JPH0120436B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention particularly relates to an automatic performance device for an electronic musical instrument that controls automatic performance in accordance with the performance mode of a keyboard section.

In general, when playing an electronic musical instrument, the melody and accompaniment sounds are played using the keyboard, and the volume is controlled using an expression pedal.Furthermore, the tone of the performance sound can be changed during performance using the tones arranged on the panel surface. This is done by operating a changeover switch. However, it is very difficult to perform such a wide variety of operations simultaneously during a performance, and it is especially difficult for beginners to have sufficient performance control, making it difficult to achieve rich expression in the music they perform. becomes extremely difficult.

In order to address this problem, means for obtaining automatic performance sounds have been considered. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a clock oscillator 11 is provided which generates a clock signal corresponding to the timing of generating a performance sound, and the clock signal from this clock oscillator 11 is sequentially supplied to a pulse generator 12 consisting of a counting circuit or the like. do. This sequential pulse generator 12 starts,
It is driven and controlled based on a command from the stop command device 13, and sequentially distributes and generates a supplied clock signal to a plurality of output terminals, thereby sequentially controlling each gate of a gate group 15 consisting of a plurality of gates. A plurality of voltage signals set by the pitch setting circuit 14 are supplied to each gate of the gate group 15, and the plurality of voltage signals are sequentially output as an output signal TV by pulses. The signal is supplied to a voltage-controlled variable frequency oscillator 16 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCO) to generate a sound source signal having a pitch corresponding to the voltage signal to be coupled. The sound source signal generated by this VCO 16 is then subjected to timbre formation by a voltage-controlled variable filter 17 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCF), and then passed through a voltage-controlled variable gain amplifier 1.
8 (hereinafter abbreviated as VCA) performs opening/closing envelope control, and is further amplified appropriately by an amplifier 19 and guided to a speaker 20 to be generated as a performance sound. In addition, for the above VCF17 and VCA18,
Envelope waveform signals from envelope generation circuits 21 and 22 are supplied as control signals, and the VCF 17 modulates the tone in accordance with the supplied envelope waveforms to express effective musical tones. Further, the VCA 18 controls the opening and closing of the musical sound signal envelope in response to the envelope waveform signal, and the envelope generating circuits 21 and 22 are controlled by a trigger signal TR based on the clock signal, and the VCF 1 corresponding to the clock
7. Generates an envelope waveform signal output for VCA18 control. That is, a plurality of voltage signals set by the pitch setting circuit 14 are sequentially read out using a clock signal, and performance sounds corresponding to the voltage signals are sequentially generated to obtain an automatic performance sound. It is. However, in such a device, the performance sound obtained is determined by the pitch setting circuit 1.
This is limited to the specified sound set in step 4, and is generated independently from other electronic musical instrument performance sounds. Therefore, it is difficult to use this automatic performance sound as an accompaniment to the performance of an electronic musical instrument, and it can only be used in special and limited cases.

Therefore, it is conceivable to provide a keyboard or operators for automatic performance control in order to reflect the performer's will in automatic performance, but this would not only complicate the configuration but also make performance operations difficult. There are disadvantages that make it difficult.

An object of the present invention is to enable automatic performance that is rich in variety and reflects the player's will with a simple configuration and operation, without the need for special additional keyboards or operators.

The automatic performance device according to the present invention includes a keyboard having a plurality of keys, pitch information generating means for generating pitch information corresponding to keys pressed on the keyboard, and pitch information from the pitch information generating means. The electronic musical instrument is used in combination with an electronic musical instrument having a musical tone generating means for generating a musical tone signal having a pitch corresponding to the pitch of the electronic musical instrument, which includes a key touch detecting means, a storage means, a performance information generating means,
It is equipped with a clock generating means and a performance sound generating means.

The keyboard and pitch information generating means correspond to the keyboard circuit 25 in the embodiment described later. Further, in the embodiment, the musical tone generating means includes VCO27, VCF28, and VCA2.
9 corresponds to the envelope generation circuits 30 to 32 and the control circuit 33.

