JPS6219697A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a heat exchanger capable of performing efficient heat exchange between both fluids by operating a pump on one side by partitioning an annular space formed between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder into a primary flowpath and secondary flowpath by means of a partitioning plate, providing a fluid driving device in one of the flowpaths, and providing a magnetic field generator in an arrangement in which a magnetic flux intercrosses the annular space. CONSTITUTION:A circular inner drum 41 is provided at the central part of an cylindrical outer drum 40 in a concentric manner thereby to form an annular flowpath 42 having a width L between the inner and outer drums. Cylindrical magnets 43 are axially provided in several stages around the outer periphery of the outer drum 40, and a bar-like iron core 44 is provided within the inner drum 41 to form a magnetic field generator. The annular flowpath 42 is partitioned into a primary flowpath 46 and a secondary flowpath 47 means of a partitioning plate 45. A secondary fluid 58 is caused to flow through a secondary inlet nozzle 53 by means of a pump 8, branched into respective secondary flowpath 46 at a lower plenum 52, converted into an upward flow 59, amalgamated at an upper plenum 50, and flows out of a secondary outlet nozzle 51. In the process of becoming the upward flow 59, an electromagnetic flow coupler function is actuated, and a primary fluid 61 is caused to flow through a primary inlet nozzle 55 and heat exchange with the secondary fluid 58 is performed at a downcoming flow 60.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat exchanger suitable for a heat exchange layer between conductive fluids such as liquid metals.

[Background of the invention]

A wide variety of heat exchangers for liquid metals, such as liquid sodium, have been devised and put into practical use.

Figure 7 shows a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is the most common structure known. This structure is US LM
Liquid Metal Handbook (Sojume Nak Supplement) published by the EC Committee r Liqu
id Metals Handbook (Sodiu
mand Nak 3upplement)J196
This is an example of what is described in 7-6. Also, when this heat exchanger is used as an intermediate heat exchanger for transporting heat from the secondary system to the secondary system of a fast reactor (fast breeder reactor).

A cooling system diagram shown in FIG. 2 is also included.

First, the structure and function of this prior art will be explained. Figure 2 shows the primary system, secondary system, and fast reactor system.

This shows a steam-based cooling system. Fast reactor reactor vessel 1
There is a reactor core 2 inside the reactor, which is filled with a primary coolant 3 such as liquid sodium. There is an inlet at the bottom of the furnace vessel 1, an outlet nozzle at the top, and a primary system pump 4 at the inlet nozzle. An intermediate heat exchanger 5 is connected to the outlet nozzle portion through a pipe 6 to form a primary cooling system 7. A secondary pump 8 and a steam generator 9 are connected to the secondary side of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 via piping 10 to form a secondary cooling system 11. A water supply pump 12 is installed on the secondary side of the steam generator 9. A steam turbine 14 to which a generator 13 is directly connected is connected via piping 15 to form a steam system 16.

The heat generated in the reactor core 2 flows through the coolant 3 by driving the secondary pump 4 and is transported to the intermediate heat exchanger 5 side. In the secondary system 11, the heat of the intermediate heat exchanger 5 is transported to the steam generator 9 side by driving the secondary system pump. Using the transported heat, the steam generator 9 converts the water from the water supply pump 12 into superheated steam, supplies it to the steam turbine 14, and drives the turbine.

This is a system that rotates a generator 13 and obtains electricity from one generator 13.

In this system, the secondary cooling system 7 circulates radioactive coolant, so to ensure safety, heat is first transferred to the non-radioactive coolant of the secondary cooling system 11 via the intermediate heat exchanger 5, and then superheated steam is transferred. It's something you get.

FIG. 3 is an example showing a specific structure of the shell-and-tube type intermediate heat exchanger 5. As shown in FIG.

A plurality of tubular heat transfer tubes 22 are supported inside a cylindrical shell 21 between an upper tube sheet 23 and a lower tube sheet 24 to form a tube bundle 25. The tube bundle 25 is supported by a support mechanism 26 provided inside the shell 21 and is supported by an upper tube plate 23. An upper plenum 27 and a lower plenum 28 are formed in respective portions of the lower tube sheet 24. In the region of the tube bundle 25, a primary inlet nozzle 29 is provided in the upper part of the shell, a primary outlet nozzle 30 is provided in the lower part, a secondary inlet nozzle 31 is provided in the lower plenum part, and a secondary outlet nozzle 32 is provided in the upper plenum part. In the intermediate heat exchanger 5 configured as described above, the heating fluid 33 is introduced from the primary input nozzle 39 by an external pump, passes through the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube 22, and flows out from the secondary input nozzle. On the other hand, the fluid to be heated 34 is introduced from the secondary inlet nozzle 31 by an external pump, is divided into each heat exchanger tube 22 at the lower plenum 28, flows inside each heat exchanger tube 22, and joins at the upper plenum 27. , exits from the secondary inlet nozzle 32'. Therefore, in the heat transfer tube bundle 25 portion, the heating fluid 33 and the heated fluid 34 flow in opposite directions via the heat transfer wall, and heat is exchanged from the heating fluid 33 side to the heated fluid 34 side.

