JPS62184773A - Fuel cell power generating system and its operating method - Google Patents
Fuel cell power generating system and its operating methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62184773A JPS62184773A JP61024514A JP2451486A JPS62184773A JP S62184773 A JPS62184773 A JP S62184773A JP 61024514 A JP61024514 A JP 61024514A JP 2451486 A JP2451486 A JP 2451486A JP S62184773 A JPS62184773 A JP S62184773A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- load
- power
- heat
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 41
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000143476 Bidens Species 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［発明の技術分野］
本発明は燃料電池発電システムおよびその運転方法に関
するしのである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation system and a method of operating the same.
［発明の技術的背量とその問題点コ
従来、・燃料の有しているエネルギーを直接電気的エネ
ルギーに変換するものとして燃料電池が知られている。[Technical complexity of the invention and its problems] Fuel cells have been known as devices that directly convert the energy contained in fuel into electrical energy.
この燃料電池は通常、電解質層、を挟んで燃料ｉ転およ
び酸化剤極の一対の多孔質電極を配置すると共に、燃料
極の背面に水素等の燃料を接触させ、また酸化剤極の背
面に空気等の酸化剤を接触させ、これらを電気化学的に
反応させて発電を行なうようにしたものであり、上記燃
料と酸化剤が供給されている限り高い変換効率で電気エ
ネルギーを取出ずことができるものである。そして、こ
の種の燃料電池としては種々のものがあるが、以下では
電解質としてリンＭＴｉ解質を用いたリン酸型の燃料電
池について説明する。This fuel cell usually has a pair of porous electrodes, a fuel electrode and an oxidizer electrode, placed in between an electrolyte layer, a fuel such as hydrogen in contact with the back of the fuel electrode, and a pair of porous electrodes with an electrolyte layer in between. It is designed to generate electricity by bringing an oxidizing agent such as air into contact and causing them to react electrochemically.As long as the above fuel and oxidizing agent are supplied, electrical energy can be generated with high conversion efficiency. It is possible. Although there are various types of fuel cells of this type, a phosphoric acid type fuel cell using phosphorus MTi electrolyte as an electrolyte will be described below.
この種の燃料電池は通常、燃料電池で発電に使用する燃
料としての水素ガスを得るための改質器を備えて、燃第
３１電池琵電システム全体を構成していることが多い。This type of fuel cell usually includes a reformer for obtaining hydrogen gas as a fuel used for power generation by the fuel cell, and often constitutes the entire fuel cell biden system.
すなわち、炭化水素ガスあるいはアルコール等の含酸素
炭化水素ガス（以下、これらを総称して炭化水素系ガス
と称する）とスチームの混合ガスを改質器に導入し、こ
の改質器により炭化水素系ガスをスチーム改質して改質
ガスを生成し、ざらにこの改質ガスをシフ１〜コンバー
タ等の各種機器系統を通して水素ガスとし、この水素ガ
スを燃料電池へその燃料として導入してこれを空気と電
気化学的に反応させて発電を行ない。That is, a mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas or oxygen-containing hydrocarbon gas such as alcohol (hereinafter collectively referred to as hydrocarbon-based gas) and steam is introduced into a reformer, and this reformer converts hydrocarbon-based gas into The gas is reformed with steam to generate reformed gas, and this reformed gas is converted into hydrogen gas through various equipment systems such as the shifter 1 and the converter, and this hydrogen gas is introduced into the fuel cell as its fuel. Generates electricity by electrochemically reacting with air.
その発電電力を外部の負荷へ供給するようにしている。The generated power is supplied to an external load.
