JPS62172666A - Water exciting type battery, manufacture of the battery and lamp using the battery - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Background of the Invention A slow-onset or storage battery for use as an emergency or survival device that utilizes a magnesium anode and a silver halide cathode and is compatible with excitation by the addition of an aqueous fluid is well known in the art. has been known for some time. Magnesium is a suitable anode material for such slow generation batteries because it has a high voltage series, good structural strength, is light in weight, is easy to make, and is readily available. However, magnesium is chemically extremely active and must therefore be handled with care.
Exposure to the atmosphere, especially the warm and salty atmosphere of the marine environment where survival equipment is commonly used, some chemicals, especially 1! It corrodes easily due to its proximity to the chemical salts employed in Ikegawa's electrolyte solution.

Primarily because of this magnesium anode corrosion problem, prior art slow-onset batteries adapted for emergency or survival use do not contain electrolytic material internally, either in dry form or as a liquid solution, and therefore the batteries are Excitation required the addition of total or complete electrolyte solution to the cell. This has generally limited these slow-release batteries to use in connection with marine survival equipment where salt water provides the required total electrolyte required for excitation. The use of such salt water as an electrolyte resulted in suboptimal excitation because the sea water was not a saturated salt solution. Additionally, such salt water pumped cells are typically physically complex requiring controlled inlet passageways, fluid flow separators, chambers to accommodate the accumulation of flakes from the magnesium anode, etc.

Discloses such slow-generation cells that employ magnesium anodes and silver rhodanide cathodes that require total or complete electrolyte addition and are therefore generally restricted to use in salt water environments. Prior art patents include the following US patents:

Warner et al. No. 2,663,749 Lockwood No. 2,896,067 Armiteso No. 3,326,724 Warnani Patent No. 2,663,74
No. 9 and Armiteso Patent No. 3,326,724 suggest that fresh water can be used as the electrolyte; however, in this regard, the Armiteso patent states that the electrolyte can be made of water along with the reaction product salts from electrolytic action. It goes without saying that fresh water has significantly poorer electrolyte, and if this fresh water is the only electrolyte added to excite the cell, the excitation will be even more pronounced. It's getting late,
For reliable and sufficient operation of batteries in emergency or survival equipment, the resulting current capacity of the batteries is lower.

The corrosive nature of magnesium anode materials has tended in the past to make late-onset batteries generally unreliable after extended shelf life, and therefore generally unsuitable for use in emergency or survival equipment, so the prior art Attempts have been made to provide a sufficiently corrosive coating on magnesium. However, to date the methods and chemistries required to create such corrosive coatings on magnesium are generally unsatisfactorily complex, time consuming, and expensive. Warner et al., U.S. Pat. No. 2,663,749, supra, describes one such magnesium coating method, and Grouper et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,303,054 describes a delayed-acting, , describes other complex magnesium coating methods employed in the production of reliable "dry cell batteries" that have limited shelf life and are therefore unsuitable for subsistence devices.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of these and other problems in the art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure of the type embodying a magnesium electrode and a silver oxide cathode, with a dry electrolyte supported intermediate the electrodes. To provide a novel slow-acting battery such that an aqueous fluid, which may be fresh or distilled water, containing a material and thus added to the battery immediately generates the full electrical output potential of the battery. It is in.

Another object of the invention is to prevent the corrosive deterioration of magnesium due to the atmosphere even in the marine region, and in particular to prevent the detergent bath from forming a film on the anode, which prevents the anode from coming into close contact with dry aqueous electrolyte material. , thus providing a fully slow-acting battery of the aforementioned characteristics, containing electrolytes and requiring only the addition of water for full voltage excitation that is reliable and immediate after a long shelf life. An object of the present invention is to provide a new method for coating a magnesium anode of a battery with delayed discharge.

Another object of the invention is to provide a coated magnesium anode as a tubular body or shell, a silver halide cathode in the form of a rolled sheet arranged concentrically within the anode tube, preferably silver chloride, and an anode. An elastic, porous material saturated with dry electrolyte arranged in resilient biasing engagement between the anode and cathode for positive relative positioning of the anode and cathode and positive dielectric contact between the two electrodes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a slow-onset cell of the type described above with a novel mechanical structure employing a rolled sheet of absorbent insulating material with a porosity of the dry electrolyte-supported insulating material. The material preferably includes pores extending through the sheet of material for improved ion exchange properties, and the receiver of the magnesium hydroxide flake that is peeled off from the anode includes pores as a body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a light bulb having an inner surface with a cheek hook extending outwardly into the bulb receiving end, a male threaded base portion with a cheek hook forming one of the electrical terminals, near the free end. The battery includes a deformable locking screw element that loosely threads into the base of the bulb, such that the base of the bulb with the locking screw element can be pushed into the chi-shaped hole in the magnesium body. , the light bulb is further screwed into the lock screw element so as to exhibit a return wedge engagement with good electrical contact between the base of the light bulb, the lock screw element and the anode body of the battery. An object of the present invention is to provide a slow-onset battery of the characteristics described above, including a novel device for releasably supporting the battery within one end of the battery.

