JPS6213678B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention particularly relates to an automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument that controls automatic performance in accordance with the performance mode of a keyboard section.

In general, when playing an electronic musical instrument, the melody and accompaniment sounds are played using the keyboard, and the volume is controlled using an expression pedal.Furthermore, the tone of the performance sound can be changed during performance using the tones arranged on the panel surface. This is done by operating a changeover switch. However, it is very difficult to perform these various operations simultaneously during a performance, and it is especially difficult for beginners to have sufficient performance control, and it is difficult to achieve rich expression with the music being performed. becomes extremely difficult. For this reason, it has been considered that, for example, a part of the accompaniment tone performance or melody tone performance can be performed automatically.

The automatic performance mechanism in such electronic musical instruments is
For example, it may be configured as shown in FIG. That is, a clock oscillator 11 is provided which generates clock pulses in accordance with the timing of performance sound generation, and a clock signal from this clock oscillator 11 is sequentially supplied to a pulse generator 12. This sequential pulse generator 12 is constructed of a counting circuit such as a ring counter, and generates clock pulses so as to sequentially distribute the supplied clock pulses to a plurality of set output terminals. The sequential pulses output from 12 are sequentially supplied as gate signals to a plurality of gate circuits set in gate group 13. A plurality of pitch voltage signals from a pitch setting circuit 14 are supplied to the gate group 13 . The pitch setting circuit 14 is composed of a plurality of voltage setting devices such as variable resistors, and each voltage signal from the voltage setting device is guided to each gate circuit of the gate group 13 in sequence. The plurality of voltage signals set above are sequentially selected by sequential pulses from the pulse generator 12, and are taken out from the gate group 13 as a pitch voltage signal TV.

Here, the sequential pulse generator 12 is controlled by a start/stop command circuit 15, and sequentially generates pulses from an initial state in response to a start command, and stops sequentially generating pulses in response to a stop command. It's becoming like that.

The pitch voltage signal TV output from the gate group 13 is transmitted to the voltage controlled variable frequency oscillator 1.
6 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCO), so that a sound source signal having a pitch frequency corresponding to the voltage value is generated. The sound source signal generated by this VCO 16 is passed through a voltage-controlled variable filter 17 (hereinafter referred to as
(abbreviated as VCF) is used to form a timbre, a voltage-controlled variable gain amplifier 18 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCA) controls the opening/closing envelope, and the amplifier 19 amplifies the tone as appropriate, and then supplies it to the speaker 20, producing the performance sound. to be done.

Here, envelope waveform signals from envelope generation circuits 21 and 22 are supplied as control signals to the VCF 17 and VCA 18, respectively.
2 is supplied with the clock signal from the clock oscillator 1 as a trigger signal TR. That is, the envelope generation circuits 21 and 22 generate an envelope waveform signal that rises in response to the supplied trigger signal and then decays with a time constant.
The sound source signal from the VCO 16 is changed over time to form a tone, and the opening/closing envelope is controlled.
Performance sounds at a plurality of pitches set by the pitch setting circuit 14 are sequentially and independently generated, and musical tones are automatically played.

However, in the device configured in this way, the automatic performance sound is configured in correspondence with a plurality of pitches set by the pitch setting circuit 14, and only the specified pitch and its conversion pattern are set. Can not do it. Therefore, even if you try to use it in conjunction with the performance of a regular electronic musical instrument, the automatic performance sound will be generated independently of the performance sound of the electronic musical instrument, and it will not be possible to use it sufficiently as an accompaniment to the electronic musical instrument. Have difficulty.

This invention has been made in view of the above points, and when a music piece is played on the keyboard section of an electronic musical instrument, corresponding to the key operation mode on this keyboard section,
Pitch information for automatic performance is set based on the pitch information generated based on this key operation, so that automatic performance sound suitable for normal musical instrument performance can be effectively generated. The present invention aims to provide an automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument.

