JPS6215565B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6215565B2
JPS6215565B2 JP18859784A JP18859784A JPS6215565B2 JP S6215565 B2 JPS6215565 B2 JP S6215565B2 JP 18859784 A JP18859784 A JP 18859784A JP 18859784 A JP18859784 A JP 18859784A JP S6215565 B2 JPS6215565 B2 JP S6215565B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
copolymer
formula
present
methylolacrylamide
repeating unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP18859784A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6166707A (en
Inventor
Shoji Ito
Setsuko Furuya
Kensaku Mizoguchi
Masao Suda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP18859784A priority Critical patent/JPS6166707A/en
Publication of JPS6166707A publication Critical patent/JPS6166707A/en
Publication of JPS6215565B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6215565B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、熱可逆的特性を有する新規なアクリ
ルアミド系共重合体及びその製造方法、さらに詳
しくいえば水溶液状としたときに所定の温度以上
では白濁するが、その温度以下では透明化すると
いう、熱可逆特性を有し、温室、シヨーウインド
ウなどの遮光体、吸着剤、玩具、水呼吸体、被覆
材料、捺染剤、接着剤、分離膜、メカノケミカル
材料等として広く利用しうる新規なアクリルアミ
ド系共重合体及びその製造方法に関するものであ
る。 従来の技術 水溶液としたときに、所定の温度(転移温度又
は曇点)以上では析出して白濁状となりその温度
以下では溶解して透明化する水溶性高分子化合物
は、通常熱可逆高分子と称され、その可逆性を利
用して遮光体や吸着剤などへの応用がはかられて
いる。 これまで、アクリルアミド系の熱可逆高分子と
して、N−アルキル置換−アクリルアミド又はメ
タクリルアミドの重合体が知られている。 しかしながら、このアクリルアミド系熱可逆高
分子は、所要の形状に成形しても、低温下では水
に溶解し、その形状を保つことができないため、
おのずから用途が制限されるのを免れない。 アクリルアミド系重合体以外にも、多くの熱可
逆高分子が提案されているが、所定の形状を維持
したまま、高温で白濁し、低温で透明化するとい
うものは、放射線照射によるもの以外は知られて
いなかつた。 発明が解決しようとする問題点 本発明の目的は、成形後、容易に架橋させるこ
とができ、熱可逆物性を維持したまま低温におい
てもその形状を保ちうる成形体を与える新規なア
クリルアミド系共重合体を提供することである。 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明者らは、アクリルアミド系熱可逆高分子
について種々研究を重ねた結果、 N−シクロプロピルアクリルアミドとN−メチ
ロールアクリルアミドとを所定の割合で共重合さ
せて得られる共重合体は、熱可逆特性を有する上
に、容易に架橋化して水不溶性になることを見出
し、この知見に基づいて本発明をなすに至つた。 すなわち、本発明は、N−シクロプロピルアク
リルアミド単位とN−メチロールアクリルアミド
単位とから成り、N−メチロールアクリルアミド
単位の割合が全体の0.1〜30モル%で、かつ極限
粘度〔η〕0.01〜6.0に相当する分子量を有する
アクリルアミド系共重合体を提供するものであ
る。 このようなアクリルアミド系共重合体は、N−
シクロプロピルアクリルアミドとN−メチロール
アクリルアミドとを、モル比99.9:0.1ないし
70:30の割合で、溶液状態においてラジカル重合
させることによつて製造することができる。 この際の単量体として用いるN−シクロプロピ
ルアクリルアミドは本発明者が開発した新規化合
物であつて、例えばアクリル酸クロリドとシクロ
プロピルアミンとを脱塩酸剤例えばトリエチルア
ミンの存在下で反応させることによつて製造する
ことができる。また、このN−シクロプロピルア
クリルアミドと共重合させるN−メチロールアク
リルアミドは公知化合物であり、市販品として入
手することができる。 これらの単量体を共重合するには、単量体を均
一に混合しうる溶媒を用いて行うことが必要であ
る。このような溶媒の例としては、水、アルコー
ル、N・N−ジエチルアセトアミド、ジメチルス
ルホキシド、アセトン、ジオキサン、テトラヒド
ロフラン、ベンゼン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素
などを挙げることができる。これらの溶媒は単独
で用いてもよいし、また2種以上組み合わせて用
いてもよい。 本発明方法においては、これらの溶媒中に、単
量体を1〜100重量%の濃度で溶解し、溶液状態
でラジカル重合させる。このラジカル重合は、通
常のラジカル重合開始剤例えばアゾビスイソブチ
ロニトリル、過酸化ベンゾイルなどの存在下で加
熱してもよいし、また放射線照射や光照射によつ
て行つてもよい。 本発明の共重合体では、式で表わされる繰り
返し単位の割合が全体の0.1〜30モル%であるこ
とが必要である。この割合が0.1モル%よりも少
ないと十分な架橋性が得られないし、また30モル
%よりも多くなると、水溶性高分子となるため、
所望の目的を達成することができなくなる。 本発明の共重合体は、メタノール溶液として、
30℃において0.01〜6.0、好ましくは0.1〜3.0の極
限粘度〔η〕を示す程度の分子量を有するので、
常法に従つて容易に成形することができる。 本発明の共重合体は、赤外吸収スペクトルにお
いて、メチロール基に基づく1035cm-1及びシクロ
プロピル基に基づく3080、3005、1450、1050及び
1025cm-1のピークを示すことにより、その同定を
行うことができる。 本発明の共重合体は、加熱すると、N−メチロ
ール基の間で脱水反応を起し、容易に架橋し、不
溶化する。したがつて、この共重合体を、慣用の
方法例えばキヤスト法、湿式紡糸法などによつて
成形したのち、乾式加熱することによつて、非水
溶性の成形体とすることができる。この際の架橋
化条件は、共重合体の組成、使用する反応温度や
反応時間に左右されるが、一般的に、式で表わ
される繰り返し単位が多いものは、反応温度が低
くなり、また反応時間が短かくなるし、式で表
わされる繰り返し単位が少ないものは、反応温度
が高くなり、反応時間が長くなる。通常は、反応
温度は100〜200℃、反応時間は1〜500分の範囲
内である。 本発明の共重合体の転移温度は、各単量体単位
のモル比に依存し、N−メチロールアクリルアミ
ドの割合の増加とともに高温側に移動する。した
がつて、このモル比を変えることによつて転移温
度を任意に調節することができる。 一方、この共重合体の熱応答感度は、N−メチ
ロールアクリルアミドの割合が増加するとともに
低下するが、この低下の割合は小さいので、全体
的に熱応答感度は良好である。 実施例 次に実施例により本発明をさらに詳細に説明す
る。 実施例 N−シクロプロピルアクリルアミドとN−メチ
ロールアクリルアミドを種々の割合で混合し、ラ
ジカル重合させた。 重合開始剤としてアゾビスイソブチロニトリル
を用い、その濃度5mg/mlメタノール溶液20mlを
所定の組成及び濃度に調整したモノマーのメタノ
ール溶液中に投入し、反応温度50℃で40時間反応
させた。反応後メタノールを除去してアセトン溶
液とし、ジエチルエーテルに沈殿させポリマーを
回収した。共重合体中のN−メチロールアクリル
アミド分率は、重合率100%と仮定して算出し
た。 各実験におけるモノマー仕込量、共重合体中の
N−メチロールアクリルアミド分率、転移温度を
次表に示す。この転移温度は、1%濃度の共重合
体水溶液を調製し、これを温度調節付分光光度計
にセツトし、昇温速度1℃/分で昇温させながら
波長500nmにおける光透過率変化をプロツトし
てグラフを作成し、光透過率が初期透過率の1/2
となる点から求めた。この際の光透過率変化のグ
ラフを図に示す。
Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a novel acrylamide copolymer having thermoreversible properties and a method for producing the same.More specifically, when it is made into an aqueous solution, it becomes cloudy above a certain temperature, but below that temperature, it becomes cloudy. It has thermoreversible properties of becoming transparent and is widely used as light shielding materials for greenhouses, show windows, etc., adsorbents, toys, water breathing bodies, coating materials, printing agents, adhesives, separation membranes, mechanochemical materials, etc. The present invention relates to a novel acrylamide-based copolymer and a method for producing the same. Prior Art Water-soluble polymer compounds that, when made into an aqueous solution, precipitate and become cloudy at temperatures above a certain temperature (transition temperature or cloud point) and dissolve and become transparent below that temperature are usually called thermoreversible polymers. Its reversibility is being used to find applications in light shielding materials, adsorbents, etc. Until now, N-alkyl-substituted acrylamide or methacrylamide polymers have been known as acrylamide-based thermoreversible polymers. However, even if this acrylamide-based thermoreversible polymer is molded into the desired shape, it dissolves in water at low temperatures and cannot maintain its shape.
