JPS6215499B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6215499B2 JPS6215499B2 JP5005880A JP5005880A JPS6215499B2 JP S6215499 B2 JPS6215499 B2 JP S6215499B2 JP 5005880 A JP5005880 A JP 5005880A JP 5005880 A JP5005880 A JP 5005880A JP S6215499 B2 JPS6215499 B2 JP S6215499B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- cement
- amount
- expansion
- tensile strength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 calcium sulfo aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid group Chemical group S(O)(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical group OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011411 calcium sulfoaluminate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULODLFDKFVIYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 ULODLFDKFVIYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
本発明はセメント混和材、特に蒸気養生を施す
コンクリート製品の曲げと引張りの強度を増加さ
せ、脱型時及びそれ以降の膨張ひびわれを発生さ
せないことを特徴とするセメント混和材に関する
ものである。
一般に、セメントを結合材として製造されるコ
ンクリート製品は、圧縮強度は高いが、引張り・
曲げ・曲げ引張り等は著るしく低い値しか得られ
ない。このため、従来より膨張性セメント混和材
（例えば、「デンカCSA」、「アサノジプカル」、
「小野田エクスパン」いずれも登録商標）を混入
してコンクリートにケミカルプレストレスを導入
し、曲げ・引張り耐力の高いい製品としている。
しかしながら、従来の膨張性セメント混和材は
最大膨張量の大きいことと、蒸気養生直後までに
その７〜８割程度の膨張が発現してしまうため、
特に単位膨張材量の多い場合、蒸気養生後の型枠
脱型時及びそれ以後に膨張ひびわれが発生してい
た。又、この膨張ひびわれが発生しない程度の単
位膨張材量に減ずると、特に普通２種管以上（従
来のCP管２種）ではその規格値を満足しない例
が多く、商品価値を著しく低下させるという欠点
がある。
本発明はこれらの欠点を解決することを目的と
するもので、セメントに対し無水石膏の含有量の
多いカルシウムサルフオアルミネート系膨張材と
CaOの含有率が49〜62重量％の無定形カルシウム
アルミネートとを併用することにより曲げ及び引
張り強度にすぐれ、ひび割れなどの生じない蒸気
養生コンクリート製品を製造するに適したセメン
ト混和材を提供しようとするものである。
すなわち、本発明品は、3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaSO4、無水石膏及び生石灰を主成分として含有
してなるカルシウムサルフオアルミネート系物質
に対し、CaO含有率が49〜62重量％の無定形カル
シウムアルミネートを0.5〜８重量％存在せしめ
てなる蒸気養生用セメント混和材である。
本発明に係るカルシウムサルフオアルミネート
系物質はどのような方法で製造したものであつて
も使用できる。例えば、石灰石、石膏及びボーキ
サイト等を原料に、所定の配合条件で調合し、焼
成粉砕したものであつても良いし、あらかじめ
3CaO・3Al2O3・CaSO4が多く出来る様な条件で
焼成して得たクリンカーに、無水石膏並びに石灰
を添加して粉砕したものであつても良い。また、
市販品としては、登録商標の「デンカCSA」、
「アサノジプカル」、「住友サクス」が使用され
る。
これらのなかにあつても、3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaSO410〜20重量％、無水石膏60〜80重量％、生
石灰10〜20重量％を含有するカルシウムサルフオ
アルミネート系物質は好適である。すなわち、こ
の割合は、無水石膏の多いことが特徴であるが、
これはカルシウムサルフオアルミネート系物質の
膨張性を極力抑制し、更に部材の曲げ引張り強度
を増大させるためのもので、この範囲より石膏量
が少ないと膨張性が増大し、この範囲より多いと
部材の曲げ引張り強度が低下する。
また、これの粉末度についても、ブレーン比表
面積で3000〜5500cm2／ｇが好ましく、最も好まし
くは3500〜4500cm2／ｇ程度である。粉末度が3000
cm2／ｇ程度より小では膨張効果は蒸気養生直後で
は小さいが、最大膨張量が従来のカルシウムサル
フオアルミネート系膨張材よりも大きくなつてし
まうので本発明では好ましくなく、また5500cm2／
ｇ程度より大では膨張量は従来品と比べて半分よ
りも小さくなつてしまうが、それに伴なつて曲げ
引張り耐力も急激に低下してしまう。
また本発明で用いられる無定形カルシウムアル
ミネートは、種々の方法で溶融冷却して製造する
ことが出来るが、非晶質であるため鉱物組成では
限定出来ないが、CaO含有率は49〜62重量％、最
も好ましくは50〜55重量％であることが必要であ
る。CaO含有率が49重量％よりも少量ではカルシ
ウムアルミネートの活性度が弱くなるために部材
の曲げ引張り強度の増大は期待できない。また62
重量％よりも多量であつても部材の曲げ引張り強
度は低下する。
また無定形カルシウムアルミネートの含有量が
重要であつて、カルシウムサルフオアルミネート
系物質に対し、0.5〜８重量％である。これより
も多くても少くても部材の曲げ引張り強度が低下
することは実施例に示す通りであるが、とくに８
重量％をこえると作業性も低下する。
無定形カルシウムアルミネートの粉末度は、カ
ルシウムサルフオアルミネート物質と同程度であ
ればよい。
本発明品の使用量は、セメントに対し10〜20重
量％程度の範囲内で目的に応じて適宜選択できる
が、とくに遠心力鉄筋コンクリート管等において
は、13〜17重量％が好ましい。セメントとして
は、普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱、白色のポルト
ランドセメントや、シリカセメント、フライアツ
シユセメントが使用可能である。また、高活性シ
リカ質物質としての水砕スラグやシリカフラワー
等、セメント分散剤としてのβ−ナフタリンスル
ホン酸ソーダーのホルマリン縮合物や、硫酸又は
亜硫酸変性のメラミン樹脂、リグニンスルホン酸