ところで、このような構成の燃料電池発電システムにお
いて、燃料電池に対するト負荷要求量が急速に増加した
ような場合には、この負荷急増に対応するため改質器へ
導入する混合ガス量を増加して、燃料電池による発電電
力５を増加させることが必要となる。しかしこの場合、
改質器へ導入する混合ガス量を増加してから実際に燃料
電池での発電電力量が増加するまでには、系の時定数の
分だけ発電電力の立ち上り時間が遅れることになり、急
速な負荷増加に瞬時に追従することができないという問
題がある。そこで、このような電力需要の急速な負荷増
加に対応するためには、システムをできる限りコンパク
ト化して系の時定数を極力小さくすることが必要である
が、上述した従来の燃料電池発電システムでは、各構成
機器の機能の面から時定数をどうしてもある限界値以下
に小さくすることは不可能である。By the way, in a fuel cell power generation system with such a configuration, if the load demand on the fuel cell increases rapidly, the amount of mixed gas introduced into the reformer must be increased in order to cope with this sudden increase in load. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the electric power 5 generated by the fuel cell. But in this case,
From the time when the amount of mixed gas introduced into the reformer is increased until the amount of power generated by the fuel cell actually increases, the rise time of the power generated is delayed by the time constant of the system, resulting in a rapid rise in the amount of power generated by the fuel cell. There is a problem that it is not possible to instantly follow the increase in load. Therefore, in order to respond to this rapid increase in power demand, it is necessary to make the system as compact as possible and minimize the system time constant. However, the conventional fuel cell power generation system described above In view of the functions of each component, it is impossible to reduce the time constant below a certain limit value.
［発明の目的］
本発明は上記のような問題点を解消するために成された
もので、その目的は急速な負荷増加に対し瞬時に追従し
て負荷へ安定に電力を供給することが可能な燃料電池発
電システムおよびその運転方法を提供することにある。[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to instantly follow rapid load increases and to stably supply power to the load. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell power generation system and a method for operating the same.
［発明の概要］
上記の目的を達成するために本発明では、炭化水素系ガ
スとスチームの混合ガスを導入し、炭化水素系ガスをス
チーム改質して改質カスを生成する改質器と、この改質
器で生成された改質ガスを燃料として導入し、この燃料
を空気と電気化学的に反応させて発電を行ない、かつこ
の発電電力を負荷へ供給する燃ｎ電池と、この燃料電池
と電気的に接離可能に設けられ８当該燃Ｆ１１！池から
の余剰発電電力を熱として蓄熱可能な蓄熱器とを備えて
燃料電池発電システムを構成し、その運転を行なう場合
に、通常詩は、上記燃料電池に対する最大負荷要求量に
見合った負荷型以上の発電を燃料電池により行ない、そ
の余剰発電電力を上ｉ２！蓄熱器へ熱として蓄熱し、上
記燃料電池に対する發央負荷要求最の急速増加時には、
上記蓄熱器を燃料電池から切離するようにしたことを特
徴とする。[Summary of the Invention] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reformer that introduces a mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas and steam and reformes the hydrocarbon gas with steam to generate reformed scum. , a fuel cell that introduces the reformed gas produced by this reformer as fuel, electrochemically reacts this fuel with air to generate electricity, and supplies this generated power to a load, and this fuel The fuel F11 is installed so that it can be electrically connected to and separated from the battery. When constructing and operating a fuel cell power generation system equipped with a heat storage device capable of storing surplus generated power from a pond as heat, it is usually necessary to use a load type that corresponds to the maximum load required for the fuel cell. The above power generation is performed by fuel cells, and the surplus generated power is used as i2! Heat is stored in the heat storage device, and when the load demand on the fuel cell increases rapidly,
The present invention is characterized in that the heat storage device is separated from the fuel cell.
［発明の実施例］
以下、本発明の一実施例について図面を参照して説明す
る。[Embodiment of the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第１図は、本発明による燃料電池発電システムの構成例
をブロック的に示したものである。第１図において、１
はメタンガス簀の炭化水素系ガスとスチームの混合ガス
２を導入し、これを予熱媒体３によりスチーム改質温度
付近まで予熱するための予熱器、４は加熱用ガス５．お
よび上記予熱器１で昇温された炭化水素系ガスとスチー
ムの混合ガス６をそれぞれ導入し、炭化水素系ガスをス
チーム改質して改質ガスを生成する改質器、７はこの改
質器４で生成された改質ガス８を導入し。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention. In Figure 1, 1
4 is a preheater for introducing a mixed gas 2 of hydrocarbon gas from a methane gas tank and steam and preheating it to around the steam reforming temperature using a preheating medium 3; 4 is a heating gas 5; and a reformer, into which a mixed gas 6 of hydrocarbon gas and steam heated in the preheater 1 is introduced, and the hydrocarbon gas is steam-reformed to produce a reformed gas; The reformed gas 8 generated in the vessel 4 is introduced.