Naturally, it is inevitable that its uses will be limited. In addition to acrylamide-based polymers, many thermoreversible polymers have been proposed, but there are no polymers that become cloudy at high temperatures and transparent at low temperatures while maintaining a predetermined shape, other than those caused by radiation irradiation. It wasn't. Problems to be Solved by the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide a novel acrylamide copolymer that can be easily crosslinked after molding and that can maintain its shape even at low temperatures while maintaining thermoreversible physical properties. It is to provide a combination. Means for Solving the Problems As a result of various studies on acrylamide-based thermoreversible polymers, the present inventors have found that they can be obtained by copolymerizing N-cyclopropylacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide in a predetermined ratio. It was discovered that the copolymer has thermoreversible properties and is easily crosslinked to become water-insoluble, and based on this knowledge, the present invention was accomplished. That is, the present invention is composed of N-cyclopropylacrylamide units and N-methylolacrylamide units, and the proportion of N-methylolacrylamide units is 0.1 to 30 mol% of the total, and corresponds to an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.01 to 6.0. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an acrylamide copolymer having a molecular weight of Such an acrylamide copolymer has N-
Cyclopropylacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide in a molar ratio of 99.9:0.1 to
It can be produced by radical polymerization in solution at a ratio of 70:30. N-cyclopropylacrylamide used as a monomer in this case is a new compound developed by the present inventor, and is produced by, for example, reacting acrylic acid chloride and cyclopropylamine in the presence of a dehydrochlorination agent such as triethylamine. It can be manufactured by Further, N-methylolacrylamide to be copolymerized with this N-cyclopropylacrylamide is a known compound and can be obtained as a commercially available product. In order to copolymerize these monomers, it is necessary to use a solvent that can uniformly mix the monomers. Examples of such solvents include water, alcohol, N·N-diethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and the like. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the method of the present invention, monomers are dissolved in these solvents at a concentration of 1 to 100% by weight, and radical polymerization is carried out in a solution state. This radical polymerization may be carried out by heating in the presence of a conventional radical polymerization initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile or benzoyl peroxide, or by irradiation with radiation or light. In the copolymer of the present invention, the proportion of the repeating unit represented by the formula must be 0.1 to 30 mol% of the total. If this proportion is less than 0.1 mol%, sufficient crosslinking properties cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 30 mol%, the polymer becomes water-soluble.
It becomes impossible to achieve the desired objective. The copolymer of the present invention can be prepared as a methanol solution.
Since it has a molecular weight that exhibits an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.01 to 6.0, preferably 0.1 to 3.0 at 30°C,
It can be easily molded according to conventional methods. The copolymer of the present invention has an infrared absorption spectrum of 1035 cm -1 based on the methylol group and 3080, 3005, 1450, 1050 cm -1 based on the cyclopropyl group, and
It can be identified by showing the peak at 1025 cm -1 . When the copolymer of the present invention is heated, a dehydration reaction occurs between the N-methylol groups, and the copolymer is easily crosslinked and becomes insolubilized. Therefore, a water-insoluble molded article can be obtained by molding this copolymer by a conventional method such as a casting method or a wet spinning method, and then dry heating it. The crosslinking conditions at this time depend on the composition of the copolymer, the reaction temperature and reaction time used, but in general, the more repeating units represented by the formula, the lower the reaction temperature and the reaction time. The reaction time will be shorter, and if there are fewer repeating units represented by the formula, the reaction temperature will be higher and the reaction time will be longer. Usually, the reaction temperature is in the range of 100 to 200°C and the reaction time is in the range of 1 to 500 minutes. The transition temperature of the copolymer of the present invention depends on the molar ratio of each monomer unit, and shifts toward higher temperatures as the proportion of N-methylolacrylamide increases. Therefore, by changing this molar ratio, the transition temperature can be adjusted as desired. On the other hand, the thermal response sensitivity of this copolymer decreases as the proportion of N-methylolacrylamide increases, but the rate of this decrease is small, so the thermal response sensitivity is good overall. Examples Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Examples N-cyclopropylacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide were mixed in various ratios and subjected to radical polymerization. Using azobisisobutyronitrile as a polymerization initiator, 20 ml of a methanol solution with a concentration of 5 mg/ml was poured into a methanol solution of monomers adjusted to a predetermined composition and concentration, and the reaction was carried out at a reaction temperature of 50° C. for 40 hours. After the reaction, methanol was removed to obtain an acetone solution, which was precipitated in diethyl ether to recover the polymer. The N-methylolacrylamide fraction in the copolymer was calculated assuming a polymerization rate of 100%. The amount of monomer charged, the N-methylolacrylamide fraction in the copolymer, and the transition temperature in each experiment are shown in the following table. This transition temperature was determined by preparing a 1% copolymer aqueous solution, setting it in a temperature-controlled spectrophotometer, and plotting the change in light transmittance at a wavelength of 500 nm while increasing the temperature at a rate of 1°C/min. Create a graph and set the light transmittance to 1/2 of the initial transmittance.
It was found from the point that A graph of the change in light transmittance at this time is shown in the figure.

