JPS62168633A - Casting mold - Google Patents
Casting moldInfo
- Publication number
- JPS62168633A JPS62168633A JP766186A JP766186A JPS62168633A JP S62168633 A JPS62168633 A JP S62168633A JP 766186 A JP766186 A JP 766186A JP 766186 A JP766186 A JP 766186A JP S62168633 A JPS62168633 A JP S62168633A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- casting
- mold
- cao
- halide
- casting mold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 43
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 alloys) Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].[Cu] Chemical compound [Mg].[Cu] OWXLRKWPEIAGAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本発明はチタン、ジルコニウムなどの活性金属やそれら
の合金(以下木明細書において合金をも単に金属という
ことがある)或いはクロム、バナジウム等の高融点金属
の鋳造を行うに好適な鋳型に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is directed to active metals such as titanium and zirconium, alloys thereof (hereinafter in the specification, alloys may also be simply referred to as metals), or active metals such as chromium and vanadium. The present invention relates to a mold suitable for casting high-melting point metals.
[従来の技術]
カルシア質耐火物は熱力学的に高温でも安定であると共
に、特有の精錬作用を有するので、本発明者らより種々
の高融点金属、高活性金属の溶製に適用し得ることが明
らかにされつつある。[Prior Art] Calcia refractories are thermodynamically stable even at high temperatures and have a unique refining action, so the present inventors have proposed that they can be applied to the melting of various high-melting point metals and highly active metals. This is becoming clear.
木発明者らが提案した溶製方法によれば、いずれも従来
法では溶製が困難であった高活性及び/又は高融点金属
の溶製を容易に行うことができる。しかも、得られる合
金溶湯は極めて高清浄なものである。According to the melting method proposed by the inventors, it is possible to easily melt highly active and/or high melting point metals, which are difficult to melt using conventional methods. Moreover, the obtained molten alloy is extremely clean.
しかして、高清n噂な鋳造体を得るには、高清浄金属溶
湯を溶製すると共に、溶湯を汚染することのない鋳型を
用いる必要がある。従来、活性金属であるチタン或いは
ジルコニウムの金属(合金を含む)の鋳造用鋳型として
は、ラムド型、インベストメント型、水冷銅型、砂型(
ジルコン砂、オリピン砂などを用いる)などが知られて
いる。ラムド型は黒鉛粉末を骨材とし、炭素系又は樹脂
系のバインダーで成形乾燥後に焼成されたものである。Therefore, in order to obtain a highly clean cast body, it is necessary to melt a highly clean molten metal and use a mold that does not contaminate the molten metal. Conventionally, molds for casting titanium or zirconium (including alloys), which are active metals, have been used as lambda molds, investment molds, water-cooled copper molds, and sand molds (
(Using zircon sand, oripin sand, etc.) are known. The rammed type is made of graphite powder as an aggregate, molded with a carbon-based or resin-based binder, dried, and then fired.
インベストメント型は、タングステン粉末被覆鋳型と称
されるスラリーにタングステンを使用し、金属質のバイ
ンダーを用いたものと、酸化物鋳型といわれる酸化物系
のスラリーに酸化物のバインダーを組み合わせたもの、
そして黒鉛系のスラリーに炭素を含有するバインダーで
固めた黒鉛鋳型の3種類がある。Investment molds include tungsten powder coated molds, which use tungsten in a slurry and a metallic binder, and oxide molds, which combine oxide slurry with an oxide binder.
There are three types of graphite molds made by hardening graphite-based slurry with a carbon-containing binder.
また、チタン又はチタン合金の鋳型材料として、純マグ
ネシア又はマグネシアを主成分とするマグネシア鋳型材
料やマグネシアを主成分とする骨材にアルカリ金属の炭
酸水素塩等の硬化促進剤やアルミニウム粉末を添加した
鋳型材料も公知とされている(特公昭58−5749、
特開昭59−218237)。In addition, as mold materials for titanium or titanium alloys, hardening accelerators such as alkali metal hydrogen carbonate and aluminum powder are added to pure magnesia or magnesia mold materials mainly composed of magnesia, and aggregates mainly composed of magnesia. Mold materials are also known (Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-5749,
JP 59-218237).