The key touch detection means sends out an output signal corresponding to a key touch in response to a key touch on the keyboard with a specific strength or direction, and corresponds to the key touch detection circuit 34 in the embodiment. do.

The storage means captures and stores pitch information from the pitch information generation means in accordance with the output signal each time the key touch detection means sends out an output signal, and includes a gate element 50 and a capacitor 49 in the embodiment. Compatible with sample and hold circuit.

The performance information generation means generates a plurality of performance information for automatic performance, and each time the storage means stores pitch information, the performance information generating means determines the value of the plurality of performance information according to the value of the pitch information. is configured to do so. This performance information generating means corresponds to a circuit section including an operational amplifier 48 and a voltage signal generating circuit 45 in the embodiment.

The clock generating means generates a clock signal for automatic performance, and corresponds to the clock oscillator 11 in this embodiment.

The performance sound generation means sequentially generates a plurality of musical tone signals having pitches corresponding to the plurality of performance information values from the performance information generation means in accordance with the clock signal from the clock generation means. Automatic performance control section 26, VCO35, VCF36, VCA
37 corresponds to a circuit section including envelope generation circuits 39 to 41 and a control circuit 42.

According to the configuration of the present invention, when an arbitrary key is pressed on the keyboard, a musical tone signal having a pitch corresponding to the pressed key is generated from the musical tone generating means. Therefore, it is possible to play a desired piece of music by operating the keyboard.

In addition, if the key touch detection means is configured to respond to key touches of a certain strength or higher, for example, in the process of sequentially pressing keys on the keyboard according to a desired song, the key touch detection means may be Then, an output signal corresponding to the key press at this time is sent out from the key touch detection means, and each time such an output signal is sent out, the storage means takes in pitch information from the pitch information generation means and stores it. . The performance information generation means generates a plurality of pieces of performance information whose values depend on the value of the pitch information each time the pitch information is stored in the storage means, and the pitch information corresponding to these performance information is generated. Musical tone signals are sequentially generated from the performance sound generating means in accordance with the clock signal.

Therefore, by strongly pressing a key at a desired performance location, the performer can generate an automatic performance sound with a pitch that depends on the pitch of the key pressed at that time.
You can enjoy a variety of performances.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the keyboard circuit 25 is configured in combination with an electronic musical instrument section. In the keyboard circuit 25, a pitch voltage signal corresponding to the pitch of the operated key is generated as the key is operated.
KV, and a keying signal KON corresponding to key presses and key releases. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, this keyboard circuit 25 has change-over type key switches KS1, KS2, . . . that correspond to each key and are switched and driven when the corresponding key is operated. , KS2, ... are set in series so that each movable terminal is connected to the normally closed side fixed terminal of the adjacent switch. And this key switch
The normally open side fixed terminals of KS1, KS2, ... are connected to a power supply E, resistors R1, R2, ... and r1, r
The voltage signal KV corresponding to the pitch of the operated key is connected by connecting each divided voltage of the voltage dividing circuit consisting of 2,...
This will output the following. This circuit is designed so that when a plurality of keys are operated at the same time, priority is given to the high pitch or low pitch, and a voltage signal KV corresponding to the selected pitch is output.

In addition, the above key switches KS1, KS2,...
Auxiliary switches S1, S2, . . . which operate in conjunction with these switches are provided, and each of the switches S1, S2, . Then, a keying signal KON is generated which rises when a key is pressed and falls when a key is released.

The pitch voltage signal KV obtained from such a keyboard circuit 25 is supplied to the automatic performance control section 26 as a reference signal source, and is also supplied to the VCO 27.
This VCO 27 generates a sound source signal with a pitch frequency corresponding to the operating key. This VCO
The sound source signal generated in step 27 is subjected to timbre formation in VCF 28, and is extracted as a performance musical tone signal by controlling the open/close envelope in VCA 29.