この改質カス８より一酸化炭素を除去して水素リッチな
カスを１ｑるシフトコンバータ等を備えてなる各種敗器
系統である。また、９は上記各種機器系統７を通して１
ｑられた水素ガス１０を燃料として導入し、この燃料を
図示しない空気供給装置から供給される空気と電気化学
的に反応させて発電を行なう燃料電池であり、その発電
電力を外部の負荷１１へ供給するようにしている。一方
、１２は上記燃料電池９の出力側に開閉器１３を介して
電気的に接離可能に設けられた蓄熱器であり、燃料電池
９からの余剰発電心力を加熱用電源として直接熱に変換
し、その熱を蓄熱媒体１４によりシステム内の必要な熱
供給部、例えば上３１の予熱媒体３あるいは加熱用ガス
５へ供給するようにしている。なお、１５は必要に応じ
て使用する蓄熱媒１ホ１４加熱用の補助加熱源である。These are various defeater systems including a shift converter and the like that remove carbon monoxide from the reformed scum 8 and convert 1q of hydrogen-rich scum into it. In addition, 9 is connected to 1 through the various equipment systems 7 mentioned above.
This is a fuel cell that generates electricity by introducing q hydrogen gas 10 as a fuel and electrochemically reacting this fuel with air supplied from an air supply device (not shown), and transmits the generated electricity to an external load 11. We are trying to supply it. On the other hand, 12 is a heat storage device that is electrically connected to and disconnected from the output side of the fuel cell 9 through a switch 13, and directly converts the surplus generating power from the fuel cell 9 into heat as a heating power source. Then, the heat is supplied by the heat storage medium 14 to a necessary heat supply section in the system, for example, the preheating medium 3 in the upper part 31 or the heating gas 5. Note that 15 is an auxiliary heating source for heating the heat storage medium 14, which is used as necessary.
かかる如く構成した燃料電池発電システムにおいて、炭
化水素系ガスとスチームの混合カス２は予熱器１で予熱
媒体３によってスチーム改質温度付近まで予熱され、こ
れにより’Ｆｌ １ｍされた炭化水素系ガスとスチーム
の混合ガス６は改質器４に導入される。この改質器４で
は、炭化水素系ガスをスチーム改質して改質ガスを生成
し、この改質器４で生成された改質ガス８は各種機器系
統７を通して水素ガス１０となり、燃料として燃料電池
９へ導入される。そして、この燃料電池９に導入された
水素ガス７は、図示しない空気供給装置から供給される
空気と電気化学的に反応して発電が行なわれ、その発電
電力は負荷側へ供給されることになる。In the fuel cell power generation system configured as described above, the mixed gas 2 of hydrocarbon gas and steam is preheated by the preheating medium 3 in the preheater 1 to around the steam reforming temperature, and thereby the hydrocarbon gas and the A steam mixed gas 6 is introduced into the reformer 4 . In this reformer 4, hydrocarbon gas is steam-reformed to produce reformed gas, and the reformed gas 8 produced in this reformer 4 passes through various equipment systems 7 to become hydrogen gas 10, which is used as fuel. The fuel is introduced into the fuel cell 9. The hydrogen gas 7 introduced into the fuel cell 9 electrochemically reacts with air supplied from an air supply device (not shown) to generate electricity, and the generated electricity is supplied to the load side. Become.