[発明が解決しようとする問題点]
しかしながら、これらの鋳型へ活性金属を鋳込むと、鋳
型材との反応がおこり、黒鉛質の鋳型材の場合には炭素
が、またマグネシア質やジルコニア質の鋳型の場合には
酸素のコンタミネーションがおこり、鋳肌の汚染が生ず
る。また、インへストメント型のうち酸化物バインダ系
のもは酸素のみならず窒素の侵入がある。このような鋳
肌表面の汚染は、鋳物表面の汚染層の除去工程が必要と
なり、製造工程が甚だ煩雑となる。また、水冷銅型によ
る鋳造方法では、鋳型が高価であると共に漏水の危険そ
の他の問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when active metals are cast into these molds, a reaction occurs with the mold material, and carbon is generated in the case of graphite mold materials, and carbon is generated in the case of graphite mold materials, and In the case of molds, oxygen contamination occurs, resulting in contamination of the casting surface. Furthermore, among the investment types, those based on oxide binders are subject to intrusion of not only oxygen but also nitrogen. Such contamination of the casting surface requires a step to remove the contaminated layer on the surface of the casting, making the manufacturing process extremely complicated. Further, in the casting method using a water-cooled copper mold, the mold is expensive and there are other problems such as the risk of water leakage.
更に、水冷銅型以外の酸化物或いは黒鉛系などの鋳型に
おいては、熱伝導度が小さいので引は巣が鋳物中心部に
生じやすく、鋳造歩留まりが悪くなるという問題がある
。また、これら酸化物系或いは黒鉛系の鋳型にあっては
、いずれも緻密なものであるので、耐熱衝撃性が低く、
割れが生じ易く、耐久性にも乏しく鋳型材料の繰り返し
使用に不向きであるなどの問題があった。Furthermore, in molds made of oxide or graphite other than water-cooled copper molds, the thermal conductivity is low, so that shrinkage cavities are likely to occur in the center of the casting, resulting in a poor casting yield. In addition, these oxide-based or graphite-based molds are dense and have low thermal shock resistance.
There were problems such as easy cracking, poor durability, and unsuitability for repeated use of the mold material.
[問題点を解決するための手段及び作用]本発明の鋳型
はCaOを40重量%以上含み、かつハロゲン化物を0
.1〜8重量%含むカルシア質であることを特徴とする
。[Means and effects for solving the problems] The mold of the present invention contains 40% by weight or more of CaO and contains no halide.
.. It is characterized by being calcia containing 1 to 8% by weight.
[作用]
本発明の鋳型は、その材質が高融点でありしかも高温で
熱力学的に安定なカルシア質であるので、高融点及び/
又は高活性金属の鋳造を容易に行うことができ、鋳肌表
面の汚染のない鋳物を得ることが可能である。また、本
発明の鋳型はハロゲン化物を含んでいるので、鋳型面が
滑らかであり、従って滑らかな鋳肌を得ることができる
。[Function] The mold of the present invention is made of calcia which has a high melting point and is thermodynamically stable at high temperatures.
Alternatively, highly active metals can be easily cast, and castings without contamination on the casting surface can be obtained. Further, since the mold of the present invention contains a halide, the mold surface is smooth, and therefore a smooth casting surface can be obtained.
また、ハロゲン化物の存在により、焼成が容易となり、
また成形性を改善することもできる。In addition, the presence of halides makes firing easier,
It is also possible to improve moldability.
以下本発明について更に詳細に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below.
本発明の鋳型はカルシア質である。カルシアは、前述の
如く高融点であり、かつ高温でも熱力学的に安定である
。本発明の鋳型は、CaOの含有量が高まるにつれその
安定性及び耐熱性が向上するので、本発明の鋳型はCa
Oを少なくとも40重量%(以下特に断わらない限り%
は重量%を示す。)含有し、好ましくは70%以上とり
わけ80%以上含有する。The mold of the present invention is calcia. As mentioned above, calcia has a high melting point and is thermodynamically stable even at high temperatures. The mold of the present invention has improved stability and heat resistance as the content of CaO increases.