【表】 試料No.2ないし、No.4はこれをフイルム状に成
形し、150℃で1時間乾式加熱したところ、加熱
前の形状を維持したまま架橋し、不溶化したが、
試料No.1は全く架橋しなかつた。 また、試料No.5及び6は水溶性となり熱可逆性
を示さなかつた。 発明の効果 本発明の共重合体は、熱可逆特性に加え、架橋
性能を有しているため、これを成形後加熱処理す
ることにより、容易に架橋させて不溶化すること
ができるという利点を有している。 したがつて、この共重合体はメカノケミカル材
料、遮光材、吸着剤、玩具素材、分離膜などとし
て広く利用することができる。
[Table] When samples No. 2 to No. 4 were formed into a film and dry heated at 150°C for 1 hour, they were crosslinked and insolubilized while maintaining the shape before heating.
Sample No. 1 was not crosslinked at all. Moreover, Samples Nos. 5 and 6 were water-soluble and did not exhibit thermoreversibility. Effects of the Invention The copolymer of the present invention has crosslinking performance in addition to thermoreversible properties, so it has the advantage that it can be easily crosslinked and made insolubilized by heat treatment after molding. are doing. Therefore, this copolymer can be widely used as mechanochemical materials, light shielding materials, adsorbents, toy materials, separation membranes, etc.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

