JPS62158838A - Silver-oxide type contact point material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accommodate the titled material to various circuit conditions and to prevent abnormal consumption due to layered deposits, breakage, etc., by dispersing into Ag specific amounts of Sb oxide, respective oxides of Cu, Zn, and Mn, and Te oxide. CONSTITUTION:Sb oxide with 0.1-6.2wt% metallic component, one or more kinds among oxides of Cu, Zn, and Mn with 0.05-5wt% metallic component, and Te oxide with 0.01-2wt% metallic component are dispersed into Ag as principal component. Further, one or more kinds among oxides of Fe, Ni, and Co with 0.01-0.5wt% metallic component are dispersed, if necessary. This silver-oxide type contact point material is minimized in layered deposit content owing to the effect produced by combined addition of Sb and Te, and further, it has characteristics such as reduction in arc consumption, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a silver-oxide contact material containing 8g as a main component and having a total bending oxide dispersed therein.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, various materials have been used as electrical contact materials, but Ag-Cdota is particularly widely used.

Contacts made by dispersing CdO in Ag at about lθ% have excellent properties such as welding resistance, arc resistance, wear resistance, and contact stability, so they are used in various switches, contactors, breakers, etc. from small to large. It is widely used up to the current range.

Dispersing CdO in Ag-' contacts is certainly effective in improving various electrical properties such as cleaning the contact surface and reducing welding force.

However, this effect is particularly effective in AC circuits, and when used in DC circuits where the polarity does not change, transition from one pole to the other tends to occur, making the contact state extremely unstable. Become.

In addition, in recent years, rationalization and automation in various industrial fields have made remarkable progress, but as a result, equipment has become larger and larger.
While these devices tend to become more complex, control systems for these devices require high precision, so they are rapidly transitioning to electronic control.

Accurate computerized control number for disconnecting electrical circuits↓
The control angle becomes constant, and the ON timing and OFF timing of the contact are always controlled in a constant state without any deviation, and when this east contact opens and closes, a pseudo DC phenomenon occurs, so that the current flows to one pole. The contact material begins to maintain a layered structure from one pole to the other, significantly impairing contact stability.
As time passes, the deposits are lost, leading to rapid contact wear.

Therefore, Mokuto believed that the cleaning effect on the surface of the contact point and various phenomena against the arc, such as the arc-extinguishing effect, were most closely related to the physical properties of the added oxide, especially the temperature characteristics of its vapor pressure. Based on this deep idea, we have already conducted the following research.

That is, with regard to the vapor pressure, focusing on Sd oxide, which has a vapor pressure higher than that of CdO in the temperature range of about 500 to 1,500°C,
It was confirmed in Japanese Patent Application No. 48-61188 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-5863) that by dispersing this in Ag, a contact surface cleaning effect equivalent to or better than that of the Ag-Cd0 system was achieved. Furthermore, in a system in which Zn, Cu, Mn, and Sn oxides are dispersed, Japanese Patent Application No. 120317/1986
(Special Publication No. 55-8091), especially arc wear resistance,
It has been confirmed that it is effective in improving welding resistance.

However, this Ag contains Sb oxide or Sb oxide and Z.
Tests were conducted on electrical contact materials in which n, Cu, Mn, and Sn oxides were dispersed under various circuit conditions. As mentioned above, when the contacts were opened and closed under certain conditions, the contact material was deposited on one of the poles. Initially, it was found that arcs were concentrated in the deposits, leading to abnormal consumption.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) Therefore, we investigated the cause of the abnormal wear and tear mentioned above.

When electrical contacts are normally opened and closed, a dangerous arc is generated between the contacts, and the contact surfaces are exposed to considerably high temperatures.

At this time, the contact surface wears out as the effective components for the contact characteristics dissipate, and the ideal contact material is such that the effective components lost at this time are continuously replenished from the inside of the contact to the surface layer. I can say that.

By the way, with respect to the AgAg-5b-Zn-Cu system mentioned above, it is thought that the above-mentioned phenomenon occurred because this effective component was not supplied smoothly.

After conducting detailed studies on these issues, we found that the smooth supply of active ingredients from the inside of the contact to the surface layer is facilitated by the volatilization of the surface layer components due to the arc. , and estimated that there is a deep relationship with the inlet pressure of oxides.

Therefore, based on the input pressure of the s+4 compound, we repeated experiments in a system in which Sb oxide and various oxides that have a higher vapor pressure coexisted.
By adding a combination of one of Mn and an oxide of Dye, the supply of effective ingredients to the surface layer is smooth and prevents layered deposition.
The first invention of the present application is adapted to various circuit conditions and also prevents abnormalities caused by layered deposits or missing parts. The second invention aims to provide an electrical contact material that does not wear out.
By adding one or more types of , Co oxides, it is intended to further improve the properties.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a first invention in which silver is the main component, and the metal component is 0.1 to 6.2% by weight. Sb oxide, one or more oxides of Cu, Zn, Mll with a metal component of 0.05 to 5% by weight, and a Te@ oxide with a metal component of 0.01 to 2% by weight are dispersed. We are trying to provide a silver-oxide contact material that is characterized by In No. 1, Fe, Ni, Co, which is 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, is added to the first invention.
An object of the present invention is to provide a silver-oxide contact material characterized in that one or more types of oxides are also dispersed therein.