At least 40% by weight of O (% unless otherwise specified)
indicates weight %. ), preferably 70% or more, particularly 80% or more.
本発明の鋳型は、CaO以外にハロゲン化物を含む。ハ
ロゲン化物としてはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属や
鉛のフッ化物や塩9、化物、あるいはそれらを含む複塩
などが挙げられる。具体的には、例えば、CaF2.M
gF2.BaF2、S r F 2 、 N a F
、 L i F 、 K F 、 P b F 2
、Cs F 、 N a 3A I F a 、
Ca Cl 2 、Mg0文2.Nac文、KC文等が
挙げられる。The template of the present invention contains a halide in addition to CaO. Examples of the halides include fluorides, salts, and compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and lead, and double salts containing them. Specifically, for example, CaF2. M
gF2. BaF2, S r F 2 , N a F
, L i F , K F , P b F 2
, Cs F , N a 3A I F a ,
Ca Cl 2 , Mg0 sentence 2. Examples include Nac sentences and KC sentences.
このようなハロゲン化物は、CaOに比べ耐消化性が格
段に高いものが多く、また低融点であるから、それ自身
の存在による耐水和性向上に加えて、焼成時の素地の焼
結を促進し焼結体組織の緻密度を高める作用をなし、こ
れら作用が重畳して鋳型に優れた耐水和性を付与せしめ
る。また、焼結促進作用により、得られる鋳型の強度を
も格段に向上させる。なお、ハロゲン化物は、粒界に多
く存在し、ハロゲン化物を多く含む層がCaO粒子を被
包するようになり、これによっても鋳型の耐水利性が向
上されるものと推察される。このハロゲン化物は、添加
量が多過ぎると鋳型の耐火度を低下させるようになるの
で、含有率は8%以下、好ましくは5%以下とする。ま
た、当然ながら、添加量が少な過ぎては上述の作用効果
が得られないから、0,1%以上、好ましくは0.3%
以上の含有率とする。Many of these halides have much higher digestion resistance than CaO and have a low melting point, so in addition to improving hydration resistance by their presence, they also promote sintering of the base material during firing. It has the effect of increasing the density of the sintered body structure, and these effects combine to give the mold excellent hydration resistance. In addition, the sintering promotion effect significantly improves the strength of the resulting mold. Note that halides are present in large amounts at grain boundaries, and a layer containing a large amount of halides comes to encapsulate CaO particles, which is also thought to improve the water resistance of the mold. If the amount of this halide added is too large, it will reduce the fire resistance of the mold, so the content should be 8% or less, preferably 5% or less. Also, of course, if the amount added is too small, the above effects cannot be obtained, so 0.1% or more, preferably 0.3%
The content should be above.
また、本発明の鋳型は、CaO以外の物質として酸化物
、炭化物、窒化物、炭素(C)を含むことができる。酸
化物としては具体的にはマグネシア(MgO)やジルコ
ニア(Z r O2)等の高融点のものが好適である。Moreover, the template of the present invention can contain oxides, carbides, nitrides, and carbon (C) as substances other than CaO. Specifically, oxides with high melting points such as magnesia (MgO) and zirconia (Z r O2) are suitable.
炭化物や窒化物としては炭化珪素、窒化珪素、窒化アル
ミなどが挙げられる。炭素原料として、黒鉛が好適であ
る。黒鉛には天然黒鉛と人工黒鉛とがあるが、そのいず
れをも用い得る。なお、黒鉛は鱗片状を呈しているため
成形性が悪く、また本来、反応性に乏しくセラミックポ
ンドを形成しがたいので焼結体強度が低下し易い。この
ため、黒鉛をカルシア質鋳型材料として用いるに際して
は金属アルミニウムを少量添加することが効果的である
。アルミニウムは非酸化性雰囲気で焼成すると、炭化ア
ルミニウムや窒化アルミニウム等の高耐食性反応生成物
を生成し、鋳型の耐食性を高めるとと共に、黒鉛と周囲
組織との結合を高め鋳型の強度が改善ネれるようになる
。Examples of carbides and nitrides include silicon carbide, silicon nitride, and aluminum nitride. Graphite is suitable as the carbon raw material. There are two types of graphite: natural graphite and artificial graphite, and either of them can be used. Note that graphite has a scaly shape and therefore has poor formability, and is inherently poor in reactivity and difficult to form a ceramic pound, so the strength of the sintered body tends to decrease. Therefore, when using graphite as a calcia mold material, it is effective to add a small amount of metallic aluminum. When aluminum is fired in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, it produces highly corrosion-resistant reaction products such as aluminum carbide and aluminum nitride, which increases the corrosion resistance of the mold and increases the bond between graphite and surrounding tissue, improving the strength of the mold. It becomes like this.
