JPS62203876A - Hydraulic clutch type steering device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent occurrence of such a situation that the earth is scraped up during steering of a vehicle on a soft ground and therefore, the vehicle fails to run further, by enabling either turn-off steering operation or skid steering operation which carries out off-road turning, to be carried out. CONSTITUTION:Hydraulic oil discharged from a hydraulic pump P2 is fed into an automatic steering valve 50 in which flow passages are selectively and automatically change over by means of a steering sensor. The automatic steering valve 50 senses a signal from the steering sensor 99 attached to the front section of a vehicle body, and automatically steers the vehicle body, right and left, by means of a solenoid 98. When the valve 50 is changed over for right or left steering operation, a part of hydraulic oil flows into rear chamber cylinders 66L, 66R to push steering operation timing valves 55L, 55R, clutch valve cylinder 57L, 57R, turn-off steering valves 56L, 56R is one unit body, and therefore, steering clutches are disengaged while steering brake is gradually applied, thereby the steering braking force is finally made to be large.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a redirecting device for running vehicles used in agricultural machinery, construction machinery, and the like.

(b) Conventional technology Traditionally, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, etc.
A hydraulic clutch type transmission device as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 139848 is known. Furthermore, an earlier application by the same applicant has been filed regarding a technology in which a hydraulic clutch device is also used in the steering clutch device and steering brake device of the hydraulic clutch type transmission.

(c) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The conventional turning device was equipped with only an on/off steering device that cuts off the rotation of the left and right drive axles and then performs steering braking. However, if the running ground is soft, the crawler or tire on the side that becomes the rotating shaft will dig into the soil when the steering is performed, causing problems such as making it impossible to run on the next leg. There was a problem.

In the present invention, it is possible to perform disconnection steering depending on the hardness and softness of the running ground,
It can be operated using either skit steering or interlining rotation. Additionally, the skid steering device can be installed later on in a standard transmission case.

(d) Means for solving the problem The object of the present invention is as described above. Next, the structure for achieving the object will be explained.

The speed changer rotates the rotation after the speed change to the gear 2 on the end of the speed change axis.
8, the left and right engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 on the steering shaft F.
8, the gear 45 that meshes with the gear 28 is fixed in the disconnect/disconnect steering device that connects/disconnects power to the steering gears 41 and 42 that are interlocked with the left and right axles GL and OR on the steering axis F. Left and right hydraulic skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 installed
and skid gears 43 and 4 that output power from the floats 28 that are connected and disconnected by the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6.
A skid steering device N in which 4 is supported on a coaxial shaft H of Japanese cedar wood is installed, and the skid gears 43 and 44 transmit the rotation after connection and disconnection to the steering gears 41 and 42 on the steering axis F. The gears mesh as best as possible.

Further, the skit steering device N can be attached from the outside of the mission case M.

(E) Structure of the Embodiment The object and structure of the present invention are as described above. Next, the structure of the embodiment shown in the attached drawings will be explained.

Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a transmission equipped with only a disconnect/disconnect steering device, Figure 2 is a side sectional view of a transmission equipped with a skid steering device, and Figure 3 is a state in which the skid steering device is attached. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a power transmission diagram in the case of only a disconnection steering device, and Fig. 5 is a power transmission diagram with a skid steering device also attached. Fig. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram with the skid steering device attached, Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the I-direction clutches 7 and 8, and Fig. 8 shows the skid steering switch 51 and automatic operation. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the travel gear shift lever 49° and skid steering switch 51, and FIG. 10 is a diagram of the side clutch lever.
5 is a drawing showing double engagement prevention switches 54L" and 54R" configured to prevent double engagement from occurring due to the operation of both the skid steering switch 51 and the skid steering switch 51.

First, the configuration in the case of only the disconnection steering device will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4.

Inside the mission case M, six shafts are supported in the left-right direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. The axis of the six trees is the human power axis E.
Sub-shift shaft A, Hydraulic clutch shaft B, Hydraulic clutch shaft C.
There are six types: shift end shaft D, steering shaft F, and drive axle G.

An opening is formed in the mission case M to which a blind cover K is attached, and the blind cover MK can be removed to attach a skid steering shaft H to the six shafts.

A pulley 10 is attached to the crankshaft of the engine 48, and power is transmitted to a V pulley 11 loosely fitted onto the input shaft E. 89 A main clutch device 13 is interposed between the Y pulley 11 and the input shaft E. On the input shaft E are double sliding gears 14 and 15 and double sliding gears 16 and 1.
7 is slidably arranged on the sub-shift shaft A.
Gears 21, 18, which engage with the sliding gear to perform sub-shifting.
19 and 23 are permanently installed. The input shaft E and the sub-shift shaft A
A four-speed sub-shift is performed between the two. Input shaft E and sub-shift shaft A
The rotation after being shifted to 4 gears between the left and right gears 20 and 22 on the sub-shift shaft A is transmitted to each hydraulic clutch device 1, 2, and 3.
・Power is transmitted to No. 4 loosely fitted gears 24, 26, 63, and 27.