すなわち、その運転方法について具体的に述べると、ま
ず通常時は燃料電池９に対する最大負荷要求量に見合っ
た負荷量以上の発電を燃料電池９により行ない、その余
剰発電電力を蓄熱器１２へ熱に変換して蓄熱させる。つ
まり、いま仮に外部の負荷１１が５０％負荷ｍである場
合に、７５９５の負荷量で改質器４の運転を行なうと２
５％の電力が余剰となる。そして、この時は開閉器１３
を閉じて余剰の電力を蓄熱器１２へ供給し、これを熱に
変換し蓄熱媒体１４を介して予熱媒体３あるいは加熱用
ガス５へ供給することによって余剰電力を消費させる。That is, to describe the operating method in detail, first, under normal conditions, the fuel cell 9 generates power in an amount equal to or more than the maximum load required for the fuel cell 9, and the surplus generated power is transferred to the heat storage device 12 as heat. Convert and store heat. In other words, if the external load 11 is 50% load m, if the reformer 4 is operated with a load of 7595, 2
5% of electricity will be surplus. And at this time switch 13
is closed to supply surplus power to the heat storage device 12, which is converted into heat and supplied to the preheating medium 3 or the heating gas 5 via the heat storage medium 14, thereby consuming the surplus power.
次に、このような状態からいま燃料電池９に対する最大
負荷要求ｍが急速に増加した場合には。Next, if the maximum load request m for the fuel cell 9 suddenly increases from this state.
開閉器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２を燃料電池９から電気的
に切離する。つまり、いま仮に外部の負荷１１が５０％
負荷量から７５％負荷量に急速に増加した場合には、開
閉器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２を燃料電池９から電気的に
切離することにより、蓄熱器１２への電力を全て負荷１
１へ供給する。The switch 13 is opened to electrically disconnect the heat storage device 12 from the fuel cell 9. In other words, if the external load 11 is now 50%
When the load increases rapidly from the load amount to 75%, the switch 13 is opened to electrically disconnect the heat storage device 12 from the fuel cell 9, so that all the power to the heat storage device 12 is transferred to the load 1.
Supply to 1.
この結果、通常運転時に蓄熱器１２へ供給されていた電
力分は、全て瞬時に外部の負荷１１へ供給されることに
なる。なおこの場合、開閉器１３を開いた後においては
、蓄熱器１２へ供給していた分を補助加熱源１５で浦な
うことにより、システムは熱バランスすることになる。As a result, all of the electric power that was supplied to the heat storage device 12 during normal operation is instantaneously supplied to the external load 11. In this case, after the switch 13 is opened, the auxiliary heating source 15 replaces the amount that was being supplied to the heat storage device 12, thereby achieving heat balance in the system.
上述したように本実施例では、予熱器１で予熱された炭
化水素系ガスとスチームの混合ガス６を導入し、炭化水
素系ガスをスチーム改質して改質ガスを生成する改質器
４と、この改質器４で生成された改質ガス８より水素ガ
スを得る各種機器系統７と、この各種機器系統７がらの
水素ガス１゜を燃料として導入し、この水素ガス１０を
空気と電気化学的に反応させて発電を行ない、かっこの
発電電力を外部の負荷１１へ供給する燃料電池つと、こ
の燃料電池９と開閉器１３を介して電気的に接離可能に
設けられ、当該燃料電池９からの余 。As described above, in this embodiment, a mixed gas 6 of hydrocarbon gas and steam preheated by the preheater 1 is introduced into the reformer 4 which reforms the hydrocarbon gas with steam to generate reformed gas. Then, various equipment systems 7 obtain hydrogen gas from the reformed gas 8 generated in this reformer 4, and 1° of hydrogen gas from these various equipment systems 7 is introduced as fuel, and this hydrogen gas 10 is mixed with air. A fuel cell that generates electricity through an electrochemical reaction and supplies the generated power to an external load 11 is provided so that it can be electrically connected to and separated from the fuel cell 9 via a switch 13. The remainder from battery 9.