なお、カルシア質鋳型を製造するに用いる原料としては
、石灰石、これを仮焼もしくは十分に焼成した生石灰、
死焼石灰、アーク炉で溶解させた電融カルシアの他、水
酸化カルシウム等をも用い得る。更に、CaOを含有す
る鉱物例えばラルナイト、メルウィナイト、アノルサイ
ト、ドロマイト等をも用い得る。In addition, the raw materials used to manufacture the calcia mold include limestone, quicklime obtained by calcining it or fully calcining it,
In addition to dead burnt lime, fused calcia melted in an arc furnace, calcium hydroxide, etc. may also be used. Furthermore, minerals containing CaO, such as ralite, melwinite, anorsite, and dolomite, may also be used.
本発明の鋳型を製造するには、このようなカルシア質原
料とハロゲン化物、及び所望により前記した酸化物、炭
化物、窒化物、炭素の1種又は2挿具I−を併用して主
たる原料とする。そして、この主たる原料に、必要に応
じ適宜のバインダを添加し、成形、焼成により鋳型とな
す。In order to manufacture the mold of the present invention, such a calcia raw material and a halide, and if desired, one or two of the above-mentioned oxides, carbides, nitrides, and carbons are used in combination as the main raw material. do. Then, an appropriate binder is added to this main raw material as necessary, and a mold is formed by molding and firing.
このバインダとしては、非水系のものを用いる。A non-aqueous binder is used as this binder.
非水系のバインダとしては、液体系のもの、固体系のも
のいずれでも良い。液体系のものとしては、無水塩化カ
ルシウムやマスチックゴムなどを溶かし込んだアルコー
ル(−価又は多価のアルコール)、トルエンにオレイン
酸を溶解させたもの、アルコールにオレイン酸を溶解さ
せたもの、油にオレイン酸を溶解させたもの、四塩化炭
素に蜜ろうを溶解させたもの、あるいは酢酸イソブチル
等が好適であるが、鉱油、動物油、植物油など、カルシ
アを消化させることのない非水系の液体であれば用いる
ことが可能である。The non-aqueous binder may be either liquid or solid. Liquid types include alcohol (-hydric or polyhydric alcohol) in which anhydrous calcium chloride or mastic rubber is dissolved, oleic acid dissolved in toluene, oleic acid dissolved in alcohol, and oil. A solution of oleic acid dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, a solution of beeswax dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, or isobutyl acetate are suitable, but non-aqueous liquids that do not digest calcia, such as mineral oil, animal oil, or vegetable oil, are suitable. It can be used if there is one.
固体系のバインダとしては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピ
レン、酢酸セルロース、アクリル系樹脂、ポリビニルア
ルコール等の熱可塑性樹脂、ノボラック等の熱硬化性樹
脂、パラフィン等が好適に用いることができるが、成形
性を付与する他の物質をも用い得る。As solid binders, polyethylene, polypropylene, cellulose acetate, acrylic resins, thermoplastic resins such as polyvinyl alcohol, thermosetting resins such as novolak, paraffin, etc. can be suitably used, but they can impart moldability. Other materials may also be used.
成形法としては、各種の方法、例えば金型成形、スリッ
プキャスティング、ラバープレス、射出成形、温間プレ
ス、スタンプなどが用いられる。As the molding method, various methods are used, such as mold molding, slip casting, rubber press, injection molding, warm press, and stamping.