For the VCO27, VCF28, and VCA29, envelope generation circuits 30, 31, and
This envelope generation circuit 3 supplies the envelope waveform signal from 32 as a control signal.
0 to 32 are keying signals from the keyboard circuit 25
It is controlled by KON and generates an envelope waveform signal corresponding to each condition of the rise time constant, sustain level, and decay time constant set by the control circuit 33.

The keyboard circuit 25 includes a key touch detection circuit 34.
is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, this circuit 34 is equipped with detection switches SO1, SO2, etc. corresponding to each key switch KS1, KS2, etc.
SO1, SO2, ... output a (+) voltage signal when inserted, and this voltage signal is detected by the one-shot circuit OS, and the switches SO1, SO2, ...
It generates a detection signal TD consisting of a one-shot pulse that rises when one of the two is inserted.
In this case, the key switches KS1, KS2, ... and the auxiliary switches S1, S2, ... are driven when the corresponding keys are operated, but the detection switch SO
1, SO2, . . . are activated only when the corresponding key is pressed down in a specific manner, for example, more deeply than in a normal performance operation state.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4 when one key 25a is taken out, when the key 25a is pressed normally, the actuator activates the key switch leaf.
KS, when the auxiliary switch leaf S is driven and the key 25a is pressed down further, the detection switch is activated.
The SO is configured to be operated and driven by an actuator. In this case, the detection switch
SO should be made of conductive rubber contacts,
Further, the detection switches SO1, SO2, ... may be configured to detect the movement of the key in the lateral direction without depending on the key depression operation. In this case, it is also possible to configure the detection switches with one detection switch. be.

The signal TD thus obtained by the key touch detection circuit 34 is supplied to the automatic performance control section 26.
The automatic performance control section 26 reads the pitch voltage signal KV as a reference voltage signal in response to this signal, and generates a voltage signal TV and a trigger signal TR for automatic performance control.

The voltage signal TV is supplied to the VCO 35 to generate a sound source signal corresponding to the voltage value, the sound source signal is formed into a tone by the VCF 36, is subjected to opening/closing envelope control by the VCA 37, and is mixed with the performance musical sound signal from the VCA 29. Synthesize at 38. This synthesized musical tone signal is appropriately amplified by an amplifier 19 and supplied to a speaker 20, where it is produced as a performance sound.

For VCO35, VCF36, VCA37,
It is controlled by envelope signals from envelope generation circuits 39, 40, and 41, each of which is driven and controlled by a trigger signal TR, and generates an automatic performance sound corresponding to the trigger signal, and the shape of the waveform of the envelope signal is determined by the control circuit 42. It will be set as follows.

FIG. 5 shows the automatic performance section 26 in more detail, and as in the case of FIG.
2. Equipped with gate group 15, and furthermore automatic (automatic),
It has a manual selection switch 43, a start command switch 44, and a voltage signal generation circuit 45 for setting pitch. The sequential pulse generator 12 is constituted by a ring counter, and counts the coupled clock pulses to sequentially generate count output signals _Q0 to _Q8 . Further, the gate group 15 includes gates G1 to G8 made of field effect transistors, and these gates G1 to G8 receive the count signal _Q1.
.about.Q ₇ and Q ₀ are respectively gate-controlled, and their output signals are taken out via a buffer 46 as a voltage signal TV. And voltage signal generation circuit 45
are voltage setting devices E1 each consisting of a variable resistor.
-E8, and output voltage signals from the voltage setters E1 to E8 to each gate G of the gate group 15.
Try to lead to 1 to G8.

A divided voltage source for this voltage signal generation circuit 45 is supplied from an operational amplifier 48 or a set voltage source V _ref via a switch 47. The operational amplifier 48 receives a signal from the voltage setting device E1 and a capacitor 49. The output voltage value from the voltage setting device E1 is supplied to the capacitor 49.
The standard is set to match the storage potential of . The capacitor 49 receives the key touch detection signal.
A pitch voltage signal KV is supplied through a gate element 50 whose gate is opened at TD, and the voltage signal KV is sampled and stored in correspondence with the signal TD.