剰発電電力を熱として蓄熱可能な蓄熱器１２とを備えて
燃料電池発電システムを構成し、その運転を行なう場合
に、通常時は燃料電池９に対する最大負荷要求ｍに見合
った負荷同以上の発電を燃料型ｉｔ！！９により行なＣ
）、その余剰発電電力を開閉器１３を介し蓄熱器１２へ
熱として蓄熱し、上記燃料電池９に対する４＆４ｅ負荷
要求出の急速増加時には開閉器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２
を燃料電池９か・ら電気的に切離し０通常運転時に蓄熱
器１２へｔｌＪ（袷されていた電力弁を負荷１１へ供給
するようにしたものである。When operating a fuel cell power generation system including a heat storage device 12 capable of storing heat by converting surplus generated power into heat, the power generation system normally generates power at a load equal to or higher than the maximum load request m for the fuel cell 9. The fuel type it! ! Performed by 9C
), the surplus generated power is stored as heat in the heat storage device 12 via the switch 13, and when the 4 & 4e load request to the fuel cell 9 increases rapidly, the switch 13 is opened and the heat storage device 12 is stored as heat.
is electrically disconnected from the fuel cell 9 and supplied to the heat storage device 12 during normal operation.
従って、通常運転中における急速な負荷増加に対し瞬時
に追従して負荷１１へ安定に電力を供給することができ
るばかりでなく、通常運転時の余剰省力を負荷１１に対
する電力供給に影響を与えない状態で蓄熱器１２に熱と
して蓄熱することにより、通常運転時の余剰電力を有効
的に利用して燃料電池発電システム全体の熱バランスを
図り熱効率を向上させることが可能となる。Therefore, not only can power be stably supplied to the load 11 by instantaneously following a rapid load increase during normal operation, but also surplus labor savings during normal operation will not affect the power supply to the load 11. By storing heat in the heat storage device 12 in this state, surplus power during normal operation can be effectively used to balance the heat of the entire fuel cell power generation system and improve thermal efficiency.
次に、本発明の池の実施例について図面を参照して説明
する。Next, embodiments of the pond of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
第２図は、本発明による燃料電池発電システムの他の構
成例をブロック的に示したものであり、第１図と同一部
分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異
なる部分についてのみ述べる。第２図において、１６は
モータ１７により駆動され、第１図における燃料電池９
１＼供給する水素ガス１０の一部を所定圧力に加圧する
圧縮機、１８はこの圧縮機１６で加圧された水素ガスを
貯蔵する水素ガス貯蔵タンクであり、その貯蔵した水素
ガスを減圧弁１９を介して燃料電池９へ供給し得るよう
にしている。なお、上述のモータ１７は開閉器２０を介
して燃料電池９の出力側に接続している。すなわち本実
施例は、前述した燃料電池９に対する番央負荷要求邑の
急速増加時に対応するため、水素ガスを加圧状態で貯蔵
しておき必要に応じてこれを燃料電池９へ供給する設備
を、上述した蓄熱器１２に加えて備えるようにしたもの
である。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another configuration example of the fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention. The same parts as in FIG. I will only describe the parts. In FIG. 2, 16 is driven by a motor 17, and the fuel cell 9 in FIG.
1\ A compressor that pressurizes a part of the supplied hydrogen gas 10 to a predetermined pressure; 18 is a hydrogen gas storage tank that stores the hydrogen gas pressurized by the compressor 16; and the stored hydrogen gas is transferred to a pressure reducing valve. The fuel can be supplied to the fuel cell 9 via the fuel cell 19. Note that the above-mentioned motor 17 is connected to the output side of the fuel cell 9 via a switch 20. That is, in this embodiment, in order to cope with the sudden increase in the load demand for the fuel cell 9 described above, equipment is provided to store hydrogen gas in a pressurized state and supply it to the fuel cell 9 as needed. , is provided in addition to the heat storage device 12 described above.