なお、バインダを用いずに、又は少量用いて、ホットプ
レス成形しても良い。Note that hot press molding may be performed without using a binder or using a small amount of binder.
成形体もしくはスタンプされた鋳型は、必要に応じ乾燥
し、次いで好ましくは本焼成温度よりも低い温度で仮焼
した後、本焼成して焼結させる。The molded body or stamped mold is dried if necessary, then preferably calcined at a temperature lower than the main firing temperature, and then main fired and sintered.
この焼成温度は900℃以上とりわけ1200〜180
0°Cが好適である。焼成雰囲気は大気雰囲気で良いが
、他の雰囲気としても良い。The firing temperature is 900℃ or higher, especially 1200 to 180℃.
0°C is preferred. The firing atmosphere may be an atmospheric atmosphere, but may be another atmosphere.
本発明の鋳型を用いて高融点及び/又は高活性金属の鋳
造を容易に行なうことができる。高融点金属例えばクロ
ム、バナジウムの純金属、或いはそれを多量に含む合金
にあっては、鋳型としてCaO含有率の高いもの例えば
CaOを80重量%以上含むものが好適である。また、
高活性のチタン、ジルコニウム等の純金属或いはそれを
多部に含む合金を鋳造する場合にも、CaO含有率の高
い鋳型を用いるのが好適である。Using the mold of the present invention, high melting point and/or highly active metals can be easily cast. For pure metals with high melting points such as chromium and vanadium, or alloys containing large amounts thereof, it is preferable to use a mold with a high CaO content, such as one containing 80% by weight or more of CaO. Also,
Even when casting highly active pure metals such as titanium and zirconium, or alloys containing large amounts thereof, it is preferable to use a mold with a high CaO content.
なお、本発明の鋳型で鋳造するに好適な金属を構成する
高融点、高活性金属元素としては次のようなものが挙げ
られ、その合金としては、これらの元素の1種又は2種
以上を含むものが挙げられる。Sc、Y、La、原子番
号58〜71のCe、Pr等のランタノイド元素、Ti
、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Mn
、Tc、Re、Ru、Os、Co、Nf、Rh、Pd、
Ir、Pt。The metal elements with high melting point and high activity constituting the metal suitable for casting with the mold of the present invention include the following, and the alloy thereof includes one or more of these elements. Includes: Sc, Y, La, lanthanoid elements such as Ce and Pr with atomic numbers 58 to 71, Ti
, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn
, Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Co, Nf, Rh, Pd,
Ir, Pt.
なお、本発明の鋳型は、外型のみならず中子と称される
内型にも適用できる。またCaOは消化性を有している
から、本発明の鋳型はこの消化性を利用することにより
鋳型の除去を図ることも可能である。The mold of the present invention can be applied not only to an outer mold but also to an inner mold called a core. Furthermore, since CaO has digestibility, the template of the present invention can be removed by utilizing this digestibility.
本発明において鋳造を行うには、雰囲気は真空或いはア
ルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気とするのが好適である。For casting in the present invention, the atmosphere is preferably a vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere such as argon.
[実施例]
以下実施例について説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超
えない限り以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。[Examples] Examples will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless the gist of the invention is exceeded.
実施例1
電融カルシア(CaO純度99%)を0.2mm以下に
破砕及び分級したものを85重量部、試薬1級のCaF
2を5重量部、マグネシアクリンカを0.2mm以下に
破砕したもの10重量部を混ぜて100重量部の原料粉
粒体を用意した。Example 1 85 parts by weight of fused calcia (CaO purity 99%) crushed and classified to 0.2 mm or less, reagent grade 1 CaF
100 parts by weight of raw material powder was prepared by mixing 5 parts by weight of No. 2 and 10 parts by weight of magnesia clinker crushed into pieces of 0.2 mm or less.
また、エチルアルコールに無水塩化カルシウムを濃度4
%となるように溶かしたものを10重量部用意した。こ
れらを混合して金型成形した。Also, add anhydrous calcium chloride to ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 4.
10 parts by weight of the solution was prepared. These were mixed and molded.