That is, in the automatic performance device according to the present invention, a detection signal is generated in accordance with the performance mode of the keyboard section, and based on this detection signal, pitch information corresponding to the operated key on the keyboard is stored and set. , a plurality of automatic performance pitch information is generated based on this stored information. The plural pitch information is sequentially outputted as automatic performance sound information based on a specified clock signal, and is generated as a performance sound.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows its configuration. In the keyboard circuit 25, a pitch voltage signal KV with a voltage value corresponding to the pitch of the operated key is generated as the key is operated, and a pitch voltage signal KV with a voltage value corresponding to the pitch of the operated key is generated. Corresponding keying signal
Generate KON. That is, this keyboard circuit 25
As shown in Fig. 3, the key switch KS1, KS2,... is equipped with changeover type key switches KS1, KS2,... corresponding to each key, and these key switches KS1, KS2... connect the movable terminal and the normally closed fixed terminal in the order of pitch. set in series so that For this key switch circuit, a resistor R
A voltage dividing circuit for the power supply E consisting of R1, R2, ... and r1, r2, ... is provided, and each of the divided voltages is connected to each normally open side fixed terminal of the key switch KS1, KS2, ..., and when the key is operated. For example, when the key switch KS2 corresponding to that key is activated, the key switch
The pitch voltage signal KV corresponding to KS2 is output as a divided voltage of the power supply E. In this case, the key switches KS1, KS2, ... are connected in series as described above, so if multiple key switches are switched at the same time by simultaneous operation of multiple keys, the low tone one of the sides or the treble side is selected preferentially (generally the treble side is prioritized),
A tone pitch voltage signal KV corresponding to this selected key switch can now be obtained. In the case of the illustrated embodiment, for example, when the key switches KS1 and KS2 are switched simultaneously, the voltage signal corresponding to the key switch KS2 is output as the pitch voltage signal KV.

Further, the above-mentioned key switches KS1, KS2, ... are provided with switches S1, S2, ... that are linked to each other, and these switches S1, S2, ... are connected to the power supply line L1 during operation, and while the key is being operated, the switches S1, S2, ... are connected to the power supply line L1. , the voltage signal from this power supply line L1 is output as a keying signal KON.

The pitch voltage signal KV from the keyboard circuit 25 configured in this manner is transmitted to the automatic performance control section 2, which will be described in detail later.
6 as a reference voltage signal source, and also to the VCO 27, which generates a sound source signal of a frequency corresponding to the pitch of the operating key.
The output sound source signal from the VCO 27 is subjected to timbre formation by the VCF 28, and further subjected to opening/closing envelope control by the VCA 29 to obtain a performance musical tone signal corresponding to the key operation. This VCO27, VCF
28 and VCA 29, envelope waveform signals from envelope generation circuits 30, 31, and 32 are supplied as control signals. The envelope generating circuits 30 to 32 are controlled by a keying signal KON from the keyboard circuit 25, and generate an envelope waveform having a rise time constant, sustain level, decay time constant, etc., according to a condition signal from a control circuit 33. It generates a signal, and VCO27
Then, the pitch pitch is changed, and the VCF 28 modulates the tone color so that an effective musical tone signal is formed. The VCA 29 changes the envelope of the musical tone signal in accordance with the supplied envelope waveform, thereby controlling the opening/closing envelope.

The keyboard circuit 25 is further provided with a pressed key number detection circuit 34, which generates a detection signal TD when two or more keys are operated simultaneously on the keyboard section, and this signal TD is used for automatic performance. The signal KV is supplied to the control unit 26 as a command to read the signal KV. The key press number detection circuit 34 is configured, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, by switches SC1, SO2, etc. that operate in conjunction with key switches KS1, KS2, and so on. The power supply +V is connected through the resistor R, and the switches SO1, SO2, ... are connected to the output line L2 by operating the corresponding keys, and correspond to the number of switches operated for the load resistance R ₀ . Make it generate voltage. Then, the voltage generated at this load resistor R ₀ is compared with the voltage V _ref set by the comparator CO, and when the voltage is higher than this V _ref , an output signal is generated and the one-shot circuit is activated.
The OS is driven to generate the multiple key press detection signal TD.

Here, if R ₀ = R and the voltage V _ref is V _ref = V/2 + ΔV, when two or more keys are operated simultaneously, the output from the comparator CO rises, and the output signal TD from the one shot circuit OS You will be able to get it.

The automatic performance control section 26 sequentially generates a pitch voltage signal TV for automatic performance based on the pitch voltage signal KV generated corresponding to the pitch of the selected operation key for a single note, and triggers in response to the pitch voltage signal TV. Generate signal TR. The pitch voltage signal TV is supplied to the VCO 35 to generate a sound source signal, the VCF 36 forms a tone, and the VCA 37 controls opening and closing to obtain an automatically played musical tone signal. This automatically played musical tone signal is the VCA
A mixer 38 synthesizes the synthesized musical tone signal with the performance musical tone signal from the 29, and the synthesized musical tone signal is suitably amplified by an amplifier 39 and supplied to a speaker 40 for sound generation.