Another object of the invention is that a tubular magnesium anode is utilized as the lamp body, the bulb being seated at one end of the body and the other end carrying any characteristics for the purpose of substantially instantaneous excitation of the bulb after a long shelf life. The object of the present invention is to provide a survival or emergency lamp which employs a slow-onset battery of the character described above, which is open for the inflow of an aqueous fluid.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide a light bulb adapted to fall into the wood body as a floating signal light, with a slow-onset battery mounted on top, electrically connected to the battery exposed within the light transmission dome. and sealed inside a can-like cylindrical container with the dome having a container bottom adapted to be torn along a tear line or crevice line to expose the battery prior to dropping the unit into water; It is an object of the present invention to provide another type of survival or emergency lamp which employs a slow-onset battery of the characteristics described above.

A further general object of the present invention is to employ a dry electrolyte material internally so as to require only the addition of water for excitation, and to have a simple construction with a long shelf life without substantial deterioration. The object of the present invention is to provide a new slow-generation battery having the above-mentioned characteristics, which is attractive because of its easy-to-assemble top-edge appearance, and which is entirely self-contained.

Other objects and advantages of the invention can be found in the following reading of the specification, in which structural details, modes of operation and novel method steps of preferred embodiments of the invention can be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will become clear within.

Referring first to FIGS. 1 through 8 in the drawings, the presently preferred form of the slow-on battery according to the present invention is generally shown in FIGS.
The battery, denoted by 0, includes the main body of the battery and a cylindrical shell made of magnesium, which acts as an anode. The magnesium can be any magnesium alloy conventionally employed in slow-generation cells or other primary cells. - An example of a suitable magnesium alloy, which is given by way of example only and is not limiting, is AZ21B magnesium.

Although the magnesium shell 12 of the slow-onset cell 10 can be made to any desired size within the scope of the present invention, in accordance with the present invention, the dimensions found to be practical in test cells provide a good current flow. Consecration and appropriate anode area for capacity,
To accommodate a conventionally sized bulb and a locking screw element at one end, the inner diameter is approximately 1.27 Cffl (1/2 inch), the wall thickness is 0.178 CI11 (0,070 inch), and the length is approximately 6 mm. The dimensions are .35 inches (2.5 inches). The cells shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are slightly larger than the actual dimensions of such a test unit, while the cells shown in FIG. 3 are slightly larger than the actual dimensions of such a test unit. big.

The cylindrical anode shell 12 has a front end or terminal 14 and a rear end or water inlet end 16. Although the slow-onset battery 10 of the present invention can be used for any purpose, it is particularly useful for survival or emergency use, and in the consecrated form of such a lamp is generally 18.
The bulb, designated as , is seated directly within the front end of the shell 12 or terminal 14, as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

The bulb 18 has a glass portion 20 of the bulb seated in the front end or terminal 14 of the shell, but mostly projecting outwardly from the shell to provide good illumination when energized.
A generally spherical glass portion 20 is included which is larger than the inner diameter of the shell 12 at 4.

The light bulb 18 also includes a false terminal 22 in the form of a threaded and grooved base with a minimum diameter near its free end; A central terminal 24 is provided, projecting in the opposite direction from the free ends of the side terminals 22. The anode shell 12 is provided with a forwardly flared inner surface 26 that opens at the front terminal terminal 14 and that extends over the bulb 18 within the front end of the anode shell 12. For quick and reliable assembly, the false terminal 22, which is the base of the bulb, and the intermediate locking screw element 28 are adapted to cooperate with a complementary cheek part. The locking screw element 28 is preferably a single wire loop, as best shown in FIG. The winding part is slightly larger. The locking screw element 28 is loosely threaded onto the outer terminal near the free end of the threaded base false terminal 22 and generally within the last turn of its threaded groove, thus locking the threaded base. False terminal 22 as the base of the light bulb with screw element 28
is forced into the inner chimled forward end portion of the anode shell 12 until the locking screw element 28 frictionally seats against the chimled inner surface 26 of the shell. As a result, the glass portion 20 of the bulb remains attached to the terminal 14 which is the front end of the shell 12.
It remains spaced outward from the Next, the glass part 20
is grasped and rotated so that the bulb 18 is fully seated in the fully seated position illustrated in FIGS. Seated against 14. Thus, when the bulb is inserted into its fully seated position, the locking screw element 28 remains in a generally fixed axial position relative to the shell 12 9 on its grooved inner surface. 26, the external thread on the bulb base false terminal 22 runs within the locking screw element 28, and the threaded base false terminal 2'2 is wedged against the front end of the shell 12. good mechanical connection of the bulb and also the false terminal 22 of the bulb and the anode shell 12.
The locking screw element 28 has a firm wedge engagement with both the internal surface 26 of the chi-e shell and the false terminal 22 with a tapered threaded base to provide a good electrical connection between the two. enhance