Gear 20 meshes with gears 24 and 26, and gear 2
2 meshes with a gear 63, and the gear 63 meshes with a gear 27.

The rotation obtained by the engagement of the hydraulic clutch device 1 or 3 on the hydraulic clutch shaft B is caused by the rotation of the gear 25 on the hydraulic clutch shaft B.
The signal is transmitted to the gear 29 on the shift end shaft.

Further, the rotation obtained by the engagement of the hydraulic clutch device 2 or R on the hydraulic clutch shaft C is caused by the gear 6 on the hydraulic clutch shaft C.
4, the signal is transmitted to the gear 29 on the shift end axis.

A parking brake device 65 is arranged above the hydraulic clutch shaft C.

The rotation collected around the shift end shaft is transmitted from the gear 28 to the gear 31 disposed on the outer periphery of the integral case of the left and right engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8. Power is branched to the left and right by the clutch case portion.

When pressure oil flows into the cylinder chamber 7a of the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 7, the steering gear 41 rotates via the friction machine, and the drive axle GL rotates from the toothed bobbin 33. A drive sprocket 39 of the crawler set traveling device is rotated by the drive axle GL via gears 35 and 37.

Furthermore, when pressure oil is allowed to flow into the cylinder chamber 8a of the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 8, the steering gear 42 rotates via the friction plate.
The drive axle GR is rotated by the gear 34. The drive axle GR
The drive sprocket 40 of the crawler-two traveling device is then driven via the floats 36 and 38.

Conversely, when pressure oil is allowed to flow into the cylinder chamber 7b of the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 7, the engagement between the lτ friction plates is broken, the left drive sprocket 39 stops, and in order to further reduce the turning radius, Braking is performed by a hydraulic reversing brake device 9. Also, the cylinder chamber 8 of the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 8
When pressure oil flows into b), the engagement between the swing plates f is severed,
The drive sprocket 40 on the right side stops, and the hydraulic steering brake device 9R on the right side applies braking in order to further reduce the turning radius.

In this transmission, spare gears 30 and 32 having the same diameter are fixed on the shafts of the steering gears 41 and 42.

The preparatory gears 30 and 32 are not used and idle when steering is possible only by normal engagement/disengagement steering. As will be explained next, this gear is necessary when a skid steering device is attached to enable the skid gear.

Next, the configurations shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5 will be explained, in which a skid steering device is added to the configuration of the disconnection steering device shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.

The blind MK of the mission case M is removed, and the skid steering device N is inserted into the opening from the outside and fixed with bolts. The skid steering device N is integrally provided with electromagnetic skid steering valves 52 and 53. In addition, since the skid steering device N is also constituted by a hydraulic clutch device, it is necessary to obtain pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P of the transmission case M. The oil passage 47 of the skid steering device N is connected to the oil passage 47 of the skid steering device N.

The skid steering device N is composed of a skid I-direction axis H, skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6, and skid gears 43 and 44. In addition, the skit steering clutch device 5.
6 clutch cases are integrally arranged back to back, and a gear 45 is fixed to the outer periphery of the clutch case. The gear 45 meshes with the aforementioned gear 28 on the shift end axis. and the skid steering clutch device 5.
Skid gears 43 and 44, which are rotated by connection of No. 6, are always meshed with spare gears 30 and 32 on the steering axis F.

Next, a hydraulic circuit diagram of the hydraulic clutch type operating device of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

A hydraulic pump P is driven by an engine 48. Two sets of hydraulic pumps P1 and P2 are arranged. Hydraulic pump P1 is hydraulic clutch device 1, 2, 3, R for speed change.
This actuates the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 and the skit steering clutch devices 5 and 6. The hydraulic pump P2 is used in I) for operating the hydraulic steering brake devices 9L and 9R, the timing valves 55L and 55R for steering operation, and the Taranochi half cylinders 57L and 57R.

The pressure of the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump P1 is regulated by the delay relief valve 61, thereby suppressing sudden start when the hydraulic clutch device is connected. Is the pressure oil hydraulically controlled?
The III valve 49 switches between forward 1st speed, 2nd speed, 3rd speed, and reverse.

Furthermore, the pressure oil of the hydraulic pump P1 flows through the check valve 62L.
The oil is sent to the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 via the engagement/disengagement steering valves 56L and 56R. The above-mentioned skid steering valves 52 and 5 are provided between the disconnection steering valves 56L and 56R of this configuration and the disconnection steering clutch devices 7 and 8.
3 is interposed so that the pressure oil flowing to the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 can be switched to the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6.

