the handling chamber receiving net 9A, and these bulged parts 8A and 8B have a A plurality of dust sending plates 41 which are inclined toward the grain culm discharge port 4 side are protruded into the handling chamber 2 in a crescent shape. The frame 42 of the threshing machine 1 includes an outer wall 42a and front and rear side plates 42a, 42.
bc, and the handling chamber 2 is expanded in a funnel shape toward both supply ports 3 and 11 at the end on the front side plate 42b side, as shown by the two-dot chain line 2a in FIG.

The operation of the threshing machine 1 configured as described above will be explained first with respect to the threshing operation performed using the feed chain 16. Grain culms supplied to the feed chain 16 are It is conveyed while being held between the clamping rods 18.
The tip of the grain is supplied from the grain culm supply port 3 to the handling barrel 5, where it is threshed. The threshed grains pass through the mesh of the receiving net 9 in the handling room and fall onto the grain pan 27 and chaff sheave 28 on the swinging shelf 23, and the grains that have fallen onto the grain pan 27 are moved to the chaff sheave 28 by the swinging of the swinging shelf 23. be transported towards. The grains that have merged on the chaff sieve 28 fall onto the sorting net 30 through the gap between the partition plates, are sorted by the swinging of the swinging shelf 23 and the sorting wind from the winnower 38, and are then separated into the first helix. It falls onto the conveyor 33, is transferred, and is collected.

On the other hand, materials to be processed, such as straw waste, ear cuts, and pickles generated during threshing, are transferred within the handling chamber 2 toward the handling drum 5. Since the handling chamber receiving screen 9 becomes coarser toward the outlet side, grains separated from the processed material mainly leak out at the inlet side, and larger particles are leaked toward the outlet side. Spills, etc. are leaked. The fallen processed material is transferred to the chaff sieve 2.
While being transferred from 8 to the strut 29, the grains are sorted by the swinging of the rocking shelf 23 and the sorting wind from the winnowing machine 38, and after falling onto the sorting net 30 and joining with the grains mentioned above, Sorted and collected. In addition, the remaining processed material from which the grains have been separated joins the dust falling from the upper dust exhaust port 10 at the tip of the stroll rack 29 and falls onto the rear stroll rack 31, and after falling, it is collected from the winnower 38. It is sorted by the sorting wind, and light straw waste, dust, etc. become so-called No. 3 and are discharged from the dust outlet 43 to the outside of the machine. The waste left after sorting in this way becomes so-called No. 2, which falls onto the No. 2 spiral conveyor 35 and is transferred to the No. 2 grain lifting machine 36 to the No. 2 reduction tube 3.
7 and returned to the handling room 2. The reduced No. 2 joins the treated material transferred within the handling chamber 2, and thereafter the aforementioned sorting is repeated. Then, resistance is provided to the processed material and No. 2 transferred in this handling chamber 2 by the rotary type dust sending plate 40 and the fixed type dust sending plate 41, so that the grains are Separation is facilitated. In addition, by adjusting the rotation of the rotating dust sending plate 40 by external operation, the transfer speed of the processed material and the second reduced material can be adjusted in accordance with the difficulty of threshing due to drying and wetting of the grain culm, etc. be able to.

On the other hand, the grain culm from the threshing machine becomes waste straw and is discharged from the grain culm discharge port 4 to the outside of the handling chamber 2, and is deposited as is in the field in predetermined amounts, or is bundled with a tying machine and discharged. However, the processing method is selected depending on the intended use, such as cutting the straw by providing a straw cutter and scattering it on the field.

Next, the threshing work of wheat, beans, etc. will be explained. In this case, when the grain culms are supplied to the beater 13 by the conveyor along the grain culm guide plate 12, the grain culms are scraped from the lower supply port 11 into the handling chamber 2 by the rotation of the beater 13. be included. That is,
The entire grain culm is handled and scraped into chamber 2 from the base to the tip. The scraped grain stems are sent to the threshing section 5a side by the spiral action of the spiral 7 provided at the end of the handling barrel 5. In this case, dust sending plate 4 is used for grain culm.
1 provides resistance, which causes some of the grain to be threshed and transported along with the grain culm. after this,
The threshing and sorting after reaching the threshing section 5a of the handling drum 5 is essentially the same as described above, so a description thereof will be omitted. In this case, all the grain culms are thrown into the handling chamber 2, where they are threshed and sorted, so that the waste straw is finely divided and discharged from the dust outlet 43.

It goes without saying that the threshing machine according to the present invention can be used as a stationary type or a mobile type, and can also be used as a combine harvester by attaching a reaper. In the case of a combine harvester, the terminal end of the conveying device on the reaper side faces the starting end of the feed chain 16 and the spiral 7, respectively, and the grain culm is transferred between the two.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, a taking-in device is provided at the end of the grain culm supplying side of the handling barrel of the threshing machine for feeding the input grain culm to the threshing section of the handling barrel, which facilitates combing and threshing. In the case of crops such as rice, which are difficult to comb, the ears are handled while being transported by a feed chain, and in the case of crops, such as wheat and beans, which are difficult to comb but easy to thresh, the entire crop is put into the handling room. By arranging the system so that threshing is carried out by the intake section of the handling barrel and the threshing section, threshing can be done in a manner that is compatible with all crop conditions, and can be done with extremely high efficiency by simply selecting the method of supplying crops to the handling chamber. Since it can be carried out with less harvest loss, one machine can be used for multiple purposes, and the equipment is significantly rationalized and the operating rate is improved. In addition, a feed chain and a raking device are provided on the upper and lower sides, and by selecting one of them to supply crops from the upper and lower supply ports to the handling chamber, it is possible to create a top-handling type threshing system and a throwing-in type threshing system. and threshing can be carried out with extremely high efficiency by easy switching.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a threshing machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side sectional view thereof. 1... Threshing machine, 2... Handling chamber, 3... Grain culm supply port, 5... Handling barrel, 5a... Threshing section, 5b... Taking in section, 7... Spira, 11... Lower supply port ,
13...Vita, 16...Feed Chain.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A taking-in device 5b having a spiral spiral 7 is provided at the end of the grain supplying side of the handling cylinder 5, and the handling cylinder 5 supplies the grain to the upper side of this taking-in device 5b.
A carrier 16 is installed on the side of the handling chamber 2 to convey the entire grain culm into the handling chamber 2.
3 is installed so as to face the lower supply port 11 of the handling chamber 2.