A hole 30 is provided through the wall of the cylindrical anode shell in the front end of the shell but spaced rearwardly from the locking screw element 28. This hole 30 allows trapped air and reactant gases to be released from the cell when the rear end of the cell, water inlet end 16, is immersed in water to energize the cell.

The slow firing battery 10 also includes a somewhat shorter orifice extending forward from the water inlet end 16 at the rear end of the cylindrical shell 12 to the innermost end of the bulb 18, which is the central terminal 24 of the bulb. Also included is an electrolyte layer 32 extending to a position shorter than 30. Electrolyte layer 32 is preferably in the form of a rolled sheet 34 of highly absorbent, porous insulating material that is soaked in a saturated electrolyte solution and dried to support the maximum amount of dry electrolyte therein. The sheet of absorbent insulating material 34, after being filled with dry electrolyte, is preferably rolled into multiple layers and inserted into the cylindrical anode shell 12 through the rear water inlet end 16.

FIG. 7 shows that the sheet 34 is porous or perforated;
5 illustrates a preferred construction of the present invention for an absorbent sheet 34 bearing a dry electrolyte material, which is generally reticulated with absorbent web portions 5) 36 and perforations 38; The web portion 36 has a highly absorbent, porous, plotter-like consistency, and the material is rolled into the cylindrical anode shell 1.
Preferably, it has a substantial elasticity t-W in a direction perpendicular to its plane so as to provide a radial biasing effect between the inner and outer electrodes when in the actuated position within 2. A suitable porous, resilient, absorbent insulation material for sheet 34 is j
It is commercially available as Handi-WipeJ.

A preferred electrode of the invention is an aqueous IJ chloride solution. The porous sheet 34 is typically heated with sodium chloride at a solution temperature preferably in the range of about 37.8°C (100°C) to 65.56°C (150°C) with excess salt to ensure saturation. Sheet 3 is immersed in a fully saturated aqueous solution and then
4 is filled with solution and placed on a flat non-absorbing surface;
dried. Therefore, the absorbent web portion 36 of the sheet remains filled with dry salt and also provides a substantial amount of dry salt within the tear holes 38.

3 and 4 due to the highly absorbent nature of the sheet 34.
A rolled sheet 34 operatively disposed within the slow-burning cell 10 as best shown in the figures is constructed by immersing the rolled sheet 34 in water or otherwise exposing it to an aqueous fluid. When the roll sheet 34 is turned on, water is quickly drawn through the body of the entire rolled sheet 34. As the water thus rapidly wicks into the rolled sheet 34, it dissolves the dry electrolyte therein and "switches on" the battery.

The tear holes 38 in the sheet 34 provide improved ion exchange properties when the cell is in operation, and also ensure that the magnesium hydroxide flakes do not significantly interfere with ion exchange and, therefore, the flow of current from the cell. The receiver also serves as a body for the flakes that tend to separate from the anode during operation.

The cathode is generally designated 40 and is preferably in the form of a rolled sheet 42 of silver oxide. The preferred silver halide is silver chloride, and the cathode material is "developed" according to conventional methods. The preferred sheet silver chloride material of the present invention has a thickness of about 0.08 cIn (1/32 inch) and is coated within the roll forming cathode 40 as best shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Two layers of sheet 42 will generally be sufficient. The additional layer of silver chloride within the roll provides more run time for the cell. The amperage capacity of a cell is primarily a function of the concentration of the electrolyte and the degree of freedom for ion exchange allowed by the porous absorbent sheet material employed within the electrolyte layer 32, as well as the surface area of the outer surfaces of the silver chloride rolls within the cell. Determined by size. As best shown in FIG. 3, the rolled electrolyte supporting sheet 34 and the cathode rolled sheet 42 are preferably coextensive in length.

The terminal is preferably provided to the cathode 40 by a thin strip 44 of conductive material, preferably a coin-shaped silver strip compatible with silver chloride cathodes. A conductive strip 44 is soldered to the center terminal 24 of the bulb 18 and extends rearwardly through a passageway within the rolled, tubular cathode 40 and is disposed within the rear end portion of the cathode 40. Dielectric support tube 4
6 into good electrical contact with the cathode 40.

