JPS62153101A - Vacuum-locked extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out opening and closing operation of divided cylinders in high efficiency in a short time, by forming a suction vacuum chamber at the joint of an extrusion cylinder divided into two sections. CONSTITUTION:An extrusion cylinder 4 of an extruder 1 is divided into upper and lower sections along longitudinal direction to form divided cylinders 5, 6 which are openably pivoted with a hinge 7. A locking vacuum chamber 10, 10' having a form of depressed cavity is formed between both faces of the joined face 8, 9 of each divided cylinder 5, 6. The vacuum chambers 10, 10' between the joined faces 8, 9 are evacuated by the sucking action of an evacuation apparatus 12 and the divided cylinders 5, 6 are locked in closed state by the negative pressure caused by vacuum. The locking force can be increased by the addition of magnetic attractive force to the sucking force of vacuum.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a vacuum lock type extruder that facilitates cleaning and setup changes of extrusion cylinders etc. when changing raw materials to be extruded. It is something.

Conventionally, when extruding self-hardening raw materials such as cement, or changing raw materials, colors, etc., the extrusion cylinder was made divisible to make cleaning the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder, screw, etc. easier. , an extrusion molding machine for cement, gypsum, etc., described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-37611 is known, but the flange parts of the mating surfaces of the divided cylinders are usually fixed with a large number of bolts. However, it takes a lot of effort to attach and detach bolts when opening and closing the split cylinder, and it has drawbacks such as the inability to change setups in a short time.

The present invention is a vacuum lock that locks each split cylinder by utilizing the vacuum suction force that acts between the mating surfaces, without requiring any fasteners such as bolts. 2. We aim to provide an extruder.

[Structure of the invention]

In view of this, the present invention provides a split cylinder in which the extrusion cylinder is divided into two parts in the longitudinal direction, which is pivotally supported so as to be able to open and close freely.
A vacuum chamber for locking is formed on the mating surface of the split cylinder, and the three vacuum chambers are connected to a suction device, or an electromagnet is further attached to one mating surface to magnetically attract the other mating surface. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vacuum lock type extruder to overcome the above drawbacks.

1 The present invention locks the split cylinders as a tightly integrated extrusion cylinder by applying suction to the vacuum chamber provided between the mating surfaces of the split cylinders. If you need to clean the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder and screw shaft when cleaning after extrusion, or when changing the raw material, color, etc. to be extruded,
By releasing the suction action on the vacuum chamber and making the pressure inside the vacuum chamber equal to the outer pressure, the locking action is released, and in this state, by rotating the split cylinder upward using the hinge as a fulcrum, the inside of the extrusion cylinder is It will be exposed.

One embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. 3 is the main body of an extruder for extrusion molding various plastic raw materials, and a screw shaft 3 rotatably driven by a drive section 2 is located in the center. The inserted extrusion cylinder 4 is divided into upper and lower halves in the longitudinal direction to form split cylinders 5.6, and each split cylinder 5.6 is provided on one side wall of the hinge portion 7.7a.
There is also a vacuum chamber 1 for locking which spans almost the entire area between the left and right surfaces of the mating surfaces 8.9 of each split cylinder 5.6 and is recessed in a concave shape.
0.10a, and a gasket 11, Lla is interposed on the peripheral wall of the vacuum chamber 10.10a at one mating surface 8 so as to surround the vacuum chamber 10.10a, and when the split cylinder 5.6 is connected, The seals 11 and lla form a collar that completely seals each vacuum chamber 10.10a, and connects each vacuum chamber 10.10a to a suction device 12.

In addition, a nozzle 15 having a discharge port (4) of an arbitrary shape is disposed opposite to the discharge part 13 formed protruding from the tip of the extrusion cylinder 4 through a packing 16, and the nozzle 15 and the discharge part 13 are The opposing mounting portions are formed with tapered surfaces 17, 18 whose diameter decreases toward the projecting direction.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a fixture for fixing the nozzle 15, and a nut part 22 is provided in the center to be screwed into the outer periphery of the discharge part 13 via a screw part 20, 21, and a nozzle is attached to the tip of the cough nut part 22. A claw portion 23 that engages with the outer periphery of the nut portion 22 is formed, and a handle 24.24a for screwing operation is provided protruding from the outer periphery of the nut portion 22, and the nozzle 15 is inserted by operating the handle 24.24a. Discharge part 13 in the state
By screwing the nut portion 22 into the nozzle 15, the nozzle 15 is detachably attached and fixed.

In the figure, 25 is a vacuum chamber for degassing, and 26 is a vacuum chamber 25 for degassing.
27 is a hopper for inputting raw materials.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show another embodiment in which the opening and closing direction of the split cylinder 5.6 is the left-right direction, and in this case, the mating surfaces 8.9 of each side cylinder 5.6 are positioned on a vertical plane. At the same time, a hinge portion 7.7a is provided in the vertical direction at the base end of the separate cylinder 5.6.