(Example) 7 shows a specific example of the invention after the invention, and to explain in more detail, first of all, in order to manufacture such an electrical contact material, it is possible to use a sintering method or an internal oxidation process, as is known. However, in the melt internal oxidation method, Ag added with Sb, Te, and Sn
The alloy is held at high temperature in an oxidizing atmosphere to allow oxygen to penetrate from its surface to selectively oxidize Sb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Te, and other elements. By continuing the oxidation for a long time, Ag An electrical contact material is produced by dispersing the oxide in a matrix.

Here, the upper limits of the amounts of Sb, Te, and Zn-Gu-Mn added to Ag are 6.2% by weight, 2% by weight, and 5% by weight, respectively.
The reason why it must be limited to is that the maximum solid solubility limit of Sb in the alpha solid solution of Ag-Sb alloy is 6.
2% by weight, and if Sb is added in excess of this amount, the processability will be significantly inhibited, making mass production processing impossible.
It is possible to add one or more types of n to Ag in an amount of about 30%, but as mentioned above, a maximum of 6.2% by weight is already added to Ag.
When Zn-Cu-Mn is further added to the Sb-containing alloy system, the solid solubility in Ag suddenly decreases, and the addition of one or more of them in excess of 5% by weight will develop. This is because the ductility decreases significantly, making it extremely difficult to process it into a desired shape.

Further, the reason why the upper limit of Te is limited to 2% by weight as described above is that, in addition to the low solubility of Te in Ag, adding more than this makes plastic working extremely difficult.

On the other hand, when the amounts of Sb, Zn, Cu, and llr+ are 0.1% by weight, 0.01% by weight, and 0.05% by weight, respectively, the effects of addition described below cannot be obtained.

Next, in the second invention, the addition 9 of Fe group elements is from 0.01 to
The reason for limiting the content to O-5% by weight is that when the solid solubility of Fe group elements in Ag exceeds 0.5% by weight, it rapidly decreases.
．． This is because the addition of 0.1% by weight of ungrooved steel has a low effect on adjusting the internal oxidation structure.

Here, specific examples include Sb, Te, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, and Ni having a purity of 99.5% or more.
, Co was used as a raw material and an alloy with the composition shown in the table below was manufactured in the following steps.

An ingot that has been melted and cast in a high-frequency induction melting furnace is hot-forged to have its surface cut, and then an Ag plate is thermocompression bonded to the negative surface to form an Ag layer for soldering.

Next, the material was cold-rolled into a plate with a thickness of 2ffi, punched into a disk shape with a diameter of 8+*m, and then processed with Sb, Te, Fe, Ni,
By internally oxidizing Co, the alloys of the present invention ((A) and (B)) were prepared.
I got it.

For comparison, Ag-10wt%Cd, Ag-2Sb-I
Cu-ISn, Ag-2% by weight Te alloys were prepared and used for experiments.

Contact tests were conducted using an ASTM contact testing machine (AC200V) for contact resistance, arc consumption, and layered deposition tendency, respectively.
, 50A) Door wear tester (AC200V, l
0A) Actual machine test using O and heavy board switch l-(AC2
00V, 35A) and the evaluation results are shown in the attached table.

(Effect of the invention) As shown in the attached table, layered deposits of Ag-10Gd 1.
05mm:', Ag-3Sd-2Sn0.82n+m
j, Ag-2Te1.85+++m3, the alloys (A) and (B) according to the present invention are extremely small (less than 0.1 mm3), and it has been shown that the combined addition of Sb and Te is extremely effective. are doing.

However, this requires the combined addition of Sb and Te to Ag, and it should be noted that the addition of only Te oxide is extremely ineffective in preventing layered deposits.

In addition, all of the alloys of the present invention have a low amount of arc wear, and have an effective effect on arc wear resistance, that is, arc extinguishing properties.

Furthermore, the addition of one or more of the group Ⅰ elements Fe, Ni, and
This has the effect of uniformly dispersing the oxides of Te and one or more of the oxides of Zn, Cu, and Nn, and making the crystal grains a and m.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The main component is silver, and the metal component is 0.1 to 6.
2% by weight of Sb oxide and 0.05 to 5% of the metal component.
A silver-oxide contact material characterized in that at least one oxide of Cu, Zn, or Mn is dispersed in the amount of 0.01 to 2% by weight of Te oxide as a metal component. (2) The main component is silver, and the metal component is 0.1 to 6.
2% by weight of Sb oxide and 0.05 to 5% of the metal component.
One or more oxides of Cu, Zn, Mn as a weight%, Te oxide as a metal component of 0.01 to 2% by weight, Fe, Ni, as a metal component of 0.01 to 0.5% by weight,
A silver-oxide contact material characterized in that at least one type of Co oxide is dispersed therein.