A slow-onset cell 10 having the components described above is simple and quick to make. First, the rolled sheet 42 of the cathode is rolled into its cylindrical form, and then the porous sheet 34 soaked in dry electrolyte is wrapped around the tubular cathode, and this combination forms a shell. Water inlet end 16 which is the rear end of 12
is pushed into the cylindrical anode shell 12 from above. A locking screw element 28 is then placed on the threaded base of the outer terminal 22 and a conductive strip 44 is placed on the central terminal 22 of the threaded base.
1, the bulb 18 is engaged with the front end portion of the anode shell 12 in the manner hitherto detailed.

As the bulb 18 is moved toward the terminal 14 at the front end of the shell 2, the free end portion of the conductive strip 44 passes through an axial passage defined in the sheet of rolled cathode. As supplied, the conductive strip 44 extends throughout the axial passage within the rolled cathode sheet 42 when the bulb holder 8 is in its fully seated and installed position, as best shown in FIG. The tail end portion of conductive strip 44 extends to the water inlet end 166 at the rear end of the cell.

This exposed free end of the conductive strip 44 is then simply bent over the rear edge of the unit, placing the conductive strip 44 inside the cathode as best shown in FIGS. The trailing edge may be gripped against the surface facing the rear end while the support tube 46 of dielectric material is forced into the axial passage defined in the rolled sheet 42 of the cathode. Retained. Next, the exposed tail end of the conductive piece 44 can be cut near the rear end of the battery, or the tail end of the piece 4/1 can be folded forward into the inside of the dielectric support tube 36. .

The rolled sheet 42 of the cathode is a relatively rigid tubular structure and is preferably rolled to a force diameter such that the electrolyte-containing sheet 34 is slightly radially compressed in the desired number of rolled layers. the cathode 40. There is a biased engagement between the electrolyte layer 32 and the cylindrical anode shell 12.

FIG. 6 illustrates the respective interior surfaces of the magnesium anode shell 12 and the corrosion-resistant coatings 48 and 5o on the interior surfaces. In fact, the corrosion-resistant coating is a continuous coating that covers the entire surface area of the magnesium anode shell 12. However, shell 1
The portion of the coating 48 on the outer surface of 2 is important for handling and as a protection against corrosion damage due to atmospheric effects. On the other hand, due to the presence of highly corrosive dry electrolyte, the shell 12
The coating portion 50 on the inside facing surface of the magnesium shell is important as it would quickly make the inside working surface of the magnesium shell a very poor electrical conductor or prevent or significantly reduce overall battery operation. make it non-conductive. The inner corrosion-resistant coating 5o also helps maintain good electrical contact from the inner surface of the shell 12 to the locking element 28 and thus to the outer terminal 22 of the bulb 28.

The protective coating is applied by immersing the magnesium shell 12 in a detergent bath consisting of an aqueous detergent solution of a controlled concentration for a controlled time at a controlled temperature. Extensive testing conducted by the Applicant has shown that all detergents in aqueous solutions cause some oxides to be exposed on the magnesium surface. However, the overall quality of the coating on a microscopic basis and the incidence of voids within the coating vary widely with different detergents and with different grades, temperatures and durations of processing.

Due to availability, Applicants were required to test the present method of creating a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of magnesium anodes with commercially available cleaning agents. All of these cleaning agents contain various additives that aid in cleaning clothes, dishes, etc., and for purely promotional purposes.9 These additives generally reduce the optimal performance of the cleaning agent in forming a protective coating on the magnesium anode. There is a tendency to These additives include oils, fats, enzymes, phosphates, etc., and in at least one detergent product also include volfraum shell.

The quality of the coating and The percentage values applied to the test results for the void density are not considered optimal. However, in carrying out these tests, the Applicant has determined that many of the commercially available cleaning agents provide corrosion-resistant coatings of sufficient quality and that the proportion of voids is sufficiently low from a microscopic point of view that it is necessary to carry dry electrolyte material inside. It has been found to be sufficient for use in slow-release batteries according to the invention containing:

It is contemplated in the best practice of the present invention to provide an additive-free cleaner that is useful in commercially available cleaners to eliminate the effects of additive depletion during the formation of a corrosion-resistant coating on a magnesium anode.

In addition to testing various cleaners to determine their ability to coat magnesium, Applicants also attempted to create similar coatings using soap solution.

However, Applicants have determined in such tests that immersion of a magnesium anode in a soap solution does not create any substantial protective coating on the anode.