この成形体を100 ’Cで1時間乾燥した後、950
℃×3時間の焼成を行い焼結を行わせた。After drying this molded body at 100'C for 1 hour,
Sintering was performed at ℃ for 3 hours.
焼成はいずれも空気雰囲気とした。このようにして得ら
れた焼結体は第1図に示す形状及び寸法のものであった
。All firings were performed in an air atmosphere. The sintered body thus obtained had the shape and dimensions shown in FIG.
この鋳型を用いて純Tiの鋳造を行った。鋳造時の雰囲
気はArl気圧、鋳造時の溶湯温度は1700°Cであ
る。鋳型内に溶湯を鋳湯して凝固させた後、鋳物表面部
分のO,Nの化学分析結果を第1表に示す。Pure Ti was cast using this mold. The atmosphere during casting was Arl pressure, and the temperature of the molten metal during casting was 1700°C. Table 1 shows the results of chemical analysis of O and N on the surface of the casting after the molten metal was poured into the mold and solidified.
実施例2
実施例1において次の(イ)〜(へ)のように条件を変
えた他は同様にして鋳型の製造及びそれを用いた鋳造を
行った。Example 2 A mold was produced and casting was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the conditions were changed as shown in (a) to (f) below.
(イ)原料の配合を次とする。(a) The composition of raw materials is as follows.
ドロマイトクリンカ(Ca064.3%、Mg030.
9%、F e 2032 、3%、5i021.8%、
A文2030.4%)を0.3mm以下に粉砕及び分級
したもの90重量部、CaO見、3重量部、石灰石を1
mm以下に破砕したもの10重量部。Dolomite clinker (Ca064.3%, Mg030.
9%, F e 2032, 3%, 5i021.8%,
90 parts by weight of A (2030.4%) crushed and classified to 0.3 mm or less, 3 parts by weight of CaO, 1 part by weight of limestone.
10 parts by weight crushed into pieces smaller than mm.
(ロ)バインダとして塩化カルシウムのアルコール溶液
(5%)を用いる。(b) An alcoholic solution of calcium chloride (5%) is used as a binder.
(ハ)上記固形原料とバインダとの混合率をZoo:1
0とする。(c) The mixing ratio of the above solid raw material and binder is Zoo:1
Set to 0.
(ニ)本焼成時の条件を1100℃×3時間とする。(d) The conditions for the main firing are 1100°C x 3 hours.
(ホ)鋳造合金をZ r60%、Co−40%のものと
する。(E) The casting alloy is 60% Zr and 40% Co.
(へ)鋳造時の溶湯温度を1550℃とする。(f) The temperature of the molten metal during casting is 1550°C.
得られた鋳物の表面の化学分析結果を第1表に示す。Table 1 shows the results of chemical analysis of the surface of the obtained casting.
実施例3
実施例1において次の(イ)〜(へ)のように条件を変
えた他は同様にして鋳型の製造及びそれを用いた鋳造を
行った。Example 3 A mold was produced and casting was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conditions were changed as shown in (a) to (f) below.
(イ)原料の配合を次とする。(a) The composition of raw materials is as follows.
市販の生石灰(Ca098.0%、S i O20,0
8%)を0.1mm以下に粉砕及び分級したもの85重
量部、MgCu25重量部、ドロマイトクリンカ(実施
例2と同じ)を0.1mm以下に破砕したもの10重量
部。Commercially available quicklime (Ca098.0%, SiO20.0
85 parts by weight of pulverized and classified 8%) to 0.1 mm or less, 25 parts by weight of MgCu, and 10 parts by weight of dolomite clinker (same as Example 2) crushed to 0.1 mm or less.
(ロ)バインダとして塩化カルシウムのアルコール溶液
(5%)を用いる。(b) An alcoholic solution of calcium chloride (5%) is used as a binder.
(ハ)上記固形原料とバインダとの混合率をZoo:1
0とする。(c) The mixing ratio of the above solid raw material and binder is Zoo:1
Set to 0.
(ニ)本焼成時の条件を1350℃×3時間とする。(d) The conditions for the main firing are 1350°C x 3 hours.