すなわち、かかる燃料電池発電システムにおいて、いま
仮に外部の負荷１１が５０％負荷団である場合に、１０
０％の負荷廼で改質器４の運転を行なうと５０％の電力
が余剰どなる。そして、この時は開閉器１３を閉じて余
剰の電力を蓄熱器１２へ供給し、これを熱に変換し蓄熱
媒体１４を介して予熱媒体３あるいは加熱用ガス５へ供
給することによって、余剰電力の半分である２５％の電
力を消費させる。また、開閉器２０を閉じて余剰の電力
をモータ１７へ供給し、これにより圧縮ｂ１１６を駆動
して燃料電池９への水素ガス１０の一部を導入し、これ
を加圧して水素ガス貯蔵タンク１８へ貯蔵することによ
って、余剰電力の残りの半分である２５％の電力を消費
させる。That is, in such a fuel cell power generation system, if the external load 11 is 50% load group,
When the reformer 4 is operated at a load of 0%, 50% of the electric power becomes surplus. At this time, the switch 13 is closed to supply surplus power to the heat storage device 12, converting it into heat, and supplying it to the preheating medium 3 or heating gas 5 via the heat storage medium 14. It consumes 25% of the power, which is half of the total power consumption. Additionally, the switch 20 is closed to supply excess power to the motor 17, thereby driving the compressor b116 to introduce a portion of the hydrogen gas 10 into the fuel cell 9, pressurizing it and supplying it to the hydrogen gas storage tank. 18, the remaining half of the surplus power, 25%, is consumed.
次に、このような状態からいま燃料電池９に対する４奔
負荷要求量が急速に増加した場合には。Next, if the amount of load required for the fuel cell 9 rapidly increases from this state.
開閉器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２を燃料電池９から電気的
に切離する。つまり、いま仮に外部の負荷１１が５０％
負荷量から７５％負荷ｍに急速に増加した場合には、開
ｌ５Ｊ１器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２を燃料電池９から電
気的に切離することにより、蓄熱器１２への２５％の電
力を全て負荷１１へ供給する。また、若し仮に外部の負
荷１１が５０％負荷量から１００９６負ｖＩ量に急速に
増加した場合には、開閉器１３を開いて蓄熱器１２を燃
料電池９から電気的に切離することにより、蓄熱器１２
への２５％の電力を全て負荷１１／＼供給する。またこ
れと同時に、７５％負ｖＩ弓から１００％負荷量の変化
に対応するために、開閉器２０を開いてモータ１７を燃
料電池９から電気的に切離することにより、モータ１７
への２５％の電力を全て負荷１１へ供給する。この結果
、通常運転時に蓄熱器１２およびモータ１７へそれぞれ
供給されていた電力弁は、全て瞬時に外部の負荷１１へ
供給されることになる。The switch 13 is opened to electrically disconnect the heat storage device 12 from the fuel cell 9. In other words, if the external load 11 is now 50%
When the load rapidly increases to 75% load m, 25% of the power to the heat storage device 12 is transferred by opening the open l5J1 device 13 and electrically disconnecting the heat storage device 12 from the fuel cell 9. All are supplied to the load 11. Furthermore, if the external load 11 rapidly increases from 50% load to 10096 negative vI, the switch 13 can be opened to electrically disconnect the heat storage device 12 from the fuel cell 9. , heat storage device 12
25% of the power to the load 11/\ is supplied. At the same time, in order to respond to the change in load amount from 75% negative vI bow to 100% load, the motor 17 is electrically disconnected from the fuel cell 9 by opening the switch 20.
All 25% of the power is supplied to the load 11. As a result, all of the power supplied to the heat storage device 12 and the motor 17 during normal operation is instantaneously supplied to the external load 11.
なおこの場合、モータ１７の駆動源として使用されてい
た圧縮動力に見合った水素ガスは、バランス上余ってく
るはずである。つまり、改質器４はその分の改質ガス生
成を行なっていたことになる。したがって、この場合改
質器４はその余分な改質ガス生成分の負荷ｍを低減して
バランスを取ることになる。また、モータ１７で消費し
ている２５％以上の外部負荷需要が出たような場合には
、水素ガス貯蔵タンク１８に貯蔵中の加圧水素ガスを減
圧弁１９を開いて燃料電池９へ供給することにより、急
速な負荷の増加に対応することができる。In this case, there should be a surplus of hydrogen gas commensurate with the compression power used as a drive source for the motor 17 in terms of balance. In other words, the reformer 4 was producing the amount of reformed gas. Therefore, in this case, the reformer 4 reduces the load m of the excess reformed gas produced to maintain balance. Additionally, if an external load demand equal to or greater than 25% of the amount consumed by the motor 17 occurs, the pressurized hydrogen gas stored in the hydrogen gas storage tank 18 is supplied to the fuel cell 9 by opening the pressure reducing valve 19. By doing so, it is possible to cope with a rapid increase in load.