The selection switch 43 includes two interlocking changeover switches 43a and 43b, and the switch 43a
When the switch 43b is set to 1, the signal is
outputs a signal of "1" during manual operation. Further, the start command switch 44 is normally set to "0" and generates an output signal of "1" when activated, and the output signal from this switch 44 is supplied to the inverter 51. The output signal from the inverter 51 is further supplied to the inverter 52 and is also supplied as an inverted trigger signal to the flip-flop circuit 53, which is reset by the signal from the switch 43b.

The output signal of the inverter 52 is transmitted to the switch 4
It is supplied together with the output signal from 3b to a NAND circuit 54, and the output signal from this NAND circuit 54 is supplied to a NAND circuit 55 as a gate control signal. Further, the output signal from the switch 43a is supplied to the AND circuit 56 together with the clock pulse from the clock oscillator 11 to control the driving circuit 58 of the lamp 57, so that the lighting of the lamp 57 is controlled by the clock pulse during auto setting.

The output clock signal from the clock oscillator 11 is supplied to an OR circuit 6D via an inverter 59, and the output signal from this OR circuit 60 is led to a NAND circuit 55. It is taken out as a signal TR and sequentially supplied to the pulse generator 12 as a step signal. The OR circuit 60 is further supplied with an output signal from an inverter 61 to which the set signal of the flip-flop circuit 53 is supplied.

The set output signal of flip-flop circuit 53 is further supplied to one-shot circuits 62 and 63. The one shot circuit 62 generates a pulse signal that becomes "1" at the rising edge of the set signal, and the one shot circuit 63 generates a pulse signal that becomes "0" at the rising edge of the set signal. The output pulse signal from the one-shot circuit 62 is sequentially supplied to the OR circuit 64 together with the output of _Q8 of the pulse generator 12, and the output signal of the OR circuit 64 is as follows.
It is sequentially supplied to the pulse generator 12 via the OR circuit 65 as a clear command. This OR circuit 65 is further connected to a differentiation circuit 6 to which the signal TD is coupled.
6 output signals are also provided. One shot circuit 63
The output signal from the switch 43a is supplied to a NAND circuit 67 together with the signal from the switch 43a, and the output signal from the NAND circuit 67 is supplied to an OR circuit 68 together with the signal TD. The output signal from this OR circuit 68 is supplied to the clock oscillator 11 as a stop command.

That is, according to the device configured as described above, when a normal performance operation is performed on the keyboard section, a pitch voltage signal KV is generated in response to the key operation, and a keying signal KON is generated, so that the VCO 27 ,
A musical tone forming circuit section consisting of a VCF 28 and a VCA 29 generates a performance musical tone signal in response to key operations, and the signal is output from the speaker 20.

At this time, if the selection switch 43 is set to the auto side in the automatic performance control section 26, a signal of "1" is sent to the NAND circuit 67, and a signal of "1" is sent to the NAND circuit 67.
4, and the flip-flop circuit 53 is in an initial reset state. Then, when a specific operation is performed on the keyboard section, that is, a deep pressing operation to drive the switch SO, a touch detection signal TD is obtained, and the pitch voltage signal KV at that time is sampled and stored in the capacitor 49.
The voltage signal generation circuit 45 generates a plurality of voltage signals based on the stored voltage.

At this time, when the flip-flop circuit 53 is in the reset state, the signal from the output terminal at the time of setting is "0", and therefore the output of the inverter 61 is held at "1". Therefore, the clock signal from the clock oscillator 11 is sent to the OR circuit 60.
does not appear on the output side of the pulse generator 12, and the sequential pulse generator 12 is not driven for counting.