The test examples explained below for various cleaning agents are magnesium A.
A Z31B sail was made using 076 ctn (0,030 inch) of flat material. On each side there is a column labeled "Coating Quality", and the quality is graded as follows:

A: Excellent B: Good C: Fair D: Undesirable These quality grades are determined in part by observing the coated surface under a microscope at 3,000x magnification and are based on coating thickness, coating durability, and voids. Includes consideration of quality factors such as quantity of It will be noted that in the test examples below, the highest quality percentage was B using commercially available cleaning agents.

Each of the test examples below also has a column entitled "Void as a percentage within the coating." This was determined by observation under a microscope at 3000x magnification and the percentage numbers given for each test are the percentage of the magnesium surface to be coated from a microscopic point of view.

Coatings having porosity on the order of about 25 parts A, B or C are generally acceptable coatings for use in slow generation cells according to the present invention.

Generally, the magnesium stock employed for the anode of the cell according to the invention has an oil film coating in its unshelf condition. These oil films must be removed from the magnesium so that the magnesium has the required electrical conductivity for use in batteries. The cleaning agent layer of the present invention rapidly removes such oil films from the magnesium when the magnesium is first immersed into the layer, thus cleaning the surface of the magnesium in preparation for the formation of the corrosion resistant coating. Thus, the detergent layer has a two-step function in preparing the magnesium for use as an anode in the present invention.

If the magnesium to be coated is already corroded or contaminated, it is preferred to clean the magnesium with steel wool before immersing it in the bath of cleaning agent to provide a corrosion-resistant coating.

In the following test examples for various commercially available cleaners, a number of separate operations were performed on each type of cleaner. All prepared cleaning agent tanks contained 947.2 cc (3
2 oz), which in most cases was tap water, but in some tests was distilled water, entitled "Distilled Water" in the examples below. Whether it is a liquid detergent, a powder or a granular detergent that dissolves in water, the flow rate can be measured in grams, and the flow rate can be measured in grams.
An amount of 0 was adopted. The temperature of the cleaning agent bath is given in Fahrenheit or Celsius in the examples, and these temperature ranges are 21
．． 1°C (70°F') up to 82.2°C (180")
F′). The duration of the magnesium immersion is expressed in minutes and ranges from a minimum of 5 minutes to a maximum of 120 minutes.

Ruimu -M-F
-I P'Q The coatings made in operations 7 and 10 in Example 1 were sufficiently corrosion resistant coatings according to the present invention. When rFABJ is used as a cleaning agent, the maximum &O connection is 21.1°G (70'F) and no L26.
It should be noted that this was achieved at a relatively low temperature of 7°C (80°F). rF'ABJ is a product of Colgate Palmorbi, New York City, NY 10022.

The coatings created in operations 4, 5, and 6 in Example 2 were extremely good corrosion-resistant coatings according to the present invention. rTI
Best result using DEJ is 21.1'C (70')F
) to 26.7°C (80°F), but by physically reducing the time good results can still be achieved down to about 37.8°C (100°F). You should be careful. rTIDEJ is a product of Brocter & Fist Gamble, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202.

rFABJ and rT used in individual examples 1 and 2
IDEJ was a powdered cleaning product.

The rAJAXJ detergent employed in Example 3 was a liquid dishwashing detergent. A total of three runs using rAJAXJ produced very good corrosion resistant coatings on the magnesium anode material, with run number 1 producing the best coating of these three coatings.

The temperature that produces the best coatings for rFABJ and rT I DEJ is between 21.1°C (70°C) and 26.7°C (8°C).
0”F)), which is relatively high compared to 54.4°C (13
rAJA at 0°C to 65.6°C (150°F)
It should be noted that a good film was made with the XJ liquid dishwashing detergent. rAJAX" liquid dishwashing detergent is a product of Colgate Normorbi, Inc., New York City, NY 10022.

Although the coatings made in operations 4 and 6 in Example 4 were not as good as the coatings made in some operations in Examples 1, 2, and 3, they were sufficient corrosion-resistant coatings according to the present invention. Ta. r
AX I ONJ requires relatively high temperatures (65.6°C (150OF) to 82.2°G (1
Please note that rAXIO
NJ is a product of Nokorgut-Palmorbi, Inc., New York City, NY 10022.

The coatings made in Runs 4 and 5 of Example 5 were fully corrosion resistant coatings according to the present invention. Relatively high temperature (65,6
It should be noted that temperatures between 150 °C and 82.2 °C (tsoff) were required. 65.6℃ (150
It is also interesting to note that reducing the concentration of the detergent at 10°F (°F) produced a good coating. rD A S H
J is a product of Brocter & Gamble, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio 45202.

etc. Runs 1, 2, and 5 of Example 6 produced fully corrosion resistant coatings in accordance with the present invention. 37.8°C (100″F) and 65
．． Good results were obtained at 6° C. (150 alF+), but it should be noted that the amount of detergent can be reduced at higher temperatures. rALLJ is a product of L/Bar 6 Brothers, Inc., New York City, NY 10022 (7).