Further, the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump P2 is sent to an automatic redirection valve 50 whose course is automatically selected and switched by a steering sensor. The automatic steering valve 50 senses a signal from a steering sensor 99 attached to the front of the aircraft and automatically steers the aircraft left and right using a solenoid 98. When the automatic steering valve 50 switches to left/right steering, pressure oil flows through the steering timing valve 55L.
The oil is sent to 55R, but some of it is sent to the back chamber cylinders 66L and 6 of the steering timing pulp 55L and 55R.
6R, and the steering timing valves 55L and 55R.
The timing is such that the clutch valve cylinders 57L and 57R and the engagement and disconnection steering valves 56L and 56R are pushed together, and while gradually applying steering braking, the steering clutch is then disengaged, and finally the steering braking force is increased. It constitutes.

When the automatic steering valve 50 is in the neutral position, the sight clutch levers 54L'' and 54R'' and the manual steering valve 54
Steering operation is possible with L.54R. When the manual steering valves 54L and 54R are operated, the steering timing pulps 55L and 55R are not switched, but the pressure oil flows into the cylinder chambers of the hydraulic steering brakes 9L and 9R, and one of them Flows into the clutch valve cylinders 57L and 57H, and is pushed by the clutch valve cylinders 57L and 57R to close/disconnect steering valve 56L.
・Switch 56R to disconnect the engagement/disengagement steering clutches 7 and 8. Even in the case of manual steering operation, the operation timing is configured such that the brake is applied lightly first, then the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 are disengaged, and finally the steering braking force is increased. .

In the above configuration, the present invention enables disconnection steering, skid steering, and reverse movement by operating the left and right skid steering valves 52 and 53 using the skid steering switch 51.

(f) Effects of the Embodiments The present invention is constructed as described above, and has the following effects.

First, by selectively sliding the sliding gears 14, 14, 16, and 17, one of the gears 21, 18, 19, and 23 on the sub-transmission shaft A is
is selected, and four sub-speeds are obtained.

Next, the shifting by the hydraulic clutch devices 1, 2, 3, and R will be explained. The hydraulic clutch device 1 is for the first forward speed, and when the hydraulic clutch device 1 is engaged, the gear 24 and the hydraulic clutch shaft B are connected, and the first forward speed is transmitted from the gear 25 to the gear 29 on the shift end shaft.

By coupling the hydraulic clutch device 2, the gear 2o is
Power is transmitted to the hydraulic clutch shaft C via the gear 6
4 transmits the second forward speed to the gear 29.

By coupling the hydraulic clutch device 3, the gear 63 and the hydraulic clutch shaft B are coupled, and the third forward speed is transmitted via the gear 25 to the gear 29 on the shift end shaft.

The hydraulic clutch device R is for reversing, and in this case, ]
The rotation of the wheel 22 is transmitted to the gear 27 via the gear 63,
Since the gear 63 also serves as a reverse gear, the hydraulic clutch shaft C rotates in the reverse direction, and the reverse rotation is transmitted from the gear 64 to the gear 29 on the shift end shaft.

In the case where only the engagement/disengagement steering device is used as shown in FIG. 4, when both the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 are connected, the vehicle is in a forward or reverse straight-ahead state determined by the upper gear transmission. . Next, by cutting off one of them, it will turn towards the broken direction. In order to reduce the turning radius, the hydraulic steering brake devices 9L and 9R are activated.

The effect of FIG. 5 when the skid redirecting device N is attached to this will be explained.

The gear 45 of the integrated clutch case of the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 is configured to have the same diameter as the gear 31 of the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8, and both of them have the same gear end axis. It meshes with the upper gear 28. Then, the 280 rotations of the gear are transmitted to the spare gear 30 on the steering axis F via the skid gears 43 and 44 on the skid steering axis H.
・The skid steering axis H becomes the reversal axis. When the gear 28 is rotating, the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8
Both clutch cases of the and skid steering clutch devices gi5 and 6 are always rotating, and either rotate the steering gears 41 and 42 via the skid gears 43 and 44, or rotate the steering gears 41 and 42 via the skid gears 43 and 44.
- By rotating the steering gears 41 and 42 directly from the engagement/disengagement steering clutch devices 7 and 8 without using the steering gears 44, it is possible to obtain reverse rotation in the forward and backward directions.

That is, both the on/off steering clutch devices 7 and 8 are in the engaged state, and both the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 are in the disengaged state. The direction of travel is determined by the transmission, and the vehicle travels straight.

Next, when both the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 are in the disengaged state, and either the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 7 or 8 is made in the disengaged state, the speed changer will gradually move around the side in the direction determined by the transmission and in the disengaged state. Do some redirection.