As described above, in order to operate the conventional intermediate heat exchanger, K requires primary and secondary pumps 4.8 as auxiliary equipment. - Because radioactive fluid flows through the secondary cooling system, maintenance of the equipment used in the primary system is extremely difficult. Therefore, high reliability of the equipment is required. In particular, both the primary and secondary mechanical pumps 4.8 have rotating parts, which can cause trouble.
It is a device with the highest raw potential. If possible, a simple system omitting such equipment is desired, but both the primary and secondary pumps 4 and 8 using a conventional intermediate heat exchanger are required. An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that can perform efficient heat exchange between the secondary or secondary fluid by driving a pump on one side of the secondary fluid.

[Summary of the invention]

The basic structure of the present invention is that an annular space formed between an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder is connected to a primary flow path and a secondary flow path using a wave-shaped conductive partition plate having bent portions on both cylinder sides. A heat exchange device comprising: a fluid drive device provided in one of the two flow channels, and a magnetic field generating device arranged such that the magnetic flux crosses the annular space; When a conductive fluid is made to flow in one channel, the conductive fluid present in the other channel flows against the force of the other fluid [moving device], and both conductive fluids in one channel flow. Heat exchange is performed in the room through a partition plate.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a specific structure of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a cylindrical inner cylinder 41 is concentrically arranged at the center of a cylindrical outer fi 40, and is shown in FIG. 4 between the inner and outer cylinders. Annular flow path 42 as wide as
form. A cylindrical magnet 43 is arranged on the outer periphery of the outer cylinder 40 in several stages in the axial direction, and a rod-shaped iron core 44 is provided inside the inner cylinder 41 to form a magnetic field generating device. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a three-stage magnetic circuit in the axial direction is described as an example. ,3J
The BB cross section of the underflow channel 42 portion is shown in the tlX4 diagram. That is, 1
A wave-shaped partition plate 45 is inserted into the MI-shaped channel 42 . The partition plate 45 is made of a conductive material and has a wave shape with bent portions on the inner cylinder 41 and outer cylinder 40 sides. The bent portion is attached to the outer cylinder 40 or the inner cylinder 41.

In this way, the annular flow path 42 is divided into a primary flow path 46 and a secondary flow path 47 by the partition plate 45 .

The upper end opening of this secondary flow path 47 is opened by the upper plate 48.
As shown in the figure, it is closed and separated from the upper plenum section 50. The upper end opening of the secondary flow path 47 opens into the upper plenum portion 50 . For this purpose, a primary fluid 61 which is a conductive liquid is used.
(Liquid) flows from the firing nozzle 55 through the jacket 54 integrated with the outer cylinder 40 only into the primary flow path 47, and does not mix into the upper plenum portion 50.

Further, the lower end opening of the secondary flow path 47 is closed with a bottom plate 49 as shown in FIG. 6, and is partitioned from the lower plenum portion 52. Therefore, the upper end opening of the secondary flow path 46 opens and communicates with the lower plenum portion 52. Therefore, only the -th fluid 61 flows into the outer cylinder 4.
The secondary fluid 58, which is IJ fluid, flows in from the secondary inlet nozzle 53 through an external force such as the secondary pump 8. The flow is divided into each secondary flow path 46 in the plenum part 52, and each secondary flow path 46 becomes an upward flow 59, and each divided flow is divided into the upper plenum part 5.
0 and flows out from the secondary outlet nozzle 51. In the process of this upward flow 59, the electromagnetic flow coupler function is activated and automatically applies a flow force to the liquid sodium primary fluid 61 existing in the primary flow path 47, causing the primary fluid 61 to become a downward flow 60, and as a result, the primary An electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger is established in which the fluid 61 flows in from the primary inlet nozzle 55, exchanges heat with the secondary fluid 58 in 60 parts of the downward flow, and then flows out from the primary outlet nozzle.

Furthermore, the principle of operation thereof will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9. Figure 7 illustrates the basic operating principle of an electromagnetic flow coupler. When a force (F) is applied from a perpendicular direction within a common magnetic field (B), the magnetic field (B) and force (F) A current (I) is induced in the direction perpendicular to . This phenomenon is a generator part of Fleming's right-hand rule. A force (P) is generated in a conductor in a magnetic field (B) that receives a current (I) in a direction perpendicular to the current (I) and the magnetic field (B). This phenomenon is a motorized part based on the 7 lemmings' left hand rule.