The coating made in Run 6 of Example 7 was a fully corrosion resistant coating according to the present invention. rPERFORMJ used
was a liquid detergent product manufactured by o Lamount Chemicuff 1, Montebello, Calif. 90640. It should be noted that rPERF'ORMJ was subjected to high temperatures (1800 F') and considerable time (30 minutes) to provide such a satisfactory coating.

The coatings made in Runs 1, 2 and 4 in Example 8 were fully corrosion resistant coatings according to the present invention.

rsPRINGF'IELDJ has a relatively low temperature (37
,8°C (100''F)) and relatively high temperatures (65,8°C (100''F)).
It should be noted that it works well at 6°C (150"F). rsPRINGFIELDJ is a product of Certified φ Grocers, Inc., Los Angeles, Calif. 90022. It is a powder flow milling product. Ta.

Coatings produced in test runs conducted on the rAMWAY 5A8J did not provide sufficient corrosion resistant coatings in accordance with the present invention despite wide variations in time and temperature. This was a powdered cleaning agent.

It will be apparent from the foregoing examples that the various commercially available cleaning agents vary widely in their ability to provide a satisfactory corrosion coating on magnesium and in the temperature of the layer and soak time required to provide a satisfactory coating. The overall observation is that the soaking time can be reduced overall as the bath temperature increases.

These corrosion-resistant coatings, created by immersion of the magnesium anode material in a suitable cleaning agent bath, reduce the surface conductivity of the magnesium in the coated area despite the significantly reduced chemical activity of the exposed surface. Not substantially reduced. Therefore, in creating the novel coating according to the present invention, the electrical conductivity of the anode material is not only preserved at the time of coating, but is also protected by the coating over a long shelf life, which can last for several years. .

Referring now to Figures 9-12 of the drawings, these figures show a survival lamp, generally designated 52, adapted to be dropped into the water as a floating signal light.
The unit is illustrated.

The survival lamp unit 52 includes a cylindrical, can-like container 54 with a light transmitting dome 56 of transparent or translucent material, preferably plastic, projecting upwardly from the upper end of the cylindrical container 54. Container 5 may be any can-like structure.
4 is preferably similar to a conventional frozen Soyuz can and includes a cylindrical shell 58. The upper wall disk 60 is gripped at the upper end of the cylindrical shell 68 at its circumferential portion and includes a threaded socket 62 formed in its central portion. A threaded socket 62 preferably projects downwardly from the generally flat face of the top wall disc 60 and is adapted to threadably fit the outer terminal 22 of the light bulb 18 therein. This positions the glass portion 20 of the bulb 18 above the top wall disc 60 and within the light transmitting dome 5G so that the light emitted from the bulb 18 is directly from the bulb and preferably on a reflective gold surface. Dome 56 due to reflection from the top surface of wall disk 60
It can be conveyed through.

A pair of bracket arms 64 are connected to the upper wall disk 60 by rivets 66 or other suitable devices, the bracket arms 64 being diametrically connected to opposite sides of the upper end portion of the cylindrical shell 12. The shell 12 is held in this position by a non-conductive rivet 68 extending laterally between the bracket arm 64 and the shell 12. Fixed. With this arrangement, the slow-burning battery 10 is suspended centrally within the cylindrical container 54 in a generally coaxial relationship, with the front end of the battery, the terminal 14, directly below and adjacent the bulb 18. The water inlet end 16, which is the rear end of the battery, is entirely connected to the container 5.
4 in the lower part. Outer terminal 2 of light bulb 18
2 is electrically connected to the anode shell 12 of the slow-on cell 10 through a threaded socket 62, a top wall disk 60 and a metal bracket arm 64. The central terminal 24 of the bulb 18 is connected to the slow-on battery 1 through a conductive piece 44 in the manner previously described in connection with FIGS. 3-5 of the drawings.
It is electrically connected to the cathode 40 of 0. By providing the rivet 68 of non-conductive material, there is no risk of shorting the conductive piece 44 of the cathode to the shell 12 of the anode.

For single delayed onset? ! 5:Although the alo is shown disposed in the center of the cylindrical container 54, if desired, a plurality of such batteries 10 may be measured in the container 54 if desired to extend the total operating time of the battery. It should be understood that they can be arranged positionally.