When the start command switch 44 is operated, the flip-flop circuit 53 is inverted, generates a set output signal, and outputs the OR circuit 60.
A signal output that is an inverted clock signal can now be obtained from the inverter 52, and a signal of "1" is supplied to the NAND circuit 55 as the inverter 52 generates an output. 12. in this case,
Inversion of flip-flop circuit 53 (“0” → 1”)
Accordingly, this inverted signal is sent to the one-shot circuit 6.
2. The pulse generator 12 is cleared sequentially via the OR circuits 64 and 65, and the one shot circuit 6
3. In order to stop the clock oscillator 11 via the NAND circuit 67 and the OR circuit 68, the pulse generator 12 sequentially generates pulses from the initial state (at the rising edge of the pulse) after the one-shot circuit 63 generates the pulse. It controls the gate group 15, sequentially extracts a plurality of voltage signals from the voltage signal generation circuit 45 as a voltage signal TV, and drives and controls the VCO 35. That is, automatic performance using the operation key pitch as the reference pitch, for example, when the voltage signal generation circuit 45
An arpeggio performance will now be performed in the order of pitches set in E ₁ to _{E 8} .

From then on, each time a specific operation is performed on the keyboard section and a key touch detection signal TD is obtained, the pitch at that time is memorized by sampling, and the pulse generation state is sequentially initialized to automatically set the pitch specified by the operation as a reference. A performance sound is generated. Such automatic performance continues until the start command switch 44 is opened and the flip-flop circuit 53 is inverted to the reset state.

Further, when the selection switch 43 is changed from the state shown in the figure to the manual state, the flip-flop circuit 53 is held in the reset state by the output of the switch 43b, and the output signal from the OR circuit 60 is held at "1". Therefore, when the start command switch 44 is opened or closed in this state, an output is generated from the NAND circuit 55 in response to this operation, and the pulse generator 12 is sequentially stepped by the operation of the switch 44, and the gate Group 15 gate G
1 to G8 are controlled sequentially. That is,
Each voltage generator E1 to E8 of the voltage signal generation circuit 45
The voltage signals are sequentially and manually switched and read out, and it is possible to effectively adjust and set the voltage generated by each voltage generator E1 to E8, that is, the relative relationship between the pitches of each performance note. It becomes like this.
In this case, it is effective to switch the switch 47 and use it as the V _ref reference voltage.

As described above, according to the present invention, automatic performance sound generation is controlled by detecting that a key is touched with a specific strength or direction on the keyboard of an electronic musical instrument. There is no need to provide a special keyboard or operator, and the effect of simplifying the configuration and operation can be obtained.

Furthermore, when a key touch of a specific strength or direction is detected, the pitch of the automatic performance sound is determined according to the pitch of the key pressed at that time, so the pitch of the automatic performance sound is determined for each desired key performance sound. It is possible to generate suitable automatic performance sounds, and it also has the effect of allowing you to enjoy a variety of performances.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram explaining an automatic performance means that has been considered up to now, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the keyboard circuit section in the above embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram similarly showing the structure of the keyboard section, and FIG. 5 is a diagram similarly showing the automatic performance control section. 11... Clock oscillator, 12... Sequential pulse generator, 15... Gate group, 16, 27, 35...
...Voltage controlled variable frequency oscillator, 17, 28, 3
6... Voltage controlled variable filter, 18, 29, 3
7... Voltage controlled variable gain amplifier, 25... Keyboard circuit, 26... Automatic performance control section, 34... Key touch detection circuit, 45... Voltage signal generation circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A keyboard 25 having a plurality of keys, a pitch information generating means 25 that generates pitch information (KV) corresponding to a key pressed on this keyboard, and a pitch information generating means from this pitch information generating means. (a) in response to a key touch on the keyboard with a specific strength or direction; key touch detection means 34 for transmitting an output signal TD corresponding to the key touch;
and (b) storage means 4 for capturing and storing pitch information from the pitch information generating means in accordance with the output signal each time the key touch detection means sends out an output signal.
9, 50, and (c) performance information generating means 45, 48 for generating a plurality of pieces of performance information for automatic performance, each time the storage means stores pitch information, the performance information is generated according to the value of the pitch information. (d) a clock generating means 11 for generating a clock signal for automatic performance; and (e) a clock signal from the clock generating means. performance sound generation means 26, 3 that sequentially generates a plurality of musical tone signals having pitches corresponding to the plurality of performance information values from the performance information generation means in accordance with the signals;
5 to 42.