(ホ)鋳造合金をNi68%、La32%のものとする
。(E) The casting alloy is made of 68% Ni and 32% La.
(へ)鋳造時の溶湯温度を1400℃とする。(f) The temperature of the molten metal during casting is 1400°C.
得られた鋳物の表面の化学分析結果を第1表に示す。Table 1 shows the results of chemical analysis of the surface of the obtained casting.
比較例1
実施例1において次の(イ)〜(ニ)のように条件を変
えた他は同様にして鋳型の製造及びそれを用いた鋳造を
行った。Comparative Example 1 A mold was produced and casting was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the conditions were changed as shown in (a) to (d) below.
(イ)原料を市販のケイ砂粉末(SiO298%)のみ
とする。(a) Use only commercially available silica sand powder (SiO298%) as the raw material.
(ロ)バインダとして水ガラスを用い、CO2ガスで硬
化させた。(b) Water glass was used as a binder and hardened with CO2 gas.
(ハ)上記固形原料とバインダとの混合率を100:5
とする。(c) The mixing ratio of the solid raw material and binder is 100:5.
shall be.
比較例2
実施例2において、鋳型の原料を市販のケイ砂としたこ
と以外は同様にして鋳型の製造及びそれを用いた鋳造を
行った。Comparative Example 2 A mold was produced and casting was performed in the same manner as in Example 2, except that commercially available silica sand was used as the raw material for the mold.
得られた鋳物の表面の化学分析結果を第1表に示す。Table 1 shows the results of chemical analysis of the surface of the obtained casting.
比較例3
実施例3において、鋳型の原料を市販のケイ砂としたこ
と以外は同様にして鋳型の製造及びそれを用いた鋳造を
行った。Comparative Example 3 A mold was produced and casting was performed in the same manner as in Example 3, except that commercially available silica sand was used as the raw material for the mold.
得られた鋳物の表面の化学分析結果を第1表に示1゜ 第1図はモールドの形状を示す寸法図である。The results of chemical analysis of the surface of the obtained castings are shown in Table 1. FIG. 1 is a dimensional drawing showing the shape of the mold.
第 1 表
[発明の効果]
以1−の説明から明らかな通り、本発明によれば高活性
金属や高融点金属或いはそれらの合金の鋳造を容易に行
うことができる。得られる鋳物はC,O,N等のコンタ
ミネーションのない高清浄なものとなり、鋳肌汚染層の
除去等の後処理が不要である。また、本発明の鋳型材料
は安価であると共に鋳造後に回収して繰り返し成形して
使用することかり能であり、鋳造コストの大幅なダウン
を図ることが可能である。Table 1 [Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the explanation in 1- below, according to the present invention, highly active metals, high melting point metals, or alloys thereof can be easily cast. The resulting casting is highly clean without contamination such as C, O, N, etc., and post-treatment such as removal of the casting surface contamination layer is not necessary. Furthermore, the mold material of the present invention is inexpensive and can be recovered after casting and used repeatedly for molding, making it possible to significantly reduce casting costs.
Claims (1)
を0.1〜8重量%含むカルシア質耐火材料よりなるこ
とを特徴とする鋳型。(1) A mold made of a calcia refractory material containing 40% by weight or more of CaO and 0.1 to 8% by weight of a halide.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP766186A JPH0628774B2 (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | Casting mold |
DE8787100559T DE3769489D1 (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1987-01-16 | MOLDING FORM, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND MOLDING METHOD. |
EP19870100559 EP0233478B1 (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1987-01-16 | Mold, method of producing mold and casting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP766186A JPH0628774B2 (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | Casting mold |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS62168633A true JPS62168633A (en) | 1987-07-24 |
JPH0628774B2 JPH0628774B2 (en) | 1994-04-20 |
Family
ID=11671994
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP766186A Expired - Lifetime JPH0628774B2 (en) | 1986-01-17 | 1986-01-17 | Casting mold |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0628774B2 (en) |
-
1986
- 1986-01-17 JP JP766186A patent/JPH0628774B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0628774B2 (en) | 1994-04-20 |
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