尚、上記第２図の実施例では外部の負荷１１が５０％負
荷量から１００％負荷量へ急速に増加した場合、また１
００％負荷量よりも更に負荷が増大する場合を想定して
説明したが、これらの負荷りは蓄熱系の能力、水素ガス
貯蔵系の能力に応じて自由に変更しくｑるものであり、
これによって本発明の主旨が変わるものではない。In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, when the external load 11 rapidly increases from 50% load to 100% load,
The explanation has been made assuming the case where the load increases further than the 00% load amount, but these loads can be changed freely according to the capacity of the heat storage system and the capacity of the hydrogen gas storage system.
This does not change the gist of the present invention.
その他、本発明はその要旨を変更しない範囲で、種々に
変形して実施することができるものである。In addition, the present invention can be modified and implemented in various ways without changing the gist thereof.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明によれば、急速な負荷増加に
対し瞬時に追従して負荷ｌ＼安定に電力を供給すること
ができ、また通常運転時の余剰電力を有効的に利用して
システム全体の熱効率を向上させることが可能な信頼性
の高い燃料電池発電システムおよびその運転方法が提供
できる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to instantly follow a rapid load increase and stably supply power to the load, and to effectively utilize surplus power during normal operation. A highly reliable fuel cell power generation system that can be used to improve the thermal efficiency of the entire system and a method for operating the same can be provided.
第１図は本発明の一実副例を示す構成ブロック図、第２
図は本発明の他の実施例を示す構成ブロック図である。
１・・・予熱器、２・・・炭化水素系ガスとスチームの
混合ガス、４・・・改質器、７・・・各種機器系統、８
・・・改質ガス、９・・・燃料電池、１０・・・水素ガ
ス、１１・・・負荷、１２・・・蓄熱器、１３．２０・
・・開閉器、１６・・・圧１１磯、１７・・・モーフ、
１８・・・水素ガス貯蔵タンク、１つ・・・減圧弁。
出願人代理人 弁理士 鈴江武彦
！
第１図FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing one example of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a configuration block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Preheater, 2... Mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas and steam, 4... Reformer, 7... Various equipment systems, 8
...Reformed gas, 9...Fuel cell, 10...Hydrogen gas, 11...Load, 12...Regenerator, 13.20.
... Switch, 16... Pressure 11 Iso, 17... Morph,
18...Hydrogen gas storage tank, one...pressure reducing valve. Applicant's representative Patent attorney Takehiko Suzue! Figure 1
Claims (4)
炭化水素系ガスをスチーム改質して改質ガスを生成する
改質器と、この改質器で生成された改質ガスを燃料とし
て導入し、この燃料を空気と電気化学的に反応させて発
電を行ない、かつこの発電電力を負荷へ供給する燃料電
池と、この燃料電池からの余剰発電電力を熱として蓄熱
し、かつ前記燃料電池に対する負荷要求量が急増すると
前記燃料電池から切離される蓄熱器とを備えて構成する
ようにしたことを特徴とする燃料電池発電システム。(1) Introducing a mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas and steam,
A reformer that steam-reforms hydrocarbon gas to produce reformed gas, and the reformed gas produced by this reformer is introduced as fuel, and this fuel is electrochemically reacted with air. A fuel cell that generates electricity and supplies the generated power to a load, and a heat storage device that stores surplus generated power from the fuel cell as heat and is disconnected from the fuel cell when the load demand for the fuel cell increases rapidly. What is claimed is: 1. A fuel cell power generation system comprising:
スチームの混合ガスの予熱に使用するようにしたことを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の燃料電池発
電システム。(2) Fuel cell power generation according to claim (1), characterized in that a part of the heat stored in the heat storage device is used for preheating a mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas and steam. system.