Therefore, an electromagnetic flow coupler is established in which a secondary force in the opposite direction is induced in one conductor by applying an external force such as the secondary pump 8 to one of the conductors existing in the common magnetic field.

This magnetic induction relationship will be explained in comparison with the structure of the present invention.

In FIG. 8, for convenience, it is assumed that the magnetic pole of the outer circumferential magnet 43 appearing on the surface of FIG. 8 is (N), and the magnetic pole of the central iron core 44 is (S). Therefore, one annular flow path in which the magnetic flux 62 exists radially from the periphery toward the central core 44 is divided into a plurality of parts by the partition plate 45, and the -order flow path 46 and the secondary flow path 47 are arranged alternately. The secondary fluid of the upward flow 59 (■ mark) is transferred to the secondary pop 8
When flowing through the secondary flow path 46 due to an external force such as that caused by an external force, a current proportional to the flow velocity is generated in the secondary flow path 46 portion within the annular flow path, and each current is combined to form a loop current 63 coaxial with the annular flow path. is formed. A conductive fluid such as IJum has a magnetic flux of 6.
2 receives this loop current 63 to generate a downward flow force of 6° (indicated by ■) in the opposite direction to that of the secondary fluid. Each −
The fluid forces generated in the secondary flow path 47 are combined and become the overall pumping force of the primary fluid 61.

FIG. 9 illustrates the relationship between the magnetic circuit and the current circuit in an axial cross section of the present invention. In the embodiment, an example is described in which three stages of magnets 46 are provided in the axial direction, but by arranging the magnetic pole directions as N-8°S-N and N-8 as shown in Figure 1, each magnetic flux direction can be changed. be synthesized. Therefore, the magnetic flux distribution in the axial direction exhibits maximum magnetic flux densities of opposite polarity at the magnetic pole portions.

When the driving fluid flows through the annular flow path portion, a loop current 63 is generated which becomes maximum at each magnetic pole portion. This loop current 63 is induced in opposite directions at the maximum point of each magnetic flux density, but since the magnetic field 62 and loop current 63 are both in opposite directions, the relative direction of the force is There is no difference. therefore.

The pumping force due to the electromagnetic flow kagura is generated not only in the radial direction but also in the entire axial direction.

In this way, a heat transfer effect is obtained over the entire surface of the heat transfer wall by the partition plate 45, and an electromagnetic flow coupler type heat exchanger is established in which the electromagnetic flow coupler effect operates effectively.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, by forming the annular channel shape, the direction of magnetic field, current, and fluid, which are necessary conditions for the operation of the electromagnetic flow coupler, as well as the direction of fluid flow and heat flow during heat exchange, can be controlled. , all are reasonably matched, so the electromagnetic pump and heat exchanger can be integrated without requiring a special electrode structure.

Further, since the partition plate is wave-shaped and has a large heat transfer area and is continuous wave-shaped, there are fewer steps such as welding the inner and outer cylinders of the partition plate, and the amount of thermal deformation is also small.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, one pump in both the primary and secondary fluid flow path system is used to cause both the primary and secondary fluids to flow through the heat transfer wall surface for heat exchange. The effect can be achieved by driving.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flow path system diagram of the fast reactor cooling system, Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the schematic structure of a conventional heat exchanger, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow B-B of Figure M1, and Figure 5. is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 1, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in Figure 1, and Figure 7 shows the relationship between the current, magnetic flux, and force vectors of the electromagnetic flow coupler. The perspective view and FIG. 8 show the current in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a current path and a magnetic flow path in one embodiment of the present invention. 8...Secondary system pump, 40...Outer cylinder, 41...Inner cylinder. 42... Annular flow path, 43... Magnet, 44... Iron core, 45... Partition plate, 46... Secondary flow path, 47...
- Current path, 48...Top plate, 49...Bottom plate, 50...
・Upper plenum section. 51...Secondary outlet nozzle, 52...Lower plenum part. 53... Secondary inlet nozzle, 54... Upper jacket. 55...-Blow nozzle, 56... Lower jacket. 57...-Next output nozzle, 58...Secondary fluid, 59
...Upward flow, 60...Downward flow, 61...-Next fluid, 62...Magnetic flux% 63...Loop current.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The annular space formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is divided into a primary flow path and a secondary flow path by a wave-shaped conductive partition plate having bent portions on both cylinder sides, and the A heat exchange device including a fluid drive device in one of the flow paths and a magnetic field generating device arranged such that magnetic flux crosses the annular space.