For the VCO 35, VCF 36, and VCA 37, envelope generation circuits 41, 42, and
The envelope generating circuits 41 and 43 are driven by the trigger signal TR from the automatic performance control section 26, and the envelope waveform signal from the control circuit 44 is supplied to control the pitch pitch, timbre, and opening/closing envelope. The waveform corresponds to the condition signal from .

FIG. 4 shows a specific configuration of the automatic performance control section 26, which includes an auto/manual selection switch section 45 and a start switch 46. Also, as shown in FIG. 1, it has a sequential pulse generator 12, a gate group 13, and a voltage signal generating circuit 47 corresponding to the pitch setting circuit, and the sequential pulse generator 12 responds to clock pulses supplied. It consists of a song counter that sequentially generates outputs from Q ₀ to Q ₈ .

The clock oscillator 11 that sequentially drives the pulse generator 12 is composed of a VCO. The output signal from this oscillator 11 is supplied to an AND circuit 48 and an inverter 49, and the output signal from the inverter 49 is supplied to an OR circuit 50 and a NAND circuit. The signal is sequentially supplied to the pulse generator 12 via the circuit 51, and the output signal from the NAND circuit 51 is taken out as the trigger signal TR.

The selection switch section 45 consists of a first switch 45a that outputs a signal of "1" in automatic mode, and a second switch 45b that outputs a signal of "1" in manual mode, and the output signal from the first switch 45a is output from an AND circuit. 48 as a gate signal, and during automatic setting, a clock signal from the oscillator 11 is supplied to the drive circuit 52 to control the lighting of the lamp 53. Further, the signal from the first switch 45a is supplied to the NAND circuit 54. The output signal from the second switch 45b is supplied to the NAND circuit 55 and flip-flop circuit 56 as a reset command, and the output signal from the NAND circuit 55 is used for gate control of the NAND circuit 51.

The start switch 46 generates an output signal of "1" when it is turned on and "0" when it is opened.The output signal from this switch 46 is supplied as an inversion trigger signal to the flip-flop circuit 56 via an inverter 57. , and further inverter 5
8 to the NAND circuit 55. Flip-flop circuit 56 generates an output signal at the time of setting, and this output signal at set time is supplied to OR circuit 50 via inverter 59, and further supplied to one-shot circuits 60 and 61. Here, the one-shot circuit 60 generates a positive pulse output when the flip-flop circuit 56 is inverted to the set state, and the one-shot circuit 61 generates a pulse output whose output is normally "1" and falls to "0" when the flip-flop circuit 56 is inverted. The output signal from the one shot circuit 61 is supplied to the NAND circuit 54, and the output signal from the NAND circuit 54 is supplied to the clock oscillator 11 via the OR circuit 62 as a stop command.
Further, the output signal from the one-shot circuit 60 is sequentially sent to the OR circuit 63 together with the _Q8 output of the pulse generator 12.
The output of this OR circuit 63 is supplied to the OR circuit 6
4 as a clear command to the pulse generator 12.

The gate group 13 is composed of gates G1 to G8 each made of a field effect transistor, and the output signals from each of the gates G1 to G8 are collectively led to a buffer 65 and outputted as a pitch voltage signal TV. . Then, the gate G1~
For G8, each sequential pulse generator 12
The outputs Q ₁ to Q ₇ and Q ₀ from the gates G1 to G8 are supplied as gate signals, and set voltage signals from the voltage signal generation circuit 47 are supplied to the gates G1 to G8, respectively.

The voltage signal generation circuit 47 is comprised of voltage generators E1 to E8 each consisting of a variable resistor, and is supplied with a voltage signal from the operational amplifier 67 or an arbitrarily set voltage Vref as a reference voltage signal via a selection switch 66. The operational amplifier 67 compares the storage potential of the capacitor 68 with the output potential from the voltage generator E1, and so that the voltage obtained from the voltage generator E1 matches the storage voltage of the capacitor 68. It controls the reference voltage of the voltage signal generation circuit 47.

The capacitor 68 is connected to the tone high voltage signal from the keyboard circuit 25 through the gate 69.
KV is written and stored, and the key press number detection signal TD is supplied to the gate 69 as a sampling gate signal. This signal TD is further supplied to an OR circuit 62 to become a stop signal to stop the clock oscillator 11, and is supplied to an OR circuit 64 via a differentiator circuit 70 to become a clear signal to sequentially clear the pulse generator 12. It is something.