ソーダー等を添加することによつて、それ相当の
効果を発現する。
以上説明した通り、本発明は3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaSO4、無水石膏及び生石灰を主成分としてなる
カルシウムサルフオアルミネート系物質に、CaO
含有率が49〜62重量％の無定形カルシウムアルミ
ネートを0.5〜８重量％存在させたものであり、
本発明品を使用することにより、蒸気養生を施す
コンクリート製品の曲げ引張り強度を高めるとと
もに、蒸気養生後のコンクリート膨張量を少なく
し、製品の品質を著しく高めることが可能であ
る。
以下、実施例をあげてさらに本発明を説明す
る。
実施例 １
3CaO・3Al2O3・CaSO412重量％、CaSO468重
量％、CaO15重量％を含有し、かつ粉末度がブレ
ーン4000cm2／ｇであるカルシウムサルフオアルミ
ネート系物質にCaO含有率が52重量％の無定形カ
ルシウムアルミネートを混合してセメント混和材
とした。
これを用いて第１表に示す配合のコンクリート
を調合し、φ200mm、L300mmのコンクリート管
を、低速（200rpm）２分、中速（350rpm）２
分、高速（600rpm）６分の条件で遠心力成形し
た。これを３時間室温で前養生してから15〜20
℃／hrの速度で昇温し、65℃３時間保持した後、
蒸気を止めて自然冷却した。蒸気養生翌日に脱型
し、以後６日間散水養生し、材令７日に外圧試験
法に準じて初ひびわれ強度を測定した。また、10
×10×30cmの一軸拘束供試体（鉄筋比１％）によ
る拘束膨張量も測定した。これらの結果を第２表
に示す。
The present invention relates to a cement admixture, particularly a cement admixture that increases the bending and tensile strength of concrete products subjected to steam curing, and does not cause expansion cracks during demolding and thereafter. Generally, concrete products manufactured using cement as a binder have high compressive strength, but
Only extremely low values can be obtained for bending, bending tension, etc. For this reason, conventional expandable cement admixtures (for example, "Denka CSA", "Asano Gypcal",
"Onoda Expan" (all registered trademarks) is mixed in to introduce chemical prestress into the concrete, resulting in a product with high bending and tensile strength. However, conventional expandable cement admixtures have a large maximum expansion amount, and about 70 to 80% of that expansion occurs immediately after steam curing.
In particular, when the unit amount of expanding material was large, expansion cracks occurred during and after demolding the formwork after steam curing. In addition, if the amount of expansion material is reduced to a level that does not cause expansion cracks, there are many cases in which the standard value is not met, especially for ordinary class 2 pipes and above (conventional CP pipes), which significantly reduces the product value. There are drawbacks. The present invention is aimed at solving these drawbacks, and uses a calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansive material with a high content of anhydrite for cement.
We would like to provide a cement admixture that is suitable for manufacturing steam-cured concrete products that have excellent bending and tensile strength and do not cause cracks by using it together with amorphous calcium aluminate with a CaO content of 49 to 62% by weight. That is. That is, the product of the present invention has 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
It is made by adding 0.5 to 8% by weight of amorphous calcium aluminate with a CaO content of 49 to 62% by weight to a calcium sulfoaluminate material containing CaSO 4 , anhydrite, and quicklime as main components. A cement admixture for steam curing. The calcium sulfoaluminate material according to the present invention can be used regardless of its production method. For example, it may be made from limestone, gypsum, bauxite, etc. as raw materials, mixed under predetermined mixing conditions, fired and crushed, or it may be prepared in advance.
The clinker obtained by firing under conditions that produce a large amount of 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・CaSO 4 may be pulverized after adding anhydrite and lime. Also,
Commercially available products include the registered trademark "Denka CSA",
``Asano Gypcal'' and ``Sumitomo Sax'' are used. Even among these, 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
Calcium sulfoaluminate materials containing 10-20% by weight CaSO 4 , 60-80% by weight anhydrite, and 10-20% by weight quicklime are preferred. In other words, this ratio is characterized by a large amount of anhydrite,
This is to suppress the expansibility of calcium sulfoaluminate-based materials as much as possible and further increase the bending tensile strength of the component. The bending tensile strength of the member decreases. Also, regarding the fineness of the powder, the Blaine specific surface area is preferably 3000 to 5500 cm 2 /g, most preferably about 3500 to 4500 cm 2 /g. Powderness is 3000
If it is less than about cm 2 /g, the expansion effect will be small immediately after steam curing, but the maximum expansion amount will be larger than that of conventional calcium sulfoaluminate-based expansion materials, which is not preferable in the present invention .
If it is larger than approximately g, the amount of expansion will be less than half of that of conventional products, but the bending tensile strength will also drop accordingly. In addition, the amorphous calcium aluminate used in the present invention can be produced by melting and cooling using various methods, but since it is amorphous, it cannot be limited by mineral composition, but the CaO content is between 49 and 62% by weight. %, most preferably 50-55% by weight. If the CaO content is less than 49% by weight, the activity of calcium aluminate will be weakened, and no increase in the bending tensile strength of the member can be expected. Also 62
Even if the amount is larger than % by weight, the bending tensile strength of the member will decrease. The content of amorphous calcium aluminate is also important, and is 0.5 to 8% by weight based on the calcium sulfoaluminate material. As shown in the examples, the bending tensile strength of the member decreases when the amount is more or less than this, but especially when the amount is less than 8.
If it exceeds % by weight, workability also decreases. The fineness of the amorphous calcium aluminate may be comparable to that of the calcium sulfo aluminate material. The amount of the product of the present invention to be used can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose within a range of about 10 to 20% by weight based on cement, but 13 to 17% by weight is particularly preferable for centrifugal reinforced concrete pipes. As the cement, normal, early strength, super early strength, medium heat, white Portland cement, silica cement, and fly ash cement can be used. In addition, granulated slag and silica flour as highly active siliceous substances, formalin condensate of β-naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium as a cement dispersant, melamine resin modified with sulfuric acid or sulfite, lignin sulfonic acid sodium, etc. are added. Depending on the situation, a corresponding effect can be achieved. As explained above, the present invention provides 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
CaSO 4 is added to calcium sulfoaluminate-based substances whose main components are anhydrite and quicklime.
It contains 0.5 to 8% by weight of amorphous calcium aluminate with a content of 49 to 62% by weight,
By using the product of the present invention, it is possible to increase the bending tensile strength of a concrete product subjected to steam curing, reduce the amount of concrete expansion after steam curing, and significantly improve the quality of the product. The present invention will be further explained below with reference to Examples. Example 1 CaO is added to a calcium sulfoaluminate-based material containing 12% by weight of 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・CaSO 4 , 68% by weight of CaSO 4 , and 15% by weight of CaO, and has a particle size of Blaine 4000 cm 2 /g. Amorphous calcium aluminate with a ratio of 52% by weight was mixed to form a cement admixture. Using this, mix concrete with the composition shown in Table 1, and insert a concrete pipe with a diameter of 200 mm and a length of 300 mm at low speed (200 rpm) for 2 minutes and at medium speed (350 rpm) for 2 minutes.
centrifugal force molding at high speed (600 rpm) for 6 minutes. Pre-cure this at room temperature for 3 hours and then
After raising the temperature at a rate of °C/hr and holding it at 65 °C for 3 hours,
The steam was turned off and the mixture was allowed to cool naturally. The mold was removed the day after the steam curing, and then water-sprayed for 6 days, and the initial cracking strength was measured on the 7th day of age according to the external pressure test method. Also, 10
The amount of restraint expansion was also measured using a uniaxially restrained specimen (reinforcement ratio: 1%) of ×10 × 30cm. These results are shown in Table 2.
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例 ２
実験No.４において、CaO含有率の異なる無定形
カルシウムアルミネートを用いた結果を第３表に
示す。[Table] Example 2 Table 3 shows the results of using amorphous calcium aluminates with different CaO contents in Experiment No. 4.
【表】
実施例 ３
CaO含有率52重量％の無定形カルシウムアルミ
ネートを実施例１と同一の組成を有するカルシウ
ムサルフオアルミネート系物質に５重量％混合し
たセメント混和材をセメントに対し内割で14重量
％配合し、コンクリートを調合してφ1200mm、
L2430mmの遠心力鉄筋コンクリート管（Ａ型普通
管）を製造した。
比較のため、従来のカルシウムサルフオアルミ
ネート系セメント混和材（3CaO・3Al2O3・
CaSO416重量％、CaSO458重量％、CaO19重量％
を含有し、無定形カルシウムアルミネートは添加
してないもの）を用いた以外は同様にして製管し
た。この場合の結果を第４表に示す。[Table] Example 3 A cement admixture in which 5% by weight of amorphous calcium aluminate with a CaO content of 52% by weight was mixed with a calcium sulfoaluminate material having the same composition as in Example 1 was divided into cement. Mixed with 14% by weight, mixed concrete and made φ1200mm,
A centrifugal reinforced concrete pipe (A-type ordinary pipe) with a length of 2430 mm was manufactured. For comparison, conventional calcium sulfo aluminate cement admixture (3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・
CaSO4 16% by weight, CaSO4 58% by weight, CaO19% by weight
Pipe production was performed in the same manner, except that a material containing amorphous calcium aluminate was used. The results in this case are shown in Table 4.
Claims (1)
灰を主成分として含有してなるカルシウムサルフ
オアルミネート系物質に対し、CaO含有率が49〜
62重量％の無定形カルシウムアルミネートを0.5
〜８重量％存在せしめてなる蒸気養生用セメント
混和材。1 3CaO・3Al 2 O 3・CaSO 4 For calcium sulfoaluminate materials containing anhydrite and quicklime as main components, the CaO content is 49~
62% by weight amorphous calcium aluminate 0.5
A cement admixture for steam curing comprising ~8% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5005880A JPS56149358A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | Vapor-curing cement admixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5005880A JPS56149358A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | Vapor-curing cement admixture |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56149358A JPS56149358A (en) | 1981-11-19 |
| JPS6215499B2 true JPS6215499B2 (en) | 1987-04-08 |
Family
ID=12848391
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5005880A Granted JPS56149358A (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1980-04-15 | Vapor-curing cement admixture |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56149358A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102641817B1 (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-02-29 | (주) 주안기업 | manufacturing method of mixture material composition for steam curing slag cement, concrete composition using that mixture material composition |
-
1980
- 1980-04-15 JP JP5005880A patent/JPS56149358A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56149358A (en) | 1981-11-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4789466B2 (en) | Rapidly setting cement composition | |
| US6869474B2 (en) | Very fast setting cementitious composition | |
| US6730162B1 (en) | Hydraulic binder resulting from mixing a sulfate binder and a binder comprising the mineral compound C4A3{overscore (S)} | |
| US4019918A (en) | Portland cement compositions | |
| US5509962A (en) | Cement containing activated belite | |
| SU686610A3 (en) | Expanding additive to concrete | |
| EP4107135A1 (en) | Accelerator for mineral binder compositions | |
| US9994484B2 (en) | Fast setting portland cement compositions with alkali metal citrates and phosphates with high early-age compressive strength and reduced shrinkage | |
| US5273581A (en) | Method of making a hydraulic binder settable upon combination with water | |
| US4187118A (en) | Concrete composition for making concrete moldings and method for making such concrete moldings | |
| US4746367A (en) | Superplasticizer composition for use with hydraulic cements | |
| US4762561A (en) | Volume-stable hardened hydraulic cement | |
| JP3871594B2 (en) | Curing accelerator and cement composition | |
| US3942994A (en) | Early strength cements | |
| US4230499A (en) | Concrete composition for making concrete moldings and method for making such concrete moldings | |
| JPS6215499B2 (en) | ||
| EP0903330B1 (en) | Process for producing a concrete product | |
| JP7083637B2 (en) | Concrete and its manufacturing method | |
| JP2020093940A (en) | Cement admixture, and concrete using the same | |
| JP3657075B2 (en) | Manufacturing method for concrete products | |
| KR20150119624A (en) | Eco-Mortars Composition Usnig Non-firing Binder | |
| JP2503772B2 (en) | Fast-curing self-leveling flooring composition | |
| JPS5852944B2 (en) | Cement admixture for grouting | |
| JP2018131359A (en) | Expanding material for an underwater anti-washout concrete, anti-washout underwater concrete composition, and hardened article thereof | |
| JPH0235698B2 (en) |