A metallic bottom wall 70 is attached circumferentially to the bottom edge of the cylindrical shell 58 to provide a sealed cavity inside the cylindrical container 54 for the maximum shelf life of the entire unit, particularly the slow-onset battery 10 within the unit. being held. The bottom wall 70 includes a removable disc portion 72 that includes substantially the entire bottom wall. The removable disk portion 72 is defined by a tear line or tear line 74, and a tension tap 76 attached to the removable disk portion 72 provides a device for pulling apart substantially the entire bottom wall of the container 54.

Although the top wall disk 60 cannot provide a hermetic seal to the area of the slow-burning cell 10, the periphery of the top wall disk 60 is sealed against the top edge of the cylindrical shell 58 to transmit light. The lower edge of the dome 56 is sealed to the peripheral portion of the top wall disc 60 by heat sealing or other suitable method to provide a hermetic seal to the upper end of the container 54.

Despite the extended shelf life of the survival lamp unit 52, the unit simply grasps the pull tabs 76 and pulls apart the removable disc portion 72 to substantially completely remove the lower end of the cylindrical shell 68. Opening provides a virtually instantaneous activation position. The unit is therefore simply released into the water and the water freely falls into its open lower end, allowing the lower end of the insect to fall into the water and the air trapped within the upper part moves the unit into its open lower end where its light transmitting dome 56 is above the water. It will be floated in an upright position. In this position, the rear water inlet end 16 of the slow-burning battery 10 is immersed in water, creating near instantaneous excitation and illumination of the bulb 18 with the battery.

To ensure that the survival ramp number unit 52 floats at the desired level and in an upright position, a plug or cover is provided which is spaced downwardly from the upper wall disc 60 and is removable from the inside through the hole 78. Preferably, a hole 78 is provided through the upper portion of the cylindrical shell 58 which is normally sealed with a piece 80 . Such a sealing cover member 80 automatically closes the hole 78 when the disc portion 72 is torn and the unit is ready for use.
It is connected to the removable bottom disc portion 72 by a suitable link member 82 for removal from the bottom disc portion 72. This removes excess gas of air and reactant gases from the underside of the holes 78, but creates a floating chamber containing gas above the holes 78 to provide stable floating of the unit at a controlled level.

While this invention has been illustrated and described herein in what are considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments thereof, it is understood that modifications of the invention may be made within the scope of the invention. It is recognized that the invention is not limited to the details disclosed herein.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a slow-onset battery according to the invention in which the unit embodies a light bulb to constitute a survival or emergency lamp; FIG. 2 is another perspective view showing the delayed generation battery of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged axial cross-sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1 showing internal details of the structure of the cell, a portion of which is shown in two views. FIG. 4 is yet another enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4 except for the point taken along line 5--5 in FIG. FIG. 6 is a significantly enlarged partial axial cross-sectional view of the area designated 6 in FIG. 3; FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention of a resilient, porous, absorbent insulating material employed herein as a support medium for the dry electrolyte material. FIG. 8 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating a light bulb and a lock-insulating element employed in the present invention. FIG. 9 is an elevational view, partially broken away and shown in vertical section, showing a survival or emergency lamp embodying the invention adapted to be dropped into water as a floating signal light; FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 10-10 in FIG. 9. Figure 11 is the first point except for the point on line 11-11 in Figure 9
Horizontal sectional view similar to figure 0. FIG. 12 is a bottom view of the survival or emergency lamp illustrated in FIG. 10; 10... Battery for slow generation 14... Terminal 18...
- Light bulb 22... Outer terminal 24... Center terminal 32... Electrolyte layer 52... Survival lamp unit 54... Container. Patent applicant Maru 1-Marketing. FIG, 9 FIG, l○ procedure"4
I-11 Correct = (Method) % formula % 1. Indication of the case Japanese Patent Application No. 13578/1982 2. Title of the invention Water-excited battery, battery manufacturing method, and battery-based lamp 3. Relationship with the amended person case Patent applicant address California, United States 9262
7 Costa Mesa Suite 216 Goth 1-Seventeenth Street 350 Name Mar Mar Marketing. Incorporated Representative Marvin Kaye, Taft Nationality: United States of America 4, Agent