図は、実施例で得た共重合体水溶液の光透過率
と温度の関係を示すグラフである。
The figure is a graph showing the relationship between light transmittance and temperature of copolymer aqueous solutions obtained in Examples.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 式() で表わされる繰り返し単位と 式() で表わされる繰り返し単位とから成り、式()
で表わされる単位の割合が全体の0.1〜30モル%
で、かつ極限粘度〔η〕0.01〜6.0に相当する分
子量を有するアクリルアミド系共重合体。 2 N−シクロプロピルアクリルアミドとN−メ
チロールアクリルアミドとを、モル比99.9:0.1
ないし70:30の割合で、溶液状態においてラジカ
ル重合させることを特徴とする 式() で表わされる繰り返し単位と 式() で表わされる繰り返し単位とから成り、式()
で表わされる単位の割合が全体の0.1〜30モル%
で、かつ極限粘度〔η〕0.01〜6.0に相当する分
子量を有するアクリルアミド系共重合体の製造方
法。
[Claims] 1 Formula () The repeating unit represented by and the formula () It consists of a repeating unit represented by the formula ()
The proportion of units represented by is 0.1 to 30 mol% of the total
An acrylamide copolymer having a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.01 to 6.0. 2 N-cyclopropylacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide at a molar ratio of 99.9:0.1
Formula () characterized by radical polymerization in a solution state at a ratio of 70:30 The repeating unit represented by and the formula () It consists of a repeating unit represented by the formula ()
The proportion of units represented by is 0.1 to 30 mol% of the total
A method for producing an acrylamide copolymer having a molecular weight corresponding to an intrinsic viscosity [η] of 0.01 to 6.0.
JP18859784A 1984-09-08 1984-09-08 Production of crosslinkable, thermally reversible high polymer compound Granted JPS6166707A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18859784A JPS6166707A (en) 1984-09-08 1984-09-08 Production of crosslinkable, thermally reversible high polymer compound

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP18859784A JPS6166707A (en) 1984-09-08 1984-09-08 Production of crosslinkable, thermally reversible high polymer compound

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP13223286A Division JPS61287931A (en) 1986-06-07 1986-06-07 Production of thermoreversible high-molecular crosslinked molding

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6166707A JPS6166707A (en) 1986-04-05
JPS6215565B2 true JPS6215565B2 (en) 1987-04-08

Family

ID=16226438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP18859784A Granted JPS6166707A (en) 1984-09-08 1984-09-08 Production of crosslinkable, thermally reversible high polymer compound

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6166707A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2525407B2 (en) * 1987-05-08 1996-08-21 三井東圧化学株式会社 Separation membrane
US5104954A (en) * 1987-10-05 1992-04-14 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Thermostropic biphilic hydrogels and hydroplastics
AU2003233400A1 (en) 2002-03-15 2003-09-29 The Penn State Research Foundation Method for control of temperature-sensitivity of polymers in solution

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6166707A (en) 1986-04-05

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