Next, to explain the second invention, in order to further strengthen the separate cylinder 5.60 lock by vacuum suction, an electromagnet 28 is attached to an appropriate location on one mating surface 8,
By electrically controlling the magnetic force of the electromagnet 28, the other mating surface 9 can be magnetically attracted.

Next, the operation of the vacuum lock two extruder according to the present invention will be explained. When in use, the extrusion cylinder 4 is
The raw material introduced into the chamber is extruded from the discharge port 14 of the nozzle 15.

In this state of use, since the vacuum chamber 10.10a of the mating surface 8.9 is in a vacuum state due to the suction action of the suction device 12, the split cylinder 5.
6 are locked in a tight state, and the nozzle 15 and the discharge part 1 are tightened by the tightening action of the fixture 19 screwed onto the discharge part 13 at the tip of the extrusion cylinder 4, and the fixture 19 is screwed in and pressed.
The tightening force acting in the mating direction by the tapered surfaces 17.18 of No. 3 strengthens the tightening of the split cylinder 5.6 in the discharge section 13 where the discharge pressure is high.

When the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder 4 and the screw shaft 3 need to be cleaned after extrusion molding of a self-hardening raw material such as cement, or when changing the raw material to be extruded, its color, etc., the handle 24 of the fixture 19. By grasping 24a and rotating the NAND part 22 in a predetermined direction, the fixture 19 and nozzle 15 are removed, and the vacuum chamber 1 is removed.
The vacuum chamber 10 is released by releasing the suction action on 0.10a.
．． The locking action is released by making the inside of 10a equal to the external pressure, and in this state, the split cylinder 5 is rotated upward using the hinge portion 7.7a as a fulcrum, thereby exposing the inside of the extrusion cylinder 4. In another embodiment in which the opening and closing direction of the split cylinder 5.6 is the left-right direction, cleaning of the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder 4 and the screw shaft 3 is carried out at the base end of the split cylinder 5.6. By opening the split cylinders 5.6 to the left and right using the hinge portion 7.7a provided at the fulcrum as a fulcrum, the separate cylinders 5.6 and the screw shaft 3 are independently separated from each other.

Further, in the second invention, in which the electromagnet 28 is attached to an appropriate location on one of the mating surfaces 8, in addition to the suction action by the vacuum chamber 10.10a, the attraction force due to the magnetic force is reduced by ID controlling the energization to the electromagnet 28. By adding this, the lock between the split cylinders 5 and 6 is reinforced.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In short, in the present invention, the extrusion cylinder 4 is divided into two parts in the longitudinal direction, and the split cylinder 5.6 is pivotally supported so that it can be opened and closed freely. When changing raw materials, colors, etc., by opening the split cylinder 5.6, the screw shaft 3
The inner periphery of the extrusion cylinder 4 and the outer periphery of the screw shaft 3 can be cleaned easily and quickly without removing the cylinder 4, and the mating surface 8.9 of the split cylinder 5.6 is provided with a vacuum chamber 10.10a for locking. forming the vacuum chamber 10.1
0a is connected to the suction device 12, the split cylinder 5.6 that is opened and closed can be suction-locked only by suction control to the vacuum chamber 10.10a without the need for tightening members such as bolts. Therefore, the opening and closing operations of the split cylinders 5.6 can be performed efficiently in a short time.

Further, in the second invention, since the electromagnet 28 is attached to one mating surface 8 to magnetically attract the other mating surface 9, the magnetic attraction action by the electromagnet 28 is combined with the attraction action by the vacuum chamber 10.10a. split cylinder 5.6
Its practical effects are enormous, such as the ability to make the locking action even stronger when it is sealed and fixed. □

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a plan view of the mating surfaces in the vacuum lock type extrusion chamber according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the main body, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the same. Figure, 4th
5 are views showing other embodiments, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of mating surfaces in the second invention. 4 Extrusion cylinder 5. 60% cylinder 8. 9 Matching surface 10. 10a Vacuum chamber 12 Suction device 28 Electromagnet or more

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) The extrusion cylinder is divided into two parts in the longitudinal direction, and the split cylinder is pivotally supported so that it can be opened and closed freely, a vacuum chamber for locking is formed on the mating surface of the split cylinder, and the vacuum chamber is connected to a suction device. A vacuum lock type extruder characterized by: (2) A split cylinder, which splits the extrusion cylinder into two in the longitudinal direction, is pivotally supported so that it can be opened and closed, a vacuum chamber for locking is formed on the mating surface of the split cylinder, and the vacuum chamber is connected to a suction device; Further, a vacuum lock type extruder is characterized in that one mating surface is equipped with an electromagnet that magnetically attracts the other mating surface.