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A delayed-onset battery comprising a first electrode and a second electrode having spaced apart and opposing surface portions, a dry electrode disposed between and in contact with the surface portion; A cell comprising a porous water-absorbing electrically insulating material impregnated with a water-soluble electrolytic material, portions of said insulating material being exposed between said surface portions for the application of an aqueous fluid for the purpose of excitation of the cell. 2) the first electrode is mainly composed of magnesium;
The delayed attack battery according to claim 1, wherein the second electrode is mainly composed of silver halide, and the electrolytic material is mainly composed of halide salt. 3) The delayed attack battery according to claim 2, wherein the second electrode is mainly composed of silver chloride, and the electrolytic material is mainly composed of sodium chloride. 4) The first electrode has an electrically conductive corrosion-resistant coating covering at least the surface portion generated by the arrangement of the first electrode in contact with a detergent solution. Battery for delayed onset as described in . 5) the first electrode is a generally cylindrical shell composed primarily of magnesium, and the second electrode is a generally cylindrical shell of silver halide and is substantially cylindrical within the first electrode. concentrically disposed, the insulating material being a generally cylindrical body concentrically disposed between the first and second electrodes, and the electrolytic material consisting primarily of a halide salt; A delayed onset battery according to claim 1). 6) A slow-onset battery according to claim 5, wherein the insulating material body is elastic and provides a radial biasing effect between the electrodes. 7) A delayed onset battery according to claim 5, wherein said second electrode comprises a rolled sheet of material consisting primarily of silver halide. 8) Claims in which the insulating material is comprised of a rolled perforated sheet with absorbent porous, plotter-like consistency web portions, the tear holes being between the web portions. The delayed generation battery according to item 5). 9) The method according to claim 5, wherein the first electrode is substantially completely covered with a conductive corrosion-resistant coating generated by immersing the first electrode in a detergent solution. Delayed onset battery. 10) said shell has an open rear end exposing said insulating material for application of aqueous fluid for excitation of the cell, said shell being forward of said insulating material and the forwardmost extent of said second electrode; The delayed attack battery according to claim 5, wherein the battery has a front portion extending to the front end of the shell, and the front portion of the shell constitutes an anode terminal device. 11) Claim 10) further comprising a long electrical conductor connected to the second electrode and extending forward into the front portion of the shell, the electrical conductor forming a cathode terminal device. Delayed onset battery as described. 12) The delay time according to claim 11), wherein the conductor is held against the inner surface of the second electrode by a support tube made of an insulating material disposed within the second electrode. Seizure batteries. 13) a light bulb disposed within the forward portion of the shell;
The bulb has an illuminated portion exposed at the front of the shell and a base extending into the front portion of the shell, the base including outer and central bulb terminals, the outer bulb terminals and The delayed-onset battery according to claim 11, comprising a first electrical connection device between the anode terminal device and a second electrical connection device between the inner bulb terminal and the cathode terminal device. . 14) The front shell portion has an inner taper extending forward and outward, and the outer bulb terminal is threaded and the outer side is tapered in a complementary relationship with the inner taper as a whole. , the first electrical connection device comprising a locking screw element threaded onto the outer bulb terminal and wedged against the inner tapered portion to provide electrical and mechanical connection of the bulb within the shell. A battery for delayed onset according to claim 13). 15) A delayed-onset battery according to claim 14, wherein the shell is provided with a hole passing through the wall of its front part behind the locking screw element. 16) A battery-powered lamp, comprising a closed, generally cylindrical container having a top wall and a bottom wall, and an exposed irradiation portion installed on the top wall to irradiate light above the top wall. a water-excited slow-acting battery supported within the container; an upper terminal portion where the battery is electrically connected to the bulb device; and an open lower end portion into which energizing water is placed. a battery-powered lamp comprising: said bottom wall comprising a slit portion constituting a main portion adapted to be slit to permit free flow of water through said bottom wall. 17) The battery-powered lamp according to claim 16, wherein the cut portion constitutes substantially the entire bottom wall. 18) The upper wall is such that the vessel forms a floating chamber with gas therein above the bore for stable floating of the lamp at a controlled level while releasing excess gas from inside the vessel below the bore. a removable closure device for normally sealing the hole and for opening the hole when the dissecting portion is removed; Claim 16) comprising a linkage connecting the closing device to the tearing portion of the bottom wall so that the closure device is automatically removed.
Battery powered lamps as described in section. 19) A method for preparing a conductive corrosion-resistant surface for coating on a magnesium electrode adapted for use as an anode in a primary battery, the step of preparing an aqueous detergent solution, the coating having about 25% voids on a microscopic basis. immersing said magnesium electrode in said solution for a sufficient time and at a sufficient temperature to generate . 20) The method of claim 19, wherein the temperature of the solution is in the range of about 70°F (21°C) to about 180°F (82.2°C). 21) The method of claim 20, wherein the magnesium electrode is immersed in the solution for a time interval ranging from about 5 minutes to about 120 minutes. 22) The method of claim 20, wherein said solution has a concentration of about 32 ounces (1087.2 cc) to about 50 to about 100 grams of detergent in proportions.