るいはスーパーヒートに使用するようにしたことを特徴
とする特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の燃料電池発電シ
ステム。(3) The fuel cell power generation system according to claim (1), wherein a part of the heat stored in the heat storage device is used for generating steam or for superheating.
炭化水素系ガスをスチーム改質して改質ガスを生成する
改質器と、この改質器で生成された改質ガスを燃料とし
て導入し、この燃料を空気と電気化学的に反応させて発
電を行ない、かつこの発電電力を負荷へ供給する燃料電
池と、この燃料電池と電気的に接離可能に設けられ、当
該燃料電池からの余剰発電電力を熱として蓄熱可能な蓄
熱器とを備えて成る燃料電池発電システムの運転方法に
おいて、通常時は、前記燃料電池に対する最大負荷要求
量に見合つた負荷量以上の発電を燃料電池により行ない
、その余剰発電電力を前記蓄熱器へ熱として蓄熱し、前
記燃料電池に対する負荷要求量の急速増加時には、前記
蓄熱器を燃料電池から切離するようにしたことを特徴と
する燃料電池発電システムの運転方法。(4) Introducing a mixed gas of hydrocarbon gas and steam,
A reformer that steam-reforms hydrocarbon gas to produce reformed gas, and the reformed gas produced by this reformer is introduced as fuel, and this fuel is electrochemically reacted with air. A fuel cell that generates power and supplies the generated power to a load, and a heat storage device that is electrically connectable to and detachable from the fuel cell and that can store surplus generated power from the fuel cell as heat. In the operating method of a fuel cell power generation system consisting of a fuel cell power generation system, under normal conditions, the fuel cell generates power in excess of a load amount corresponding to the maximum load requirement for the fuel cell, and the surplus generated power is stored as heat in the heat storage device. . A method of operating a fuel cell power generation system, characterized in that the heat storage device is disconnected from the fuel cell when a load demand on the fuel cell increases rapidly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61024514A JPH06105622B2 (en) | 1986-02-06 | 1986-02-06 | Fuel cell power generation system and operating method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61024514A JPH06105622B2 (en) | 1986-02-06 | 1986-02-06 | Fuel cell power generation system and operating method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62184773A true JPS62184773A (en) | 1987-08-13 |
| JPH06105622B2 JPH06105622B2 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
Family
ID=12140277
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61024514A Expired - Lifetime JPH06105622B2 (en) | 1986-02-06 | 1986-02-06 | Fuel cell power generation system and operating method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH06105622B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001126742A (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-11 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel cell electric power generating apparatus |
| JP2006528416A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2006-12-14 | エイデスヴィク エーエス | Buffer / converter / disposal system between fuel cell and process |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6041767A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-03-05 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generation plant |
| JPS60109728A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1985-06-15 | エンゲルハ−ド・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Fuel battery/battery hybrid system with battery charging level control |
| JPS6121516A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel battery power generating system |
| JPS61259795A (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-18 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fuel cell-seawater desalting machine composite apparatus |
-
1986
- 1986-02-06 JP JP61024514A patent/JPH06105622B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6041767A (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-03-05 | Toshiba Corp | Fuel cell power generation plant |
| JPS60109728A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1985-06-15 | エンゲルハ−ド・コ−ポレ−シヨン | Fuel battery/battery hybrid system with battery charging level control |
| JPS6121516A (en) * | 1984-07-09 | 1986-01-30 | Hitachi Ltd | Fuel battery power generating system |
| JPS61259795A (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-18 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fuel cell-seawater desalting machine composite apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001126742A (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-05-11 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Fuel cell electric power generating apparatus |
| JP2006528416A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2006-12-14 | エイデスヴィク エーエス | Buffer / converter / disposal system between fuel cell and process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06105622B2 (en) | 1994-12-21 |
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