Next, when the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 7 is engaged, the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 8 is disengaged, the skid steering clutch device 5 is disengaged, and the skid steering clutch device 6 is engaged, the clockwise rotation is performed. Perform skid redirection.

Next, when the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 7 is disengaged, the engagement/disengagement steering clutch device 8 is engaged, the skid steering clutch device 5 is engaged, and the skid steering clutch device 6 is disengaged, the counterclockwise skid It performs steering.

Next, FIG. 8 shows an electric circuit diagram for performing skid steering. The switch 51 that selects the direction of skin steering has two contacts, and when it is in the middle position and is not connected to anything, it can be turned gently by the engagement/disengagement steering clutches 7 and 8, and when it is connected to one contact, Skid redirection valve 5
When the solenoid 52 of the skind valve 53 is energized, the above-mentioned counterclockwise skid steering is achieved, and when the other contact is connected, the solenoid 53 of the skind valve 53 is energized, and the above-mentioned clockwise skid steering is obtained. Each skid maneuver is executed by switching to the state in which the vehicle is operated and moving the traveling speed change lever 49° of the hydraulic control valve 49 toward the forward side.

In addition, the front self-selection switch 51 and each solenoid 52'
, 53", to prevent double engagement of the engagement/disengagement steering clutches 7 and 5 and skid steering clutches 8 and 6 by operating the side clutch levers 54L" and 54R" during skid steering. , side clutch lever 54L"/54R
Switches 54L', 5 which become open when the switch 54L' is operated
4R' is installed.

Similarly, in order to disable skin-to-steer steering during automatic steering, a dual-type automatic civil selection switch 58 is provided, and a contact on one side thereof is interposed between the power source and the selection switch. There is.

(G) Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

First, depending on the hardness and softness of the running land price, it is possible to choose between disconnection steering and skid redirection, and by performing disconnection steering on soft ground, digging up the ground and making subsequent driving impossible. There is nothing to do.

Second, by making it possible to attach parts for skid redirection as a skid steering device N through the side opening of the mission case M, it is possible to convert a device that can only perform disconnection steering into a device that can also perform skid steering. has become easy to do.

Thirdly, the device that only allows for engagement/disengagement steering is simply the addition of spare gears 30 and 32 to the configuration of the conventional hydraulic clutch type civilian device, and it constitutes a running vehicle capable of skid steering without major modification. It was possible to do that. Moreover, if the steering floats 41 and 42 and the spare gears 30 and 32 are constructed in the same shape,
The spare gears 30 and 32 are also necessary (this allows a conventional hydraulic clutch-type steering device that only performs engagement/disengagement steering to be changed to a vehicle capable of skid steering.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a transmission with only a disconnection/redirection device, Figure 2 is a side sectional view of a transmission equipped with a skid steering device, and Figure 3 is a side sectional view of a transmission with a skid steering device. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X-X to show the state, Fig. 41 is a power transmission diagram when only the disconnect/disconnect steering device is used, and Fig. 5 is a power transmission diagram when the skid 1 cross-direction device is also attached. Figure 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram with the skid steering device attached, Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the engagement/disengagement steering clutches 7 and 8, and Figure 8 is the skid steering switch 51 and automatic steering. The electric circuit diagram of the device part, Figure 9 shows the travel gear shift lever 49゛ and skid steering switch 510.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a portion of the double engagement prevention switches 54L and 54R, which are configured to prevent double engagement by the edges of both the side clutch lever and the skid steering switch 51. be. A...Sub-shift shaft B, C...Hydraulic clutch axis D...Shift end shaft F...I Kuwa coaxial GL, GR...Drive axis H...Skid operation Coaxial M... Mi-notion case N... Skid steering device K... Blind lid 1.2, 3. R... Hydraulic clutch device 5.6... Skid steering clutch/notch device 7.8...
... Connection/disconnection steering clutch device 30.32... Reserve gear 41.42... Redirection gear 43.44... Skid gear 50... Automatic steering pulp

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The rotation after the gear change is controlled by the gear 28 on the gear end shaft D by connecting and disconnecting the left and right steering clutch devices 7 and 8 on the steering axis F. Left and right axle GL
, in the disconnection/disconnection steering device that connects and disconnects power to the steering gears 41 and 42 interlocked with the GR, left and right hydraulic skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 each having a fixed gear 45 that meshes with the gear 28; , a skid steering device N is installed in which skid gears 43 and 44 that output power from the gear 28 connected and disconnected by the skid steering clutch devices 5 and 6 are supported on one skid steering shaft H. , the skid gears 43 and 44
A hydraulic clutch type steering device characterized in that the gears are engaged with each other in order to transmit rotation after connection and disconnection to steering gears 41 and 42 on a steering shaft F. (2) A hydraulic clutch type steering device characterized in that the skid steering device N according to claim 1 can be attached from the outside of the mission case M.