That is, according to the device configured as described above, when the pitch voltage signal KV and the keying signal KON are obtained from the keyboard circuit 25 in response to a key operation,
The VCO 27, VCF 28, and VCA 29 are driven and controlled, and performance sounds corresponding to key operations are obtained.

At this time, if two or more keys are operated simultaneously on the keyboard section, a detection signal is sent from the key press number detection circuit 34.
TD is obtained, the gate 69 in FIG. Then, from the voltage signal generation circuit 47, the voltage signal
A plurality of set voltage signals referenced to KV are supplied to the gates G1 to G8.

In this state, when the selection switch 45 of the automatic performance control section 26 is in the auto state and the start switch 46 is inserted, the flip-flop circuit 56, which has been in the initial reset state, is set.
The output signal from the one-shot circuit 60 sequentially clears and initializes the pulse generator 12, and the output from the one-shot circuit 61 generates an output signal from the NAND circuit 54 to stop the clock oscillator 11.
At the end of the output pulse of the one-shot circuit 61, the clock oscillator 11 is activated. The clock pulses from the clock oscillator 11 are sequentially coupled to the pulse generator 12 via an OR circuit 50 and a NAND circuit 51, so that counting is started from the initial state.

That is, the gates G1 to G8 of the gate group 13 are sequentially opened, and the high pitch voltage of the voltage signal generation circuit 47 is
A voltage signal TV based on KV is sequentially output, and an automatic performance based on the pitch of the operated key, for example, an arpeggio performance played in the order of pitches set by E1 to E8 of the voltage signal generation circuit 47 is performed. It becomes like this. When multiple keys are operated simultaneously on the keyboard in this state, a signal TD is generated, and the pitch of the newly operated key is sampled and stored in the capacitor 68. In response to this sampling operation, the differentiating circuit 70 The output sequentially clears the pulse generator 12 and controls the start-up of the clock oscillator 11.
A new automatic performance begins.

Then, if the start switch 46 is opened,
The flip-flop circuit 56 is inverted and reset, the output of the inverter 59 is held at "1", the clock signal from the clock oscillator 11 is turned off, and the automatic performance is stopped.

Furthermore, when the selection switch 45 is set to the manual state, the flip-flop circuit 56 is held in the reset state, and the inverter 59
The output of the OR circuit 50 is always "1" due to the output of
is maintained. Therefore, when the start switch 46 is operated in this state, a signal rises from the NAND circuit 51 in response to the opening operation, and the signal
While generating TR, the pulse generator 12 is sequentially stepped, and the gates G1 to G8 are sequentially opened by operating the switch 46, corresponding to the setting states of the voltage generators E1 to E8 of the voltage signal generation circuit 47. Performance sounds will now be switched. That is,
The pitch voltage setting operation of the voltage signal generation circuit 47 can be effectively performed while listening to the performance sound.

As described above, in the automatic performance device according to the present invention, for example, when a plurality of keys are operated simultaneously on the keyboard section, the key operation mode is detected, and the current operation is determined based on this detection signal. Pitch information corresponding to the key pitch is stored and set as standard pitch information. Based on this standard pitch information, multiple pieces of pitch information for automatic performance are set, and these multiple pieces of pitch information are You will now be able to obtain automatic performance sounds based on the following. Therefore, the pitch of the automatic performance sound is automatically set in response to the key operation of the music playing on the keyboard section, and the automatic performance sound that matches the performance on the keyboard section is effectively generated. The functionality of the electronic musical instrument will be significantly improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an automatic performance device that has been considered up to now, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an automatic performance device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a configuration of the keyboard section of the above embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the automatic performance control section. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Clock oscillator, 12... Sequential pulse generator, 13... Gate group, 25... Keyboard circuit, 26... Automatic performance control section, 27, 35... Voltage controlled variable frequency oscillator, 28, 36... Voltage controlled variable filter, 29, 37... Voltage controlled variable gain amplifier, 3
4...Key press number detection circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 a A keyboard section that has a plurality of keys corresponding to each pitch and generates pitch information that is preferentially selected in accordance with the key operation, and b. a detecting means for detecting the operation state; c a means for storing pitch information generated in the keyboard section based on a detection signal from the detecting means; and d a means for storing pitch information stored in the storing means as a reference tone. multiple pieces of pitch information for automatic performance that are set in a specified relationship with this reference pitch information.
automatic performance pitch information generating means for sequentially outputting according to a set clock signal; e musical tone signal having a pitch based on the automatic performance pitch information output from the pitch information generating means; 1. An automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument, comprising: a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone;